Agricultural Science GricualSc - Roxborosec.edu.tt
cSlarutCSECluAgriculturalucirgAecn Science ralSutlu gricAenc ralSutlcu SYLLABUSSPECIMEN PAPERMARK SCHEMESUBJECT REPORTS
Macmillan Education4 Crinan Street, London, N1 9XWA division of Macmillan Publishers LimitedCompanies and representatives throughout the worldwww.macmillan-caribbean.comISBN 978-0-230-48225-8 Caribbean Examinations Council (CXC ) 2015www.cxc.orgwww.cxc-store.comThe author has asserted their right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with theCopyright, Design and Patents Act 1988.First published 2014This revised version published 2015Permission to copyThe material in this book is copyright. However, the publisher grants permission for copies to bemade without fee. Individuals may make copies for their own use or for use by classes of which theyare in charge; institutions may make copies for use within and by the staff and students of thatinstitution. For copying in any other circumstances, prior permission in writing must be obtainedfrom Macmillan Publishers Limited. Under no circumstances may the material in this book be used,in part or in its entirety, for commercial gain. It must not be sold in any format.Designed by Macmillan Publishers LimitedCover design by Macmillan Publishers Limited and Red Giraffe
CSEC Agricultural Science Free ResourcesLIST OF CONTENTSCSEC Agricultural Science Syllabus Extract3CSEC Agricultural Science Syllabus4CSEC Agricultural Science Specimen Papers:Paper 01 Single & Double AwardPaper 02 Single AwardPaper 02 Double AwardPaper 03 Double Award58677787CSEC Agricultural Science Mark Schemes:Paper 01 Single & Double AwardPaper 02 Single & Double AwardPaper 03 Double Award9192101CSEC Agricultural Science Subject Reports:2004 Single Award Subject Report2004 Double Award Subject Report2005 Single Award Subject Report2005 Double Award Subject Report2006 Single Award Subject Report2006 Double Award Subject Report2007 Single Award Subject Report2007 Double Award Subject Report2008 Single & Double Award Subject Report2009 Single & Double Award Subject Report2010 Single & Double Award Subject Report2011 Single & Double Award Subject Report2012 Single & Double Award Subject Report2013 Single & Double Award Subject Report2014 Single & Double Award Subject Report2015 Single & Double Award Subject 6299
Agricultural ScienceThe Agricultural Science syllabus is designed to allow students to develop knowledgeand understanding of the interaction between the component parts of agriculture andtransformed into outputs. The syllabus requires students to treat with certain conceptualand theoretical issues associated with the discipline, while at the same time providingthem with the opportunity to develop a wide range of practical skills and an awarenessof the technologies associated with agriculture.The syllabus provides for study leading to a Single Award or a Double Award in the Section AThe Business of Farming Section BCrop Production Section CAnimal Production Section DHorticulture Section EAnimal ManagementCandidates presented for the Single Award examination must complete Sections A,B and C only, while candidates presented for the Double Award examination must
CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCILCaribbean Secondary Education CertificateCSECAGRICULTURAL SCIENCESYLLABUSEffective for examinations from May/June 2008CXC 07/G/SYLL 06
Published by the Caribbean Examinations Council 2010, Caribbean Examinations CouncilAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, ortransmitted in any form, or by any means electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise without priorpermission of the author or publisher.Correspondence related to the syllabus should be addressed to:The Pro-RegistrarCaribbean Examinations CouncilCaenwood Centre37 Arnold Road, Kingston 5, Jamaica, W.I.Telephone: (876) 630-5200Facsimile Number: (876) 967-4972E-mail address: cxcwzo@cxc.orgWebsite: www.cxc.orgCopyright 2006, by Caribbean Examinations CouncilThe Garrison, St Michael BB11158, BarbadosCXC 07/G/SYLL 06
