Design Guidelines For Sewage Works 2008

Design GuidelinesforSewage Works2008

ISBN 978-1-4249-8438-1Design GuidelinesforSewage Works2008Ministry of the EnvironmentPIBS 6879

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe Design Guidelines for Sewage Works were prepared under the guidance of theOntario Ministry of the Environment Sewage Technical Working Group with theassistance of Hydromantis, Inc. in association with XCG Consultants Ltd. Thisdocument underwent review by various branches of the Ontario Ministry of theEnvironment (MOE) and the following stakeholders and reviewers.Ministry of the Environment Sewage Technical Working GroupVince Pileggi, M.A.Sc., P.Eng., Standards Development Branch, MOEJanusz Budziakowski, M.Sc., P.Eng., Env. Assessment and Approvals Branch, MOEMano Manoharan, Ph.D., P.Eng., Standards Development Branch, MOESumithra Naguleswaran, P.Eng., Standards Development Branch, MOEYixun Shen, M.Sc., Standards Development Branch, MOEStakeholders and ReviewersAhmed Sharaf, P.Eng., Ontario Municipal Affairs and Housing (MAH)Asim Masaud, P.Eng., Ontario Clean Water Agency (OCWA)Bill DeAngles, P.Eng., Consulting Engineers of Ontario (CEO)Brian Gage, B.Sc., Ontario Pollution Control Equipment Association (OPCEA)Chado Brcic, P.Eng., Association of Municipalities of Ontario (AMO)Chris Howard, P.Eng., Association of Municipalities of Ontario (AMO)Dave Tidy, P.Eng., Ontario Pollution Control Equipment Association (OPCEA)Deanna Barrow, P.Eng., Association of Municipalities of Ontario (AMO)Gerry Rupke, M.Eng., P.Eng., Engineering AdvisorJohn Haanstra, P.Eng., Ontario General Contractors Association (OGCA)Matt Uza, B.A.Sc., Land and Water Policy Branch (LWPB), MOEMike Pearce, P.Eng., Consulting Engineers of Ontario (CEO)Mohsen Keyvani, M.Eng., Waste Management Policy Branch (WMPB)Pervez Sunderani, P.Eng., Alberta Environment (AENV)Tom Copeland, P.Eng., Municipal Engineers Association (MEA)Troy Briggs, P.Eng., Water Environment Association of Ontario (WEAO)Wayne Parker, Ph.D., P.Eng., University of WaterlooZafar Bhatti, Ph.D., P.Eng., Env. Assessment and Approvals Branch, MOEMOE Design Guidelines For Sewage Works2008

AcknowledgementiiPeer ReviewersAndré D. Schnell, M. Eng., P. Eng., Standards Development Branch, MOEBob Putzlocher, M. Eng., P. Eng., Eastern Region, Operations Division, MOECharles Goulet, M. Eng., P. Eng., Ottawa District Office, MOEDave Porter, P.E., Michigan Department of Environmental QualityDebra Abbott, P. Geo., Northern Region, Operations Division, MOEGerald Novotny, P.E., Wisconsin Department of Natural ResourcesHeather Brodie-Brown, P. Geo., Standards Development Branch, MOEIrmi Pawlowski, P. Geo., Standards Development Branch, MOEJamie Connelly, P. Geo., West Central Region, Operations Division, MOEJeff Markle, M. Eng., P. Eng., Southwestern Region, Operations Division, MOELou-Ann Cornacchio, Northern Region, Operations Division, MOEMark Wespetal, Minnesota Pollution Control AgencyMyron Zurawsky, P. Geo., Central Region, Operations Division, MOEParimal Parikh, P.E., Pennsylvania Department of Environmental ProtectionPeter Seto, Ph.D., P. Eng., Environment CanadaRandy Thorson, P.E., Minnesota Pollution Control AgencyRobert P. Ryan, M.E.S., R.P.P., Env. Assessment and Approvals Branch, MOERon Bell, P.E., Ohio Environmental Protection AgencyTed Belayneh, P. Geo., Central Region, Operations Division, MOETerry Kirschenman, P.E., Iowa Department of Natural ResourcesTony Ho, P. Eng., Standards Development Branch, MOEMOE Design Guidelines For Sewage Works2008

