Personal Protective Equipment: OSHA Standards 1910.132-1371

Archival copy: for current recommendations see http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu or your local extension office.Personal Protective Equipment: OSHA Standards 1910.132-137Section 1910.132(f)(2) -- Each affectedemployee shall demonstrate an understanding of thetraining specified in paragraph (f)(1) of this section,and the ability to use PPE properly, before beingallowed to perform work requiring the use of PPE.Section 1910.132(f)(3) -- When the employerhas reason to believe that any affected employee whohas already been trained does not have theunderstanding and skill required by paragraph (f)(2)of this section, the employer shall retrain each suchemployee. Circumstances where retraining is requiredinclude, but are not limited to, situations where:(i) -- Changes in the workplace render previoustraining obsolete; or(ii) -- Changes in the types of PPE to be usedrender previous training obsolete; or(iii) -- Inadequacies in an affected employee'sknowledge or use of assigned PPE indicate that theemployee has not retained the requisite understandingor skill.Section 1910.132(f)(4) -- The employer shallverify that each affected employee has received andunderstood the required training through a writtencertification that contains the name of each employeetrained, the date(s) of training, and that identifies thesubject of the certification.Section 1910.132(g)Paragraphs (d) and (f) of this section apply onlyto 1910.133, 1910.135, 1910.136, and 1910.138.Paragraphs (d) and (f) of this section do not apply to1910.134 and 1910.137.Eye and Face Protection -- OSHA Standard1910.133Section 1910.133(a) -- GeneralRequirements1910.133(a)(1) -- The employer shall ensure thateach affected employee uses appropriate eye or faceprotection when exposed to eye or face hazards fromflying particles, molten metal, liquid chemicals, acids5or caustic liquids, chemical gases or vapors, orpotentially injurious light radiation.1910.133(a)(2) -- The employer shall ensure thateach affected employee uses eye protection thatprovides side protection when there is a hazard fromflying objects. Detachable side protectors (e.g.clip-on or slide-on side shields) meeting the pertinentrequirements of this section are acceptable.1910.133(a)(3) -- The employer shall ensure thateach affected employee who wears prescription lenseswhile engaged in operations that involve eye hazardswears eye protection that incorporates theprescription in its design, or wears eye protection thatcan be worn over the prescription lenses withoutdisturbing the proper position of the prescriptionlenses or the protective lenses.1910.133(a)(4) -- Eye and face PPE shall bedistinctly marked to facilitate identification of themanufacturer.1910.133(a)(5) -- The employer shall ensure thateach affected employee uses equipment with filterlenses that have a shade number appropriate for thework being performed for protection from injuriouslight radiation. See Table 1910.133-1 for a listing ofappropriate shade numbers for various operations.Section 1910.133(b) -- Criteria for ProtectiveEye and Face Devices1910.133(b)(1) -- Protective eye and facedevices purchased after July 5, 1994 shall complywith ANSI Z87.1-1989, "American NationalStandard Practice for Occupational and EducationalEye and Face Protection," which is incorporated byreference as specified in Sec. 1910.6.1910.133(b)(2) -- Eye and face protectivedevices purchased before July 5, 1994 shall complywith the ANSI "USA standard for Occupational andEducational Eye and Face Protection," Z87.1-1968,which is incorporated by reference as specified inSec. 1910.6, or shall be demonstrated by theemployer to be equally effective.