ContentRATIONALE . 1AIMS . 1CAREER CHOICES . 2SUGGESTED RESOURCES . 3 – 4CANDIDATE REQUIREMENT. 5SUGGESTED TIMETABLE ALLOCATION . 5ORGANIZATION OF THE SYLLABUS . 5CERTIFICATION AND DEFINITION OF PROFILE DIMENSIONS . 5SKILLS AND ABILITIES TO BE ASSESSED . 6FORMAT OF THE EXAMINATIONS . 6 – 9RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE DOUBLE AND SINGLE AWARD OPTIONS. . 10RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND ALLIED SUBJECTS. . 10REGULATIONS FOR RESIT CANDIDATES . 10REGULATIONS FOR PRIVATE CANDIDATES . 10SECTION A-THE BUSINESS OF FARMING . 11 – 16SECTION B-CROP PRODUCTION . 17 – 25SECTION C-ANIMAL PRODUCTION . 26 – 33SECTION D-HORTICULTURE. 34 – 35SECTION E-ANIMAL MANAGEMENT. .36 – 37GUIDELINES FOR THE CONDUCT OF SCHOOL-BASED ASSESSMENT . 38 – 49RESOURCES . .49 – 50CXC 07/G/SYLL 06
This document CXC 07/G/SYLL 06 replaces CXC 07/0/SYLL 99 andCXC 29/G/SYLL 99 issued in 1999.Revised 2006Please check the website, www.cxc.org for updates on CXC’s syllabuses.CXC 07/G/SYLL 062
Agricultural Science SyllabusRATIONALEThe Agricultural Science syllabus is designed to allow students to develop knowledge and understanding ofthe interaction between the component parts of agriculture and the scientific principles that explain theprocesses that take place when inputs are transformed into outputs. It caters for a broad range of abilitiesand interests among students in the region. The syllabus requires students to treat with certain conceptualand theoretical issues associated with the discipline, while at the same time providing them with theopportunity to develop a wide range of practical skills and an awareness of the technologies associated withagriculture.There is a basic similarity in the agriculture of the several territories in the region. However, there areimportant differences and these must be recognized in the coverage of material in individual territories.Therefore, the syllabus offers the opportunity for special features and challenges of a territory to be closelystudied by students in that territory. The syllabus is also designed to provide the basis for post-secondaryeducation and training and the knowledge and skills required for the world of work. The syllabus providesfor study leading to a Single Award or a Double Award in the subject.This syllabus will contribute to the development of the Ideal Caribbean Person as articulated by the CARICOM Headsof Government in the following areas: has developed the capacity to create and take advantage of opportunities tocontrol, improve, maintain and promote physical, mental, social and spiritual well-being and to contribute to the healthand welfare of the community and country; and nourishes in him/herself and in others, the fullest development of eachperson’s potential without gender stereotyping and embraces differences and similarities between females and males as asource of mutual strength. Based on the UNESCO Pillars of Learning, this course of study will also contribute to aperson who will learn how to do, learn to live together and learn to transform themselves and society.AIMSThe syllabus aims to:(i)develop knowledge and understanding of the importance of agriculture to the economies ofterritories of the Caribbean region;(ii)provide knowledge of the dynamic nature of agricultural production, post-production andmarketing in a complex national, regional and international market;(iii)develop an appreciation of the importance of agriculture in alleviating poverty, providing multiplepathways to employment and further education, ensuring food security and preservation of theenvironment.CXC 07/G/SYLL 061
CAREER CHOICESThe skills and knowledge acquired through the study of this syllabus may be further developed andemployed in a variety of professions, including those below.Agricultural EconomistHorticulturistAgricultural EngineerHydrologistAgronomistLogging EngineerAnimal NutritionistMarine ScientistAnimal PhysiologistMolecular nist/DieticianBiometricianPlant PathologistBiosystems EngineerPlant PhysiologistBotanist (Plant Biologist)Postharvest TechnologistClimatologistRange ManagerEcologistRemote Sensing SpecialistEntomologistScience WriterEnvironmental ScientistSoil ScientistFarmerToxicologistFisheries ScientistTurf ScientistFloristVeterinarianFood Process EngineerViticulturistFood ScientistWeed ScientistFood InspectorWildlife BiologistFood Safety SpecialistWood ScientistForage AgronomistForesterGeneticistCXC 07/G/SYLL 062
