Packet Delay Variation Performance Analysis For VOIP Over UMTS Networks
International Journal of Engineering, Applied and Management Sciences Paradigms, Vol. 35, Issue 01Publishing Month: May 2016An Indexed and Referred JournalISSN (Online): 2320-6608www.ijeam.comPacket Delay Variation Performance Analysis for VOIPOver UMTS NetworksAtyaf Mohamed Abdalwahad Mohamed1, Dr. Khalid Hamid Bilal2 and Dr. Mustafa Mohamed Alhassan31Department of Communication, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan2University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan3Department of Communication, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Neelain University, Khartoum, SudanPublishing Date: May 30, 2016Telecommunications Union IMT-2000 standard setand compares with the CDMA2000 standard set fornetworks based on the competing Cdma Onetechnology [2]. The technology described in UMTSis sometimes referred to as Freedom of MobileMultimedia Access (FOMA) [4] or 3GSM. UMTSuses wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) radio access technology to offer greaterspectral efficiency and bandwidth to mobile networkoperators. [2], a technology that shares much withCDMA networks used throughout the world, thoughit is not compatible with them. [5]The UMTS System Concept enablesnetwork operators to provide universal mobiletelecommunications coverage in diverse as multioperator, multi-vendor, It is provides forinterworking with other telecommunications systems,including private networks such as office systems.Multiple advanced the UMTS System Offers manyservices such as high bit rate, multimedia services,and the service requirement of the users in aconsistent and personalized manner wherever he islocated. The UMTS system concept supportsadaptive terminals able to access different radioaccess technologies, with the capability of beingupgraded with the passage of time and support end toend negotiation to establish and maintain certaincommunication capability.[6]With the widespread availability ofadvanced mobile phones and Pocket PCs, the needfor VoIP applications on these mobile platforms isnecessary. VoIP technology has become prevalenttoday due to its lower cost than traditional telephonyand its ability to support new value-added services.Additionally, the increasing availability of wirelessinternet access has led to research studies examiningthe combination of wireless network access withvoice over IP. [7]Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a group oftechnologies and protocols that using the digital dataAbstractWith the widespread availability of advanced mobilephones and Pocket PCs, the need for VoIP applications onthese mobile platforms is tangible. In this thesis, weevaluate Voice over IP service over UMTS network interms of feasibility and quality. In order to easilyimplement an IP-based service on UMTS technology, weused the GPRS service, which provided by the UMTSoperators. Following this we build different scenarios ofVoIP using op-net software with different number of nodsand cells to measure the performance of Packet Delayvariation and mean opinion score (MOS) in voice over IP .We studied and discussed the Packet Delay variation andmean opinion score performance for VoIP in UMTSnetwork in the different scenarios, and then compare andanalyzing the results to evaluate the performance of VoIP.The results show that the proper adaptation of QoSprovides the best performance.Keywords: VoIP, OPNET, UMTS, Packet DelayVariation, MOS.1. IntroductionNowadays communication is going to be popular dueto wireless communication; cellular technology isemerged rapidly, based on the demand of the users.Cellular systems accommodate a large number ofmobile units over a large area within a limitedfrequency spectrum. A cellular radio system providesa wireless connection to the public telephone networkfor any user location within the radio range of thesystem.[1]The Universal Mobile TelecommunicationsSystem (UMTS) is an umbrella term thatencompasses the third generation (3G) radiotechnologies developed and maintained by the 3GPP(3rd Generation Partnership Project). UMTS is anetwork standard used throughout much of the worldas an upgrade to existing GSM mobile networks [3].UMTS is a component of the InternationalIJEAMwww.ijeam.com34
