UDDEHOLM DIEVAR
UDDEHOLM DIEVAR
UDDEHOLM DIEVARUddeholm Dievar is a specially developed steel grade by Uddeholm,which provides the best possible performance.The chemical composition and the very latest in production technique makethe property profile outstanding. The combination of excellent toughnessand very good hot strength gives Uddeholm Dievar a very good heatchecking- and gross cracking resistance.The steel is suitable in high demand hot work applications like die casting,forging and extrusion. The property profile makes it also suitable in otherapplications, e.g. plastics and High Performance Steel.Uddeholm Dievar offers the potential for significant improvements in dielife, thereby improving the tooling economy.This information is based on our present state of knowledge and is intended to provide generalnotes on our products and their uses. It should not therefore be construed as a warranty ofspecific properties of the products described or a warranty for fitness for a particular purpose.Classified according to EU Directive 1999/45/ECFor further information see our “Material Safety Data Sheets”.Edition 9, 06.2015The latest revised edition of this brochure is the English version,which is always published on our web site www.uddeholm.comSS-EN ISO 9001SS-EN ISO 14001
UDDEHOLM DIEVARGeneralHot work applicationsUddeholm Dievar is a high performancechromium-molybdenum-vanadium alloyed hotwork tool steel which offers a very goodresistance to heat checking, gross cracking, hotwear and plastic deformation. UddeholmDievar is characterized by: Excellent toughness and ductility in alldirections Good temper resistance Good high-temperature strength Excellent hardenability Good dimensional stability throughout heattreatment and coating operationsHeat checking is one of the most commonfailure mechanism e.g. in die casting and nowdays also in forging applications. UddeholmDievar’s superior ductility yields the highestpossible level of heat checking resistance.With Uddeholm Dievar’s outstanding toughness and hardenability the resistance to heatchecking can further be improved. If grosscracking is not a factor then a higher workinghardness can be utilized ( 2 HRC).Regardless of the dominant failure mechanism; e.g. heat checking, gross cracking, hotwear or plastic deformation. Uddeholm Dievaroffers the potential for significant improvements in die life and then resulting in bettertooling economy.Uddeholm Dievar is the material of choicefor the high demand die casting-, forging- andextrusion industries.Typicalanalysis eDeliveryconditionSoft annealed to approx. 160 HBColour codeYellow/greyV0.6Tools for die castingImproved tooling performanceUddeholm Dievar is a premium hot work toolsteel developed by Uddeholm. It is manufactured utilizing the very latest in production andrefining techniques. The Uddeholm Dievardevelopment has yielded a die steel with theultimate resistance to heat checking, grosscracking, hot wear and plastic deformation.The unique properties profile for UddeholmDievar makes it the best choice for die casting,forging and extrusion.PartAluminium,magnesium alloysDies44–50 HRCTools for extrusionPartCopper,copper alloysHRCAluminium,magnesium alloysHRCDies–46–5246–5244–52Liners, dummyblocks, stemsTools for hot forgingPartInsertsSteel, Aluminium44–52 HRC3
UDDEHOLM DIEVARPropertiesTENSILE PROPERTIES AT ELEVATED TEMPERATUREThe reported properties are representativeof samples which have been taken from thecentre of a 610 x 203 mm (24" x 8") bar.Unless otherwise is indicated all specimenshave been hardened at 1025 C (1875 F),quenched in oil and tempered twice at 615 C(1140 F) for two hours; yielding a workinghardness of 44–46 HRC.Physical propertiesShort transverse direction.A5, Z%Rm, 001000800875829600400200ZRmRp0,2Temperature20 C(68 F)400 C(750 F)600 C(1110 F)7 8000.2817 7000.2777 6000.274Modulus of elasticityMPapsi210 00030.5 x 106180 00026.1 x 106145 00021.0 x 106Coefficient ofthermal expansionper C from 20 Cper F from 68 F––Density,kg/m3lbs/in312.7 x 10–6 13.3 x 10–67.0 x 10–6 7.3 x 10–6302010A5Data at room and elevated 70750930 