SUGGESTED RESOURCESAll schools presenting candidates for this subject should provide the minimum facilities relevant to the areas tobe covered. However, where schools are having difficulties in providing these facilities the practicalrequirements of the syllabus can be met through any or a combination of the following alternatives:(i)summer attachment programmes under guidance and supervision;(ii)sharing practical instructional facilities;(iii)visits to Agricultural stations;(iv)visits to private commercial farms;(v)sharing facilities with other schools.Failure to provide these facilities may adversely affect students' performance. It is recommended thatparticipating schools provide the following facilities for each group of thirty students:The Field1.Land Space-1 bed 9' x 3' (approximately three square metres per student)Nursery, grow box unit for vegetables, spices and herbsGrass plots – 2 pasture grasses, 2 soiling grasses, 1 legume2.Livestock-(i)poultry:(a)(b)layers - 25 once per yearbroilers -100 once per term(ii) rabbitsOR guinea pigsOR agouti3 does; 1 buck10 females; 1 male(iii) pigs1 sow (access to a boar)(iv) EITHER sheepOR goats2 ewes; 1 ram2 ewes; 1 buck3.Security-fencing4.Field Tools andEquipment-access to:-wheelbarrowwatering hosewatering cansmiscellaneous propagating tools, for example, pruning shears, secateurs,pruning saw, budding knife, tapesother agricultural tools - spade, hoe, rake, fork, cutlass-CXC 07/G/SYLL 063
5.Safety-scalesoil auger or substitute, for example, flat spade and knife or cutlassrain gaugewet and dry bulb thermometers, weather vane, anemometer-first aid kitOther Facilities1.Maintenance-1 farm attendant2.FieldTools,MaterialsandEquipment-access to: spraying equipment, for example, mist blowers-2 knapsack sprayers with shield(i) Insecticides and fungicides(ii) herbicides3.4.LaboratoryEquipment-miscellaneous veterinary equipment, for example, syringes, ear markers,clinical thermometers.-access to science laboratory:-simple balancesmicroscopeshand lenses (one per student)glassware including crucibleschemicalslamps1 potometer1 desiccator1 set of sievesmeasuring instruments - tapes, rulers, pH meter-access to:overhead projectorslide and filmstrip projectorcharts and diagramstelevision and VCRmultimedia projectorcomputerVisual AidsCXC 07/G/SYLL 064
CANDIDATE REQUIREMENT1.Candidates should have completed at least three years of secondary school science which wouldprovide an introduction to basic scientific principles.2.Candidates should be concurrently studying or have done CSEC Mathematics or its equivalent andCSEC English A or its equivalent.SUGGESTED TIMETABLE ALLOCATIONIt is recommended that the syllabus be covered in a minimum of five (5) forty-minute periods per week forthe Single Award examination and a minimum of eight (8) forty-minute periods per week for the DoubleAward examination.ORGANIZATION OF THE SYLLABUSThe Agricultural Science syllabus is arranged in five sections, namely, Sections A, B, C, D and E, each ofwhich consists of general and specific objectives, content and suggested practical activities. Candidatespresented for the Single Award examination must complete Sections A, B and C only. Candidates presentedfor the Double Award examination must complete Sections A to E (all five sections).SECTION A-THE BUSINESS OF FARMINGSECTION B-CROP PRODUCTIONSECTION C-ANIMAL PRODUCTION*SECTION D -HORTICULTURE*SECTON EANIMAL MANAGEMENT-* For Double Award onlyCERTIFICATION AND DEFINITION OF PROFILE DIMENSIONSThe syllabus will be examined for General Proficiency certification only. The certificate will report:(i)the overall grade achieved, with Grade I, the highest and Grade VI, the lowest;(ii)three Profile dimensions, The Business of Farming, Crop Production and Animal Production forSingle Award and Double Award.CXC 07/G/SYLL 065
SKILLS AND ABILITIES TO BE ASSESSEDThe skills students are expected to have developed on completion of this syllabus have been grouped undertwo headings:i.Knowledge and Comprehension;ii.Application.Knowledge and Comprehension (KC)Knowledge:The ability to identify, remember and grasp the meaning of basic facts, conceptsand principles.Comprehension:The ability to select appropriate ideas, match, compare and cite examples andprinciples in familiar situations.Application (A)Application:The ability to use facts, concepts, principles and procedures in unfamiliarsituations. The ability to analyse and interpret unfamiliar situations, and makereasoned judgements and recommendations.FORMAT OF THE EXAMINATIONSAll candidates (Single Award and Double Award) are required to complete Paper 01 and Paper 02.For Single Award onlyPaper 01(1 hour 15 minutes)Multiple Choice; sixty items based on Specific Objectives in SectionsA, B and C. Each item is worth 1 mark.Paper 02This paper consists of two sections for a total of 60 marks.(2 hours)Section I:six compulsory structured questions, two each fromSections A, B and C. Each question is worth 4 marks.These questions will require one word, one phrase orone sentence for an answer.Section II: three compulsory extended response questions, one eachfrom Sections A, B and C. Each question is worth 12marks.CXC 07/G/SYLL 066
