IEEE 2800-2022 - Ercot
IEEE 2800-2022Standard for Interconnection andInteroperability of IBR Interconnectingwith Transmission SystemsERCOT Inverter-Based Resources Task Force(IBRTF)Jens Boemer, EPRIIEEE P2800 Working Group ChairRemotely from Seattle, WAMarch 18, 2022www.epri.comClassification: Public 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Acknowledgements and DisclaimersThe views presented in this presentation are the personal views of the individuals presenting it and shall not be consideredthe official position of the IEEE Standards Association or any of its committees and shall not be considered to be, nor berelied upon as, a formal position of IEEE, in accordance with IEEE Standards Association Standards Board Bylaws 5.2.1.6.§ Some content presented here is based on an approved but unpublished proposed IEEE Standard (e.g., IEEE 2800-2022) or anunapproved proposed IEEE Standard (e.g., IEEE P2800.2). As such, the documents are subject to change, any draftrequirements and figures shown in this presentation may change.§All comments provided reflect only the view of the EPRI technical experts performing the review and do not necessarilyreflect the opinions of those supporting and working with EPRI to conduct collaborative research and development.§ EPRI conducts research and development relating to the generation, delivery, and use of electricity for the benefit of thepublic. EPRI does not provide recommendations or regulatory advice related to the contents of this presentation.§Part of this work was supported in part by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, operated by Alliance for SustainableEnergy, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308. Funding provided by U.S.Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and Wind EnergyTechnologies Office.§ Part of this work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Solar Energy Technologies Office under Award Number DEEE0009019 Adaptive Protection and Validated MODels to Enable Deployment of High Penetrations of Solar PV (PV-MOD).§ The views expressed in the presentation do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the U.S. Government.§2 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Reliability Issues with IBRSeveral IBR-based system disturbances have and continueto occur: August 2016 – Blue Cut Fire Disturbance October 2017 – Canyon 2 Fire Disturbance April and May 2018 – Angeles Forest & Palmdale RoostDisturbances July 2020 – San Fernando DisturbanceMay and June 2021 – Odessa, TX DisturbancesDisturbance Analyses and GuidelinesØ Detailed Analysis of IBR-Based disturbancesØ Two Level 2 NERC Alerts Issued with industryrecommendationsØ Reliability Guideline for BPS-connected IBR resourcesØ Odessa Disturbance recommendations call for morethan guidelines3 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Paradigm shift towards the “Good Citizen”Example Reliability Solutions§ Grid Related Solutions§–Transmission upgrades–Innovative transmission assetsIBR Related Solutions–IBR capability requirementsfor new plants–Curtailment of IBR output–Retrofits of existing IBR plants§Software patches§Hardware retrofitsCost allocation§4Status Quo: Integration of capability often subject to service agreementLast resource tends to bear costsØ Integrating a minimum set of IBR capability from the day of plantcommissioning allows for many IBR plants to share the burden andopportunities of a potential future utilization of that capability. 