Hinduism: Founded By The Aryan Invaders Of India

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Outlining the Thematic Essay:A Collaborative Project byBarbara AmmiratoElizabeth NappTheme: ReligionThere are a variety of belief systems practiced throughout the world today. Manyof these beliefs have developed massive followings, and as a result, have had aconsiderable amount of influence on culture in the areas where they are practiced.Task:Choose two belief systems from your study of global history, and for each one: Identify the nation or region where it was founded. Describe two basic teachings of the belief system. Discuss how the belief system has influenced the culture of the areas in whichit is currently practiced.Belief System:Hinduism:Founded by theAryan Invadersof IndiaTwo Beliefs: The Caste System:Hindus believe in afixed social classsystem known asthe caste system. AHindu is born intohis caste and mustremain in his castea lifetime. Dharma: Hindusbelieve that eachcaste has its ownrules or dharma.It is a Hindu’sdharma to marryin his caste.Two Beliefs: Monotheism:Islam: Foundedby Muhammadin Mecca, ArabiaMuhammad preacheda belief in one God ormonotheism. Muslims or thefollowers of Islammust pray five times aday facing the holycity of Mecca.Influence on Culture:By believing in caste anddharma, Hindu societyrestricts interactionamong caste members.Caste members mustmarry in their castes.Caste members frequentlyeat food only prepared byfellow caste members.People who belong to nocaste are calleduntouchables. In the past,untouchables werediscriminated against.Though thisdiscrimination is illegaltoday, untouchables stillface poor treatment.Influence on Culture:The religion of Islamunited the Muslimswith its beliefs in oneGod, prayer,pilgrimage to Mecca,the Arabic language,and Koran (the holybook of Islam).

Muslims cannot drinkalcohol or eat pork.

Outlining the Thematic Essay:A Collaborative Project byBarbara AmmiratoElizabeth NappTheme: Global ProblemsThroughout history, geographic features can positively or negatively affectthe development of a nation or region.Task: Select one geographic feature from your study of global history: Explain how this geographic feature has had an effect on the historicaldevelopment of two nations or regions.Geographic Feature:River ValleyNile River Valley: The annualflooding of the NileRiver led to fertilesoil and irrigation. Fertile soil andirrigation allowedfor agriculturalsurplus. As a result ofsurplus, theEgyptiansdeveloped one ofhumanity’s earliestcivilizations. The Egyptiansdevelopedhieroglyphics,pyramids, andgeometry.Tigris and EuphratesRiver Valley: The violentflooding of therivers led to abelief that thegods weredemanding andangry. However, theflooding riversled to fertile soiland irrigation. The Sumeriansdevelopedcuneiform. The Sumeriansdeveloped anearlycivilization.

Outlining the Thematic Essay:A Collaborative Project byBarbara AmmiratoElizabeth NappTheme: Geography eographic factors have influenced historical developments and historical eventsGof nations and regions.Task:Choose two nations and/or regions and for each: Identify and describe two geographic factors in each nation and/or region Explain how each factor has influenced the historical development or aspecific historical event in each nation and/or regionNation andGeographic Factors:India:MonsoonsHimalayasNation andGeographic Factors:Japan:ArchipelagoLack of NaturalResourcesDescription of TwoGeographic Factors: Monsoons arewinds that bringrains. The Himalayasare mountainswith passes.Description of TwoGeographic Factors: Japan is a seriesof islands or anarchipelago. Japan has fewnaturalresources andlacks arableland or goodfarmland.How the Factors HaveInfluenced the Nation: Monsoonsprovide waterfor farming. The passesallowed culturaldiffusion tooccur.How the Factors HaveInfluenced the Nation: The islandsallowed theJapanese toengage infishing. The Japanesemust importnaturalresources tomakemanufacturedgoods.

Outlining the Thematic Essay:A Collaborative Project byBarbara AmmiratoElizabeth NappTheme: Geography and Society At various times in global history, human activity has altered or changed the landpeople live on and their surrounding environment. These changes in physicalgeography have affected society.Task: Select TWO changes that a society or two different societies have made to theirland or surrounding and for each change: Identify the society in which the change took place Describe how the physical environment was changed by humanactivity Discuss how the change in the physical environment affectedsocietyThe Incas:The Incas developeda powerful empire onthe Andes mountainsof South America.They were able toaccomplish thisbecause they changedthe physicalenvironment to meettheir imperial needs.Changes to thePhysicalEnvironment: TerraceFarming:The Incas usedterrace farming totransformmountainous landinto farmland. Roads:The Incas builtroads on themountains toconnect their vastempire.How the changesaffected the society: Terrace farmingled toagriculturalsurplus. Thisallowed theIncas tomaintain a largepopulation. By connectingtheir vastempire, theIncas controlledthe diverseconqueredsubjects.

Outlining the Thematic Essay:A Collaborative Project byBarbara AmmiratoElizabeth NappTheme: Change – Turning PointsPolitical, economic, and social conditions have often led to turning points that havechanged the course of history for nations and peoples.Task:Identify two turning points from your study of global history and for each: Describe the causes and key events that led to the turning point Explain how each turning point changed the course of history for nationsand peoplesTurning Points:The NeolithicRevolutionThe Fall of RomeCauses: The flooding ofrivers led to fertilesoil. Rivers alsoprovided water forirrigation. People learned todomesticate plantsand animals. Barbarianinvasionsweakened theempire. High taxes,inflation,unemployment andcorrupt leadersweakened theempire.How Each TurningPoint Changed theCourse of History: The developmentof agricultureallowed people tosettle. Successfulagriculture led toagriculturalsurpluses. Surpluses allowedto performdifferent jobs orspecialization. Agriculturalsurplus led to therise of cities. The centralgovernment of theRoman Empirewas replaced byhundreds of smallkingdoms. This led to thedevelopment offeudalism.

Outlining the Thematic Essay:A Collaborative Project byBarbara AmmiratoElizabeth NappTheme: Science and TechnologyScience and technology have played a critical role in altering the course of humanhistory.Task: Identify two scientific or technological advances that had a major impact onglobal history. Explain the relationship between the scientific or technological advance anda specific historic event or period in history. Analyze how these advances changed the course of historyScientific orTechnologicalAdvance:The Developmentof AgricultureThe PrintingPressThe Relationshipbetween the Advanceand History:How the AdvanceChanged the Course ofHistory: During theNeolithicRevolution, somepeople learned todomesticateplants. Thisallowed people tofarm. Farming led to asettled lifestyle.The development ofagriculture led to the riseof civilization. Byfarming, people settled inone location. Successfulagriculture led to foodsurpluses. This allowedspecialization to occur.People could performdifferent jobs. Writing,cities, and governmentswere characteristics ofcivilizations. The printing presswas invented byJohann Gutenbergduring theRenaissance. It allowed books tobe manufacturedfaster and cheaper. Gutenberg’s printingpress led to books beingprinted faster andcheaper. This led to thespread of knowledge. Bylowering the price ofbooks and increasing thesupply of books, morepeople could afford books.People had access to a

wide variety of opinionsand ideas.

Identify the nation or region where it was founded. Describe two basic teachings of the belief system. Discuss how the belief system has influenced the culture of the areas in which it is currently practiced. Belief System: Hinduism: Founded by the Aryan Invaders of India Two Beliefs:

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