Japanese 1
Japanese 1Reading Booklet&Culture Notes
Japanese 1Travelers should always check withtheir nation's State Department forcurrent advisories on local conditionsbefore traveling abroad.Third EditionBooklet Design: Maia KennedyFalcon Font (optional characters): Hayato Kirikaze and ‰ Recorded Program 2002 Simon & Schuster, Inc. Reading Booklet 2015 Simon & Schuster, Inc.Pimsleur is an imprint of Simon & Schuster Audio,a division of Simon & Schuster, Inc. Mfg. in USA.All rights reserved.ii
Japanese 1ACKNOWLEDGMENTSVoicesEnglish-Speaking Instructor. Ray BrownJapanese-Speaking Instructor. Makoto TakenakaFemale Japanese Speaker. Kimiko Ise AbramoffMale Japanese Speaker. Tsunenori “Lee” AbeCourse WritersKimiko Ise Abramoff Beverly D. HeinleHiragana Readings WritersKimiko Ise Abramoff Liz HorberNotes AuthorDr. Akira MiyaharaEditorsMary E. Green Miho HirohashiProducer & DirectorSarah H. McInnisRecording EngineersPeter S. Turpin Kelly SauxSimon & Schuster Studios, Concord, MAiii
Japanese 1Table of ContentsIntroduction. 1Lesson One . 7Lesson Two . 8Lesson Three . 9Lesson Four . 10Lesson Five . 11Lesson Six . 12Lesson Seven . 13Lesson Eight . 14Lesson Nine . 15Lesson Ten . 16Lesson Eleven . 17Lesson Twelve . 18Lesson Thirteen . 19Lesson Fourteen . 20Lesson Fifteen . 21Lesson Sixteen . 22Lesson Seventeen . 23Lesson Eighteen . 24Lesson Nineteen . 25Lesson Twenty . 26iv
Japanese 1IntroductionThe Japanese language has three distinctivewriting systems: kanji, hiragana, and katakana.KanjiIn early Japan, Japanese was a spoken languageonly and there was no writing system. China,however, had already developed a sophisticatedwriting system based on symbols called hanzi. Asearly as the first century, Japanese people had someexposure to these Chinese symbols on coins, officialseals, and other decorative items imported fromChina. Like many other Asian countries, Japan adoptedthe Chinese writing system and by the 5th century,Chinese characters began to be used earnestly inJapan. The Japanese called this writing system kanji,which literally means “Chinese characters.”This new writing system created a new literacyfor the Japanese. When the Japanese adopted theChinese writing system, they used the characters torepresent both meaning as well as sound. As a result,in Japan there are two ways to “read” or pronouncea single Chinese character:· on yomi, based on the original Chinesepronunciation,· kun yomi, native Japanese pronunciation.
Japanese 1Many kanji have multiple pronunciations in bothon yomi and kun yomi.How many kanji are there?That depends on various sources. One of the mostcomprehensive dictionaries contains approximately85,000 characters, but only an estimated 7,000 aresaid to be in daily use. Today in Japan, a kanji dictionarycontains approximately 50,000 characters of which2,100 to 2,200 characters are commonly used.HiraganaSome Japanese sounds and meanings weredifficult to represent using kanji. To fill this gap,kana symbols were invented, based on the soundand the shape of the kanji. One such phoneticsystem is hiragana, which was invented betweenthe eighth and the tenth centuries. Unlike kanji,hiragana represent a sound and not meaning.Hiragana is derived from a cursive form of kanji andthe letters are curvilinear in style. They are used toexpress Japanese grammatical elements such asparticles and the endings of adjectives and verbs.There are forty-six basic hiragana syllables. Thereare also twenty-five additional modified syllables,thirty-six modified /contracted syllables, and onethat is used to transcribe double consonants.2
