Standard Method Of Test For The Evaluation Of Building Energy Analysis .
ANSI/ASHRAE Addendum a toANSI/ASHRAE Standard 140-2001Standard Method of Testfor the Evaluation ofBuilding Energy AnalysisComputer ProgramsApproved by the ASHRAE Standards Committee on June26, 2004; by the ASHRAE Board of Directors on July 1,2004; and by the American National Standards Instituteon July 1, 2004.This standard is under continuous maintenance by aStanding Standard Project Committee (SSPC) for whichthe Standards Committee has established a documentedprogram for regular publication of addenda or revisions,including procedures for timely, documented, consensusaction on requests for change to any part of the standard.The change submittal form, instructions, and deadlinesare given at the back of this document and may be obtained in electronic form from ASHRAE’s Internet HomePage, http://www.ashrae.org, or in paper form from theManager of Standards. The latest edition of an ASHRAEStandard and printed copies of a public review draft maybe purchased from ASHRAE Customer Service, 1791 TullieCircle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail:orders@ashrae.org. Fax: 404-321-5478. Telephone: 404636-8400 (worldwide), or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in U.S. and Canada). Copyright 2004 American Society of Heating,Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.ISSN 1041-2336
ASHRAE Standard Project Committee 140Cognizant TC: TC 4.7, Energy CalculationsSPLS Liaison: Matt R. HarganRonald D. Judkoff, Chair*David E. Knebel*Joel Neymark, Vice-ChairSimon J. Rees*Ian Beausoleil-Morrison*George N. Walton*Drury B. Crawley*Bruce A. Wilcox*Philip W. Fairey, III*Frederick C. Winkelmann*Jeff S. HaberlMichael J. Witte**Denotes members of voting status when the document was approved for publicationASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 2003-2004Van D. Baxter, ChairDavor Novosel, Vice-ChairDonald B. BivensDean S. BorgesPaul W. CabotCharles W. Coward, Jr.Hugh F. CrowtherBrian P. DoughertyHakim ElmahdyMatt R. HarganRichard D. HermansJohn F. HoganFrank E. JakobStephen D. KennedyDavid E. KnebelFrederick H. KohlossMerle F. McBrideMark P. ModeraCyrus H. NasseriGideon ShavitDavid R. TreeThomas H. WilliamsJames E. WoodsRoss D. Montgomery, BOD ExOKent W. Peterson, COClaire B. Ramspeck, Manager of StandardsSPECIAL NOTEThis American National Standard (ANS) is a national voluntary consensus standard developed under the auspices of the AmericanSociety of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). Consensus is defined by the American National StandardsInstitute (ANSI), of which ASHRAE is a member and which has approved this standard as an ANS, as “substantial agreement reachedby directly and materially affected interest categories. This signifies the concurrence of more than a simple majority, but not necessarilyunanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that an effort be made toward their resolution.”Compliance with this standard is voluntary until and unless a legal jurisdiction makes compliance mandatory through legislation.ASHRAE obtains consensus through participation of its national and international members, associated societies, and publicreview.ASHRAE Standards are prepared by a Project Committee appointed specifically for the purpose of writing the Standard. TheProject Committee Chair and Vice-Chair must be members of ASHRAE; while other committee members may or may not be ASHRAEmembers, all must be technically qualified in the subject area of the Standard. Every effort is made to balance the concerned interestson all Project Committees.The Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted for:a. interpretation of the contents of this Standard,b. participation in the next review of the Standard,c. offering constructive criticism for improving the Standard,d. permission to reprint portions of the Standard.DISCLAIMERASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the benefit of the public in light of availableinformation and accepted industry practices. However, ASHRAE does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety orperformance of any products, components, or systems tested, installed, or operated in accordance with ASHRAE’s Standardsor Guidelines or that any tests conducted under its Standards or Guidelines will be nonhazardous or free from risk.ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform method oftesting for rating purposes, by suggesting safe practices in designing and installing equipment, by providing proper definitionsof this equipment, and by providing other information that may serve to guide the industry. The creation of ASHRAE Standardsand Guidelines is determined by the need for them, and conformance to them is completely voluntary.In referring to this Standard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall be made, eitherstated or implied, that the product has been approved by ASHRAE.