1110 1290 F600700 CTesting temperatureMinimum average unnotched impact ductility is300 J (220 ft lbs) in the short transversedirection at 44–46 HRC.CHARPY V-NOTCH IMPACT TOUGHNESSAT ELEVATED TEMPERATUREShort transverse direction.ThermalconductivityW/m CBtu in/(ft2h F)––3121632223Impact energyft. lbs J102 14088 120Mechanical properties45 HRC73 100Tensile properties at room temperature, shorttransverse 0,244 HRC48 HRC52 HRC47 HRC44 6030 401480 MPa1640 MPa1900 MPa96 tsi106 tsi123 tsi214 000 psi237 000 psi275 000 psi1210 MPa1380 MPa1560 MPa78 tsi89 tsi101 tsi175 000 psi200 000 psi226 000 psiElongationA513 %13 %12,5 %Reductionof areaZ55 %55 %52 %458 8015 2050 HRC50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 C120 210 300 390 480 570 660 750 840 FTesting temperature
UDDEHOLM DIEVARTEMPER RESISTANCEStress relievingThe specimens have been hardened andtempered to 45 HRC and then held at different temperatures from 1 to 100 hours.After rough machining the tool should beheated through to 650 C (1200 F), holdingtime 2 hours. Cool slowly to 500 C (930 F),then freely in air.Hardness, HRC50500 C(930 F)45HardeningPreheating temperature: 600–900 C (1110–1650 F). Normally a minimum of twopreheats, the first in the 600–650 C (1110–1200 F) range, and the second in the 820–850 C (1510–1560 F) range. When threepreheats are used the second is carried outat 820 C (1510 F) and the third at 900 C(1650 F).Austenitizing temperature: 1000–1030 C (1830–1890 F).550 C(1020 F)4035600 C(1110 F)30650 C(1200 F)250,1110100Time, hTemperature C FHeat treatment—general recommendations10001025Soaking time*minutesHardness beforetempering303052 2 HRC55 2 HRC18301875* Soaking time time at hardening temperature after thetool is fully heated throughSoft annealingProtect the steel and heat through to 850 C(1560 F). Then cool in furnace at 10 C (20 F)per hour to 600 C (1110 F), then freely in air.Protect the tool against decarburization andoxidation during austenitizing.CCT GRAPHAustenitizing temperature 1025 C (1875 F). Holding time 30 minutes. F2000 C1100180010001600Austenitizing temperature 1025 CHolding time 30 min.Ac1f 890 C900Ac1s 820 CCarbidesPearlite8001400700Cooling Hardcurve ness T800–500No. HV 10 MsMfMartensite1123456789121010013541 000101001.51071 00010908100 00010 00010.2696816276205925664884684644051,5152801 2483 2055 20010 40020 80041 600SecondsMinutes100 HoursAir cooling of600bars, Ø mm5
UDDEHOLM DIEVARTemperingHARDNESS, GRAIN SIZE ANDRETAINED AUSTENITE AS FUNCTIONS OFAUSTENITIZING TEMPERATUREGrainsizeASTM Hardness, HRC10 60858656Retained austenite %Grain sizeHardness454Retained austenite5250990 10001815 1830Choose the tempering temperature accordingto the hardness required by reference to thetempering graph below. Temper minimumthree times for die casting dies and minimumtwice for forging and extrusion tools withintermediate cooling to room temperature.Holding time at temperature minimum 2 hours.Tempering in the range of 500–550 C (930–1020 F) for the intended final hardness will resultin a lower toughness.201010 1020 1030 1040 1050 C1850 1870 1885 1905 1920 FAustenitizing temperatureTEMPERING GRAPHHardness, HRC60Retained austenite, %Austenitizing temperature1025 C (1875 F)55QuenchingAs a general rule, quench rates should be asrapid as possible. Accelerated quench rates arerequired to optimize tool properties specifically with regards to toughness and resistanceto gross cracking. However, risk of excessivedistortion and cracking must be considered.501000 C (1830 F)Temperembrittlement45406354Retained austenite302QUENCHING MEDIAThe quenching media should be capable ofcreating a fully hardened microstructure.Different quench rates for Uddeholm Dievarare defined by the CCT graph, page 5.25100210200390300400500570750930600700 C1110 1290 FTempering temperature (2 2h)RECOMMENDED QUENCHING MEDIA High speed gas/circulating atmosphere Vacuum (high speed gas with sufficientpositive pressure). An interrupted quench at320–450 C (610–840 F) is recommendedwhere distortion control and quench cracking are a concern Martempering bath, salt bath or fluidized bedat 450–550 C (840–1020 F) Martempering bath, salt bath or fluidized bedat 180–200 C (360–390 F) Warm oil, approx. 80 C (180 F)Note: Temper the tool as soon as its temperature reaches 50–70 C (120–160 F).EFFECT OF TEMPERING TEMPERATUREON ROOM TEMPERATURE CHARPY V NOTCHIMPACT ENERGYShort transverse direction.ft.lb. Impact strength- KV Joule446037502940Hardness HRC605040Temper 09306001110700 C1290 FTempering temperature (2h 2h)6