Archival copy: for current recommendations see http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu or your local extension office.Personal Protective Equipment: OSHA Standards 1910.132-137Respiratory Protection -- OSHAStandard 1910.1346respirators (SARs) and self-contained breathingapparatus (SCBA) units.This section applies to General Industry (part1910), Shipyards (part 1915), Marine Terminals(part 1917), Longshoring (part 1918), andConstruction (part 1926).Canister or cartridge -- Acontainer with a filter,sorbent, or catalyst, or combination of these items,which removes specific contaminants from the airpassed through the container.Section 1910.134(a) -- Permissible PracticeDemand respirator -- An atmosphere-supplyingrespirator that admits breathing air to the facepieceonly when a negative pressure is created inside thefacepiece by inhalation.Section 1910.134(a)(1) -- In the control of thoseoccupational diseases caused by breathing aircontaminated with harmful dusts, fogs, fumes, mists,gases, smokes, sprays, or vapors, the primaryobjective shall be to prevent atmosphericcontamination. This shall be accomplished as far asfeasible by accepted engineering control measures(for example, enclosure or confinement of theoperation, general and local ventilation, andsubstitution of less toxic materials). When effectiveengineering controls are not feasible, or while theyare being instituted, appropriate respirators shall beused pursuant to this section.Section 1910.134(a)(2) -- Respirators shall beprovided by the employer when such equipment isnecessary to protect the health of the employee. Theemployer shall provide the respirators which areapplicable and suitable for the purpose intended. Theemployer shall be responsible for the establishmentand maintenance of a respiratory protection programwhich shall include the requirements outlined inparagraph (c) of this section.Section 1910.134(b) -- DefinitionsThe following definitions are important termsused in the respiratory protection standard in thissection.Air-purifying respirator -- A respirator with anair-purifying filter, cartridge, or canister that removesspecific air contaminants by passing ambient airthrough the air-purifying element.Assigned protection factor (APF) [Reserved]Atmosphere-supplying respirator -- Arespirator that supplies the respirator user withbreathing air from a source independent of theambient atmosphere, and includes supplied-airEmergency situation -- Any occurrence such as,but not limited to, equipment failure, rupture ofcontainers, or failure of control equipment that mayor does result in an uncontrolled significant release ofan airborne contaminant.Employee exposure -- Exposure to aconcentration of an airborne contaminant that wouldoccur if the employee were not using respiratoryprotection.End-of-service-life indicator (ESLI) -- Asystem that warns the respirator user of the approachof the end of adequate respiratory protection, forexample, that the sorbent is approaching saturation oris no longer effective.Escape-only respirator -- A respirator intendedto be used only for emergency exit.Filter or air purifying element -- A componentused in respirators to remove solid or liquid aerosolsfrom the inspired air.Filtering facepiece (dust mask) -- A negativepressure particulate respirator with a filter as anintegral part of the facepiece or with the entirefacepiece composed of the filtering medium.Fit factor -- A quantitative estimate of the fit ofa particular respirator to a specific individual, andtypically estimates the ratio of the concentration of asubstance in ambient air to its concentration insidethe respirator when worn.Fit test -- The use of a protocol to qualitativelyor quantitatively evaluate the fit of a respirator on anindividual. (See also Qualitative fit test QLFT andQuantitative fit test QNFT.)

Archival copy: for current recommendations see http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu or your local extension office.Personal Protective Equipment: OSHA Standards 1910.132-137Helmet -- A rigid respiratory inlet covering thatalso provides head protection against impact andpenetration.High efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter -A filter that is at least 99.97% efficient in removingmonodisperse particles of 0.3 micrometers indiameter. The equivalent NIOSH 42 CFR 84particulate filters are the N100, R100, and P100filters.Hood -- A respiratory inlet covering thatcompletely covers the head and neck and may alsocover portions of the shoulders and torso.Immediately dangerous to life or health(IDLH) -- An atmosphere that poses an immediatethreat to life, would cause irreversible adverse healtheffects, or would impair an individual's ability toescape from a dangerous atmosphere.Interior structural firefighting -- The physicalactivity of fire suppression, rescue or both, inside ofbuildings or enclosed structures which are involvedin a fire situation beyond the incipient stage. (See 29CFR 1910.155)Loose-fitting facepiece -- A respiratory inletcovering that is designed to form a partial seal withthe face.Maximum use concentration (MUC)[Reserved].Negative pressure respirator (tight fitting) -- Arespirator in which the air pressure inside thefacepiece is negative during inhalation with respect tothe ambient air pressure outside the respirator.Oxygen deficient atmosphere -- An atmospherewith an oxygen content below 19.5% by volume.Physician or other licensed health careprofessional (PLHCP) -- An individual whoselegally permitted scope of practice (i.e., license,registration, or certification) allows him or her toindependently provide, or be delegated theresponsibility to provide, some or all of the healthcare services required by paragraph (e) of thissection.7Positive pressure respirator -- A respirator inwhich the pressure inside the respiratory inletcovering exceeds the ambient air pressure outside therespirator.Powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR) -An air-purifying respirator that uses a blower to forcethe ambient air through air-purifying elements to theinlet covering.Pressure demand respirator -- A positivepressure atmosphere-supplying respirator that admitsbreathing air to the facepiece when the positivepressure is reduced inside the facepiece by inhalation.Qualitative fit test (QLFT) -- A pass/fail fit testto assess the adequacy of respirator fit that relies onthe individual's response to the test agent.Quantitative fit test (QNFT) -- An assessmentof the adequacy of respirator fit by numericallymeasuring the amount of leakage into the respirator.Respiratory inlet covering -- That portion of arespirator that forms the protective barrier betweenthe user's respiratory tract and an air-purifying deviceor breathing air source, or both. It may be afacepiece, helmet, hood, suit, or a mouthpiecerespirator with nose clamp.Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) -An atmosphere-supplying respirator for which thebreathing air source is designed to be carried by theuser.Service life -- The period of time that arespirator, filter or sorbent, or other respiratoryequipment provides adequate protection to thewearer.Supplied-air respirator (SAR) or airlinerespirator -- An atmosphere-supplying respirator forwhich the source of breathing air is not designed tobe carried by the user.This section -- This respiratory protectionstandard.Tight-fitting facepiece -- A respiratory inletcovering that forms a complete seal with the face.

