The HooSocietyNewsletter
TheSuttonHooSocietyNewsletterSaxonNo. 53July 2011The fictional family in the People of Sutton Hoo exhibition in the Treasury, featuring (left to right) motherMildrith, small son Esi and daughter RiculaChanging the displaysHow to interest visitors without sacrificing the accuracy of the history and archaeologyis an increasingly important issue at Sutton Hoo, as National Trust tries to attractrepeat visits. ‘Refreshing’ the displays has recently involved raising Rædwald’s burialchamber to floor level, where, in darkness, young visitors can place small bunches ofherbs in the pagan burial. In the Treasury, the exhibition People of Sutton Hoo featuresnamed individuals who are in fact fictitious. Overleaf, two SHS members offer theirpersonal views of the changes, and the curator of the Treasury exhibition replies.But first, NTSH Property Manager MARTIN ATKINSON outlines the thinkingbehind these and other changes planned over the next ten years.Sutton Hoo in 2020future of Sutton Hoo, as we are so dependenton the income generated by our visitors. Overthe next ten years we need to build our visitornumbers to a sustainable 120,000 to allowAlthough we are without the majority of therich grave goods, and the physical remains of us reasonable spending for projects to keepthe ship were never any more than a collection the site fresh and exciting, as well as for themore routine maintenance of buildings andof rivets and transient colour in the sand, thestory of the discovery of this magnificent Dark facilities. To achieve this Sutton Hoo needs tobe a lively, vibrant, welcoming and excitingAge burial and the atmosphere of the burialplace for our visitors, volunteers and staff.mounds are the real gems we have on site toWe will carry on with the work tocapture the imagination of our visitors.interpret the 1930s era of discovery – buildingEnthusing them with that story so theyon the opening of Tranmer House to createtell their friends what a great day out theya sustainable and fitting collection that nothad and return time and again is key to the
only helps us tell the story of the discoveryof the ship burial in a time of change andconflict, but is a warm and welcomingplace for our visitors to experience acompletely ‘hands on’ historic house –where they can feel at home as a guest ofMrs Pretty.We will also continue with makingthe Anglo-Saxon world more accessible– building our collection of high qualityreplicas that can be handled by visitors andmaking the exhibition more interactive andaccessible to all our key visitor segments.The exhibition itself will need to berefreshed within the next ten years, notnecessarily by wholesale change but bygradual development – keeping the partsthat work well, looking to create more ofan impact and sense of awe by highlightingthe wonderful reproductions, build on thecollection of original artefacts and create amore permanent collection in the Treasury,whilst allowing for an element of change sowe are still able to see some of the originalobjects on display in Suffolk.We should retain the vision ofreconstructing a full sized replica of theSutton Hoo ship – this will be a majorproject and beyond the current plan, butin the meantime we will be constructinga full size sculptural model in the yard tohelp give a sense of scale to the burial andto help us interpret what happened to theship after it was buried. From the ship, atimeline featuring carved stone slabs willhelp lead our visitors to the Burial Site.To add life to the story, the costumedinterpretation team will continue todevelop their role, and the learningprogramme will widen to ensure that wecater for all ages and that both of thesebecome more a part of what we offer to allour visitors every day we are open.We will also become known as a placeto celebrate crafts, culture and learning.We will develop the use of the Courtfacilities so it becomes known as a placewhere you can learn anything from AngloSaxon poetry to 1930s Lindyhop dance.At the moment, visitor access to thecountryside we own at Sutton Hoo isextremely limited, with the walks mainlyfollowing existing footpaths and tracks.Our visitors are missing out on somebeautiful and dramatic views over theriver from the woods at the top of thevalley slopes and discreet hides could beconstructed overlooking the wildlife-richhabitats of the Deben estuary. By 2020the estate could also be providing a sourceof sustainable energy from biomass, andthe roofs of the modern buildings lendthemselves to cladding with PV cells, tohelp Sutton Hoo become