UDDEHOLM SVERKER 21 - Ramada
UDDEHOLM SVERKER 21
This information is based on our present state of knowledge and is intended to provide generalnotes on our products and their uses. It should not therefore be construed as a warranty ofspecific properties of the products described or a warranty for fitness for a particular purpose.Classified according to EU Directive 1999/45/ECFor further information see our “Material Safety Data Sheets”.Edition 8, revised 11.2014, not printedThe latest revised edition of this brochure is the English version,which is always published on our web site www.uddeholm.comSS-EN ISO 9001SS-EN ISO 14001
UDDEHOLM SVERKER 21UDDEHOLM SVERKER 21THE BACKBONE OF COLD WORK TOOLINGThe steel grade was developed around 1930 and is still going strong.Ledeburitic 12 % Cr-steel are still the most commonly used tool steelfor cold work tooling all over the world.PROPERTIES PROFILEUddeholm Sverker 21 is a tool steel with very good abrasive wear resistance but with rather limited cracking resistance. Being the bulk grade forcold work applications there are many advantages such as well establishedknow-how concerning all types of treatments and tool processing. Therisk with the popularity is, however, that the grade by routine is used inapplications where the properties profile not is entirely appropriate. Insuch cases normally there are better alternatives like Uddeholm Sleipner,Uddeholm Caldie or Uddeholm Vanadis 4 Extra.APPLICATIONSThe properties profile of Uddeholm Sverker 21 combine to give a steelsuitable for the manufacture of medium run tooling for applications whereabrasive wear is dominant and the risk of chipping or cracking is not sohigh, e.g. for blanking and forming of thinner, harder work materials.3
UDDEHOLM SVERKER 21GeneralFormingUddeholm Sverker 21 is a high-carbon, highchromium tool steel alloyed with molybdenumand vanadium characterized by: High wear resistance High compressive strength Good through-hardening properties High stability in hardening Good resistance to Mo0.8V0.8StandardspecificationAISI D2, W.-Nr. 1.2379DeliveryconditionSoft annealed to approx. 210 HBColour codeYellow/whiteUddeholm Sverker 21 is recommended fortools requiring very high wear resistance, combined with moderate toughness (shock-resistance). In addition to the applications listed inthe product information brochure for Uddeholm Sverker 3, it is used when cutting thicker,harder materials; when forming with toolssubjected to bending stresses and where highimpact loads are involved.Uddeholm Sverker 21 can be supplied invarious finishes, including the hot-rolled, premachined and fine machined condition. It isalso available in the form of hollow bar andrings.Tools for:Blanking, fine-blanking,punching, cropping,shearing, trimming,clippingTools for:Bending, forming, deep-drawing,rim-rolling, spinning and flow-formingCoining diesCold extrusion diesPunchesTube- and section forming rolls; plain rollsTools for powder compactionDies for moulding of:Ceramics, bricks, tiles, grinding wheels,tablets, abrasive plasticsThread-rolling diesCold-heading toolsCrushing hammersSwaging toolsMandrels for cold drawing of tubesGauges, measuring tools, guide rails,bushes, sleeves, knurling tools,sandblast nozzlesMaterialthicknessMaterialHardness (HB) 180 180HRCHRC 3 mm (1/8") 60–623–6 mm(1/8–1/4")58–6058–6054–56Short, cold shears. Shredding knives forwaste plastics. Granulator knives56–60Circular shears58–60Clipping, trimming toolsfor forgingsWood milling cutters, reamers, 58–62HotCold58–6056–58Physical dataHardened and tempered to 62 HRC. Data atambient temperature and elevated temperatures.Temperature20 C(68 F)200 C(390 F)400 C(750 F)Density, kg/m3lbs/in37 7000,2777 6500,2767 6000,275––12.3 x 10-66.8 x 10-6––––11.2 x 10-66.2 x 10-612 x 10-66.7 x 10-6Thermal conductivityW/m CBtu in/ft2 h F20,013921,014623,0159Modulus of elasticityMPaksi210 00030 450200 00029 000180 00026 1004600.110––––Coefficient of thermalexpansion– at low temperaturetemperingper C from 20 Cper F from 68 F– at high temperaturetemperingper C from 20 Cper F from 68 FSpecific heatJ/kg CBtu/lb FCompressive strengthThe figures are to be considered as onsCuttingHRCCompressive yield strength, Rc0,2MPaksi2200215019001650319312276239
