B.Sc ( HORTICULTURE ) SEMESTER - I PAPER - I: Fundamentals Of .
B.Sc ( HORTICULTURE ) SEMESTER – IPAPER – I: Fundamentals of 62.73.13.23.33.43.53.63.7Introduction and Principles of Horticulture:Unit - IDefinition of Horticulture.Importance of horticulture in terms of economy, production, employment.generation, environmental protection and human resource development .Scope for horticulture in India. Nutritive value of horticultural crops .Divisions of horticulture with suitable examples and their importance.Classification of horticulture crops based on soil and climatic requirements.Fruit and Vegetable zones of India and Andhra Pradesh.Unit – IIDefinition of a nursery.Different types of nursery beds – flat beds, raised beds and sunkenbeds, their merits and demerits.Different nursery techniques and their management.Vegetable gardens, nutrition and kitchen garden, truck garden, Vegetable forcing,market gardens and roof gardens .Different steps in planning and layout establishment and management oforchards.Different s systems of planting orchards - square, rectangle, quincunx,hexagonal and contour systems of planting – their merits and demerits .Calculation of planting densities in different systems of planting.Unit – IIIPruning: Definition, objectives.Principles and methods of pruning of fruit crops.Training: Definition, objectives.Principles and methods of training of fruit crops: Open centre, Closedcentre and Modified leader systems, their merits and demerits.Bearing habits in horticultural crops.Irrigation: definition, different methods of irrigation followed in horticulturalcrops, their merits and demerits.Manures and fertilizers: Definition, different methods of application of manuresand fertilizers to horticultural crops.1
Preharvesting and Propagation of Horticultural Plants:Unit – IVCropping systems: Inter cropping and multi – tier cropping, their merits anddemerits with suitable examples.Practical uses of growth regulators in horticulture .Fruitfulness and unfruitfulness: Definitions, Factors influencing thefruitfulness and unfruitfulness with suitable examples.Rejuvenation of old orchards, Importance of rejuvenation: Top working andFrame working.Maturity: Definition, Different methods to judge maturity in horticulturalcrops.Unit- VPropagation: Definition, Methods, Sexual and asexual, advantages anddisadvantages of each method, Asexual method of propagation, propagation bydivision and separation.Propagation by cuttings: Definition of cutting, Different methods of cuttings,semi hard wood, soft wood and herbaceous stem cuttings, examples for eachtype; Leaf cuttings.Plant propagation by layering: Definition of layering and layer; Types oflayering : Ground layering – Tip layering, Simple layering, Trench layering,Mound or Stool layering and Compound or Serpentine layering, examplesfor each type; Air layering examples.Plant propagation by grafting: Definition; methods of grafting: Attachedscion methods of grafting, Simple inarching or approach grafting; Detachedscion methods of grafting: Pre-curing of scion, Side grafting methods:Veneergrafting, Apical grafting methods, Epicotyle grafting, Soft wood grafting,Double working, Top working.Plant propagation by budding: Definition of budding; Methods of budding:T- budding and Inverted T- budding, patch budding and ring 2.3.4.Study of tools and implements in horticulture.Layout of different planting systems.Layout of nutrition garden.Preparation of nursery beds for sowing of vegetable seeds.2
Digging of pits for fruit plants.Preparation of fertilizer mixtures and field application.Identification and management of nutritional disorders in vegetables.Study and practicing of different propagation methods by cutting, layering,division.9. Study and practicing of different propagation methods by grafting and budding.5.6.7.8.123456789Reference Books:Fundamentals of Horticulture, Edmond, J.B., Sen., T.L., Andrews, F.S andHalfacre R.G, 1963. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi.Introduction to Horticulture, Kumar, N. 1990. Rajyalakshmi Publications,Nagarcoil, Tamilnadu.Basic Horticulture, Jitendra Sing, 2002. Kalyani Publishers, Hyderabad.Fundamentals of Fruit Production, Garner V R, Bradford F C and Hooker Jr. H D,1957. McGraw Hill Book Co., New York.Plant Propagation. Principles and Practices, Hartman, HT and Kester,D.E.1976, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. Bombay.Plant Propagation. Sadhu, M.K. 1996. New Age International Publishers,New Delhi.Propagation of Fruit Crops, Mukherjee, S.K. and Majumdar, P.K.1973. ICAR,New Delhi.Propagation of Tropical Fruit Trees, Ganner, R.J. and Choudari, S.A. 1972.Oxford & IBH Publishing Co., New Delhi.Propagation of Horticultural Crops: Principles and Practices, Sarma, R.R. 2002.Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.ACHARYA NAGARJUNA UNIVERSITYB.Sc (Horticulture)B.Sc., SEMESTER – IISno Course123First LanguageEnglishSecond LanguageTotalMarks100Mid SemExam25Sem EndExam75Teaching CreditsHours431002575435005022(Tel/Hin/Urdu/Sans )Foundation course - 3Environmental Sci3
4Foundation course – 4AICT – 1 (Information &5005022DSC* 1 B(Group Sub- 1)DSC 1 B Lab Practical1002575435005022DSC 2 B(Group Sub- 2)DSC 2 B Lab Practical1002575435005022DSC 3 B(Group Sub- 3)DSC 3 B Lab on Technol)5678910ACHARYA NAGARJUNA UNIVERSITYB.Sc (Horticulture)B.Sc (Horticulture) Semester IIPaper II: Postharvest Technology Of Horticultural CropsTheoryUnit IImportance of Postharvest handling.Maturity and maturity indices of Horticultural crops.Harvesting methods of Horticultural crops.Factors responsible for maturity, ripening and deterioration of Horticultural crops.Preharvest factors: Selection of varieties, Cultural operations, Preharvest treatmentMaturity and Harvesting.Unit IIPostharvest factors: Curing, degreening, precooling, washing and drying, storingand grading, disinfestations, Postharvest treatments and Waxing.Physiological and Biochemical changes during ripening.Harvesting of horticultural crops: Manual and Mechanical methods of harvesting.Methods used for hastening and delaying ripening: Chemicals that hasten ripeningand chemicals that delay ripening.Ethylene in Postharvest technology.Unit IIIRespiration and transpiration in relation to harvesting, packing, transportation andstorage.Nature and causes of deterioration: a) Primary causes of losses– i) Mechanicallosses, ii)Physio-biochemical losses, iii)Microbial losses, iv)Physical losses.4
Secondary causes of losses.Impact of postharvest losses.Technologies for minimizing losses .Methods of precooling, grading, packaging, storage and transport of horticulturalcrops.Unit IVPrinciples and method of preservation: Preservation by asepsis, high temperature,low temperature, chemicals, drying, filtration, carbonation, sugar, salt,fermentation, acids, oil and spices, antibiotics, irradiation.Canning and bottling of fruits and vegetables.Causes for spoilage of canned foods.Unfermented fruit beverages: Preparation and preservation of unfermented fruitbeverages–Juices, RTS, Nectar, Cordial, Squash, Syrup, Fruit juice concentrate,Crush.Unit VFermented fruit beverage: Different types of wine preparation.Jams, jellies and Marmalades – Procedure for preparation.Preservation by sugar: Candies, Crystallized fruits, Preservation, procedure forpreparation.Preservation by salt: Pickles.Food laws.Practicals123456712345Visit to a commercial nurseries in the locality and adjoining areas.Microscopic studies on foliar diseases of horticultural crops.Practice in judging the maturity indices of fruits and vegetables.Preparation of juices and squashes.Preparation of jam and jelly.Preparation of ketchup and sauce.Preparation of pickles.Reference Books:Postharvest Technology of Fruits and Vegetables, Thompson, A.K1996. Blackwellscience, London.Principles and Practice of Postharvest Technology, Pandey, P.H. 1998. KalyaniPublisher, Ludhiana.Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops, Sudheer, K.P. 2007. New IndiaPublishing Agency, New Delhi.Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Principles Practice, Srivastava, R.P. and SanjeevKumar 1998. International Book Distribution Co., Lucknow .Preservation of Fruits and Vegetables. Girdharilal, G. S., Siddappa and Tandon,G.L. 1998. ICAR, New Delhi.5