one of the firstcarbon neutral historic properties in theNational Trust.Martin Atkinson2Rædwald’s burial chamber BEFORE the changes.CreatedcharactersSHS volunteer guide NICK WRIGHTfears that we are in danger ofconfusing our visitors historically,and begs for a little more scholarshipin the displays.very prominent ‘created’ Anglo-Saxoncharacters who ‘might have been’ (but neverwere), bring all my misgivings to a head.Do we really need the might-havebeens? Don’t they create confusion forthose who don’t know, and embarrassmentfor those who do? In the midst of peoplewho actually existed in the 7th century,should we really be involved in imaginativeexercises for teaching history at primaryand GCSE level, which only highlightthe enormous gulf between an exuberantimagination and the evidence itself?We actually KNOW quite a lot.I have always felt that weunderestimate the capacity of the generalpublic, including school children, to copewith the complexity, uncertainty andcontradictions of scholarship and research.Where does the Sutton Hoo Society sitin the gentle conflict (so gentle that it isalmost silent) between the scholars and thepopularisers? Might we, the Sutton HooSociety, buck the trend, and side moresolidly and openly with the scholars?I should preface any remarks ondevelopments at Sutton Hoo with praisefor the energy and commitment of theNational Trust staff and volunteers there.I never cease to be amazed by the paceof change in the experience offered tovisitors in the Visitors’ Centre, and in theExhibitions, and by the Trust’s continuingability to attract large numbers ofapparently satisfied customers to the site.As a former academic and an SHSvolunteer-guide of ‘long-’ if not particularly‘out-’ standing, I have always been a littleuneasy with the relationship between thehonest presentation of the story of SuttonHoo and the demand to be popular to allpossible groups. There is no easy solution,but to me it reveals a conflict between thequite respectable interests of the Sutton HooSociety and the equally respectable, butdifferent, interests of the National Trust.The current exhibition features a merehandful of quite low-grade finds togetherwith the old (but excellent) information.and AFTER. All photos Nigel Maslinpanels and reproductions. The threeSaxon 53
Rædwald among the herbs in the new displayRaising theburialAppealing tothe emotionsthere for a pleasant day out and wouldbe just as likely to come to Sutton Hooif it was a pretty garden, rather than aninternationally important archaeologicalsite. The current exhibition does notappeal to these people, so how do weconvert them into Sutton Hoo enthusiasts?SHS member Dr JENNY JAMESANGUS WAINWRIGHT is theOne answer is to appeal to theirfears that something has been lostNational Trust archaeologist for Eastemotions. This was the thinking behindin raising and enclosing the burialAnglia, the curator of the People ofthe changes to the burial chamber displaychamber reconstruction.Sutton Hoo exhibition, and also aand the current temporary exhibition,member of the SHS committee. HereThe restructuring of the burial chamberhe explains the intentions behind this People of Sutton Hoo. This exhibitionin the exhibition at Sutton Hoo is asummer’s new displays at Sutton Hoo. builds on a basis of modern scholarshipon the subject, but develops its themestotally retrograde step. The originalI think everyone would agree that wethrough the medium of an imaginarydisplay enabled visitors to see clearly thewant all our visitors to understand thereplicas of the burial goods and theirsignificance of Sutton Hoo and the Anglo- family. The exhibition is prefaced by anexplanation of the fragmentary nature ofposition. The display was well lit and the Saxon period. We want them to learnview from above extensive. Now it is inabout Sutton Hoo, but we also want them the evidence and that the family you meetsemi-darkness and most of the objectsto be enthused by the place and by what it is an imaginary creation. The approachtaken both here and with the new burialare obscured.tells us about Anglo-Saxon culture.We had a visitor who had not beenThe challenge for all of us - whether we chamber may not appeal to everyone, buthopefully those who do not like this formhere before and explained to him thatare leading a guided walk or creating anthe burial chamber was the highlight.exhibition - is to work out how to do this. of interpretation will find satisfactionHe looked extensively at the rest ofHow do you translate the massive body of elsewhere in the exhibition.Sutton Hoo, like