UDDEHOLM SVERKER 21Heat treatmentHARDNESS AS A FUNCTION OFAUSTENITIZING TEMPERATUREsoft annealingProtect the steel and heat through to 850 C(1560 F). Then cool in the furnace at 10 C(20 F) per hour to 650 C (1200 F), then freelyin air.Stress-relievingAfter rough machining the tool should beheated through to 650 C (1200 F), holdingtime 2 hours. Cool slowly to 500 C (930 F),then freely in air.HardeningPreheating temperature: 650–750 C (1110–1290 F).Austenitizing temperature: 990–1080 C(1810–1975 F) but usually 1000–1040 C(1830–1905 F).Temperature C F990101010301080Soaking* timeminutesHardness beforetempering60453030approx. 63 HRCapprox. 64 HRCapprox. 65 HRCapprox. 64 HRC1815185018851975* Soaking time time at austenitizing temperature after thetool is fully heated throughProtect the part against decarburization andoxidation during hardening.Grain sizeASTM Hardness, HRCRetained austenite %10 70Grain size9 68408 667 6462306605582045635410252Retained austenite150960 980 1000 1020 1040 1060 1080 C1760 1800 1830 1870 1900 1940 1975 FAustenitizing temperatureTemperingChoose the tempering temperature accordingto the hardness required by reference to thetempering graph. Temper twice with intermediate cooling to room temperature. Lowesttempering temperature 180 C (360 F). Holdingtime at temperature minimum 2 hours.TEMPERING GRAPHHardness HRC70Austenitizing temp.651050 C (1920 F)Retained austenite %1080 C (1975 F)60255550Quenching media Oil (Only very simple geometries)Vacuum (high speed gas)Forced air/gasMartempering bath or fluidized bed at 180–500 C (360–930 F), then cooling in airNote: Temper the tool as soon as its temperature reaches 50–70 C (120–160 F). UddeholmSverker 21 hardens through in all standardsizes.20Retained austenite 1080 C (1975 F)4515401035530100210200300400390570750Tempering temperatureHardness HRC70Austenitizing temp.65500930600 C1110 FRetained austenite %1020 C (1870 F)990 C (1815 F)60552550201545Retained austenite 1020 C (1870 F)The tempering curves are obtained after heat treatment of samples with a size of 15 x 15 x 40 mm, cooling in forced air.Lower hardness can be expected after heat treatment oftools and dies due to factors like actual tool size and heattreatment ing temperature500930600 C1110 F5
UDDEHOLM SVERKER 21Dimensional changesafter hardening and temperingSub-zero treatmentHeat treatment: Austenitizing temperature1020 C (1870 F), 30 minutes, cooling invacuum equipment with 2 bar overpressure.Tempering at various temperatures 2 x 2 hours.Sample, 80 x 80 x 80 mm.Dimensional changes % 0.20 0.15 0.10Length1020 C (1870 F) 0.050Width1020 C (1870 F)-0.05Pieces requiring maximum dimensional stabilityshould be sub-zero treated, as volume changesmay occur in the course of time. This applies,for example, to measuring tools like gauges andcertain structural components.Immediately after quenching the pieceshould be sub-zero treated to between -70and -80 C (-95 to -110 F)—soaking time3–4 hours— followed by tempering. Sub-zerotreatment will give a hardness increase of1–3 HRC. Avoid intricate shapes as there willbe risk of cracking.Aging occurs at 110–140 C during 25–100 hours.-0.10Thickness1020 C(1870 F)-0.15-0.20200390250480300350 400 450570660 750 840Tempering temperatureNitriding and nitrocarburizing500930550 C1020 FNote: Recommended machining allowance 0.15%.Nitriding will give a hard surface layer which isvery resistant to wear and erosion, and alsoincreases corrosion resistance. A temperatureof 525 C (975 F) gives a surface hardness ofapprox. 1250 HV1.Nitriding temperatureDepth of caseNitriding timeapprox. C 00.0120.0142 hours Nitrocarburizing at 570 C (1060 F)gives a surface hardness of approx. 950 HV1.The casedepth having this hardness will be10–20 µm (0.0004"–0.0008"). The figuresrefers to hardened and tempered material.Progressive tool.6
UDDEHOLM SVERKER 21MillingMachiningThe cutting data below are to be consideredas guiding values which must be adapted toexisting local conditions.Turningwith carbideTurningwith highspeed steelRough turning Fine turning Fine turningCutting dataparametersCuttingspeed (vc)m/min.f.p.m.100–150328–492Feed 01612–1540–500.05–0.20.05–0.30.002–0.008 0.002–0.0122–60.08–0.20Carbidedesignation ISOK15–K20*–2–0.08K15–K20*–DrillingFine 40.008–0.0160.1–0.20.004–0.008Depth of cut. (ap)mminch2–40.08–0.16–2–0.08Carbide designation, ISOK20, P20*K20, P20*Feed, (fz)mm/toothin/tooth* Use a wear resistant Al2O3 coated carbide gradeDrill diameter Cutting speed (vc)mminchm/minf.p.m.