(Note: Additions are shown in this addendum by underliningand deletions are shown by strikethrough except when aninformative note makes it clear that the entire material thatfollows is to be added or deleted as a whole.)CONTENTS[Informative Note: Revise the table of contents as indicated.]Foreword1.Purpose2.Scope3.Definitions, Abbreviations and Acronyms4.Methods of Testing5.Test Procedures6.Output RequirementsNormative AnnexesAnnex A1 Weather DataAnnex A2 Standard Output ReportsInformative AnnexesAnnex B1 Tabular Summary of Test CasesAnnex B2 About Typical Meteorological Year (TMY)Weather DataAnnex B3 Infiltration and Fan Adjustments for AltitudeAnnex B4 Exterior Combined Radiative and ConvectiveSurface CoefficientsAnnex B5 Infrared Portion of Film CoefficientsAnnex B6 Incident Angle Dependent Window Optical Property CalculationsAnnex B7 Detailed Calculation of Solar FractionsAnnex B8 Example ResultsAnnex B9 Diagnosing the Results Using the Flow DiagramsAnnex B10 Instructions for Working with Results Spreadsheets Provided with the StandardAnnex B11 Production of Example ResultsAnnex B12 Temperature Bin Conversion ProgramAnnex B13 COP Degradation Factor (CDF) as a Function ofPart Load Ratio (PLR)Annex B14 Cooling Coil Bypass FactorAnnex B15 Indoor Fan Data EquivalenceAnnex B16 Quasi-Analytical Solution Results and ExampleSimulation Results for HVAC Equipment Performance TestsAnnex B17 Production of Quasi-Analytical Solution Resultsand Example Simulation ResultsAnnex B183 Validation Methodologies and Other ResearchRelevant to Standard 140Annex B194 References(This foreword is not part of this standard. It is merelyinformative and does not contain requirements necessaryfor conformance to the standard. It has not been processed according to the ANSI requirements for a standard and may contain material that has not been subjectto public review or a consensus process.)[Informative Note: This new foreword replaces the previousforeword.]BSR/ASHRAE Addendum a to ANSI/ASHRAE STANDARD 140-2001FOREWORDThis Standard Method of Test (SMOT) can be used foridentifying and diagnosing predictive differences from wholebuilding energy simulation software that may possibly becaused by algorithmic differences, modeling limitations, inputdifferences, or coding errors. The current set of tests includedherein consists of comparative tests that focus on building thermal envelope and fabric loadsand analytical verification tests that focus on mechanicalequipment performance.These tests are part of an overall validation methodologydescribed in Annex B18.This procedure tests software over a broad range of parametric interactions and for a number of different output types,thus minimizing the concealment of algorithmic differences bycompensating errors. Different building energy simulationprograms, representing different degrees of modeling complexity, can be tested. However, some of the tests may be incompatible with some building energy simulation programs.The tests are a subset of all the possible tests that couldoccur. A large amount of effort has gone into establishing asequence of tests that examine many of the thermal models relevant to simulating the energy performance of a building andits mechanical equipment. However, because building energysimulation software operates in an immense parameter space,it is not practical to test every combination of parameters overevery possible range of function.The tests consist of a series of carefully described testcase building plans and mechanical equipment specifications.Output values for the cases are compared and used in conjunction with diagnostic logic to determine the sources of predictive differences. For the building thermal envelope andfabric load cases of Section 5.2, the “basic” cases (Sections5.2.1 and 5.2.2) test the ability of the programs to model suchcombined effects as thermal mass, direct solar gain windows,window-shading devices, internally generated heat, infiltration, sunspaces, and deadband and setback thermostat control. The “in-depth” cases (Section 5.2.3) facilitate diagnosisby allowing excitation of specific heat transfer mechanisms.The HVAC equipment cases of Section 5.3 test the ability ofprograms to model the performance of unitary space-coolingequipment using manufacturer design data presented asempirically derived performance maps. In these steady-statecases, the following parameters are varied: sensible internalgains, latent internal gains, zone thermostat setpoint (enteringdry-bulb temperature), and outdoor dry-bulb temperature.Parametric variations isolate the effects of the parameters singly and in various combinations and isolate the influence ofpart-loading of equipment, varying sensible heat ratio, “dry”coil (no latent load) versus “wet” coil (with dehumidification)operation, and operation at typical Air-Conditioning andRefrigeration Institute (ARI) rating conditions.The tests have a variety of uses including:1