Paper 03(SBA)The SBA component comprises 10 skill performances in the field.Each performance will be rated on a 5-point scale (0-4) by theteacher using criteria set out by CXC (see pages 38-49 for details).Candidates will be required to keep a Portfolio in which they willdocument all aspects of their projects on broilers, layers and oncrops grown. Each production project will be marked out of 20marks.Total marks on the SBA will be 80.For Double Award OnlyPaper 01(1 hour 15 minutes)Multiple Choice; sixty items based on Specific Objectives in SectionsA, B and C. Each item is worth 1 mark.Paper 02(2 hours)This paper consists of two sections for a total of 60 marks.Section I:six compulsory structured questions, two each fromSections A, B and C. Each question is worth 4marks. These questions will require one word, onephrase or one sentence for an answer.Section II:Paper 03(2 hours)three compulsory extended response questions, oneeach from Sections A, B and C. Each question isworth 12 marks.Two essay-type questions will be set on Section D and two essay-typequestions on Section E. Candidates are required to answer ALLquestions. Each question will be worth 15 marks, for a paper totalof 60 marks.The SBA component comprises 10 skill performances in the field.Each skill performance will be rated on a 5-point (0 - 4) scale by theteacher using criteria set out by CXC (see pages 38- 49 for details).Paper 04(SBA)Candidates will be required to keep a Portfolio in which they willdocument all aspects of their projects on broilers, layers and onthe crops grown. Each production project will be marked out of20 marks.Candidates will be required also to complete a Research Project onan agricultural problem. The Research Project will be marked outof 20 marks. The total marks on the SBA will be 120.WEIGHTING OF PAPERS AND PROFILE DIMENSIONSCXC 07/G/SYLL 067
SINGLE AWARDTable 1Relationship between Papers and Profile DimensionsPAPER 01MultipleChoice20PAPER 02Structured/Essay20PAPER 03(SBA)4080(40%)Crop Production (CP)20202060(30%)Animal Production (AP)20202060(30%)60 (30%)60 (30%)80 (40%)200(100%)PROFILEThe Business of Farming (BF)TOTAL MARKS (%)TOTALMARKS (%)Table 2Relationship between Papers and SkillsSkillsKnowledge and Comprehension (KC)Application (A)TOTALPAPER 01MultipleChoice60PAPER 02Structured/Essay21PAPER 03(SBA)TOTALMARKS40121603960408079200Table 3Generalised Table of SpecificationProfileNumber of QuestionsPaper 02Paper 03 (SBA)2 cost analyses2 (2KC, 2A marks each)(20 marks each)1 (3KC, 9A marks each)BFPaper 0120 (1 mark each)CP20 (1 mark each)2 (2KC, 2A marks each)1 (3KC, 9A marks each)5 practical skills(4 marks each)60AP20 (1 mark each)2 (2KC, 2A marks each)1 (3KC, 9A marks each)5 practical skills(4 marks each)6080200TOTAL60CXC 07/G/SYLL 06608Total Marks80
DOUBLE AWARDTable 4Relationship between Papers and Profile DimensionsPAPER 01MultipleChoice20PAPER 02Structured/Essay20Paper 03EssayCrop Production (CP)2020Animal Production (AP)2060 (20%)PROFILEThe Business of Farming (BF)TOTAL MARKS (%)PAPER 04SBATOTALMARKS (%)80120 (40%)302090 (30%)20302090 (30%)60 (20%)60 (20%)120 (40%)300 (100%)Table 5Relationship between Papers and SkillsSkillsKnowledgeandComprehension (KC)PAPER 01MultipleChoice60PAPER 02Structured/Essay21PAPER 03EssayPAPER cation (A)TOTALTable 6Generalised Table of SpecificationProfileNumber of QuestionsPaper 02Paper 032 (2KC, 2A marks each)1 (3KC, 9A marks each)BFPaper 0120 (1 mark each)CP20 (1 mark each)2 (2KC, 2A marks each)1 (3KC, 9A marks each)2(5KC, 10Amarks each)5 practical skills(4 marks each)90AP20 (1 mark each)2 (2KC, 2A marks each)1 (3KC, 9A marks each)2(5KC, 10Amarks each)5 practical skills(4 marks each)906012030060CXC 07/G/SYLL 06609Paper 04 (SBA)3 cost analyses1 Research Project(20 marks each)Total120