–3/163/16–3/83/8 –5/85/8 �40*30–40*30–40*mm/rType of millingCutting gh speedsteelCuttingspeed 12–171)40–561)Feed (fz)mm/toothin/toothHIGH SPEED STEEL TWIST DRILLSFeed 0.014* For coated HSS drill vc 18–20 m/min. (59–66 f.p.m.)CARBIDE )0.05–0.352)0.001–0.0082) 0.003–0.0082) 0.002–0.0142)–K15–K203)–1) Forcoated HSS end mill vc 25–30 m/min. (82–98 f.p.m.)on radial depth of cut and cutter diameter3) Use a Al O coated carbide grade2 32) DependingGrindingType of drillCutting p1)Cuttingspeed .254)0.002–0.0102) 0.004–0.0103) 0.006–0.0104)Drill with replaceable or brazed carbide tipFeed rate for drill diameter 20–40 mm (0.8”–1.6”)3)Feed rate for drill diameter 5–20 mm (0.2”–0.8”)4)Feed rate for drill diameter 10–20 mm (0.4”–0.8”)2)Rough milling–2–0.08* Use a wear resistant Al2O3 coated carbide grade1)Cutting data parametersEND MILLINGDepth ofcut (ap)mminchFeed (f)mm/ri.p.r.Milling with carbideCutting speed, E AND SQUARE SHOULDER FACE MILLINGGeneral grinding wheel recommendations aregiven below. More information can be found inthe Uddeholm publication “Grinding of ToolSteel”.Type of grindingFace grindingstraight wheelFace grindingsegmentsWheel recommendationSoft annealedHardenedconditionconditionA 46 HVA 24 GVCylindricalgrindingInternal grindingA 46 KVProfile grindingA 100 LV1)2)A 46 JVB151 R75 B31)A 46 GV2)3SG 36 HVS2)A 36 GVB126 R75 B31)A 60 KV2)B126 R75 B31)A 60 HVB126 R100 B61)A 120 JV2)If possible use CBN wheels for this applicationPreferable a wheel type containing sintered Al2O37
UDDEHOLM SVERKER 21WeldingGood results when welding tool steel can beachieved if proper precautions are takenduring welding (elevated working temperature,joint preparation, choice of consumables andwelding procedure). If the tool is to be polished or photo-etched, it is necessary to workwith an electrode type of matching W)200–250 CTIG200–250 CConsumablesInconel625-typeUTP 67SCastolinEutecTrode 2CastolinEutecTrode 6Inconel625-typeUTPA 73G2UTPA 67SUTPA 696CastoTig45303WElectrical-dischargemachiningIf spark-erosion, EDM, is performed in thehardened and tempered condition, the toolshould then be given an additional temper atapprox. 25 C (50 F) below the previoustempering temperature.Further information can be obtained fromthe Uddeholm brochure “EDM of tool steel”.Hardnessafter welding280 HB55–58 HRC56–60 HRC59–61 HRC280 HB53–56 HRC55–58 HRC60–64 HRCFurther informationContact your local Uddeholm office forfurther information on the selection, heattreatment, application and availability of Uddeholm tool steel, including the publications“Steel for Cold Work Tooling”.60–64 HRCRelative comparisonof Uddeholm cold work tool steelMaterial properties and resistance to failure mechanismsResistance toHardness/UddeholmgradeARNECALMAXCALDIE (ESR)RIGORSLEIPNERSVERKER 21SVERKER 3VANADIS 4EXTRAVANADIS 6VANADIS 10VANADIS 23VANCRON 408Resistanceto onstabilityAbrasivewearAdhesivewearFatigue cracking resistanceDuctility/Toughness/resistance togrosschippingcracking
UDDEHOLM SVERKER 21ELECTRIC ARCFURNACEUPHILL CASTINGHEATTREATMENTROLLING MILLFORGINGMACHININGSTOCKThe ConventionalTool Steel ProcessThe starting material for our tool steel is carefully selected from high quality recyclable steel. Together withferroalloys and slag formers, the recyclable steel is meltedin an electric arc furnace. The molten steel is then tappedinto a ladle.The de-slagging unit removes oxygen-rich slag andafter the de-oxidation, alloying and heating of the steelbath are carried out in the ladle furnace. Vacuum degassing removes elements such as hydrogen, nitrogen andsulphur.In uphill casting the prepared moulds are filled with acontrolled flow of molten steel from the ladle. From this,the steel goes directly to our rolling mill or to the forgingpress to be formed into round or flat bars.HEAT TREATMENTPrior to delivery all of the different bar materials aresubjected to a heat treatment operation, either as softannealing or hardening and tempering. These operationsprovide the steel with the right balance between hardness and toughness.MACHININGBefore the material is finished and put into stock, we alsorough machine the bar profiles to required size and exacttolerances.In the lathe machining of large dimensions, the steelbar rotates against a stationary cutting tool. In peeling ofsmaller dimensions, the cutting tools revolve around thebar.To safeguard our quality and guarantee the integrity ofthe tool steel we perform both surface- and ultrasonicinspections on all bars. We then remove the bar ends andany defects found during the inspection.9