Japanese 1KatakanaKatakana came into existence at about the sametime as hiragana. The shapes of the katakana letterswere also formed based on the kanji, but katakanahave straighter lines, while hiragana are curvier.Today katakana is used mainly to write loanwords which the original Japanese language didnot have. An example is the word for “coffee,” sincecoffee didn’t exist in Japan until it was importedfrom abroad. Katakana is also used for representingonomatopeia, the names of plants and animals (withsome exceptions), and for placing emphasis oncertain words.There are the same number of katakana syllablesas hiragana.3
Japanese 1Reading KanaHiragana and katakana are phoneticallyconsistent, and reading them is relatively straightforward once the letters and their sounds are learned.Today in Japan, the three writing systems arecombined — kanji, hiragana, and katakana can allappear within a single sentence. Here’s an example:デパート に 行きます。(I) go to a department store. (depaato ni ikimasu.)デパートdepartment store (katakana)にpost positional word to show direction (hiragana)行the “root” of the verb “go” (kanji)きますending of the verb “go” (hiragana)In this course, you will learn how to readhiragana. For practice, all the words and sentencesin the Reading Lessons are written in hiragana.Spaces have been added in the longer phrases forease in reading.4
Japanese 1Basic Hiragana Chartaあka かiいkiき/き ku くsa さ/さ shi しtaたchi ちuうeえ oおke け ko こsu すse せ so そ/そtsu つte て to とne ね no のna な/な niにnu ぬha はhiひfu (hu) ふ/ふ he へ ho ほma まmi みya や/やraら/ら rimu む/むyu ゆyo より/り ru るre れ ro ろwa わnme め mo もoん5を
Japanese 1Hiragana with Diacritic �じぢびぴgu ぐzu ずzu づbu ぶ/ぶpu ぷ/ぷge げze ぜde でbe べpe ぺgo ごzo ぞ/ぞdo どbo ぼpo ぽHiragana with Small ゃ (ya), ゅ (yu), ょ (yo) , orModified / Contracted Syllableskya きゃ/きゃsha しゃcha ちゃnya にゃhya ひゃmya みゃrya りゃ/りゃgya ぎゃ/ぎゃja じゃja ぢゃbya びゃpya ぴゃkyu きゅ/きゅshu しゅchu ちゅnyu にゅhyu ひゅmyu みゅryu りゅ/りゅgyu ぎゅ/ぎゅju じゅju ぢゅbyu びゅpyu ぴゅkyo きょ/きょsho しょcho ちょnyo にょhyo ひょmyo みょryo りょ/りょgyo ぎょ/ぎょjo じょjo ぢょbyo びょpyo ぴょSmall letter tsu (っ) — transcribes double consonants6
Japanese 1Lesson �んこえほんえん7
Japanese 1Lesson �8
Japanese 1Lesson 19.20.ごはんかります。ががにほんご がにほんご が わかります。がんこりす が ��こしえいがわかい9
Japanese 1Lesson 9.20.のりますいい �わたしわたし はにほんじんわたし は にほんじんでですわたし は にほんじん です。ててほんこわすなにかそ or そそしてそなた10
Japanese 1Lesson う。ささん or さんたなかさん / たなかさんたなかさん に あいます。ざございますありがとう �、に、さん、し、ごぢはなぢ11
Japanese 1Lesson .20.おおてんき or きおてんきいい おてんき �す。ろごろところわたし の � に すんでいますか。ここ に すんでいます。どこ で のみますか。12
Japanese 1Lesson 19.20.くろいきおんぞどうぞどうぞ ��んへへたへんじべたべます。13
Japanese 1Lesson 19.20.ろく、しち、はちをほん を かいます。にほんご を はなします。れだれきれいねいい ですね。おねがいします。らあちら or あちらたべられません。さかな が たべられません。もあなたもどうも すみません。ついつもしつれい しました。14
Japanese 1Lesson 9.20.いくつもりです。や or �すきです。ふ or ふふゆふゆ に ゆき が ふります。めあめなつ に あめ が � いけます。でんわ を かけたいです。15
Japanese 1Lesson .20.ぬいめわれめねこ と いぬねほりはほりあおいむ or �づきこ / �ぜひ いきたいです。だください。16
Japanese 1Lesson ��さむい ��あの17
Japanese 1Lesson .19.20.ゆうびんぜんぶ で いくら ですか。ぼんさい を かいました。かんぱい を します。ぴあの が あります。ぷ or ぷふな / ぶなてんぷらてんぷら を �ぽぽさんぽ します。き/ やきゃきゃくおきゃくさま18
Japanese 1Lesson 18.19.20.てんぷら を おねがいします。ぴんぽん を します。ぺんぎん を �かいしゅぎ19
Japanese 1Lesson �ょく に いきます。せんしゅう、しゃしん を とりました。しょくじ を しましょう。ちゃおちゃおちゃ を あにゅにゅうこくめにゅう20
Japanese 1Lesson 8.19.20.おもちゃ の くるまちゅうごくご の べんきょうまつもとせいちょう の ほんめにゅう を どうぞ。こんにゃく が みゃくみゃくらく21
Japanese 1Lesson �ょうき / ��くごりゅりゅうがくりょりょかん22
Japanese 1Lesson �ょみんぎょぎょうじゃじゃあじゃあ また。じゃあ また あした。23
Japanese 1Lesson �うまぴょはっぴょう24