Historical NoteiiiHISTORICAL NOTESince the establishment of the Ontario Water Resources Commission under the OntarioWater Resources Act (1956), the commission engineers used the Ten States Standards forSewage Works as the reference design guidelines for sanitary engineering practice. Thesepublications were prepared, edited and published, approximately every five years, by theGreat Lakes Upper Mississippi River Board of State Public Health Engineers and GreatLakes Board of Public Health Engineers. The commission engineers had also developedand applied internal advisory sewage works design guidelines based primarily on the TenStates Standards and included design, construction and operational experience specific toOntario.This practice has continued after the establishment of the Ministry of the Environment in1973. The Province of Ontario joined the Great Lakes-Upper Mississippi River Board ofState and Provincial Public Health and Environmental Managers and the Ten StatesStandards Wastewater Committee in 1977.Over the years, engineering design criteria based on generally accepted good engineeringpractice in Ontario have been developed and the following ministry guidelines werepublished: Guidelines for the Design of Sewage Treatment Works (1980, 1984)Guidelines for the Design of Sanitary Sewage Systems (1979, 1985)Guidelines for the Design of Storm Sewer Systems (1979, 1985)Guidelines for Servicing in Areas Subject to Adverse Conditions (1985)These guidelines have been revised and updated based on Ontario specific engineeringpractice, the latest Ten States Standards (Recommended Standards for WastewaterFacilities, 2004) and other relevant North American design guidelines and published asthe Design Guidelines for Sewage Works (2008).MOE Design Guidelines for Sewage Works2008

ivPREAMBLEThe Ontario Ministry of the Environment’s Design Guidelines for Sewage Works isintended for an audience that includes engineers who are responsible for designingsewage works, ministry engineers responsible for reviewing and approving the designs ofsuch works and the municipalities/owners of the sewage works.It is intended that this Design Guidelines document be used with professional judgmentand experience in the design of sewage works and in the engineering review ofapplications for approval of such systems. The Ministry recognizes that the choice ofsewage works designs may be influenced during the planning stages by sustainabilityissues, such as the cost to design and build sewage works as well as the ongoing cost tooperate, maintain, rehabilitate and replace infrastructure.Designers should note that the ministry has a number of specific guidelines and/orprocedures which relate to sewage works that may affect design. Such specific guidelinesand procedures take precedence over these Design Guidelines.Similarly, the use of actual site-specific data is encouraged. Wherever possible, designersare encouraged to use actual data derived from the sewage works monitoring records andcharacterization studies. Actual data can be compared to the typical values provided inthese Design Guidelines for comparison and consideration.As well, it should be noted that this Design Guidelines document provides designguidance related to established technologies. The fact that other technologies orequipment are not mentioned in the Design Guidelines should not be construed asprecluding their use. It is not the intention of the ministry to stifle innovation. Theministry will approve designs of sewage works if the applicant and designer candemonstrate that the works will have a reasonable and substantial chance of success forthe particular application. However, design of sewage works using new and innovativetechnologies and equipment would be approved only where operational reliability andeffectiveness of the works has been demonstrated with a suitably-sized prototypeoperating at its design load in the conditions suitable for the particular application.Finally, it should be emphasized that this document contains design guidelines.Legislation, including legislated standards and regulations, takes precedence over theDesign Guidelines and must be followed. Readers are cautioned to obtain their own legaladvice and guidance in this respect.MOE Design Guidelines for Sewage Works2008

vTable of ContentsTABLE OF CONTENTSACKOWLEDGEMENTS . iHISTORICAL NOTE. iiiPREAMBLE. ivTABLE OF CONTENTS . viCHAPTER 1. LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK1.11.21.31.41.51.6INTRODUCTION . 1-2APPLICABLE LEGISLATION ADMINISTERED BY THE MINISTRY . 1-2SEWAGE WORKS REGULATIONS AND SUPPORTINGDOCUMENTS. 1-3OTHER APPLICABLE LEGISLATION. 1-4MINISTRY APPROVAL PROGRAM FOR SEWAGE WORKS . 1-4LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS. 1-5CHAPTER 2. PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENTATION2.12.22.32.42.5GENERAL. 2-2STAGE 1 DOCUMENTS. 2-3STAGE 2 DOCUMENTS. 2-4STAGE 3 DOCUMENTS. 2-6SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT PROCESS OPTIMIZATION. 2-11CHAPTER 3. GENERAL DESIGN .123.133.143.15GENERAL. 3-2DESIGN BASIS. 3-2SITE SELECTION . 3-2OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE. 3-3FLOOD PROTECTION . 3-4SECURITY . 3-4ENERGY CONSERVATION . 3-5RELIABILITY AND REDUNDANCY . 3-5TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT. 3-6SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT CAPACITY RATING. 3-8EMISSIONS OF CONTAMINANTS TO AIR . 3-11SAMPLING AND MONITORING EQUIPMENT. 3-11HYDRAULICS. 3-12MANUALS & TRAINING . 3-15HEALTH AND SAFETY. 3-16MOE Design Guidelines for Sewage Works2008