UDDEHOLM SVERKER 2110
Network of excellenceUDDEHOLM is present on every continent. This ensuresyou high-quality Swedish tool steel and local support whereveryou are. ASSAB is our exclusive sales channel, representingUddeholm in various parts of the world. Together we secureour position as the world’s leading supplier of tooling materials.www.assab.comwww.uddeholm.com
UDDEHOLM 130703.150 / STROKIRK KNAPPEN 1307UDDEHOLM is the world’s leading supplier of tooling materials. Thisis a position we have reached by improving our customers’ everydaybusiness. Long tradition combined with research and product development equips Uddeholm to solve any tooling problem that may arise.It is a challenging process, but the goal is clear – to be your number onepartner and tool steel provider.Our presence on every continent guarantees you the same high qualitywherever you are. ASSAB is our exclusive sales channel, representingUddeholm in various parts of the world. Together we secure ourposition as the world’s leading supplier of tooling materials. We actworldwide, so there is always an Uddeholm or ASSAB representativeclose at hand to give local advice and support. For us it is all a matter oftrust – in long-term partnerships as well as in developing new products.Trust is something you earn, every day.For more information, please visit www.uddeholm.com, www.assab.comor your local website.
Uddeholm Caldie or Uddeholm Vanadis 4 Extra. APPLICATIONS The properties profile of Uddeholm Sverker 21 combine to give a steel suitable for the manufacture of medium run tooling for applications where abrasive wear is dominant and the risk of chipping or cracking is not so high, e.g. for blanking and forming of thinner, harder work materials.
g GE Energy Services Programma Products SVERKER 750/760 SVERKER 750 /760 SVERKER 750/760 , la caja de herramientas para ensayos de los ingenieros.El panel de control, de configuración lógica, resultará familiar para los usuarios del SVERKER 650 y les permitirá comenzar a trabajar inmediatamente.
You can also test three-phase protection that can be tested one phase at a time, and also a number of protective relay systems that require phase shifting. Moreover, automatic reclosing devices can be tested. SVERKER 780 can test voltage relays with a frequency range from 15 Hz up tp 550 Hz. Examples of what SVERKER can test ANSI No.
Vanadis 23, Uddeholm Vancron 40, Uddeholm Vanadis 10, and AISI D2 is shown below. Unnotched impact energy, relative values VANADIS 23 VANCRON 40 VANADIS 10 AISI D2 60 HRC 950 1000 1050 1100 Austenitizing temperature C Uddeholm Vancron 40 can be heat treated to
has better machinability than the tool steel grade AISI D2. One major advantage with Uddeholm Vanadis 4 Extra SuperClean is that the dimen-sional stability after hardening and tempering is much better than for all known high per-formance cold work tool steel. This means, for example, that Uddeholm Vanadis 4 Extra
refining techniques. The Uddeholm Dievar development has yielded a die steel with the . 46–52 Liners, dummy blocks, stems 46–52 44–52 Part Steel, Aluminium Inserts 44–52 HRC. 4 UDDEHOLM DIEVAR 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 C 210 390 570 750 930 1110 1290 F .
A VERSATILE TOOL STEEL. The unique properties profile of Uddeholm Caldie include very good weldability, castability, through hardening properties, machinability and grindability. This means that Uddeholm Caldie provides many differ-ent options for eco-nomical toolmaking, tool using and maintenance, especially for larger forming tools.
Uddeholm produce and deliver high quality Swedish tool steel to more than 100,000 customers in over 100 countries. Wherever you are in the manufacturing chain, trust Uddeholm to be your number one partner and tool steel provider for optimal tooling and production economy. CONTENTS. Introduction4 Tool steel fundamentals 5. Tool steel selection 12
An API (US) nationally adopted standard, either modified from or identical to the ISO standard, may include the API Monogram Program requirements. This shall be noted on the front cover as to be evident to the reader. Both modified and identical adoptions which include the API Monogram should be designated as follows: API Title . ANSI/API XX . Edition, Month/Year . Effective Date: (minimum of .
