The Nile & Ancient Egypt Mini-Q

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The Nile & Ancient Egypt Mini-QDocument BSource: Chart adapted from Katherine Hinds,Benchmark, 2007.Life in Ancient Egypt: Ttie Countryside, Marshall CavendishThe Nile River Flood CycleAkhet (flood season)Mid-June to mid-OctoberFields in the Nilefloodplaincovered in water and fertilized bya new batch of silt. Time when many farmers worked off theirpublic-labor tax, doing jobs like canal repair or quarrying.Peret (planting & growing season) Waters receded but Nile high enough tofillirrigationMid-October to mid-Februarycanals; crops planted and tendedShemu (harvest season)Mid-February to mid-JuneCrops in the Lower Nile harvested and sent to marketNote: Average rainfall, historically and today, has remained about the same. The Nile delta receives about four inchesper year. The Nile Valley south of Cairo receives less than one inch. In comparison, Atlanta, Georgia, gets about50 inches of rain annually and Phoenix, Arizona, about eight inches.Document Analysis1. What differences do you see between the Egyptian seasons and the standard seasons in much ofthe United States today?2. Usually the flood season produced a "good Nile," just the right amount of water. What might bethe consequences of a "bad Nile"- too much or too little water?3. The population of Ancient Egypt was probably about one miUion, 95 percent of whom werefarmers. According to the chart, when were farmers busiest?4. When would this large work force of farmers be available to work on government projects,like building palaces and tombs?5. How does this document help you answer the question: How did the Nile shape Ancient Egypt?This page may be reproduced for classroom usem

The Nile & Ancient Egypt Mini-QDocument CSource: Illustration by Oliver Frey inLiving in Ancient Egypt, Norman Bancroft Hunt, editor. Thalamus Publishing, 2009.Note: The Nile River flows south tonorth against a prevailing northerly wind. In ancient times, boatstraveling upstream against the Nilecurrent used a sail or rowers orboth. Boats traveling downstreamto the north often just floated withthe help of steering oars. TheNile current was about four knots(4 mph) during flood season. Itslowed to a sluggish one knot (1mph) during the rest of the year.Document Analysis1. What is being transported by the barge (the vessel pulled by tugboats)?2. What is likely being carried by the large sailboat?3. What direction are the sailboats, barge, and tugs traveling? Explain your reasoning.4. Drawing from evidence in the document, what arefiveoccupations in Egypt that depended insome way on the Nile River?5. How does this document help you answer the question: How did the Nile shape Ancient Egypt? 2011 The DBQ ProjectThis page may be reproduced for classroom use63

The Nile & Ancient Egypt Mini-QDocument DSource: Painting from the tomb of a tradesman named Sennedjem, who lived sometime between 1307 and 1196 BCE.Note: The afterlife of Ancient Egypt was a paradise called the Field of Reeds, shown in this tomb painting. Those whoseheart had the correct weight at death could, after a long journey live in the Field of Reeds forever. The Field ofReeds was believed to be somewhere in the east, near the rising sun.Top:The sun god, Ra, traveling across the sky in hisboat. Baboons, because they were so noisy inthe morning, were believed to be worshipping Ra.Bottom panels:Date palms andornamental plantsBorder:The Nile Riverand irrigationcanalsMiddle panels:Harvesting emmerwheat; harvesting flaxto weave into linen clothDocument Analysis1. The middle panels of this tomb painting show the deceased and his wife engaged in various activities. What kind of activities are they?2. What natural and man-made objects can you identify in the bottom three panels?3. What would disappear from this picture of paradise if the Nile weren't present?4. Using this document only, explain how the Nile shaped Ancient Egypt. 2011 The DBQ ProjectThis page may be reproduced for classroom use65

The Nile & Ancient Egypt Mini-QDocument ESource: From the song "Hymn to the Nile," circa 2100 BCE.Hail to you, oh Nile,spring from the ground, come to keep the land alive.who floods the fields that Ra [the sun god] has createdto make all the animals live.who produces barley and makes wheat grow,that the temples might be in festival.If he is sluggish, noses suffocate,everyone is impoverished.If he rises, the land is in exultation,and everyone is in joy.Document Analysis1. What is a hymn?2. According to the "Hymn to the Nile," why do the Egyptian people praise the river?3. What is the one "bad" behavior of the river that is mentioned? What is the result?4. The famous Greek historian Herodotus once wrote that "Egypt. is, so to speak, the gift of theNile." What did he mean and was he right?5. How does this document help you answer the question: How did the Nile shape Ancient Egypt? 2011 The DBQ ProjectThis page may be reproduced for classroom use67

The Nile & Ancient Egypt Mini-Q Document B Source: Chart adapted from Katherine Hinds, Life in Ancient Egypt: Ttie Countryside, Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2007. The Nile River Flood Cycle Akhet (flood season) Fields in the Nile floodplain covered in water and f

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