International Journal of Engineering, Applied and Management Sciences Paradigms, Vol. 35, Issue 01Publishing Month: May 2016An Indexed and Referred JournalISSN (Online): 2320-6608www.ijeam.comnetwork to sent the voice call, which analogue signalconversion into a digital signal so that it can over thenetwork. By offering Voice over IP moving towardthrough network, where voice, data, and video alltravel along the digital data network. Digital datatransmission using VoIP is also faster, as the data isspread out over multiple packets; each of them istaking the shortest and fastest path to reach thedestination. Other terms commonly associated withVoIP are IP telephony, Internet telephony, broadbandtelephony, and broadband phone service.The purpose of this thesis is to study the UMTSNetwork features and services, however to evaluateMOS5the QoS for VOIP performance of the 3G/UMTSnetwork based on the performance metrics of packetdelay variation and mean opinion score(MOS).Packet Delay Variation: Is the delay in theexpected time for the arrival of packets required forthe destination, whoever the sent packets over thenetwork do not arrive at the same time but atdifferent times, and this difference is called PacketDelay Variation.Mean Opinion Score (MOS): is attesting thatprovides a numerical index to illustrate the quality ofservice in the phone networks observed by users ordestinations reception.Table 1: The classification of the ceptible3Fairlightly annoying2PoorAnnoying1Badextremely annoying2. MethodologyWe have used OPNET Modeler, in our simulation; we have designed different scenarios for voice conference andmeasure the performance of delay in voice packet according to the Codec's. G729A and GSM Codec, as well asmeet the goal to analysis the quality voice over the internet protocol in 3G/UMTS wireless networks. Then we willevaluate the results improving the QoS to support in 3G network for successful transmission.3. Mathimatical Model(A) Mathematical equation of delay𝒏𝑷𝑫𝑽 {𝐭’ 𝐧 𝐭 𝐧 𝛍 𝟐}/𝐧 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (𝟏)𝒊 𝟏Where:PDV is the packet delay variation, μ is the average delay of n selected packets.(B) Mathematical equation of mean opinion score (MOS):The MOS is calculated using a non-linear mapped R factor:MOS 𝟏 𝟎. 𝟎𝟑𝟓𝑹 𝟕 𝟏𝟎 𝟔 𝑹 𝑹 𝟔𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝑹 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (𝟐)Where:MOS is the mean opinion score, R 100 – Is – Ie – Id AIs: voice signal impairment effects; Ie: impairment losses suffered due to the network and codec’sId: impairment delays particularly mouth-to-ear delay. R: mean opinion score factor.IJEAMwww.ijeam.com35
International Journal of Engineering, Applied and Management Sciences Paradigms, Vol. 35, Issue 01Publishing Month: May 2016An Indexed and Referred JournalISSN (Online): 2320-6608www.ijeam.comComputer Model:StartEnter thenumber of nodsIs thenumber ofnods in (2, 4,and 20)?NOYesEnter thesimulation timeBuild thenetworkscenarioRun thesimulationGet the resultsEndIJEAMwww.ijeam.com36
International Journal of Engineering, Applied and Management Sciences Paradigms, Vol. 35, Issue 01Publishing Month: May 2016An Indexed and Referred JournalISSN (Online): 2320-6608www.ijeam.comthe nodes and links from the object palette such thatto reduce the losses and impairments effects.4. Simulator environmentThe tool used for simulations is OPNET Modeler asit provides the results very closer to the real timeenvironment. The models were created by selectingThe simulation of VoIP application over the UMTSNetwork with the OPNET Software was completedunder the following UMTS Network parameters.Table 2: The environment that has the simulation depending uponParametervalueNetworkAreaNumber of nodsNumber of cellCell radiusPowerFrequencySimulation timeData rateMaximum Bit rate for uplink & downlinkVoice codec typeUMTS0.5-5KM2 , 4, And 201,50.5KM1900GHZ(10-50)M ,(1-10)H & 24H240Kps64KpsPCMNameG.711Frame size(sec)10msecLock ahead size(sec)0 secDSP Processing ratio1.0Coding rate (bits/sec)64 kbpsSpeech activity detectionDisabledStart time offset (seconds)Constant (0)Duration (seconds)End of simulationUMTS PDCP CompressionDisabledUMTS RLC Processing time0.0015from the OPNET software shows UMTS Networkscenario with different number of nodes ,andconfiguration.5 . SimulationAfter setting the simulation parameters for the UMTSnetwork with VoIP Application , the screenshotsIJEAMwww.ijeam.com37
International Journal of Engineering, Applied and Management Sciences Paradigms, Vol. 35, Issue 01Publishing Month: May 2016An Indexed and Referred JournalISSN (Online): 2320-6608www.ijeam.comFigure 1: The simulation of two nodsFigure 2: The simulation of four nodsIJEAMwww.ijeam.com38
International Journal of Engineering, Applied and Management Sciences Paradigms, Vol. 35, Issue 01Publishing Month: May 2016An Indexed and Referred JournalISSN (Online): 2320-6608www.ijeam.comFigure 3: The simulation of twenty nods6. ResultsResults for 2 nodesTable 3: The results of two Hdelay 252243.2095743.219333.307865IJEAMwww.ijeam.com39
International Journal of Engineering, Applied and Management Sciences Paradigms, Vol. 35, Issue 01Publishing Month: May 2016An Indexed and Referred JournalISSN (Online): 1051015200510152025Simulation time25Simulation timeFigure 4: The delay variation for two nodesFigure 5: The MOS for two nodesResults for 4 nodes:Table 4: The results of four Hdelay 95863.30787IJEAMwww.ijeam.com40
International Journal of Engineering, Applied and Management Sciences Paradigms, Vol. 35, Issue 01Publishing Month: May 2016An Indexed and Referred JournalISSN (Online): ation timeFigure 6: The delay variation for four nodes10152025Simulation timeFigure 7: The MOS for four nodesResults for 20 nodes:Table 5: The results of 20 Hdelay 212293.307908IJEAMwww.ijeam.com41