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Difference between IBR Capability and UtilizationCapability:“Ability to Perform”Utilization of Capability:“Delivery of Performance”¾ Functions & controls¾ Enable/disable functions¾ Ranges of available settings¾ Functional settings / configured parameters¾ Minimum performance specifications¾ Operate accordingly (e.g., maintain headroom, if applicable)Examplesooo5ExamplesFrequency ResponseoDeadbandFast Frequency ResponseoDroopRamp rate limitationsoResponse TimeoHeadroomoPrimary Frequency ResponseooRide-ThroughoVoltage ride-throughoConsecutive voltage ride-throughoFrequency ride-throughoROCOF ride-throughoPhase angle jumpride-throughVoltage SupportoSteady state voltage controloDynamic reactive powero(Un-)balanced current injection during ride-through 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Common Ground: IEEE 2800-2022§Harmonizes technical minimum capability for Large Solar,Wind, and Storage Plants at the time of interconnection,including those connected via VSC-HVDC like offshorewind–§A consensus-based, voluntary IEEE performance standard––§Could create a “level playing field” for IBR developers, ifadoptedDeveloped by over 175 working group participants fromtransmission owners, OEMs, developers, and consultantsSuccessfully passed the industry peer review by 466IEEE SA balloters ( 94% approval, 90% response rate)Approved in January 2022, publication in April/May 2022Latest draft is available from IEEE athttps://standards.ieee.org/project/2800.htmlMore Info at https://sagroups.ieee.org/2800/6 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
IEEE Standards Classification and Consensus ying mandatoryrequirements (shall)IEEE2800Recommended Practicesdocuments in which procedures and positions preferredby the IEEE are presented cuments that furnish information – e.g., provide alternative approaches for goodpractice, suggestions stated but no clear-cut recommendations are made (may) 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.IEEEP2800.2IEEEP2800.1
Diversity of Stakeholder ContributionsBroad Collaboration & Coordination D&PGCom(Sponsor)EM Com(Joint Sponsor)PSRC Com(P2800 Joint Sponsor,P2800.1 Liaison)PSDP(Liaison)T&DCom(Liaison)IECWind and Solar PPInterc. & DesignSubComRE Machines andSystemsSubComC - SystemProtectionSubComPower System StabilityControls SubComDistribution SubComAMPS/VPSMGCSfor P2882Wind and Solar PlantInterc.WGWind and Solar PlantInterc.WG (Mirror)C.24 (Modeling) & C.32(Impact of IBR)WGsWG on Dyn. Perf. ofRESDistributed ResourcesIntegration WGSubstationCommitteeNERC IRPWG (Liaison)Wind and Solar PowerCoordinating Com(Liaison)SCC21(Liaison)Others?P2800 - Individual(performance)P2800.1 - Entity(test & verif.)Project Sub-Working Groups 8LiaisonsIEEE/PES/EDPG Main SponsorIEEE/PES/EMC & PSRC Joint SponsorsHVDC-VSC Subject Matter ExpertsIEEE/PES/Substations Committee SMEsIEEE/PES/Analytic Methods for Power Systems(AMPS) SMEsNERC Inverter-Based Resources Performance WGSMEs 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Applicable Resources in Scope of IEEE 2800-2022Scope ofIEEE 2800-2022reference pointof applicability (RPA)IBR planta single IBR generating resourceor energy storage systeminverter-basedresourcein scopegenerating resource(s)wind, solar, etc.in scope9energy storage system(s)in scopehybrid IBR plantsyn. mixed IBR plantmultiple IBR operated as onehybrid plantmultiple IBR and non-IBRresources operated as oneby TS operatorco-located plantmultiple resources operatedseparately by TS operatorwind, solar, etc.in ce(s)generation and/or storagegeneration and/or storagein scopein scopeenergy lresource(s)in scopeout of scopeout of scopegenerating resource(s) 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
