GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE

Post Harvest Profile of ChilliChilli is considered as one of the most important commercial spice crops and is widelyused universal spice, named as wonder spice. Different varieties are cultivated for varieduses like vegetable, pickles, spice and condiments. Chilli (botanically known as Capsicumannuum L.; Capsicum frutescene L.), also called red pepper belongs to the genuscapsicum, under the solanaceae family. It is believed to have originated in South America.Chillies are referred to as chillies, chile, hot peppers, bell peppers, red peppers, podpeppers, cayenne peppers, paprika, pimento, and capsicum in different parts of the world.Chillies are integral and the most important ingredient in many different cuisinesaround the world as it adds pungency, taste, flavour and color to the dishes. Indian chilli isconsidered to be world famous for two important commercial qualities—its colour andpungency levels. Some varieties are famous for the red colour because of the pigmentCapsanthin and others are known for biting pungency attributed to capsaicin. The otherquality parameters in chilli are length, width and skin thickness.Attempts have been made while preparing the Profile of chilli to give informationon various aspects of Post Harvest Management, Marketing Functions and Services,Marketing Channels, Costs and Margins, alternative system of marketing and other relatedinformation.The profile has been prepared by Dr. Rajendra R. Karpate, Marketing Officer,under the supervision and guidance of Shri Rakesh Saxena, Dy. Agricultural MarketingAdviser, Branch Head office, Nagpur with the overall guidance of Agricultural MarketingAdviser.The technical assistance and cooperation extended by various Government andSemi Govt. Organizations, Research Centers under Indian Council of AgriculturalResearch, Trade Associations and the Regional and Sub-Offices of DMI is thankfullyacknowledged.The Government of India should not be regarded as assuming responsibility for anyof the statements contained in this profile.Sd/(Rajendra Kumar Tiwari)Agricultural Marketing Adviserto the Government of IndiaFaridabadDated the12/11/2010-2-

Post Harvest Profile of ChilliC O N T E N T SPage .33.0OriginImportanceMajor producing countries in the worldMajor producing states in IndiaZone-wise major commercial varietiesPOST-HARVEST MANAGEMENT10-253.13.2Post-harvest lossesHarvesting & Post Harvest Care3.3Grading3.3.13.3.23.3.33.43.53.6Grade specificationsAdulterants and toxinsGrading at producers’ level and under AgmarkPackagingTransportationStorage3.6.1Major storage pests and their control3.6.2Storage structures3.6.3Storage facilitiesi)ii)iii)iv)v)3.6.4At producers’ levelRural godownsMandi godownsCWC and SWC warehousesCo-operative storagePledge finance-3-

Post Harvest Profile of Chilli4.05.0MARKETING PRACTICES AND CONSTRAINTS26-344.1Assembling4.1.1 Arrivals4.1.2 Despatches4.2Distribution4.2.1 Inter-state movements4.3Export and Import4.3.1 Sanitary and Phyto-Sanitary requirements4.3.2 Export procedures4.4Marketing constraintsMARKETING CHANNELS, COSTS AND MARGINS35-375.15.26.0MARKETING INFORMATION AND EXTENSION38-416.16.27.0Marketing channelsMarketing costs and marginsMarketing informationMarketing extensionALTERNATIVE SYSTEMS OF MARKETING42-447.17.27.37.4Direct marketingContract marketingCo-operative marketingForward and futures markets8.0INSTITUTIONAL FACILITIES45-558.1Marketing schemes of Govt./Public Sector8.2Institutional credit facilities8.3Organisations / agencies providing marketing services9.0UTILIZATION56-579.1Processing-4-

Post Harvest Profile of Chilli9.2Uses10.0DO’S AND DON’TS58-6011.061REFERENCESANNEXURES62-71-5-

Post Harvest Profile of Chilli1.0 INTRODUCTIONChilli is one of the most important commercial crops of India. It isgrown almost throughout the country. Th

annuum L.; Capsicum frutescene L.), also called red pepper belongs to the genus capsicum, under the solanaceae family. It is believed to have originated in South America. Chillies are referred to as chillies, chile, hot peppers, bell peppers, red peppers, pod peppers, cayenne peppers, paprik