Operant Conditioning Classical Versus Operant Conditioning
LP 5C examples of CC 103/23/09Classical Conditioning What is learning?What is conditioning?Pavlov and the Dogso UCSo UCRo NSo CSo CROther examples of classical conditioningOperant Conditioning Operant Conditioning Reinforcemento ExamplesPunishmentso ExamplesPositive and negative reinforcemento ExamplesPositive and negative punishmento ExamplesProblems with punishmentsAlternatives to punishmentsClassical versus operantconditioning Differences between operant and classicalconditioningGroup work: Identify examples of classicalconditioningOperant Conditioning—Learned Helplessnesso Descriptiono Exampleo Broader examplesOperant Conditioning—Schedules ofReinforcemento Descriptiono Exampleso Influence on behaviorObservational Learning Albert Bandura and the Bobo DollCognitive process that influence imitationFactors that increase the likelihood of imitation
LP 5C examples of CC 203/23/09Differences BetweenClassical and Operant Conditioning(see table 5.5, page 228)Classical ConditioningOperant ConditioningIn classical conditioning, theorganism learns anassociation between twostimuli—the CS and UCS(eg. food and tone)—thatoccurs before the behavior(eg. salivation).In operant conditioning, theorganism learns anassociation betweenbehavior and itsconsequences. Behaviorchanges because of eventsthat occur after it.Classical conditioningusually deals with reflexiveor involuntary responsessuch as physiological oremotional responses.Operant conditioningusually deals with voluntarybehaviors such as activebehaviors that operate onthe environment.
LP 5C examples of CC 303/23/09Although classical and operant conditioning are differentprocesses, many learning situations involve bot
LP 5C examples of CC 403/23/09
LP 5C examples of CC 503/23/09Classical ConditioningThe basic learning process that involves repeatedlypairing a neutral stimulus with a response-producingstimulus until the neutral stimulus elicits the sameresponse (page 192).Examples from your text: Pavlov’s dogs Little Albert Feeling good (the response) when you hear a song(the stimulus) on the radio that is connected to aspecial time you’ve had.o Erv’s fear of the attic (see page 189)o Original stimulus dying (UCS)o Original response fear (UCR)o New (learned) stimulus attic (CS)o New (learned) response fear (CR) Dr Pepper commercial with Garth Brooks, attractivewomen and a picnic
LP 5C examples of CC 603/23/09Operant ConditioningOperant conditioning is the basic learning process thatinvolves changing the probability that a response will berepeated by manipulating the consequences(reinforcements or punishments) of that response.ReinforcementsA consequence that followsa behavior that makes thatbehavior more likely tooccur in the future.Behaviors that arereinforced are more likely tooccur.PunishmentsA consequence that followsa behavior that makes thatbehavior less likely to occurin the future.Behaviors that are punishedare less likely to occur.
LP 5C examples of CC 703/23/09Reinforcements and punishments are defined by the effectthey produce. Money is not a reinforcement if it doesn’t increasebehavior. Spankings are not punishments if they don’t modifybehavior (in some cases they are reinforcementsbecause they increase the likelihood of behavior).
LP 5C examples of CC 803/23/09Check your understanding of the usual differences betweenclassical conditioning and operant conditioning by indicating thetype of conditioning process involved in each of the followingexamples. In the space on the left, place a C if the example involves classical conditioning, O if it involves operant conditioning, or B if it involves both. N if not sure1. Whenever Marcia takes her dog out for a walk, she wears thesame old blue windbreaker. Eventually, she notices that herdog becomes very excited whenever she puts on thiswindbreaker.2. The Creatures are a successful rock band with three hit albumsto their credit. They begin their U. S. tour featuring many new,unreleased songs, all of which draw silence from their concertfans. The same fans cheer wildly when The Creatures play anyof their old hits. Gradually, the band reduces the number ofnew songs it plays and starts playing more of the old standbys.3. When Cindy and Mel first fell in love, they listened constantly toThe Creatures’ hit song Transatlantic Obsession. Althoughseveral years have passed, whenever they hear this song, theyexperience a warm, romantic feeling.4. For nearly 20 years Ralph has worked as a machinist in thesame factory. His new foreman is never satisfied with his workand criticizes him constantly. After a few weeks of heavycriticism, he experiences anxiety whenever he arrives at work.He starts calling in sick more and more frequently to evade thisanxiety.
Differences Between Classical and Operant Conditioning (see table 5.5, page 228) Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning In classical conditioning, the organism learns an association between two stimuli—the CS and UCS (eg. food and tone)—that occurs before the behavior (eg. salivation). In operant conditioning, the organism learns an
Classical Conditioning & Operant Conditioning. What is Classical Conditioning? HowDoWeLearn? ClassicalConditioning § § § Pavlov’sExperiments ExtendingPavlov’sUnderstanding Pavlov’sLegacy 2 Learning Objective: Students will be able to describe the difference between Classical and Operant Conditioning.
Operant Conditioning (Lecture 6) II. Operant Conditioning A. Skinner’s Analysis B F Skinner expanded the Law of Effect in the 1940s and 1950s into a system called Operant Conditioning. Operant Conditioning is learning produced by the active behavior of
February 2 EQ- How does operant Agenda: conditioning work? SSPBC1 1.Daily Sheet 2.Review Classical Conditioning (Ex. From real life) 3.Operant Conditioning (notes, video, lab) 4. Practice Table of Contents: 93. Classical Conditioning Elements 94. Operant Conditioning Notes 95. OC Worksheet HW- Programmed Unit Assignment Consciousness HW Folders .
They are: classical conditioning and operant conditioning. 2.1 Classical Conditioning Classical conditioning [10] explains the learning as: it occurs through the associations between neutral stimulus and environmental stimulus. While in operant conditioning[11] lear
Operant Chamber Using Thorndikeʹs law of effect as a starting point, Skinner developed the Operant chamber, or the Skinner box, to study operant conditioning. Walter Dawn/ Photo Researchers, Inc. From The Essentials of Conditioning and Learning, 3 rd Edition by Michael P. Domjan, 2005. Used with permission by Thomson Learning, Wadsworth Division
Operant conditioning is a type of learning where voluntary behaviors are conditioned As opposed to classical conditioning where involuntary responses are conditioned Classical conditioning blinking (involuntary) . Difference Between Negative Reinforcement and Positive Punishment Primary Reinforcers Secondary Reinforcers
conditioning and operant conditioning. Classical conditioning relies on a particular stimulus or signal. An example of this would be if a family member came to the kitchen every time you baked cookies because of the delicious smell. The second type is known as operant conditioning, which involves using a system of rewards and punishments.
The module scst_user API is de ned in scst_user.h le. 3 IOCTL() functions There are following IOCTL functions aailable.v All of them has one argument. They all, except SCST_USER_REGISTER_DEVICE return 0 for success or -1 in case of error, and errno is set appro-priately. 3.1 SCST_USER_REGISTER_DEVICE