International Journal of Engineering, Applied and Management Sciences Paradigms, Vol. 35, Issue 01Publishing Month: May 2016An Indexed and Referred JournalISSN (Online): 2320-6608www.ijeam.comFig 4.8 delay vs. simulation time0.353.350.33.3Fig 3.9 MOS vs. simulation time3.250.253.2PDV0.2MOS 3.150.153.10.13.050.05300246810Simulation time2.9505101520Simulation timeFigure 8: The delay for twenty nodesFigure 9: The MOS for twenty nodesdecreasing by 0.065718,from 6H up to 9H it isincreasing as increasing exponential function, from9H up to 10H the delay is decreasing by 0.276657and from 10H to 24H it was decreased by 0.022198.The average is 0.280969 0.145658 (The standerdeviation).Figure(7) shows the MOS for the four nodesverses the simulation time we can see that the MOSis increasing as increasing exponential function whenthe simulation time is increasing. We observed thatthe quality of the network is good.Figure(8) shows the packet delay variationfor the twenty nodes verses the simulation time wecan see that from 0 up to 2H it is increasing by0.004497and from 2H up to 10H it is increasing as anincreasing exponential function. The average is0.094379 0.086893 (The stander deviation).Figure(9) shows the MOS for the twentynodes verses the simulation time we can see that theMOS is increasing as increasing exponential functionwhen the simulation time is increasing. We observedthat the quality of the network is good.7. Result DiscussionTables (3, 4, 5) shows the simulation time that beenused and the packet delay variation in the definedtime and the MOS associated with it.Figure (4) shows the packet delay variationfor the two nodes verses the simulation time we cansee that the packet delay variation is decreasing as adecreasing exponential function when the simulationtime is increasing.Figure(5) shows the MOS for the two nodes versesthe simulation time we can see that the MOS isincreasing as increasing exponential function whenthe simulation time is increasing. We observed thatthe quality of the network is in between fair and goodnetwork quality.Figure(6) shows the packet delay variationfor the four nodes verses the simulation time we cansee that from 0 up to one hour the packet delayvariation is decreasing as a decreasing exponentialfunction, from 1H up to 4H the it is increasing asincreasing exponential function, from 4H up to 5Hthe it is remain constant, from 5Hup to 6H it isIJEAMwww.ijeam.com4225
International Journal of Engineering, Applied and Management Sciences Paradigms, Vol. 35, Issue 01Publishing Month: May 2016An Indexed and Referred JournalISSN (Online): 2320-6608www.ijeam.com8. ConclusionThe goal of the project is to study the VoIPapplication over the UMTS Network. The experimenthad been carried out using OP-NET software basedon packet delay variation and mean opinion score(MOS) parameters. The parameter which was takenin our simulation was shown in table (2). After theexecution of the simulator we get the results in termsof tables and graphs. We studied and discussed theperformance for VoIP in UMTS network in differentscenarios, and then compare and analyzing the resultsto evaluate the performance of VoIP. From the resultswe observed the following: When the number of nods increases its causesthat the value of packet delay variation isincreased.The delay affected by the data rate, as much thedata rate increased the delay is decreased.We observed that the quality of the network isgood.References[1] Kamil Sh. Zigangirov,” Theory of Code DivisionMultiple Access Communication”, Institute ofElectrical and Electronics Engineers, tem-umts.[4] Marola Yousri Yousif Masood , 2Dr. AminBabiker A/Nabi Mustafa 3Dr. Ahmed SalahAbdallah “UMTS vs LTE Coverage by signallevel and overlapping zone A ComparativeStudy” IJRDO-Journal Of Electrical AndElectronics Engineering, VOL 2 ISSUE 2February 2015.[ 5] Kaaranen, Ahtiainen, Laitinen, Naghian, Niemi”UMTS Networks – Architecture, Mobility andServices”2nd edition, Wiley 2005.[6]V. Mancuso, I. Tinnirello ,UMTS CoreNetwork,http://www.tti.unipa.it/ ilenia/course/13-umtscore.pdf.[7] Homayoun,Derakhshanno,” Voice over IP overGPRS” Stockholm, April 30th 2008.IJEAMwww.ijeam.com43
UMTS uses wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA) radio access technology to offer greater spectral efficiency and bandwidth to mobile network operators. [2], a technology that shares much with CDMA networks used throughout the world, though it is not compatible with them. [5] The UMTS System Concept enables
Mendelssohn: Variations sérieuses, Op. 54 cm Andante sostenuto 0:53 cn Variation 1 0:40 Variation 2 – Un poco più animato 0:31 cp Variation 3 – Più animato 0:22 cq Variation 4 0:23 cr Variation 5 – Agitato 0:26 cs Variation 6 – a tempo 0:27 ct Variation 7 0:25 cu Variation 8
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