IEEE 2800-2022 Test and Verification MethodsSupplementalIBR DeviceLarge Utility Scale1.Type Tests – performed on representative IBR unit2.Production Tests – performed on every unita.b.5.SCADA/DERMS/DMSElectricalCommunicationMV Xfmr#1IBR Evaluations3.4.PlantControllerDesign Evaluation (desk study)MV Xfmr#2InverterAs-built Installation Evaluation (on-site)MV XfmrProtectionRelayMeterGridGrid#3Commissioning Tests and VerificationsMV Xfmr#NPeriodic Interconnection TestsPoint-of-measurement (POM)PlantPoint-of-connection (PoC)IEEE 2800-2022 requires IBR plant-level conformity è more than just IBR unit conformityModified based on DER Plant-Level Performance Verification and Commissioning Guideline: First Edition. Technical Update. EPRI. Palo Alto, CA: December 2020. 300201942010 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Anticipated Timeline, and What Comes Next?Jan 2019Dec 20202800WG Draftingin Q4/2021RecirculationQ4/2021Submit IEEE 1547.1is publishedNERC IRPWGGuidelines 2024P2800.1 entityproject is ct*2023Kick-OffJan 18, 2022WG Draftingin ParallelSubGroupsBallotingPublicationIEEE ion*Project authorization request (PAR) approved by NesCom on May 21, 2021 web/app#viewpar/12623/9133); contact andy.hoke@nrel.gov and sign upfor P2800.2 Working Group and Task/Project on IEEE SA myProject at eb/app#interestsNow that IEEE 2800-2022 has been successfully approved, entities can start adopting the standardand the drafting of conformance procedures commences in projects like IEEE P2800.2 and P2882.11 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
How IEEE P2800 May Complement North American ElectricReliability Standards & GuidelinesTest & Verification &Model ValidationNARUC /State PUCs?FERC bution(for DER) FERC Orders NERC Reliability Standards& Guidelines Not available IEEE 1547-2018 IEEE 1547a-2020IEEE28002022ü NERC compliancemonitoring & enforcement Not available IEEE 1547.1-2020 Ul 1741 (SB) IEEE ICAPIEEEP2800.2üDER: DistributedEnergy ResourcesWhen adopted by the appropriate authority (e.g., Transmission Owners, NERC, FERC),IEEE standards become mandatory12 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Some Thoughts on IEEE 2800-2022 Adoption§Transmission Owners / Planners may play a key role–§Adoption may not be contingent on publication of IEEE P2800.2 Draft RecommendedPractice for Test and Verification Procedures–§Determine reasonable interconnection application enforcement date, grandfatheringOpportunities for further improvements of interconnection process–13Gap assessment, improvement of existing requirements, preferably “full adoption” of IEEE2800Potential implications for FERC Large-Scale Generators Interconnection Process (LGIP) andpro-forma Agreement (LGIA), e.g., reference for “good utility practice” 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Possible IEEE 2800-2022 Adoption MethodsGeneral Reference§§Full adoption of standard bygeneral referenceSpecification oftechnical minimum capabilityper IEEE 2800-2022– functional settings/ performance(in ranges of available settings)–§Decision whether to specifyadditional requirements or not–14e.g., for non-exhaustive reqs.Detailed Reference§§§Full or partial adoption of stdClause-by-clause referencesAny additional requirementsBenefit: Consistency to standardRisk: Fragmentation ofrequirements, certificationchallenges, additional costs 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.I§§§Full SpecificationAll on the leftClause-by-clause own languageAny additional requirementsBenefit: No need to buy standardRisk: Inconsistencies to standardand fragmentation ofrequirements, certificationchallenges, additional costs
Preliminary High-Level Gap Assessment of ERCOT Nodal ProtocolsLegend:Function SetGeneralMonitoring,Control, 15X Prohibited, Allowed by Mutual Agreement, ‡ Capability Required,(‡) Procedural Step Required as specified, Test and Verification DefinedAdvanced Functions CapabilityERCOTNodalProtocolsAdjustability in Ranges of Available SettingsPrioritization of FunctionsRamp Rate ControlCommunication InterfaceIEEE2800-2022‡‡‡‡‡Disable Permit Service(Remote Shut-Off, Remote Disconnect/Reconnect)‡‡Limit Active PowerMonitor Key Data‡‡‡‡ ‡‡Remote ConfigurabilitySet Active PowerScheduling Power ValuesConstant Power FactorVoltage-Reactive Power (Volt-Var)Autonomously Adjustable Voltage ReferenceCapability