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SINGLE AND DOUBLEAWARD OPTIONSThis syllabus is designed for Single Award and Double Award certification at General Proficiency. TheSingle Award differs from the Double Award in that students presented for the Single Award are required tostudy Sections A to C of the syllabus only, while those students presented for the Double Award arerequired to study Sections A to E of the syllabus.RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE ANDALLIED SUBJECTSIt is suggested that the laboratory exercises for the syllabus should be done in conjunction with those of theallied subjects of Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Integrated Science and Home Economics.REGULATIONS FOR RESIT CANDIDATES(i)Resit candidates must complete Papers 01 and 02 for the Single Award examination or Papers 01, 02,and 03 for the Double Award examination for the year for which they re-register. Resit candidateswho have earned 50% of CXC moderated marks for the SBA may elect not to repeat this component,provided they re-write the examination no later than the year following their first attempt. The marksfor the SBA can be transferred once only, that is, to the examination immediately following that forwhich they were obtained.(ii)Resit candidates who have obtained less than 50% of the CXC moderated marks for the SBA mustrepeat the component at any subsequent sitting.(iii)All resit candidates may enter through schools, recognized educational institutions or Local Registrar’sOffice.REGULATIONS FOR PRIVATE CANDIDATES(i)Private candidates must be entered through institutions recognized by the Council.(ii)Private candidates will be required to complete all aspects of the examination, Papers 01, 02 and 03 forthe Single Award or Papers 01, 02, 03 and 04 for the Double Award.(iii)The SBA activities of private candidates must be monitored by tutors in the institution through whichthey register.(iv)Private candidates must submit their own work, which must be validated by their tutors.CXC 07/G/SYLL 0610
SECTION A:THE BUSINESS OF FARMINGGENERAL OBJECTIVESOn completion of the section on The Business of Farming, students should:1.understand the role of agriculture in the local, regional and international economies;2.know the range of agricultural careers and related training opportunities and institutions;3.develop the skills to make accurate observations and interpret data from simple experiments;4.know the importance of alternative farming techniques;5.understand that the farm is an economic unit engaged in profitable production of commodities;6.understand the importance of marketing as an economic activity that links production toconsumption;7.develop knowledge and understanding of international trade agreements and note their impact onthe agricultural sector;8.know the role of support services in modern agricultural economies;9.know that success in any business venture is dependent on proper planning, coordination,supervision and accurate record keeping.SPECIFIC OBJECTIVESCONTENTSUGGESTED PRACTICALACTIVITIESStudents should be able to:1.ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF AGRICULTURE1.1discuss the roleand importance ofagriculture innational, regionaland internationaleconomies;Role and importance of:(a)foreign exchange earnings;(b)contribution to GNP;(c)food security;(d)employment ratio of importedfood to local produce;(e)national and regional plansfor agricultural development;(f)trade liberalisation.CXC 07/G/SYLL 0611Interpretation and analysis ofnational,regionalandinternational statistical reports.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVESCONTENTSUGGESTED PRACTICALACTIVITIESStudents should be able to:1.2list the variouscareeropportunities inthe agriculturalsector;Careers ity control;(l)food inspection;(m) certification.1.3state the functionsof local, regionaland internationalinstitutionsconcerned withagriculturaldevelopment inthe Caribbean.Local: Ministry of Agriculture (MA)Regional:(a)Caribbean Community(CARICOM);(b)Caribbean Food andNutrition Institute(CFNI);(c)Caribbean DevelopmentBank (CDB);(d)Caribbean AgriculturalResearch and DevelopmentInstitute (CARDI);(e)The University of the WestIndies (UWI);(f)College of Agriculture,Science and Education(CASE) [formerly JSA];(g)Eastern Caribbean Instituteof Agriculture and Forestry(ECIAF);(h)Guyana School of Agriculture(GSA).International:(a)European Union (EU);(b)Inter-American Institute forCooperation on Agriculture(IICA);CXC 07/G/SYLL 0612Access career profiles throughthe Internet and any otherrelevant sources.