Archival copy: for current recommendations see http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu or your local extension office.Personal Protective Equipment: OSHA Standards 1910.132-1378User seal check -- An action conducted by therespirator user to determine if the respirator isproperly seated to the face.(v) -- Procedures and schedules for cleaning,disinfecting, storing, inspecting, repairing, discarding,and otherwise maintaining respirators;Section 1910.134(c) -- RespiratoryProtection Program(vi) -- Procedures to ensure adequate air quality,quantity, and flow of breathing air foratmosphere-supplying respirators;This paragraph requires the employer to developand implement a written respiratory protectionprogram with required worksite-specific proceduresand elements for required respirator use. The programmust be administered by a suitably trained programadministrator. In addition, certain program elementsmay be required for voluntary use to prevent potentialhazards associated with the use of the respirator. TheSmall Entity Compliance Guide contains criteria forthe selection of a program administrator and a sampleprogram that meets the requirements of thisparagraph. Copies of the Small Entity ComplianceGuide will be available on or about April 8, 1998from the Occupational Safety and HealthAdministration's Office of Publications, Room N3101, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington,DC, 20210 (202-219-4667).Section 1910.134(c)(1) -- In any workplacewhere respirators are necessary to protect the healthof the employee or whenever respirators are requiredby the employer, the employer shall establish andimplement a written respiratory protection programwith worksite-specific procedures. The program shallbe updated as necessary to reflect those changes inworkplace conditions that affect respirator use. Theemployer shall include in the program the followingprovisions of this section, as applicable:(i) -- Procedures for selecting respirators for usein the workplace;(ii) -- Medical evaluations of employees requiredto use respirators;(iii) -- Fit testing procedures for tight-fittingrespirators;(iv) -- Procedures for proper use of respirators inroutine and reasonably foreseeable emergencysituations;(vii) -- Training of employees in the respiratoryhazards to which they are potentially exposed duringroutine and emergency situations;(viii) -- Training of employees in the proper useof respirators, including putting on and removingthem, any limitations on their use, and theirmaintenance; and(ix) -- Procedures for regularly evaluating theeffectiveness of the program.Section 1910.134(c)(2) -- Where respirator use isnot required:(i) -- An employer may provide respirators at therequest of employees or permit employees to usetheir own respirators, if the employer determines thatsuch respirator use will not in itself create a hazard. Ifthe employer determines that any voluntary respiratoruse is permissible, the employer shall provide therespirator users with the information contained inAppendix D to this section ("Information forEmployees Using Respirators When Not RequiredUnder the Standard"); and(ii) -- In addition, the employer must establishand implement those elements of a written respiratoryprotection program necessary to ensure that anyemployee using a respirator voluntarily is medicallyable to use that respirator, and that the respirator iscleaned, stored, and maintained so that its use doesnot present a health hazard to the user. Exception:Employers are not required to include in a writtenrespiratory protection program those employeeswhose only use of respirators involves the voluntaryuse of filtering facepieces (dust masks).Section 1910.134(c)(3) -- The employer shalldesignate a program administrator who is qualified byappropriate training or experience that iscommensurate with the complexity of the program toadminister or oversee the respiratory protection

