MYANMAR AGRICULTURAL SECTOR REVIEW AND INVESTMENT STRATEGY .
MYANMARAGRICULTURAL SECTOR REVIEW AND INVESTMENT STRATEGYVOLUME 2: AGRICULTURAL SECTOR INVESTMENT STRATEGYCONTENTSCurrency Equivalents, Abbreviations and AcronymsSECTION 1: INVESTMENT STRATEGY1. INTRODUCTION .12. VISION, GOALS AND DEVELOPMENT THEMES.3Key Development Themes .4Supporting Rural Development through a System-Wide Approach .4Continuing the Transition from Central Planning to Locally DeterminedPriorities .6Redefining the Role of the State in the Rural Economy.73. SOCIAL AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT .9Vision .9Goals .9Potentials .11Constraints to an Enabling Environment .12Social and Community Development Strategies.13Policy and Institutional Development for Rural Poverty Reduction .13Improving the Availability of Rural Socio-Economic Data.14Strengthening of Local Capacity for Community-Based Development .15Financing Community-Based Development.16Sub-Sector Investment Profiles and Costs .174. CROP PRODUCTION INVESTMENT STRATEGY .19Vision .19Opportunities .19Potentials and Constraints to Expanded Crop Production .20Intensification.20Diversification .21Area Expansion.22Crop-Based Development Strategies .22Policy Issues.23Institutional Strengthening Issues.23Specific Proposed Investments .24Sub-Sector Investment Profiles and Costs .26
MYANMAR: Agricultural Sector Review and Investment StrategyVolume 2: Agricultural Sector Investment Strategy5. LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION INVESTMENT STRATEGY .27Opportunities and Constraints to Livestock Development.27Regulatory Environment and Information Support for the Sector .27Disease Control Capability .27Credit for Livestock Production.27Livestock Extension Capability .28Milk Collection and Artificial Insemination .28Strategy for Livestock Development.29Key Development Priorities.31Sub-Sector Investment Profiles and Costs .326. FISHERIES INVESTMENT STRATEGY.33Vision for the Fisheries Sector.33Opportunities and Potentials.33Constraints to Fisheries Development .34Strategy for Fisheries Development.35Priorities for Fisheries Development in Myanmar .35Phasing and Implementation .36Short-Term Actions and Investments (12-18 months) .37Medium-Term Investments (2-4 years) .40Long-Term Investments (5 years or more) .40Sub-Sector Investment Profiles and Costs .417. AGRO-INDUSTRY INVESTMENT STRATEGY .42Background .42A Vision for Agro-Industry in Myanmar.43Constraints to the Development of Agro-Industry.43Policy Constraints to the Development of Agro-Industry.43Institutional Constraints to the Development of Agro-Industry .44Private Sector Constraints to Agro-Industry Development .44Strategy for Agro-Industrial Development .45Support to Policy Analysis and Policy Reform .45Support to Regulatory Reform.46Support to Institutional Reform in the SEE Sector.46Support to Private Sector Marketing and Agro-Industry Development.47Support to Expanded Small-Scale Agricultural Machinery Usage.48Sub-Sector Investment Profiles and Costs .488. IRRIGATION AND WATER RESOURCE INVESTMENT STRATEGY .51Identified Opportunities and Constraints to Pro-Poor Sector Development.51Vision .54Strategy for Irrigation and Water Resource Development .54Objectives and Development Targets .56Sub-Sector Investment Profiles and Costs .58ii
MYANMAR: Agricultural Sector Review and Investment StrategyVolume 2: Agricultural Sector Investment Strategy9. AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION AND EDUCATION INVESTMENTSTRATEGY .59Vision .59Opportunities and Constraints.59Strategy for Research, Extension and Education Development.60Creation of a Unified Institutional Framework for Agricultural Services.60Strengthening and Expansion of Agricultural Education Services.61Expand Improved Seed Production and Availability.62Phasing.63Sub-Sector Investment Profiles and Costs .6310. AGRICULTURAL MARKETING INVESTMENT STRATEGY.64Identified Opportunities