Japanese 1Lesson 18.19.20.すみません。 えいご が �。にほんご が わかりますか。はい、すこし わかります。あなた は あめりかじん ですか。はい、わたし は あめりかじん です。すみすさん、もう かまくら を みましたか。かまくら? まだみていません。かまくら は どこですか。ここから あまり とおくありません。とても きれいな ところ ですよ。そうですか。 よこはま は みました 。でも かまくら は まだ みていません 。じゃあ、あした いっしょに .かまくら へ いきませんか 。いいですね。でも あした の あさは .しごと が あります。じゃあ、 いつ が いい ですか。あさって は?ええ、けっこう です。25
Japanese 1Lesson Twenty1.むかし むかし .2.ひとりの おとこがいました。3.おとこの しごとは .4.こっとうや でした。5.あるひ ちゃみせに いきました。6.そこに ねこが いました。7.ねこは とても うつくしい さらで .8.えさを たべていました。9.おとこは さらが ほしい .10.と おもいました。11.(the antique the antique dealer)「いくらですか。」13.おとこは たくさんの おかねを .14.はらいました。15.ごしゅじんは いいました。16.(the café owner)「じゃあ、ねこを17.(the antique 8.(the café owner) 「いいえ、ねこだけ19.「え、じつは さらだけ ほしかったんです。20.でも ねこに たくさん おかねを �。」26です。」く
Japanese 1Culture Notes
Japanese 1Travelers should always check withtheir nation's State Department forcurrent advisories on local conditionsbefore traveling abroad.Booklet Design: Maia KennedyThird Edition and ‰ Recorded Program 2002 Simon & Schuster, Inc. Culture Notes 2010 Simon & Schuster, Inc.Pimsleur is an imprint of Simon & Schuster Audio,a division of Simon & Schuster, Inc. Mfg. in USA.All rights reserved.ii
Japanese 1ACKNOWLEDGMENTSVoicesEnglish-Speaking Instructor . . . . . . . . . . . Ray BrownMale Japanese Speaker . . . . . . . . . . . Tsunenori AbeCourse WritersKimiko Ise Abramoff Beverly D. HeinleEditorsMiho Hirohashi Mary E. GreenNotes on Japanese Culture & CommunicationDr. Akira MiyaharaProfessor of Communication StudiesSeinan Gakuin UniversityProducer & DirectorSarah H. McInnisRecording EngineersPeter S. Turpin Kelly SauxSimon & Schuster Studios, Concord, MAiii
Japanese 1Table of ContentsNotes on Japanese Culture and Communication.1sumimasen. 2Word Order. 3Expressions of Modesty and Deference inJapanese Communication. 3 ne. 4Omission of Subjects. 5domo. 6Public Transportation. 6nanika. 7Particles. 7Cognates and “Borrowed English Loan Words”. 9Addressing People . 10Counting Things . 10Meals of a Day. 11Circumlocution. 12Levels of Politeness. 13chotto. 14 masen ka?. 14Yen: Japanese Currency. 15Good-bye. 16takusan, sukoshi. 16iv
Japanese 1Drinks. 17itte kimasu. 18 desu ga. 18kyo wo nani o shimasu ka?. 19shujin, goshujin / kanai, okusan. 20hajimemashite / dozo yoroshiku. 21hitori, futari, san nin. 22otoko no ko, onna no ko. 22otearai, toire. 23ah, so desu ka?. 24kodomo, kodomo san. 24Weights and Measures. 25Getting Around in Japan. 27oo kei. 28Store Hours. 28ni, san. 29takushii—Taxis in Japan. 30jaa. 30masu, mashita, masen. 31Continuing Success . 32v
Japanese 1Notes on Japanese Culture and CommunicationThese are the Culture Notes for Pimsleur’sJapanese 1. The objective of Japanese 1 is tointroduce you to the language and culture of Japanprimarily through your ears, and only secondarilythrough your eyes.This approach is based upon the fact that morethan 95 percent of our lives is spent in listeningand talking, and less than 5 percent in reading andwriting. The most effective and productive way tobegin acquiring these necessary communicationskills is by actually working with the “language inuse,” as demonstrated by native speakers of thelanguage being learned.Efficiency is greatly increased when what youlearn first are the most-frequently-used structuresand daily life vocabulary, so that you practice with thepractical tools you require every day. This carefullyselected “core-language” allows the tutor on theaudio to keep you focused entirely on essentiallanguage. This is self-motivating because you willbegin to use it immediately and successfully.As you learn the language, you are absorbingthe culture. Language and culture are so closelyintertwined that learning them separately can makeyou literally “culturally-deprived,” that is, unable to