UDDEHOLM DIEVARDimensional changes duringhardening and temperingDuring hardening and tempering the tool isexposed to both thermal and transformationstresses. These stresses will result in distortion.Insufficient levels of machine stock may resultin slower than recommended quench ratesduring heat treatment. In order to predictmaximum levels of distortion with a properquench, a stress relief is always recommendedbetween rough and semi-finish machining, priorto hardening.For a stress relieved Uddeholm Dievar toola minimum machine stock of 0.3% is recommended to account for acceptable levels ofdistortion during a heat treatment with a rapidquench.Nitriding and nitrocarburizingNitriding and nitrocarburizing result in a hardsurface layer which has the potential to improve resistance to wear and soldering, as wellas resistance to premature heat checking.Uddeholm Dievar can be nitrided and nitrocarburized via a plasma, gas, fluidized bed, orsalt process. The temperature for the deposition process should be minimum 25–50 C(50–90 F) below the highest previous tempering temperature, depending upon the processtime and temperature. Otherwise a permanentloss of core hardness, strength, and/or dimensional tolerances may be experienced.During nitriding and nitrocarburizing, abrittle compound layer, known as the whitelayer, may be generated. The white layer is verybrittle and may result in cracking or spallingwhen exposed to heavy mechanical or thermalloads. As a general rule the white layer formation must be avoided.Nitriding in ammonia gas at 510 C (950 F) orplasma nitriding at 480 C (895 F) bothresult in a surface hardness of approx. 1100 HV0.2.In general, plasma nitriding is the preferredmethod because of better control over nitrogen potential. However, careful gas nitriding cangive same results.The surface hardness after nitrocarburizingin either gas or salt bath at 580 C (1075 F) isapprox. 1100 HV0.2.Depth of nitridingHardnessHV0,2ProcessTimeDepth*Gas nitridingat 510 C (950 F)10 h0.16 mm0.0063 inch0.22 mm0.0087 inch110010 h0.15 mm0.0059 inch11002h0.13 mm0.0051 inch0.08 mm0.0031 inch110030 hPlasma nitridingat 480 C (895 F)Nitrocarburizing– in gas at580 C (1075 F)– in salt bath at580 C (1075 F)1h11001100* Depth of case distance from surface where hardnessis 50 HV0.2 over base hardness7
UDDEHOLM DIEVARCutting datarecommendationsEND MILLINGType of millingThe cutting data below are to be consideredas guiding values which must be adapted toexisting local condition.The recommendations, in following tables, arevalid for Uddeholm Dievar in soft annealed condition approx. 160 HB.TurningTurning withcarbideRough turningFine turningTurningwith highspeed steelFine 50–65Feed –0.0080.05–0.30.002–0.012Depthof cut 20.02–0.08Cutting dataparametersCuttingspeed (vc)m/minf.p.m.CarbidedesignationISOUSCutting ghspeed steelCuttingspeed 025–301)80–1001)Feed 0.352)0.003–0.0082) 0.002–0.0142)P20–P30C6–C5––For coated HSS end mill vc 45–50 m/min. (150 –160 f.p.m.)Depending on radial depth of cut and cutter diameterDrillingHIGH SPEED STEEL TWIST DRILLLP20–P30P10C6–C5C7Coated carbide Coated carbideor cermet––Drill diametermminch– –3/4Cuttingspeed (vc)m/min f.p.m.15–20*15–20*15–20*15–20*Feed 060.006–0.0080.008–0.0100.010–0.014* For coated HSS drill vc 35–40 m/min. (110–130 f.p.m.)CARBIDE DRILLType of drillMillingFACE- AND SQUARE SHOULDER MILLINGMilling with carbideCutting data parametersCutting speed (vc)m/minf.p.m.Feed (fz)mm/toothinch/toothDepth of cut (ap)mminchCarbide designationISOUS8Rough millingFine milling130–180430–590180–220590–720Cutting p1)Cuttingspeed 060–90195–295Feed C5Coated carbideP10C7Coatedcarbideor cermet0.05–0.252)0.10–0.253) 0.15–0.254)0.002–0.012) 0.004–0.013) 0.006–0.014)Drill with replaceable or brazed carbide tipFeed rate for drill diameter 20–40 mm (0.8”–1.6”)3)Feed rate for drill diameter 5–20 mm (0.2”–0.8”)4)Feed rate for drill diameter 10–20 mm (0.4”–0.8”)2)