and Constraints .64Vision and Strategy .65Development and Investment Priorities .66Specific Development Initiatives .67Assessment of the Impact of Trade Liberalization on Household Incomes andNational Wealth .67Strengthening of Wholesale Market Infrastructure.68Establishment and Enforcement of National Agricultural Marketing Standards68Phasing and Implementation .69Sub-Sector Investment Profiles and Costs .6911. RURAL FINANCIAL SERVICES STRATEGY .70Vision .70Opportunities for Rural Finance .70Constraints to Rural Financial Development .71Proposed Strategy.72Priorities for Rural Finance Development .73Phasing and Implementation of Initiatives .74Short-Term (2004-06).74Medium-Term (2006-09) .75Long-Term (2009-15).77Sub-Sector Investment Profiles and Costs.7712. SECTOR WIDE STRATEGY AND INITIATIVES.79Common Strategic Elements .79Assessment and Review of Current Policies.79Institutional Strengthening and Reorientation .80Focus on those with Limited Access to Resources .80Improving Rural Financial Services .81The Central Role of Local Communities .81Markets and Household Income Generation .81Pilot Implementation Programmes .82Summary of Proposed Interventions .82Phasing of Interventions and Their Costs .85Implementation Priorities.86iii
MYANMAR: Agricultural Sector Review and Investment StrategyVolume 2: Agricultural Sector Investment StrategySECTION 2: SUB-SECTOR INVESTMENT PROFILES1. SOCIAL AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROFILES .88Profile 1: Rural Poverty Reduction Policy and Institutional Development .88Profile 2: The Establishment of Rural Socio-Economic Database and Expansion ofGIS Information .92Profile 3: Strengthening of Local Capacity for Community-Based Development .96Profile 4: Establishment of a National Community Based Development Fund.99Total Indicative Sub-Sector Investment Costs.1022. CROP PRODUCTION PROFILES .103Profile 1. Cultivable Waste Land Reclamation and Re-Distribution Programme.103Profile 2: Dryland Area Development and Natural Resource Conservation andManagement.107Profile 3: Study of the National Crop Production Planning and Management Processand Directed Cropping.111Profile 4: Expanded Production and Utilisation of Improved Seed in the AgriculturalSector .113Profile 5: Horticultural Export Industry Development Study .118Total Indicative Sub-Sector Investment Costs.1193. LIVESTOCK INVESTMENT PROFILES .121Profile 1: Review of Livestock Sub-Sector Regulations and Policy .121Profile 2: Strengthening of National Disease Control Capability .124Profile 3: Expansion of Artificial Insemination Programmes and Support for SmallHolder Dairy Development.127Profile 4: Establishment of a Village-Based Newcastle Disease Programme.134Total Indicative Sub-Sector Investment Costs.1374. FISHERIES INVESTMENT PROFILES.139Profile 1: Institutional Strengthening of the Department of Fisheries .139Profile 2: Support for the Transformation of Local Fisheries to Community-BasedManagement.144Profile 3: Incorporation of Small-Scale Fish Ponds into Farming Systems inMyanmar .149Total Indicative Sub-Sector Investment Costs.1545. AGRO-INDUSTRY INVESTMENT PROFILES .155Profile 1: Support to Policy Analysis and Policy Reform .155Profile 2: Support to Institutional Reform in the SOE Sector .160Profile 3: Support to Private Sector Agribusiness Network Development .165Profile 4: Support to Small Scale Agricultural Mechanization.169Total Indicative Sub-Sector Investment Costs.173iv