at zero active power (“VArs at night”)Active Power-Reactive Power (Watt-Var)Constant Reactive PowerVoltage-Active Power (Volt-Watt)BalancedDynamic Voltage Support /Current Injection during tocolsFrequency Ride-Through (FRT)‡Function SetAdvanced Functions Capability‡‡‡Rate-of-Change-of-Frequency (ROCOF) Ride-ThroughNR‡Voltage Ride-Through (VRT)Transient Overvoltage Ride-ThroughConsecutive Voltage Dip Ride-ThroughVoltage Phase Angle Jump Ride-ThroughFrequency Droop / Frequency-WattFast Frequency Response / Underfrequency FFRInertial ResponseOverfrequency FFRReturn to Service (Enter Service)Black StartAbnormal Frequency Trip‡ NRNR‡ NR?NR‡‡‡‡‡‡ ‡ Bulk ons andCoordination‡‡IEEE2800-2022Power QualityRate of Change of Frequency (ROCOF) Protection Abnormal Voltage TripAC Overcurrent ProtectionUnintentional Islanding Detection and TripInterconnection System ProtectionLimitation of DC Current Injectionimitation of Voltage FluctuationsLimitation of Current DistortionLimitation of Voltage DistortionLimitation of (Transient) Overvoltage ‡‡ ‡Acknowledgements for contributions and peer-review: Julia Matevosyan (ESIG) 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
IEEE 2800-2022 Technical Minimum Capability RequirementsTS ownercan eralRequirements“shall pabilityRequired in 2800FrequencyResponseFastFrequencyResponsefor underfrequencyconditions“may” bilityto DiverseIBR PlantsPrimaryFrequencyResponseReactivePower– VoltageControlQ for voltagecontrol at zeroactive powerAc-connectedoffshore wind:“should PowerPowerQualityTS owner“should” specifyRide-ThroughCapability ionsPhaseUnbalanceRapid including TrOV ConsecutiveModeling &Validation,MeasurementData, andPerformanceMonitoringProcess andcriteria formodelvalidationHigh toringPlant-levelEvaluation &ModelingCommissioningTestsFrequency &Phase-jumpRide-throughCoordinationOf ProtectionTests ion of these capabilities is outside the purview of 280016 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.Type tests
Example: Voltage Ride-Through Performance Requirements for CurrentInjection during VRTNo specification ofcurrent magnitudeThe 1-cycle time required for DFT (to derive phasorquantities) is included in specified response/settlingtime.Type III WTGsAll other IBR UnitsNA1 2.5 cycles 6 cycles 4 cycles 2.5%/ 10% of IBR unitmaximum current 2.5%/ 10% of IBR unitmaximum currentStep ResponseTimeSettling TimeSettling BandNote 1: Initial response is driven bymachine characteristics, & not thecontrol system.IEEE P2800 Draft 6.317Slower response/settling time ispermitted with mutual agreementbetween TS owner and IBRowner. 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Continuous and Iterative Improvement of IBR Performance Requirements,Plant-Level Modeling, and Model ValidationPerformance RequirementsExperienceTechnical minimum standards- IEEE 2800 (bulk system)- IEEE 1547 (distribution)- Field events- StudiesUtility specific requirements- Transmission- DistributionSufficient Plant ModelsSufficient Equipment Models- Used in Steps (Commissioning) and (Post-Comm. Monit.)- Sufficient* plant models**- Plant models validated by plant-level design evaluation and/orpost-commissioning measurements* as determined by study scope and available models,including RMS, EMT, short-circuit, and frequency domain models** May be existing or improvedversions of generic WECC models; May belatest sufficient User-written modelsû- Used in Steps (Impact Study) and (IBR Plant Design)* as determined by study scope- Sufficient* equipment models**and available models,including RMS, EMT, short- Adequate control block specificationscircuit, and frequency domainmodels- Unit/equipment models validated with type ** Maybe existing or improvedversions of generic WECCtest and/or hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) data models; May be latest sufficient- Vendor- and site-specific model parameters User-written modelsPlant Performance Conformity AssessmentüThis is where a verification toolcould automate the process.Procedures used in Steps (IBR Plant Design) and (Comm.):- Model-based plant-level design Verification Merits- Qualitativeevaluation per IEEE P2800.2- Quantitative- Commissioning testsSource: EPRI (2021)18 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights nections