UDDEHOLM DIEVARMillingCutting datarecommendationsFACE- AND SQUARE SHOULDER MILLINGMilling with carbideThe cutting data below should be consideredas guidelines only. These guidelines must beadapted to local machining conditions.The recommendations, in following tables, arevalid for Uddeholm Dievar hardened and tempered to 44–46 HRC.TurningTurning with carbideCutting dataparametersRough turningFine turning40–60130–19570–90230–295Feed –0.008Depth of cut P30C6–C5Coated carbideP10C7Coated carbideor mixed ceramicCutting speed (vc)m/minf.p.m.Carbide designationISOUSCutting dataparametersRough millingFine .008–0.0160.1–0.20.004–0.008Depth of cut (ap)mminch2–40.08–0.16–2–0.08Carbide designationISOUSP20–P40C6–C5Cutting speed (vc)m/minf.p.m.Feed (fz)mm/toothinch/toothEND MILLINGType of millingCutting ghspeed steelTiCN coatedCuttingspeed �1016–33Feed (fz)mm/toothinch/toothDrillingHIGH SPEED STEEL TWIST DRILL (TICN COATED)Drill diametermminch– –3/4Cuttingspeed (vc)m/min ��20Feed 0.012Type of drillCuttingspeed (vc)m/minf.p.m.Feed 95–260Carbidetip1)40–50130–1600.10–0.253) 0.15–0.254)0.05–0.252)0.002–0.012) 0.004–0.013) 0.006–0.014)Drill with replaceable or brazed carbide tipFeed rate for drill diameter 20–40 mm (0.8”–1.6”)3)Feed rate for drill diameter 5–20 mm (0.2”–0.8”)4)Feed rate for drill diameter 10–20 mm (0.4”–0.8”)2)P10–P20C6–C5––Depending on radial depth of cut and cutter diameterGrindingWHEEL RECOMMENDATIONType of 51)0.003–0.0081) 0.002–0.0141)A general grinding wheel recommendation isgiven below. More information can be found inthe Uddeholm publication “Grinding of ToolSteel”.CARBIDE DRILLCutting esignationISOUS1)mm/rP10C7Coated carbideCoated carbideor cermetFace grindingstraight wheelFace grindingsegmentsCylindrical grindingInternal grindingProfile grindingSoft annealedconditionHardenedconditionA 46 HVA 46 HVA 24 GVA 46 LVA 46 JVA 100 LVA 36 GVA 60 KVA 60 IVA 120 JV9
UDDEHOLM DIEVARFurther informationElectrical DischargeMachining—EDMFollowing the EDM process, the applicable diesurfaces are covered with a resolidified layer(white layer) and a rehardened and untempered layer, both of which are very brittle andhence detrimental to die performance. If EDMis used the white layer must be completelyremoved mechanically by grinding or stoning.After the finish machining the tool should alsothen begiven an additional temper at approx.25 C (50 F) below the highest previous tempering temperature.Further information is given in the Uddeholm brochure “EDM of Tool Steel”.WeldingWelding of die components can be performed,with acceptable results, as long as the properprecautions are taken during the preparationof the joint, the filler material selection, thepreheating of the die, the controlled cooling ofthe die and the post weld heat treatmentprocesses. The following guidelines summarizethe most important welding process parameters.For more detailed information refer to theUddeholm brochure “Welding of Tool Steel”.Welding methodTIGMMA325–375 C(620–710 F)325–375 C(620–710 F)Filler metalsDIEVAR TIG-WeldQRO 90 TIG-WeldQRO 90 WeldMaximuminterpasstemperature475 C(880 F)475 C(880 F)Preheatingtemperature*Post weldingcoolingHardnessafter welding20–40 C/h (35–70 F/h) for the first2–3 hours and then freely in air.48–53 HRC48–53 HRCHeat treatment after weldingHardenedconditionSoft annealedconditionTemper 10–20 C (20–40 F) belowthe highest previous temperingtemperature.Soft-anneal the material at 850 C(1560 F) in protected atmosphere.Then cool in the furnace at 10 C(20 F) per hour to 600 C (1110 F)then freely in air.* Preheating temperature must be established throughoutthe die and must be maintained for the entirity of thewelding process, to prevent weld cracking10Please contact your local Uddeholm office forfurther information on the selection, heattreatment, application and availability of Uddeholm tool steels.