(a) comparing the predictions from other building energyprograms to the example results provided in the informative Annexes B8 and B16 and/or to other results that weregenerated using this SMOT;(b) checking a program against a previous version of itselfafter internal code modifications to ensure that only theintended changes actually resulted;(c) checking a program against itself after a single algorithmic change to understand the sensitivity between algorithms; and(d) diagnosing the algorithmic sources and other sources ofprediction differences (diagnostic logic flow diagrams areincluded in the informative Annex B9).Regarding the example building fabric load test results ofAnnex B8, the building energy simulation computer programsused to generate these results have been subjected to a numberof analytical verification, empirical validation, and comparative testing studies. However, there is no such thing as a completely validated building energy simulation computerprogram. All building models are simplifications of reality.The philosophy here is to generate a range of results from several programs that are generally accepted as representing thestate-of-the-art in whole building energy simulation programs.To the extent possible, input errors or differences have beeneliminated from the presented results. Thus, for a given casethe range of differences between results presented in the informative Annex B8 represents legitimate algorithmic differencesamong these computer programs for comparative envelopetests. For any given case, a tested program may fall outsidethis range without necessarily being incorrect. However, it isworthwhile to investigate the source of significant differences,as the collective experience of the authors of this standard isthat such differences often indicate problems with the softwareor its usage, including, but not limited to, user input error, where the user misinterpreted or incorrectly entered one or more program inputs;a problem with a particular algorithm in the program;one or more program algorithms used outside theirintended range.Also, for any given case, a program that yields values inthe middle of the range established by the Annex B8 exampleresults should not be perceived as better or worse than a program that yields values at the borders of the range.The Annex B16 results for the HVAC equipment performance tests include both quasi-analytical solutions and simulation results. In general, it is difficult to develop worthwhiletest cases that can be solved analytically or quasi-analytically,but such solutions are extremely useful when possible. Analytical or quasi-analytical solutions represent a “mathematicaltruth standard.” That is, given the underlying physicalassumptions in the case definitions, there is a mathematicallycorrect solution for each case. In this context, the underlyingphysical assumptions regarding the mechanical equipment asdefined in Section 5.3 are representative of typical manufacturer data normally used by building design practitioners;many “whole-building” simulation programs are designed towork with this type of data. It is important to understand the2difference between a “mathematical truth standard” and an“absolute truth standard.” In the former, we accept the givenunderlying physical assumptions while recognizing that theseassumptions represent a simplification of physical reality. Theultimate or “absolute” validation standard would be comparison of simulation results with a perfectly performed empiricalexperiment, the inputs for which are perfectly specified tothose doing the simulation (the simulationists).The minor disagreements among the two sets of quasianalytical solution results presented in Annex B16 are smallenough to allow identification of bugs in the software thatwould not otherwise be apparent from comparing softwareonly to other software and therefore improves the diagnosticcapabilities of the test procedure. The primary purpose of alsoincluding simulation results for the Section 5.3 cases in AnnexB16 is to allow simulationists to compare their relative agreement (or disagreement) versus the quasi-analytical solutionresults to that for other simulation results. Perfect agreementamong simulations and quasi-analytical solutions is not necessarily expected. The results give an indication of the sort ofagreement that is possible between simulation results and thequasi-analytical solution results. Because the physicalassumptions of a simulation may be different from those forthe quasi-analytical solutions, a tested program may disagreewith the quasi-analytical solutions without necessarily beingincorrect. However, it is worthwhile to investigate the sourcesof differences as noted above.3. DEFINITIONS, ABBREVIATIONS,AND ACRONYMS3.1Terms Defined for This Standard[Informative Note: Add the following new definitions toSection 3.1.]adjusted net sensible capacity: the gross sensible capacity lessthe actual fan power. (Also see gross sensible capacity.)adjusted net total capacity: the gross total capacity less theactual fan power. (Also see gross total capacity.)analytical solution: mathematical solution of a model of reality that has a