678A Handbook on Postharvest Management of Fruits & Vegetables, P.Jacob John2008. Baya publishing House, Delhi.Postharvest–An Introduction to the Physiology & Handling of Fruits &Vegetables, R.B.H. Wills, W.B.Mc Glassan, D. Graham, T.H. Lee & E.G. Hall.CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi .Small–scale Postharvest Technology, Kitinoja, L& Kader, A.A. 2002.Research and Information Center, University of California , Davis.ACHARYA NAGARJUNA UNIVERSITYB.Sc (Horticulture)B.Sc., SEMESTER – IIISEMESTER – IIISno Course12TotalMarks100Mid C 2 C(Group Sub- 2)DSC 2 C Practical1002575435005022DSC 3 C(Group Sub- 3)DSC 3 C Practical1002575435005022Total750--3025First LanguageEnglishSecond LanguageSem EndExam75Teaching CreditsHours43(Tel/Hin/Urdu/Sans )345678910Foundation Course - 5EntrepreneurshipFoundation course -2BCommunication & SoftSkills -2DSC 1 C(Group Sub- 1)DSC 1 C Practical6
ACHARYA NAGARJUNA UNIVERSITYB.Sc (Horticulture)B.Sc ( HORTICULTURE ) SEMESTER – IIIPaper III – PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF FRUIT CROPSTheory syllabusUnit I: Introduction to Fruit CropsImportance of fruit growing in India and Andhra Pradesh.Nutritive value of fruits.Area and production of India and Andhra Pradesh.Export and import potential of fruits in India.Constraints in fruit production and remedies to overcome them.Unit II: Cultivation practices of tropical fruit cropsOrigin, history, distribution, area and production, uses and composition, varieties,soil and climatic requirements, propagation, planting, training and pruning,manuring and fertilizer application, irrigation, intercropping, harvesting and yield,diseases and pests of the following tropical fruit crops:MangoBananaCitrusGuavaPapayaUnit III: Cultivation practices of sub-tropical and temperate fruit cropsOrigin, history, distribution, area and production, uses and composition, varieties,soil and climatic requirements, propagation, planting, training and pruning,manuring and fertilizer application, irrigation, intercropping, harvesting and yield,diseases and pests of the following sub-tropical and temperate fruit crops:GrapesPomegranateApplePearCultivation practices of arid and minor fruit crops:Unit IVOrigin, history, distribution, area and production, uses and composition, varieties,soil and climatic requirements, propagation, planting, training and pruning,manuring and fertilizer application, irrigation, inter cropping, harvesting and yield,diseases and pests of the following arid fruit crops:AmlaBerTamarind7
Unit VOrigin, history, distribution, area and production, uses and composition, varieties,soil and climatic requirements, propagation, planting, training and pruning,manuring and fertilizer application, irrigation, inter cropping, harvesting and yield,diseases and pests of the following minor fruit crops:JamunBaelWood applePracticals1234567891011Study of varieties of Mango and Banana.Study of varieties of Grape and Citrus.Study of varieties of Papaya, Sopata and Guava.Manure and fertilizer application including biofertilizers in different fruit crops(Methods of application, calculation of the required quantity of manure andfertilizers based on the nutrient content).Study of varieties of Pomegranate, Custard apple and BerStudy of varieties of Apple.Study of varieties of minor fruit cropsUse of growth regulators in fruit crops.Identification and collection of important pests in fruit crops.Identification and collection of important diseases in fruit crops and Herbariumpreparation.Visit to a fruit market/commercial orchidsReference Books:Text book on Pomology (Fundamentals of fruit growing), Chattopadhyay,T.K.1997. Kalyani Publishers, Hyderabad.2Citriculture, Rajput, C.B.S. and Srihari Babu, R. 1958. Kalyani Publishers,New Delhi.3Banana, Simmonds, 1966 II Edition. Longman, London.4Arid Fruit Culture, Chundawat, B.S. 1990. Oxford and IBH, New Delhi.18
ACHARYA NAGARJUNA UNIVERSITYB.Sc (Horticulture)B.Sc., SEMESTER – IVSEMESTER – IVSno Course1234TotalMarks50Mid SemExam*0500502250050225005022DSC 1 D(Group Sub- 1)DSC 1 D Lab Practical1002575435005022DSC 2 D(Group Sub- 2)DSC 2 D Lab Practical1002575435005022DSC 3 D(Group Sub- 3)DSC 3 D Lab Practical1002575435005022Total750--3025Foundation Course – 2C*Communication & SoftSkills -3Foundation Course – 6*Analytical SkillsFoundation Course - 7 **CE (Citizenship Education)Foundation course – 4BICT – 2 (Information &Sem EndExam50Teaching CreditsHours**22Communication Technol)5678910*To be taught by English Teachers (and partly by Maths/Stat Teachers)** To be taught by Telugu Teachers9