Japanese 1produce appropriate and meaningful language. Forthis reason you must carefully notice the differentways the Japanese “act” in the various situations youwill experience. Being sensitive to “who is doingwhat to whom, and why,” is what you have learnedto do almost unconsciously in your native tongue —you will attain this same sense of “awareness” as yougain proficiency in your new language. This implicitinstruction will come from the lessons, as you learn toidentify the intonation and melody of the speakers.This Audio will provide additional explicit instructionto further confirm what you have learned.Acquiring the culture, “the map of the territory,” islike acquiring the terminology of a subject: it enablesyou to operate as a fellow member in that society. Yoursuccess in working with native speakers of Japanesewill depend upon how sensitive you become to theaccumulated heritage that is Japanese.sumimasenYou will find yourself using and hearing thisexpression quite often in your interactions with theJapanese. sumimasen is used for several purposes.It is often used to express the speaker’s sincere andpolite attitude toward others. However, Japanesepeople use this expression to convey not only“Excuse me,” but also “I’m sorry,” and even “Thankyou.” You will hear them say sumimasen to attract2
Japanese 1someone’s attention when initiating a conversation.You might also hear this expression from someonewho mistakenly steps on your foot in a crowded trainand wishes to apologize. It is a very useful expressionin a wide range of social contexts.Word OrderJapanese word order is very different from whatyou are accustomed to in English. Word endings suchas masu, masen, and masu ka—determine whetherthe speaker is making a statement, negating or askingsomething—and they come at the end of a sentence.You need to, therefore, listen to the speaker all theway through to the end of the sentence to find outthe speaker’s intention. This may be confusing to youat first, but as you become skillful, you will be ableto use this sentence structure to your advantage, asyou can carefully sense the listener’s feeling whileyou speak. You can then decide on the overall tone ofyour message by modifying the ending accordingly.Expressions of Modesty and Deference in JapaneseCommunicationWhen someone compliments the Japanese ongood work, nice clothes, a beautiful house, awonderful dinner, etc., it is customary for them todownplay their abilities, possessions, etc. Whilenegating a compliment may be considered a sign of3
Japanese 1lack of confidence or even insincerity in some cultures,the Japanese frequently use it as an expression ofmodesty and deference in daily communication. Asa case in point, consider this conversation:“That was a wonderful meal! You are a greatcook, suzuki san.”“Oh, no. I only followed a recipe. Anybodycan cook.”“I certainly can’t. Could you teach me?”“Can I teach? Oh, no. You cook far betterthan I can. I’m the one who needs to takelessons from you.”Suzuki may be seen as too modest by Americanstandards, but this is socially acceptable behaviorin Japan. This humility is only seen as avoidingappearing to be arrogant or conceited. nene at the end of sentences, as in nihongo gawakarimasu ne, is roughly equivalent to theEnglish “isn’t it?” “aren’t you?” “don’t you?” etc.The use of ne shows that the speaker expects thelistener to agree with him or her. You will hear thisused frequently in Japanese; in fact, some peoplemay end virtually every sentence with ne. Livingin a more collectivistic society than the U.S., theJapanese value being aligned with and maintaining4