deterministic result for a given set of parametersand boundary conditions.apparatus dew point (ADP): the effective coil surface temperature when there is dehumidification; this is the temperature towhich all the supply air would be cooled if 100% of the supplyair contacted the coil. On the psychrometric chart, this is theintersection of the condition line and the saturation curve,where the condition line is the line going through entering airconditions with slope defined by the sensible heat ratio ([grosssensible capacity]/[gross total capacity]). (Also see grosssensible capacity and gross total capacity.)building thermal envelope and fabric: includes the buildingthermal envelope as defined in ASHRAE Terminology, A-1 aswell as internal thermal capacitance and heat and mass transferbetween internal zones.BSR/ASHRAE Addendum a to ANSI/ASHRAE STANDARD 140-2001
bypass factor (BF): can be thought of as the percentage of thedistribution air that does not come into contact with the cooling coil; the remaining air is assumed to exit the coil at theaverage coil temperature (apparatus dew point). (See alsoapparatus dew point.)coefficient of performance (COP): for a cooling (refrigeration) system, the ratio, using the same units in the numeratoras in the denominator, of the net refrigeration effect to thecooling energy consumption. (Also see net refrigeration effectand cooling energy consumption.)cooling energy consumption: the site electric energyconsumption of the mechanical cooling equipment includingthe compressor, air distribution fan, condenser fan, and relatedauxiliaries.COPSEER: the seasonal energy efficiency ratio (dimensionless).COP degradation factor (CDF): multiplier ( 1) applied to thefull-load system COP. CDF is a function of part-load ratio.(Also see part-load ratio.)value varies as a function of performance parameters such asEWB, ODB, EDB, and airflow rate. (Also see sensible heat.)gross total capacity: the total rate of both sensible heat andlatent heat removal by the cooling coil for a given set of operating conditions. This value varies as a function of performance parameters such as EWB, ODB, EDB, and airflow rate.(Also see sensible heat and latent heat.)gross total coil load: the sum of the sensible heat and latentheat removed from the distribution air by the evaporator coil.humidity ratio: the ratio of the mass of water vapor to the massof dry air in a moist air sample.indoor dry-bulb temperature (IDB): the temperature that athermometer would measure if exposed to indoor air.latent heat: the change in enthalpy associated with a changein humidity ratio, caused by the addition or removal of moisture. (Also see humidity ratio.)energy efficiency ratio (EER): the ratio of net refrigerationeffect (in Btu per hour) to cooling energy consumption (inwatts) so that EER is stated in units of (Btu/h)/W. (Also see netrefrigeration effect and cooling energy consumption.)net refrigeration effect: the rate of heat removal (sensible latent) by the evaporator coil, as regulated by the thermostat(i.e., not necessarily the full load capacity), after deductinginternal and external heat transfers to air passing over the evaporator coil. For the tests of Section 5.3, the net refrigerationeffect is the evaporator coil load less the actual air distributionfan heat for the time when the compressor is operating; at fullload, this is also the adjusted net total capacity. (Also seeadjusted net total capacity, evaporator coil load, sensibleheat, and latent heat.)entering dry-bulb temperature (EDB): the temperature that athermometer would measure for air entering the evaporatorcoil. For a draw-through fan configuration with no heat gainsor losses in the ductwork, EDB equals the indoor dry-bulbtemperature.net sensible capacity: the gross sensible capacity less thedefault rate of fan heat assumed by the manufacturer; this rateof fan heat is not necessarily the same as for the actual installedfan (see adjusted net sensible capacity). (Also see gross sensible capacity.)entering wet-bulb temperature (EWB): the temperature thatthe wet-bulb portion of a psychrometer would measure ifexposed to air entering the evaporator coil. For a draw-throughfan with no heat gains or losses in the ductwork, this wouldalso be the zone air wet-bulb temperature. For mixtures ofwater vapor and dry air at atmospheric temperatures and pressures, the wet-bulb temperature is approximately equal to theadiabatic saturation temperature (temperature of the air afterundergoing a theoretical adiabatic saturation process). Thewet-bulb temperature given in psychrometric charts is reallythe adiabatic saturation temperature.net total capacity: the gross total capacity less the default rateof fan heat assumed by the manufacturer; this rate of fan heatis not necessarily the same as for the actual installed fan (seeadjusted net total capacity). (Also see gross total capacity.)evaporator coil loads: the actual sensible heat and latent heatremoved from the distribution air by the evaporator coil. Theseloads include indoor air distribution fan