ACHARYA NAGARJUNA UNIVERSITYB.Sc (Horticulture)B.Sc ( HORTICULTURE ) SEMESTER – IVPaper IV– PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF VEGETABLE CROPSTheory syllabusUnit IOlericulture definition.Importance of vegetables in human nutrition and national economy.Types of vegetable gardens.Classification of vegetables based on botany, plant part used as vegetables,seasons of growing and methods of culture.Unit IIOrigin, Taxonomy, importance, growth habits (wherever applicable), varieties,climate and soil, nursery raising, transplanting, spacing, manuring, irrigation, intercultivation, harvesting, different stages of maturity, physiological disorders, causesand control and yield of the following tropical vegetables:Tomato, Brinjal.Chilli, Okra.Gourds: Bottle gourd, Snake gourd, Bitter gourd and Ash gourd.Unit III:Importance, botany, climate and soil, varieties, cultivation, pruning and training,manuring and fertilization, intercultural operations, irrigation, harvesting andpostharvest management :Water melon and Musk melon.Onion.Beans & Pea: French bean, Cluster bean, Cow pea, Dolichos bean and Pea.Unit IVImportance, Botany, varieties, climate and soil, seeds and sowing, manuring,irrigation, intercultural operations, harvesting and yield of following crops:Tuber crops: Colocasia, Elephant foot yam and Dioscorea.Root tubers: Sweet Potato, Tapioca .Root crops : Carrot, Radish, Turnip and Beet root.Unit VImportance, botany, climate and soil, sowing, manuring, irrigation, interculturaloperations, harvesting and postharvest management :Cole Crops: Cabbage, Cauliflower, Knoll-knol.Leafy vegetables: Amaranthus, Palak, Gogu.Perennial vegetables: Coccinia, Curry leaf and Drumstick.10
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1.2 Importance of horticulture in terms of economy, production, employment. generation, environmental protection and human resource development . 1.3 Scope for horticulture in India. Nutritive value of horticultural crops . 1.4 Divisions of horticulture with suitable examples and their importance.
Course Title - Principles of Horticulture and production technology of fruit crops Credit hours - 3 (2 1) Lec.No. Topic / Lecture Page No. 1 Definitions of Horticulture-literal meaning, olden day‘s horticulture and modern horticulture. Divisions of horticulture-Pomology, olericulture ,floriculture (commercial
Texts of Wow Rosh Hashana II 5780 - Congregation Shearith Israel, Atlanta Georgia Wow ׳ג ׳א:׳א תישארב (א) ׃ץרֶָֽאָּהָּ תאֵֵ֥וְּ םִימִַׁ֖שַָּה תאֵֵ֥ םיקִִ֑לֹאֱ ארָָּ֣ Îָּ תישִִׁ֖ארֵ Îְּ(ב) חַורְָּ֣ו ם
AGY 303 LECTURE NOTE FUNDAMENTALS OF HORTICULTURE Introduction Horticulture is derived from two Latin words: Hortus and Colere. Horticulture is a science that deals with the production and utilization of garden crops. Horticulture is divided into four branches. Floriculture: the science of production and utilization of ornamental plants
2-semester project Semester 1 Semester 2 Semester 3 1-semester project Semester 2 Semester 3 BA to MA Student Semester 1 Semester 2 Select a faculty member to se rve as Project A dvisor Co m plete Project F orm #1, with A dviso r‘s signature, and file it with the Program Director Deve lop a wri tten Project Pr oposa l, and
Horticulture I 6841, is designed to be taught after students have completed Introductk .t to Agriculture and Natural Resources. The course contains five broad units of insttuction, specifying 39 competencies. The focus of the course is on basic knowledge and skills for Horticulture, upon whic
This course also focuses on horticulture structures. Course Description: Horticulture Plant Processes focuses on plant propagation, principles of pest management greenhouse crops, and olericulture production. Course Description: Horticulture Nursery is a comprehensive course that reviews leadership, careers,
horticulture may be an existing use or a temporary use on small lots adjacent to residential uses. Table 1 outlines recommended levels of assessment for intensive horticulture in these zones or precinct. 2 A local Government could establish an intensive production precinct in its planning scheme to support intensive horticulture in the rural zone.
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