Japanese 1harmonious relationships with others. The frequentuse of ne illustrates their desire to avoid creatingany potential for conflict or disagreement withone another.Omission of SubjectsJapanese speakers often rely
Japanese 1. The Japanese language has three distinctive writing systems: kanji, hiragana, and . katakana. Kanji. In early Japan, Japanese was a spoken language only and there was no writing system. China, however, had already developed a sophisticated writing system based on symbols called . hanzi. As early as the first century, Japanese people .
Essentially, what we need is a Japanese guide to learning Japanese grammar. A Japanese guide to learning Japanese grammar This guide is an attempt to systematically build up the grammatical structures that make up the Japanese language in a way that makes sense in Japanese.
Japanese Language and Culture 3 JPN 101 JPN 102 Beginning Japanese I Beginning Japanese II 8 . Revised 10/23/2020 4 JPN 101 JPN 102 JPN 201 Beginning Japanese I Beginning Japanese II Intermediate Japanese Conversation 12 5 JPN 101 JPN 102 JPN 201 JPN 202 Beginning Japanese I Beginning Japanese II Intermediat
Center for Japanese Language, Waseda University Japanese Language Program Admission Guide *This program is not a preparatory course for students intending to enroll in Undergraduate or Graduate programs in Japanese universities. April admission/September admission Center for Japanese Language, Waseda University Center for Japanese Language, Waseda University Address: 1-7-14, Nishi-waseda .
Early Middle Japanese (Classical Japanese) based on UniDic, a dictionary for Contemporary Japanese. Differences between the Early Middle Japanese and Contemporary Japanese, which prevent a naïve adaptation of UniDic to Early Middle Japanese, are found at the levels of lex
Japanese stamps without these elements The number of characters in the center and the design of dragons on the sides will vary. RYUKYU ISLANDS Country Name PHILIPPINES (Japanese Occupation) Country Name NORTH BORNEO (Japanese Occupation) Indicates Japanese Country Occupation Name MALAYA (Japanese Occupation) Indicates Japanese Occupation .
Introduction to Japanese for First/Heritage Language . Special Japanese Core Course compulsory Kanji 1 Kanji 2 Kanji 3 Japanese as a Foreign Language Special Japanese 1 Special Japanese 2 Special Japanese 3 *4 Year Regular and Transfer students are required to complete up to SpJ 3 and . This is a list of courses with their brief .
From 100 students studying in Japan, 81% say that Japanese is difficult to understand [2]. To test fluency in Japanese, we need to take the Japanese Language Proficiency Test (JLPT). According to Haristiani & Firmansyah, JLPT is a well-known form of Japanese language proficiency test, or in Japanese, it is called Noryoku Shiken [3].
The Japanese language is the key to understanding Japanese culture and society. Studying Japanese can be a very rewarding experience in its own right, but, more important, it has great practical value for anyone wishing to do business with the Japanese or planning to visit Japan.