heat for times whenthe compressor is operating, and they are limited by the systemcapacity (where system capacity is a function of operatingconditions). (Also see sensible heat and latent heat.)quasi-analytical solution: mathematical solution of a modelof reality for a given set of parameters and boundary conditions; such a result may be computed by generally acceptednumerical method calculations, provided that such calculations occur outside the environment of a whole-buildingenergy simulation program and can be scrutinized.gross sensible capacity: the rate of sensible heat removal bythe cooling coil for a given set of operating conditions. Thisseasonal energy efficiency ratio (SEER): the ratio of netrefrigeration effect in Btu to the cooling energy consumptiondegradation coefficient: measure of efficiency loss due tocycling of equipment.BSR/ASHRAE Addendum a to ANSI/ASHRAE STANDARD 140-2001outdoor dry-bulb temperature (ODB): the temperature that athermometer would measure if exposed to outdoor air. This isthe temperature of air entering the condenser coil.part-load ratio (PLR): the ratio of the net refrigeration effectto the adjusted net total capacity for the cooling coil. (Also seenet refrigeration effect and adjusted net total capacity.)3
in watt-hours for a refrigerating device over its normal annualusage period as determined using ANSI/ARI Standard 210/240-89.A-2 This parameter is commonly used for simplifiedestimates of energy consumption based on a given load and isnot generally useful for detailed simulations of mechanicalsystems. (Also see net refrigeration effect and cooling energyconsumption.)sensible heat: the change in enthalpy associated with a changein dry-bulb temperature caused by the addition or removal ofheat.sensible heat ratio (SHR): also known as sensible heat factor(SHF), the ratio of sensible heat transfer to total (sensible latent) heat transfer for a process. (Also see sensible heat andlatent heat.)zone cooling loads: sensible heat and latent heat loads associated with heat and moisture exchange between the buildingenvelope and its surroundings as well as internal heat andmoisture gains within the building. These loads do not includeinternal gains associated with operating the mechanicalsystem (e.g., air distribution fan heat).3.2Technische Universität DresdenWeather Bureau Army Navywater gauge[Informative Note: Make the following revisions in Sections4.1—4.4.]4.1Applicability of Test MethodThe method of test is provided for analyzing and diagnosing building energy simulation software using software-tosoftware and software-to-quasi-analytical-solution comparisons. This is a comparative test that The methodology allowsdifferent building energy simulation programs, representingdifferent degrees of modeling complexity, to be tested by comparing the predictions from other building energyprograms to the example simulation results provided inthe informative Annex B8, to the example quasi-analytical solution and simulation results in the informativeAnnex B16, and/or to other results (simulations orquasi-analytical solutions) that were generated usingthis Standard Method of Test;checking a program against a previous version of itselfafter internal code modifications to ensure that only theintended changes actually resulted;checking a program against itself after a single algorithmic change to understand the sensitivity between algorithms; anddiagnosing the algorithmic sources of prediction differences (diagnostic logic flow diagrams are included inthe informative Annex B9). Abbreviations and Acronyms Used in This Standard[Informative Note: Add the following acronyms to Section3.2.]ADPapparatus dew pointANSIAmerican National Standards InstituteARIAir Conditioning and Refrigeration InstituteASHRAEAmerican Society of Heating, Refrigeratingand Air-Conditioning EngineersBFbypass factorCddegradation coefficientCDFcoefficient of performance degradation factorCFMcubic feet per minuteCIBSEChartered Institution of Building ServicesEngineersCOPcoefficient of performanceEDBentering dry-bulb temperatureEERenergy efficiency ratioEWBentering wet-bulb temperatureHVACheating, ventilating, and air-conditioningI.D.inside diameterIDBindoor dry-bulb temperatureNOAANational Oceanic and AtmosphericAdministrationNSRDBNational Solar Radiation DatabaseO.D.outside diameterODBoutdoor dry-bulb temperaturePLRpart-load ratioSEERseasonal energy efficiency ratioSHRsensible heat ratioSISystème InternationaleTMY2Typical Meteorological Year 24TUDWBANwg Organization of Test CasesThe specifications for determining input values areprovided case by case in Section 5.2. Weather data required foruse with the test cases are provided in Annex A1. Annex B1provides an informative overview for all the test cases andcontains information on those building parameters that changefrom case to case; Annex B1 is recommended for preliminaryreview of the tests, but do not use it for defining the cases.Additional information regarding the meaning of the cases isshown in the informative Annex B9 on diagnostic logic. Insome instances (e.g., Case 620, Section 5.2.2.1.2), a casedeveloped from modifications to Case 600 (Section 5.2.1) willalso serve as the base case for other cases. The cases aregrouped as:(a) Building Thermal Envelope and Fabric Load Base Case(see 4.2.1)(b) Building Thermal Envelope and Fabric Load Basic Tests(see 4.2.2)4.2 Low Mass (see 4.2.2.1)High Mass (see 4.2.2.2)Free Float (see 4.2.2.3)(c) Building Thermal Envelope and Fabric Load In-DepthTests (see 4.2.3)(d) HVAC Equipment Performance Base Case (see 4.2.4)(e) HVAC Equipment Performance Parameter Variation Tests(see 4.2.5)BSR/ASHRAE Addendum a to ANSI/ASHRAE STANDARD 140-2001