Network of excellenceUDDEHOLM is present on every continent. This ensures youhigh-quality Swedish tool steel and local support wherever youare. ASSAB is our exclusive sales channel, representing Uddeholmin the Asia Pacific area. Together we secure our position as theworld’s leading supplier of tooling materials.www.assab.comwww.uddeholm.com
UDDEHOLM 120310. / 15. 200 / STROKIRK KNAPPEN 06.2015UDDEHOLM is the world’s leading supplier of tooling materials. Thisis a position we have reached by improving our customers’ everydaybusiness. Long tradition combined with research and product development equips Uddeholm to solve any tooling problem that may arise.It is a challenging process, but the goal is clear – to be your number onepartner and tool steel provider.Our presence on every continent guarantees you the same high qualitywherever you are. ASSAB is our exclusive sales channel, representingUddeholm in the Asia Pacific area. Together we secure our positionas the world’s leading supplier of tooling materials. We act worldwide,so there is always an Uddeholm or ASSAB representative close at handto give local advice and support. For us it is all a matter of trust –in long-term partnerships as well as in developing new products.Trust is something you earn, every day.For more information, please visit www.uddeholm.com, www.assab.comor your local website.
refining techniques. The Uddeholm Dievar development has yielded a die steel with the . 46–52 Liners, dummy blocks, stems 46–52 44–52 Part Steel, Aluminium Inserts 44–52 HRC. 4 UDDEHOLM DIEVAR 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 C 210 390 570 750 930 1110 1290 F .
Uddeholm Caldie or Uddeholm Vanadis 4 Extra. APPLICATIONS The properties profile of Uddeholm Sverker 21 combine to give a steel suitable for the manufacture of medium run tooling for applications where abrasive wear is dominant and the risk of chipping or cracking is not so high, e.g. for blanking and forming of thinner, harder work materials.
Vanadis 23, Uddeholm Vancron 40, Uddeholm Vanadis 10, and AISI D2 is shown below. Unnotched impact energy, relative values VANADIS 23 VANCRON 40 VANADIS 10 AISI D2 60 HRC 950 1000 1050 1100 Austenitizing temperature C Uddeholm Vancron 40 can be heat treated to
has better machinability than the tool steel grade AISI D2. One major advantage with Uddeholm Vanadis 4 Extra SuperClean is that the dimen-sional stability after hardening and tempering is much better than for all known high per-formance cold work tool steel. This means, for example, that Uddeholm Vanadis 4 Extra
A VERSATILE TOOL STEEL. The unique properties profile of Uddeholm Caldie include very good weldability, castability, through hardening properties, machinability and grindability. This means that Uddeholm Caldie provides many differ-ent options for eco-nomical toolmaking, tool using and maintenance, especially for larger forming tools.
Uddeholm produce and deliver high quality Swedish tool steel to more than 100,000 customers in over 100 countries. Wherever you are in the manufacturing chain, trust Uddeholm to be your number one partner and tool steel provider for optimal tooling and production economy. CONTENTS. Introduction4 Tool steel fundamentals 5. Tool steel selection 12
Color code Yellow/White This grade has been manufactured to our internal specification guidelines. Applications Bohler-Uddeholm D2 is recommended for tools requiring very high abrasive wear resistance, combined with moderate toughness (shock-resistance). Bohler-Uddeholm D2 can be supplied in various finishes,including the hot-rolled, pre-
Flame and induction hardening Uddeholm Impax Supreme can be flame or induction hardened to a hardness of approx. 50 HRC. Cooling in air is preferable. Further information can be obtained from the Uddeholm Technical Services Report "Flame hardening of Uddeholm Impax Supreme". 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 C
present document. Grade-specific K–12 standards in reading, writing, speaking, listening, and language translate the broad (and, for the earliest grades, seemingly distant) aims of the CCR standards into age- and attainment-appropriate terms. The Standards set requirements not only for English language arts (ELA) but