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVESCONTENTSUGGESTED PRACTICALACTIVITIESStudents should be able to:(c)(d)(e)(f)Food and AgricultureOrganization (FAO);Organization of AmericanStates (OAS);Inter-American DevelopmentBank (IDB);Canadian InternationalDevelopment Agency (CIDA).2.CHALLENGES CONFRONTING AGRICULTURE2.1discuss the majorchallengesaffecting local andregionalagriculture;Climate and topography, appropriatetechnology, rural infrastructure,extension services, praedal larceny,land tenure systems, sustainableagriculture, environmental issues,food safety, natural disasters, genderissues.discuss majorcurrent issues thatcould affect globalagriculture;Biodiversity, global warming, bioterrorism, food security,environmental degradation.Literature review using Internet.explain theterminology usedin food safety,importation andcertificationexercises.GAPs – Good Agricultural Practices.Literature review using Internet.2.22.3Literature review using Internet.Resource persons.Resource persons.HACCP – Hazard Analysis CriticalControl Point.GMPs – Good ManufacturingPractices.3.ALTERNATIVE TO CONVENTIONAL FARMING3.1explain theimportance ofnon-conventionalfarming systems;Organic farming, hydroponics.Grow box, trough culture, urban andperi-urban farming.CXC 07/G/SYLL 06Field trip to non-conventionalfarms.Use non-conventional methodsto grow crops, for example, growbox and trough culture.13
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVESCONTENTSUGGESTED PRACTICALACTIVITIESMaintaining ecological balance andbiodiversity;integratedhealthmanagement of soils, crops andanimals.Develop a herb (organic) garden.Students should be able to:3.2explain theprinciples thatgovern organicfarming.Certification of organic farms.4.ECONOMIC FACTORS OF PRODUCTION4.1define theeconomicfunctions ofproduction,consumption andmarketing;4.2state the factors ofproduction;4.3relate the factorsof production toagriculture;Land:(a)tenure;(b) suitability.Labour:(a)farmer’s labour;(b) hired labour.Capital:(a) Source - commercial banks;agriculturalbanks;cooperatives; credit unions;(b) Types– fixed capital, workingcapital.Management:Ability to combine the other factorsto make a profit.4.4explain the law culations required for totalproduct, average product, marginalproduct, marginal cost).CXC 07/G/SYLL 0614Collect beneficial insects.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVESCONTENTSUGGESTED PRACTICALACTIVITIESConsumption: supply and demandand the price mechanism.Class exercises in plottingdemand and supply curves.Students should be able to:4.5relate demand andsupply to pricing.5.TRADE AGREEMENTS5.1evaluate theeffects ofinternationaltrade agreementson the agriculturalsector and peoplesof the Caribbean.6.FARM FINANCING AND SUPPORT SERVICES6.1evaluate theprocess ofobtaining capitalfrom establishedsources;Collateral, credit history, budget,employment status, project proposal.discuss theconcept ofcooperatives;Types of agricultural cooperatives,theirroles,functionandmanagement a) Caribbean Single Market andEconomy (CSME);(b) World Trade Organisation(WTO);(c) Free Trade Area of theAmericas (FTAA);(d) Lome I -IV;(e) International Sugar Agreement(ISA).Group presentations; posters;open day.Completion of sampleapplication forms.loanResource persons.Visit establishedcooperatives.agriculturalResource persons.6.3evaluate theincentives thatmay be given tofarming.Subsidies, price support guaranteedprices, tax exemptions on inputs.7.FARM ORGANIZATION AND PLANNING7.1prepare differenttypes of farmrecords;Crop production record, chemicaltreatment record, rabbit productionrecord, broiler production record,farm inventory.CXC 07/G/SYLL 0615Group presentations.Analysis of records for decisionmaking.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVESCONTENTSUGGESTED PRACTICALACTIVITIESIncome and expenditure: value ofoutputs, fixed costs and variablecosts.Use of farm records on incomeand expenditure to determineprofitability.Students should be able to:7.2distinguish amonggross farm incomeand net farmincome, grossmargin and netprofit;7.3develop a partialand a completebudget;7.4explain therelationshipbetweenbudgeting anddecision making.CXC 07/G/SYLL 06Prepare a complete budget forbroiler and crop productionprojects. Prepare a partial budgetfor an increase in number ofbroilers reared.16