Continuation Plant-Level Model Development, Improvement, and Validation of InverterBased ResourcesIBR n studies- Utility Model (local)Integration studies- System Model (regional)Bulk system resources- Post-commissioningperformance monitoringDistributed energy resourcesInterconnection standards- IEEE 2800- IEEE 1547Interconnection requirements- Transmission- DistributionPlant ModelsSufficient Plant Models(user defined or generic)Configurable (plant specific)- Modular control blocks- Control parametersPlant Performance Conformity AssessmentStandards- IEEE P2800.2 P2882- IEEE 1547.1- NERC MOD (revised)Standards- IEEE P2800.2- IEEE 1547.1Laboratory Testing- Unit levelCertification- UL 1741 SA SBDesign Evaluation- Plant level- Use of appropriate equipmentmodelsThis work is, in part, supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Solar EnergyTechnologies Office under Award Number DE-EE0009019 Adaptive Protectionand Validated MODels to Enable Deployment of High Penetrations of Solar PV (PVMOD).19Unit PerformanceVerification & Models 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.This work is, in part, supported by the North American Electric ReliabilityCorporation (NERC) under EPRI contract 20011165 Inverter-Based ResourcesDynamic Response Characterization for Bulk Power System Protection, Planning,and Power Quality.
Next Steps1.Conduct detailed gap assessmentof ERCOT Nodal Protocols2.Discussions in stakeholderprocess3.Adoption of IEEE 2800-2022?Contact: Jens Boemer, Principal Technical Leaderjboemer@epri.com 206.471.1180More Information: https://sagroups.ieee.org/2800/ https://sagroups.ieee.org/2800-2/ https://standards.ieee.org/ieee/2882/10401/ https://www.epri.com/pvmod20 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Together Shaping the Future of Energy 21 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
IBR Models: Independent of simulation domainPlant/equipment specific modelsGeneric modelsPerformance-based models- Developed independent of any specific vendor’sequipment or control structure- White-box and configurableGenericparametersPlant specificparametersGenericparametersPlant specificparametersResearchapplicationsSpecific equipment, plantdesign, configuration, andsettings (approximation)Parameterized based on:- Default config./settings- R&DSpecific equipment, plantdesign, configuration, andsettings (detailed)Application Examples:Interconnection Screens, Transmission Planning Studies22Hardware-based models- Developed to represent specific hardware andcontrol structures- Likely proprietary and “black-box”Application Examples:Interconnection / System Impact Studies 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Grid Codes and Generic Models May Always Lag Behind OEMs’ ContinuousProduct ImprovementsCapability 3Capability 2Capability 1OEM A IBR User-Defined Models A1-A3Capability 4Capability 3Capability 2Capability 1OEM B IBR User-Defined Models B1-B4Capability 2Capability 1WECMW G& RESVCMOEM C IBR User-Defined Models C1-C2Capability 4Capability 3Capability 2Capability 1Generic Models G1-G3TimeLegacyIBRØ23IEEE 2800-2022*IEEE 2800-20xx* Largely based on NERC IRPWGReliability GuidelineIdentification of critical generic model improvements per study type and objective. 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. Representation in TransmissionInterconnection & Planning Studies Generic models’ ability to representnew capabilities may always lagbehind user-defined models’ ability.