Archival copy: for current recommendations see http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu or your local extension office.Personal Protective Equipment: OSHA Standards 1910.132-137program and conduct the required evaluations ofprogram effectiveness.Section 1910.134(c)(4) -- The employer shallprovide respirators, training, and medical evaluationsat no cost to the employee.Section 1910.134(d) -- Selection ofRespiratorsThis paragraph requires the employer to evaluaterespiratory hazard(s) in the workplace, identifyrelevant workplace and user factors, and baserespirator selection on these factors. The paragraphalso specifies appropriately protective respirators foruse in IDLH atmospheres, and limits the selection anduse of air-purifying respirators.Section 1910.134(d)(1) -- GeneralRequirements(i) -- The employer shall select and provide anappropriate respirator based on the respiratoryhazard(s) to which the worker is exposed andworkplace and user factors that affect respiratorperformance and reliability.(ii) -- The employer shall select aNIOSH-certified respirator. The respirator shall beused in compliance with the conditions of itscertification.(iii) -- The employer shall identify and evaluatethe respiratory hazard(s) in the workplace; thisevaluation shall include a reasonable estimate ofemployee exposures to respiratory hazard(s) and anidentification of the contaminant's chemical state andphysical form. Where the employer cannot identify orreasonably estimate the employee exposure, theemployer shall consider the atmosphere to be IDLH.(iv) -- The employer shall select respirators froma sufficient number of respirator models and sizes sothat the respirator is acceptable to, and correctly fits,the user.Section 1910.134(d)(2) -- Respirators forIDLH Atmospheres(i) -- The employer shall provide the followingrespirators for employee use in IDLH atmospheres:9(A) -- A full facepiece pressure demand SCBAcertified by NIOSH for a minimum service lifeof thirty minutes, or(B) -- A combination full facepiece pressuredemand supplied-air respirator (SAR) withauxiliary self-contained air supply.(ii) -- Respirators provided only for escape fromIDLH atmospheres shall be NIOSH-certified forescape from the atmosphere in which they will beused.(iii) -- All oxygen-deficient atmospheres shall beconsidered IDLH. Exception: If the employerdemonstrates that, under all foreseeable conditions,the oxygen concentration can be maintained withinthe ranges specified in Table 1910.134-1 of thissection (i.e., for the altitudes set out in the table), thenany atmosphere-supplying respirator may be used.(Note: Table 1910.134-1 is referred to as Table II inthe original standard.)Section 1910.134(d)(3) -- Respirators forAtmospheres That Are Not IDLH(i) -- The employer shall provide a respirator thatis adequate to protect the health of the employee andensure compliance with all other OSHA statutory andregulatory requirements, under routine andreasonably foreseeable emergency situations.(A) -- Assigned Protection Factors (APFs)[Reserved](B) -- Maximum Use Concentration (MUC)[Reserved](ii) -- The respirator selected shall be appropriatefor the chemical state and physical form of thecontaminant.(iii) -- For protection against gases and vapors,the employer shall provide:(A) -- An atmosphere-supplying respirator, or(B) -- An air-purifying respirator, providedthat:

Archival copy: for current recommendations see http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu or your local extension office.Personal Protective Equipment: OSHA Standards 1910.132-137(1) The respirator is equipped with anend-of-service-life indicator (ESLI)certified by NIOSH for the contaminant;or(2) -- If there is no ESLI appropriate forconditions in the employer's workplace,the employer implements a changeschedule for canisters and cartridges thatis based on objective information or datathat will ensure that canisters andcartridges are changed before the end oftheir service life. The employer shalldescribe in the respirator program theinformation and data relied upon and thebasis for the canister and cartridge changeschedule and the basis for reliance on thedata.(iv) -- For protection against particulates, theemployer shall provide:(A) -- An atmosphere-supplying respirator; or(B) -- An air-purifying respirator equippedwith a filter certified by NIOSH under 30 CFRpart 11 as a high efficiency partic

Personal Protective Equipment: OSHA Standards 1910.132-137 2 should understand. Refer to the OSHA Web site given above for the complete standard and for court interpretations of the standard. Contents of OSHA Standards 1910.132-137 NOTE: Some sections of OSHA standards are labeled "Reserved." This label implies either that