SECTION B: CROP PRODUCTIONGENERAL OBJECTIVESOn completion of the section on Crop Production, students should:1.demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the economic importance of agriculture to the peopleof the Caribbean;2.develop an understanding of the inter-relationships between the physical environment andagriculture;3.develop the skill to investigate the relationship of the physical and chemical properties of soil toplant growth;4.understand the structure and functions of plants;5.understand the phases of crop growth in relation to yield and nutritional value;6.develop the skill to produce vegetable crops of local and regional importance, efficiently andprofitably;7.develop safe practices in handling chemicals in crop production;8.understand how crops can be improved by breeding, selection and biotechnology;9.understand the term postharvest technology and appreciate the significance of the various stages ofmaturity in relation to harvesting times;10.be able to understand the various steps in the handling of crops after harvest until consumption;11.understand the basic principles of processing agricultural crops and the various methods of utilizingthese crops.SPECIFIC OBJECTIVESCONTENTSUGGESTED PRACTICALACTIVITIESThe soil formation process:weathering – physical, chemical;the effects of volcanic action onsoil formation; the effects ofanimal and plant matter on soilformation; the activities of man insoil formation; the effects of soilorganisms.Association of certain soiltypes with their parentmaterial.Collectionandexamination of soils formedfro
Agricultural Science Syllabus iRATIONALE The Agricultural Science syllabus is designed to allow students to develop knowledge and understanding of the interaction between the component parts of agriculture and the scientific principles that explain the processes that take place when inputs are transformed into outputs.
The following At-A-Glance charts present comparative admission, cost, curricula and other relevant information about the state universities. . Agricultural Communications Agricultural Economics Agricultural Industries Agricultural Mechanization Agricultural Occupational Education Agricultural Production Agricultural Science Agronomy, Field Crops
India’s food and agricultural exports jumped from 16.8 billion in 2009 to 35.06 billion in 2015. For an overview of the Indian market and agricultural trade, read the USDA Foreign Agricultural Service International Agricultural Trade Report from December 2016: India Agricultural Trade: Expanding Export Opportunities Amid Persistent Limitations.
agricultural purpo es ange of land use from agricultural to non-(e) "Cloyemmenr ml!lTthTstat Agricultural land; (I) "Collector" means of Andhra Pradesh; agricultural land for Collector in whose jurisdiction the conversion is applied for is situated and also * 2-1-2006";; o.M,.No, .93, Revenue 372
Dawson (2005) examined contribution of agricultural exports to growth in developing nations. The first model was based on agricultural production function, including agricultural and non-agricultural exports. The second model included agricultural and non-agricultural where each sector was sub divided into exports and non-export sector.
An Agricultural Pest Control Adviser (PCA) is any person who offers a recommendation on any agricultural use, holds himself/herself as an aut rit y on an agricultural use, or solicits services or sales for any agricultural use (Food and Agricultural Code [FAC] sections 11410, 11411). emption You are exempt from this licensing requirement if you .
November 2014 Agricultural Policy Action Plan (APAP) 2015–2019 Agricultural Policy Action Plan. 2014 . Agricultural research expenditures in South Africa, 2000 and 2007 70 III Agricultural Policy Action Plan. . by HSRC on behalf of the Department of Science and Technology (the most recent survey for which the results
Agricultural Engineering Technology majors often select a minor in Agricultural Business, General Business Administration, Plant and Soil Science or Construction Management. Minors in Plant & Soil Sciences, Animal Science, Equine Science, Agricultural Engineering Tec
Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators, ASME A17.1-2013, as amended in this ordinance and Appendices A through D, F through J, L, M and P through V. Exceptions: 1.1. ASME A17.1 Sections 5.4, 5.5, 5.10 ((and)) , 5.11, and 5.12 are not adopted. 1.2. ASME A17.1 Section 1.2.1, Purpose, is not adopted. 2015 SEATTLE BUILDING CODE 639 . ELEVATORS AND CONVEYING SYSTEMS . 2. Safety Standard for .