Table of ContentsviCHAPTER 4. ODOUR CONTROL4.14.24.34.44.5ODOUR MEASUREMENTS AND LIMITS. 4-2POTENTIAL ODOUR SOURCES . 4-2EVALUATION OF ODOUR PRODUCTION POTENTIAL . 4-3ODOUR CONTROL AND ABATEMENT MEASURES. 4-4SEPARATION DISTANCES BETWEEN SEWAGE WORKS ANDSENSITIVE LAND USE. 4-10CHAPTER 5. DESIGN OF .145.15INTRODUCTION . 5-4SEPARATE VERSUS COMBINED SEWERS. 5-4STORMWATER MANAGEMENT . 5-5STORM SEWERS . 5-5SANITARY SEWERS. 5-9ODOURS AND CORROSION IN SEWERS . 5-13DETAILS OF DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF SEWERS. 5-14ALTERNATIVE INSTALLATION AND CONSTRUCTIONTECHNOLOGIES . .5-25MANHOLES . 5-26PIPE DESIGN . 5-28SEWER SYSTEM REHABILITATION . 5-29STREAM CROSSINGS . 5-31AERIAL CROSSINGS . 5-32PROTECTION OF DRINKING WATER SYSTEMS . 5-32ALTERNATIVE SANITARY SEWER SYSTEMS . 5-34CHAPTER 6. CHALLENGING CONDITIONS AFFECTING SERVICING6.16.26.36.46.56.66.76.86.9GENERAL. 6-2CLIMATIC FACTORS . 6-2GEOLOGICAL FACTORS. 6-3REMOTE LOCATION. 6-3PERMAFROST . 6-4DIFFICULTIES ASSOCIATED WITH CONVENTIONAL PRACTICES. 6-4RETROFITTING OF EXISTING SEWERS. 6-5ALTERNATIVE DESIGN PRACTICES. 6-5SANITARY SEWER SYSTEMS. 6-6MOE Design Guidelines for Sewage Works2008

Table of ContentsviiCHAPTER 7. PUMPING STATIONS7.17.27.37.47.57.67.77.87.9GENERAL. 7-3DESIGN. 7-5SUCTION-LIFT PUMPING STATIONS – SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS . 7-13SUBMERSIBLE PUMPING STATIONS – SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS. 7-14SCREW PUMP STATIONS – SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS. 7-15ALARM SYSTEMS . 7-16STANDBY POWER AND EMERGENCY OPERATION . 7-16OPERATIONS MANUAL . 7-19FORCEMAINS. 7-19CHAPTER 8. DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR SEWAGE T LOCATION . 8-4ESTABLISHMENT OF EFFLUENT QUALITY REQUIREMENTS. 8-6DEFINITIONS OF TERMS . 8-10BASIS OF PROCESS SELECTION . 8-13MAJOR DESIGN CRITERIA. 8-15PLANT OUTFALLS . 8-27ESSENTIAL FACILITIES. 8-28OPERATOR LICENSING . 8-35SAFETY . 8-36LABORATORY . 8-39CHAPTER 9. INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL9.19.29.39.49.59.6GENERAL. 9-3TYPE OF INSTRUMENTS . 9-5PROCESS CONTROLS AND INSTRUMENTATION . 9-11PROCESS NARRATIVE AND BASIS OF CONTROL . 9-15CONTROL AND MONITORING SYSTEMS . 9-15SECURITY . 9-18CHAPTER 10. PRELIMINARY TREATMENT10.110.210.310.410.510.6SCREENING DEVICES . 10-2COMMINUTORS AND GRINDERS. 10-6GRIT REMOVAL FACILITIES . 10-7PREAERATION. 10-11FLOW EQUALIZATION . 10-12SCREENINGS, GRIT HANDLING AND DISPOSAL. 10-13MOE Design Guidelines for Sewage Works2008