all other Nationalthe display but stayed only a coupleresearch on the period into a form whichTrust sites, is owned for the benefit ofof minutes in the burial chamber.appeals to the general visitor?the whole nation and so the Trust has aI contrasted this with bringing myOne way of answering the question isresponsibility to explain its propertiesgrandson last year. He spent nearlyto find out what type of people visit theto all sectors of society. To do this itthirty minutes gazing at all the objectssite and create forms of interpretationmust use every means available, but itsand asking about each one.which appeal to those different types ofThis links in my mind to the lack ofvisitor. Visitor research at Sutton Hoo has interpretation should always be honest andtreasures from the British Museum in the discovered that our current interpretation backed by the best scholarship.Treasury. Surely the money unnecessarily does a good job with visitors who likeThe exhibition People of Sutton Hoospent on the changes could have beenfactual information and come with acontinues until 30 October. Saxonused to fund a proper display of some ofbasic knowledge of the period. Howeverwelcomes further views on the issuesthe original treasure similar those of great a significant number of our visitors areraised here – emails to the editor, please.distinction that we have had in the past.either children or adults who are justwww.suttonhoo.org3
Sutton hoo: A swedish perspectiveTHE SUTTON HOO SOCIETY IN COLLABORATIONWITH THE ROYAL GUSTAV ADOLF ACADEMY, SWEDENPRESENTS AN INTERNATIONAL DAY CONFERENCESUTTON HOO:A SWEDISH PERSPECTIVE11TH SEPTEMBER 2011,WATERFRONT BUILDING, UNIVERSITY CAMPUS SUFFOLK, IPSWICHTHE CREMATION GRAVESOF VALSGÄRDEProfessor emerita Anne-SofieGräslund,Uppsala UniversityBYZANTIUM IN EASTERNSWEDEN AND BEYOND EXOTIC OBJECTS AND NEWCONNECTIONS 550-700 ADDr Torun Zachrisson,Stockholm University4The burial ground of Valsgärde inUppland, Sweden, has since the 1930sbeen one of the most prominent sites inScandinavian and European funeraryarchaeology. Hitherto, almost all focus hasbeen placed on the 15 boat graves, whilean almost equal number of inhumationswithout boats as well as around 60cremation burials have been more or lessforgotten. This has resulted in a verynarrow perspective on the history ofthe burial ground. Together with JohnLjungkvist I have a project aiming atpublishing the cremation graves and thenon-boat-grave-inhumations. We workat reconstructing the history of Valsgärdeburial ground from the Pre-Roman IronAge to the late Viking Age. The former“one per generation” view of boat gravescan be challenged by new evidence.A detailed chronology of the site revealsthat the role or importance of the site asburial ground has varied considerably overtime. During some periods it is an almostexclusive élite necropolis, while in otherphases a wider social span can be seen.In the 9th century, when boat burials seemto be almost missing, the lack of such éliteburials is partly filled with a large, veryspecial cremation grave. Of particularinterest are also the female élite cremationburials, previously almost entirelyneglected. There are rich female burialsfrom the Vendel Period and from the10th century, but after 950/975 there seemto be no female graves at all – especiallyenigmatic as the male burials withoutboats continue well into the 11th century.Unexpectedly numerous Byzantine objectsfrom the Merovingian Period have beenfound in central Sweden. They have beenfound in burials of the highest elite, likethe West Mound in Old Uppsala. Amongthe melted remains of grave goods in thatmound were gaming pieces of ivory alongwith other exotic items like woven goldthreads probably from silk of Byzantineorigin, as well as five Byzantine cameosof onyx and sardonyx. The monumentalmounds start to be erected in thisperiod and tell us that this was not aproperty of the usual farm size. The threemonumental mounds of Old Uppsalavisualize the establishment of a royalgenealogy where property claims wererelated to a realm. Old Uppsala is knownin the written sources as the seat of godFreyr and his descendants. These exoticobjects appear after the climate crisis inthe 530s, and illustrate new connectionsand alliances with Byzantium, but alsothe Anglo-Saxons. These objects seemto have been used in the construction ofthe ruling ideology of the Ynglingar andmay have given legitimacy to demands forsovereignty and the necessary authorityto exploit the royal estates. The exoticobjects could also have played a majorrole in the funerary rituals. The womennext below in rank were buried withamethyst pearls originating from theMediterranean area and/or ivory rings.Interestingly the mounds for these womenseem to have been relatively dispersedover central Sweden. It is possible thatthese type of objects are the tangibleexpressions of a desire to attend the courtat various locations in central Sweden,among them the royal court at OldUppsala. In contemporaneous continentalEurope the material culture of the eliteamong for instance the Merovingiansand the Visigoths, are very influencedby this courtly life hrisson@ark.su.seSaxon 53