MYANMAR: Agricultural Sector Review and Investment StrategyVolume 2: Agricultural Sector Investment Strategy6. IRRIGATION AND WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT INVESTMENTPROFILES.174Profile 1: Irrigation Management Policy Development .174Profile 2: Irrigation Modernization and Expansion Programme .178Profile 3: Small-Scale Irrigation and Water Management Programme .182Profile 4: Capacity Building in Irrigation and Water Resource Management.185Total Indicative Sub-Sector Investment Costs.1897. AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION AND EDUCATION INVESTMENTPROFILES.190Profile 1: Conceptualization and Establishment of a National Multi-DisciplinaryAgricultural Support Service .190Profile 2: Strengthening of Agriculture Education .196Total Indicative Sub-Sector Investment Costs.2018. AGRICULTURAL MARKETING INVESTMENT PROFILES.202Profile 1: Support for Agricultural Marketing Policy Reassessment.202Profile 2: Strengthening of Wholesale Marketing Infrastructure .205Profile 3: Establishment of National Agricultural Marketing Standards.209Total Indicative Sub-Sector Investment Costs.2149. RURAL FINANCIAL SERVICES INVESTMENT PROFILES .215Profile 1: Building Understanding of Rural and Microfinance .215Profile 2: Diagnostic Study and Strengthening of Myanma Agricultural DevelopmentBank .218Profile 3: Developing an Enabling Legal, Regulatory, and Supervisory Framework forRural and Microfinance.223Total Indicative Sub-Sector Investment Costs.227MAP:Administrative Boundaries and Communicationsv
MYANMAR: Agricultural Sector Review and Investment StrategyVolume 2: Agricultural Sector Investment StrategyCurrency Equivalents(as of 1 June 2004)Official RateCurrency Kyat (MYK)US 1.00 MYK 6.90MYK1 US 0.145Parallel Market RateMYK 1.00US 1.00 US 0.00106MYK 940Fiscal YearApril 1 – March CARICA
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR REVIEW AND INVESTMENT STRATEGY VOLUME 2: AGRICULTURAL SECTOR INVESTMENT STRATEGY . FDI Foreign Direct Investment . community is likely to resume investment in the country. The availability of a comprehensive
Myanmar language. · Moreover, it translated laws into English and published in three volumes as "Myanmar Laws( 1988-1989)", "Myanmar Laws( 1997)" and "Myanmar Laws( 1998-1999)". This issue "Myanmar Laws(2000)" is the·con inuation of the publication mentioned above. "Myanmar Laws(1990)"
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square miles, Myanmar is the largest country in mainland Southeast Asia. The stunning Shwedagon Pagoda is said to house strands of Buddha's hair and many other holy relics. There are more than 10,000 Buddhist temples, pagodas, and monasteries in the Mandalay region of Myanmar. Myanmar 8 Teach English in Myanmar premiertefi.com
very labour-intensive industry in Myanmar; most agricultural activities are carried out manually with low levels of mechanization, which results in low productivity and agricultural output and, consequently, low agricultural wages and farm profits. A farmer in Myanmar only earns about 1.80– 2.50 per day in monsoon season
well as other Myanmar-based institutions which can provide information and support on human rights due diligence, and insights into the links between the military, government and private sector. Institutions such as the Myanmar Centre for Responsible Business and SMART Myanmar provide support on social responsibility. Local trade unions and
Source: World Development Indicators, World Bank; Enterprise Survey-Myanmar 2016, World Bank As discussed further in Section 3 below, regional peers have also advanced further toward financial inclusion goals than Myanmar. Part of what holds Myanmar back on this front is the enduring informality of financial activity in the country.
Myanmar military and the state more broadly, Myanmar’s longstanding hostility toward and fear of foreign domination, the fragile and sometimes hostile relations between the state and some of Myanmar’s ethnic groups, and the large and increasing role that China and Chinese prod
A-Level Business Studies Question and Answers 2020/2021 All copyright and publishing rights are owned by S-cool. First created in 2000 and updated in 2013, 2015 & 2020. 2 Contents People in the Workplace (Questions) . 3 People in the Workplace (Answers) . 4 Budgeting, Costing and Investment (Questions). 6 Budgeting, Costing and Investment (Answers) . 7 Business Objectives and .