4.2.1 Building Thermal Envelope and Fabric LoadBase Case. The base building plan is a low mass, rectangularsingle zone with no interior partitions. It is presented in detailin Section 5.2.1.4.2.2 Building Thermal Envelope and Fabric LoadBasic Tests. The basic tests analyze the ability of software tomodel building envelope loads in a low mass configurationwith the following variations: window orientation, shadingdevices, setback thermostat, and night ventilation.4.2.2.1 The low mass basic tests (Cases 600 through650) utilize lightweight walls, floor, and roof. They are presented in detail in Section 5.2.2.1.4.2.2.2 The high mass basic tests (Cases 900 through960) utilize masonry walls and concrete slab floor and includean additional configuration with a sunspace. They are presented in detail in Section 5.2.2.2.4.2.2.3 Free float basic tests (Cases 600FF, 650FF,900FF, and 950FF) have no heating or cooling system. Theyanalyze the ability of software to model zone temperature inboth low mass and high mass configurations with and withoutnight ventilation. The tests are presented in detail in Section5.2.2.3.4.2.3 Building Thermal Envelope and Fabric Load InDepth Tests. The in-depth cases are presented in detail inSection 5.2.3.4.2.3.1 In-depth Cases 195 through 320 analyze theability of software to model building envelope loads for a nondeadband on/off thermostat control configuration with thefollowing variations among the cases: no windows, opaquewindows, exterior infrared emittance, interior infrared emittance, infiltration, internal gains, exterior shortwave absorptance, south solar gains, interior shortwave absorptance,window orientation, shading devices, and thermostat setpoints. These are a detailed set of tests designed to isolate theeffects of specific algorithms. However, some of the casesmay be incompatible with some building energy simulationprograms.4.2.3.2 In-depth Cases 395 through 440, 800, and 810analyze the ability of software to model building envelopeloads in a deadband thermostat control configuration with thefollowing variations: no windows, opaque windows, infiltration, internal gains, exterior shortwave absorptance, southsolar gains, interior shortwave absorptance, and thermal mass.This series of in-depth tests is designed to be compatible withmore building energy simulation programs. However, thediagnosis of software using this test series is not as precise asfor Cases 195 through 320.4.2.4 HVAC Equipment Performance Base Case. Theconfiguration of the base-case (Case E100) building is a nearadiabatic rectangular single zone with only user-specifiedinternal gains to drive steady-state cooling load. Mechanicalequipment specifications represent a simple unitary vaporcompression cooling system or, more precisely, a split-system, air-cooled condensing unit with an indoor evaporatorcoil. Performance of this equipment is typically modeledusing manufacturer design data presented in the form ofempirically derived performance maps. This case is presentedin detail in Section 5.3.1.BSR/ASHRAE Addendum a to ANSI/ASHRAE STANDARD 140-20014.2.5 HVAC Equipment Performance Parameter Variation Tests In these steady-state cases (cases E110 throughE200), the following parameters are varied: sensible internalgains, latent internal gains, zone thermostat setpoint (enteringdry-bulb temperature [EDB]), and ODB. Parametric variations isolate the effects of the parameters singly and in variouscombinations and isolate the influence of: part-loading ofequipment, varying sensible heat ratio, “dry” coil (no latentload) versus “wet” coil (with dehumidification) operation,and operation at typical Air-Conditioning and RefrigerationInstitute (ARI) rating conditions. In this way the models aretested in various domains of the performance map. Thesecases are presented in detail in Section 5.3.2.Reporting ResultsThe Standard Output Reports provided in the files thataccompany this standard (available at http://www.ashrae.org/template/PDFDetail?assetID 34505) shall be used. Instructions regardin
for conformance to the standard. It has not been pro-cessed according to the ANSI requirements for a stan-dard and may contain material that has not been subject to public review or a consensus process.) [Informative Note: This new foreword replaces the previous foreword.] FOREWORD This Standard Method of Test (SMOT) can be used for
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