AN EYE FOR ODIN?THE SHARED WORLD-VIEWSOF SCANDINAVIA ANDSUTTON HOOProfessor Neil Price,University of AberdeenGAMLA UPPSALA ANDVALSGÄRDE – NEW RESEARCHON TWO ELITE BURIAL SITES INMIDDLE SWEDENDr John Ljungkvist,Uppsala UniversitySTYLING DEATH –MATERIAL METAPHOR IN BOATGRAVES FROM7TH-CENTURY VALSGÄRDEProfessor Frands Herschend,Uppsala Universitywww.suttonhoo.orgIn an archaeological assemblage asfamous and exhaustively studied as thefinds from the Mound 1 ship burial atSutton Hoo, it is tempting to believe thatthe material holds few surprises any more.This paper begins with a new analysis ofthe Sutton Hoo helmet, following up somestartling observations first developed byPaul Mortimer, the Society’s very ownKing Rædwald. Particular attention willbe focused on the treatment of the eyearea of the helmet, compared with thearchaeology of eyes on the war-gear ofScandinavian elites at the same time asSutton Hoo – an unexpectedly fruitfularea of research. The links between thetreatment of eye-themes on high-statusmetalwork will be considered in the lightof stories from Norse mythology, andused to argue for a precise and very closeaffinity between the world-views of theSutton Hoo elites and the military rulersof Sweden during the fifth to seventhcenturies. The implications are important,in that they firmly demonstrate AngloSwedish connections not just in terms ofmaterial culture, technology and burialcustom but in the ideas that cruciallyunderpinned them.This paper considers the structure anddevelopment of Valsgärde and GamlaUppsala, two of the most famousearly medieval sites in central Swedenand closely related to Sutton Hoo andAnglo-Saxon England. I will focusupon the questions of how these sitesemerged as elite constructions during theScandinavian Iron Age, and how theycontinued to be used as a centre andaristocratic burial ground well into the11th and 13th centuries respectively.A phase worth some extra attention isthe mid-6th to 8th centuries AD. Duringthis period we can see the emergence ofmonumental mounds, major halls raisedup on artificial earth terraces, new burialrites and changing imports. The sitesare quite different in a number of ways.However, both reflect contemporarychanges that can be seen all over centralSweden and further into the Baltic.I am presently working on a funeraryproject in cooperation with Anne-SofieGräslund and also leading a researchproject covering the general developmentof Gamla Uppsala, including excavationsin the royal estate area. Excavationsduring the summer of 2011 will shedsome further light upon the developmentof the central manor area and especiallycover layers and constructions from theearly medieval period. By SeptemberI can guarantee interesting preliminaryresults as the trial excavations made in2010 were very promising.A new series of 14 radiocarbon tests havegiven us fairly exact funeral dates forthree of the early boat graves, Nos 5, 7and 8, from the Valsgärde cemetery inUppland, Sweden. These dates are in allprobability linked to the primary burialceremonies when the boats were not yetcovered up. Owing to the careful 20thcentury documentation of the funeralscene, basically a documentation of whatthe funeral party saw, two of the datesallow us to understand these graves asinstallations so closely linked to each otherthat a number of people probably visitedboth funerals. Most probably one of theburials belongs to the 640s and the otherto the 650s. We may thus ask ourselveswhether as grave metaphors they werelinked to each other. The lastgrave illustrates another phenomenon.Since three 14C-dates from one and thesame animal, a calf representing themeal in Grave 7, are c.75 years olderthan four dates from the collapsed roofconstruction, we may infer that the burialscene had a considerable after life as anaccessible yet untouched and decayinginstallation with a significant presenceamong the living. In this particular casethe old boat grave stood as a coveredconstruction when the two new oneswere the funeral gi.uu.sefrands.herschend@arkeologi.uu.se5