IEEE P2800 Clause 12 (Test and Verification) FrameworkWhere’s thereference point ofapplicability (RPA)?What’s thto VerifiorcationPoCRideThroughValidatedUnit Model(s)Type testsRequired path tcommissioningmodel validationPostcommissioningmonitoringPeriodictest est orverification(IBR units) (Design & As-Built)VoltageControlCommissioning TestPlant-LevelTesting24Category of test andverification needed 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
IEEE P2800.2 Motivation¾ P2800 contains performance requirements for IBRs, and a table of methods to verifyeach requirement¾ Details of verification methods not included¾ P2800.1 may contain those details, but P2800.1 is developed under the “Entity Method”where participation (voting) requires IEEE-SA Basic (Advanced) Corporate Membership¾ P2800.2 willdevelop detailsthrough “individualstandard” process(like P2800, 1547,1547.1, etc)25 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
IEEE P2800.2 Introduction¾ New IEEE PAR for P2800.2 approved by IEEE SASBon May 22, 2021¾ Title: Recommended Practice for Test andVerification Procedures for Inverter-based Resources(IBRs) Interconnecting with Bulk Power Systems¾ WG not formed yet¾ Recruiting participation from P2800 WG, IRPWG, andindustry in general¾ Especially need those with knowledge of bestpractices in designing, studying, interconnecting,commissioning, and operating large IBRs¾ Utilities, project developers, consultants,manufacturers, labs, etc¾ P2800.2 WG will start as P2800 finishes (around Q42021)¾ Express interest through IEEE MyProject, or contactandy.hoke@nrel.gov26 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
How To Express interest in IEEE myProject?1.On the myProject Home Screen, click on Menu and then on “Manage Profile and Interests”2.3.Click on the Interests tab, then on “Add Groups”Find P2800.2 under PES/EDPG per screenshot excerpts below4.Click bullets under “Groups I Am Interested In” and follow instructions on screen 27 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
28 2022 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
IEEE 2800-2022 Test and Verification Methods IEEE 2800-2022 requires IBR plant-levelconformity èmore than just IBR unit conformity Modified based on DER Plant-Level Performance Verification and Commissioning Guideline: First Edition. Technical Update. EPRI. Palo Alto, CA: December 2020. 3002019420 MV Xfmr #1 Pr otec i n Relay Gri d Plant .
IEEE 3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997 USA 28 December 2012 IEEE Power and Energy Society IEEE Std 81 -2012 (Revision of IEEE Std 81-1983) Authorized licensed use limited to: Australian National University. Downloaded on July 27,2018 at 14:57:43 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.File Size: 2MBPage Count: 86Explore furtherIEEE 81-2012 - IEEE Guide for Measuring Earth Resistivity .standards.ieee.org81-2012 - IEEE Guide for Measuring Earth Resistivity .ieeexplore.ieee.orgAn Overview Of The IEEE Standard 81 Fall-Of-Potential .www.agiusa.com(PDF) IEEE Std 80-2000 IEEE Guide for Safety in AC .www.academia.eduTesting and Evaluation of Grounding . - IEEE Web Hostingwww.ewh.ieee.orgRecommended to you b
Mods for Yaesu FT-2800M (FT 2800 M FT2800M) : Yaesu FT-2800M (FT 2800 M FT2800M) TX Power Adjustment Yaesu FT-2800M (FT 2800 M FT2800M) TX Mod Yaesu FT-2800M (FT 2800 M FT2800M) Deviation Adjustment ? Yaesu FT-2800M (FT 2800 M FT
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CHAPTER: 2800 SECTION: 2800.00.00 Income Table of Contents 2800.00.00 INCOME This chapter discusses types of income for modified adjusted gross income (“MAGI”) categories (MED 3) and non-MAGI categories (MED 1, 2, 4). Refer to Chapter 3200 to determine which assista
ERCOT Monthly Operational Overview (January 2018) ERCOT Public. February 15, 2018
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quality results of AGMA Class 10 with a double cut cycle and AGMA Class 9 with a single cut cycle can be expect-ed. The 100H weighs 7,100 lbs with a cube size of 78” X 64” X 72” high. For more information, contact Bourn & Koch at (815) 965-4013, Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet Completes First AESA Flight In a press release dated August 13, 2003, it was announced that the Boeing F/A-18E/F .