Benjamin Britten and other visitorsE.M.Forster) Billy Budd. Nancy (Evans)was a celebrated mezzo-soprano who,alternating with Kathleen Ferrier, hadcreated the title role of Lucretia, and alsoof Nancy in Albert Herring.I ran after Eric as he was leavingwith Britten, in case it was his final visit,for it was near the end of the seasonand everything had been cleaned up forphotography. Of course, Rupert then hadto introduce me to Britten, which was anopportunity to ask if he had met a friendof mine at Sussex University, who was aHesse student at that year’s AldeburghFestival. He said he had not, because hewas so busy organising and rehearsing thefestival that he could not spend much timewith the Hesse students. Britten’s friendsremember a warm and approachablepersonality, but I was struck by a deeplyserious, private person, with great depth inBiddie and Rhoisie Copinger Hillthe eyes.The Croziers lived in a cottage atNIGEL MASLIN remembers working in the ship trench in mound 1 at SuttonLittle Glemham and invited us round oneHoo during the re-excavation of the mid-1960s. In this second part he recallsevening. Mike and I had been messingsome special visitors.about in a dinghy on the Deben andThe mid-sixties were the years of Benjamin in cloth, with a broad strip of elastic to go arrived very late and bedraggled. A noteBritten’s three Church parables, which had behind the knee.pinned to the door said they had gone overtheir world premières in Orford Church,The Britten connections continued.to their friends the C
National Trust archaeologist for East Anglia, the curator of the People of Sutton Hoo exhibition, and also a member of the SHS committee. Here he explains the intentions behind this summer’s new displays at Sutton Hoo. I think everyone would agree that we want all our visitors to understand the significance of Sutton Hoo and the Anglo-Saxon .
May 02, 2018 · D. Program Evaluation ͟The organization has provided a description of the framework for how each program will be evaluated. The framework should include all the elements below: ͟The evaluation methods are cost-effective for the organization ͟Quantitative and qualitative data is being collected (at Basics tier, data collection must have begun)
Silat is a combative art of self-defense and survival rooted from Matay archipelago. It was traced at thé early of Langkasuka Kingdom (2nd century CE) till thé reign of Melaka (Malaysia) Sultanate era (13th century). Silat has now evolved to become part of social culture and tradition with thé appearance of a fine physical and spiritual .
On an exceptional basis, Member States may request UNESCO to provide thé candidates with access to thé platform so they can complète thé form by themselves. Thèse requests must be addressed to esd rize unesco. or by 15 A ril 2021 UNESCO will provide thé nomineewith accessto thé platform via their émail address.
̶The leading indicator of employee engagement is based on the quality of the relationship between employee and supervisor Empower your managers! ̶Help them understand the impact on the organization ̶Share important changes, plan options, tasks, and deadlines ̶Provide key messages and talking points ̶Prepare them to answer employee questions
Dr. Sunita Bharatwal** Dr. Pawan Garga*** Abstract Customer satisfaction is derived from thè functionalities and values, a product or Service can provide. The current study aims to segregate thè dimensions of ordine Service quality and gather insights on its impact on web shopping. The trends of purchases have
Chính Văn.- Còn đức Thế tôn thì tuệ giác cực kỳ trong sạch 8: hiện hành bất nhị 9, đạt đến vô tướng 10, đứng vào chỗ đứng của các đức Thế tôn 11, thể hiện tính bình đẳng của các Ngài, đến chỗ không còn chướng ngại 12, giáo pháp không thể khuynh đảo, tâm thức không bị cản trở, cái được
Le genou de Lucy. Odile Jacob. 1999. Coppens Y. Pré-textes. L’homme préhistorique en morceaux. Eds Odile Jacob. 2011. Costentin J., Delaveau P. Café, thé, chocolat, les bons effets sur le cerveau et pour le corps. Editions Odile Jacob. 2010. Crawford M., Marsh D. The driving force : food in human evolution and the future.
Le genou de Lucy. Odile Jacob. 1999. Coppens Y. Pré-textes. L’homme préhistorique en morceaux. Eds Odile Jacob. 2011. Costentin J., Delaveau P. Café, thé, chocolat, les bons effets sur le cerveau et pour le corps. Editions Odile Jacob. 2010. 3 Crawford M., Marsh D. The driving force : food in human evolution and the future.
