Fans In Air-Handling Systems - Trane
engineers newsletter liveCourse OutlineFans in Air-Handling SystemsThis ENL broadcast will discuss the application of fans in air-handling systems, including fan laws,fan-system interaction, fan performance curves, types of fans, and proper selection, installation,and operation of various fan types (efficiency, acoustics, and footprint).By attending this event you will learn how to:1. Select the proper fan to meet ASHRAE 90.1 efficiency requirements2. Understand fan modulation in order to make proper fan selections3. Choose the right fan type for a system application4. Properly connect the fan to the system to minimize fan noise and energy useProgram Outline:1) Fan performance curvesa) How developed (lab setup, difference with AHU vs. RTU)b) What they are for (selection) and not for (predicting field performance)c) Fan lawsd) Interaction of fans in a system (system curve)2) Fan/unit selection considerationsa) Types of fans (energy – bhp or motor input kW, acoustics, footprint, maintenance, redundancy)b) Impact of system configuration on fan selectionc) System effect (example using AMCA guide)d) Acoustics topics3) Common problemsa) Fan is not delivering enough airflowb) Fan is making too much noise4) Meeting ASHRAE 90.1 requirementsa) Option 1 vs. Option 2 (fan power limitation)b) Lowering bhp/cfm Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand1
engineers newsletter livePresenter BiographiesFans in Air-Handling SystemsDave Guckelberger senior principal application engineer TraneDave has a wide range of product and system responsibilities as a Trane applications engineer. His expertiseincludes acoustic analysis and modeling of HVAC systems, electrical distribution system design, and theequipment-room design requirements established by ASHRAE Standard 15. He also provides research andinterpretation on how building, mechanical, and fire codes impact HVAC equipment and systems. In additionto traditional applications engineering support, Dave has authored a variety of technical articles on subjectsranging from acoustics to ECM motors to codes.Dave is a past president of the Wisconsin Mechanical Refrigeration Code Council and has served on severalASHRAE committees at the national level. After graduating from Michigan Tech with a BSME in thermofluids, he joined Trane as a development engineer in 1982 and moved into his current position in ApplicationsEngineering in 1987. Dave is a member of ASHRAE and an associate member of INCE.Dustin Meredith, P.E. principal application engineer TraneDustin is an application engineer with focus on airside products. His expertise includes soundpredictions, fan selection, and vibration analysis. He also leads development and implementationprojects for new and upcoming air-handling options. Dustin has authored various technicalengineering bulletins and applications engineering manuals.Dustin is a corresponding member on ASHRAE TC 2.6 – Sound & Vibration Control – and ASHRAE TC5.1 – Fans. After graduating from the University of Kentucky with BSME, BSCS and MBA degrees, hejoined Trane as a marketing engineer in 2000 and moved into his current position in Application Engineeringin 2005. Dustin is a member of ASHRAE and is the primary Trane contact for AMCA.John Murphy, LEED AP senior application engineer TraneJohn has been with Trane since 1993. His primary responsibility as an applications engineer is to aid designengineers and Trane sales personnel in the proper design and application of HVAC systems. As a LEEDAccredited Professional, he has helped our customers and local offices on a wide range of LEED projects. Hismain areas of expertise include energy efficiency, dehumidification, air-to-air energy recovery, psychrometry,ventilation, and ASHRAE Standards 15, 62.1, and 90.1.John is the author of numerous Trane application manuals and Engineers Newsletters, and is a frequentpresenter on Trane’s Engineers Newsletter Live series of broadcasts. He also is a member of ASHRAE, hasauthored several articles for the ASHRAE Journal, and is a member of ASHRAE’s “Moisture Management inBuildings” and “Mechanical Dehumidifiers” technical committees. He was a contributing author of theAdvanced Energy Design Guide for K-12 Schools and the Advanced Energy Design Guide for Small Hospitalsand Health Care Facilities, and technical reviewer for The ASHRAE Guide for Buildings in Hot and HumidClimates. Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand2
Dennis Stanke staff application engineer TraneWith a BSME from the University of Wisconsin, Dennis joined Trane in 1973, as a controls developmentengineer. He is now a Staff Applications Engineer specializing in airside systems including controls,ventilation, indoor air quality, and dehumidification. He has written numerous applications manuals andnewsletters, has published many technical articles and columns, and has appeared in many Trane EngineersNewsletter Live broadcasts.An ASHRAE Fellow, he recently served as Chairman for SSPC62.1, the ASHRAE committee responsible forStandard 62.1, “Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality,” and he serves on the USGBC LEED TechnicalAdvisory Group for Indoor Environmental Quality (the LEED EQ TAG). Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand3
Fans in Air-Handling SystemsContinuing Education Credit This program is registered with the AIA/CES andUSGBC for LEED continuing professionaleducation. Credit earned on completion of thisprogram will be reported to CES Records for AIAmembers. The U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) hasapproved the technical and instructional quality ofthis course for 1.5 GBCI CE hours towards theLEED Credential Maintenance Program.Certificates of Completion for LEED credentialingavailable on request.2 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand4
Copyrighted MaterialsThis presentation is protected by U.S. and internationalcopyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display, anduse of the presentation without written permission ofTrane is prohibited. 2010 Trane, a business of Ingersoll-Rand. All rights reserved.3 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandFans in Air-Handling SystemsToday’s Topics Fan fundamentals Performance curves Fan/unit selection considerations Fan typesImpact of system configurationSystem effectAcoustics Common problems ASHRAE 90.1 requirements4 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand5
Today’s PresentersDennis StankeStaff ApplicationsEngineer5Dave GuckelbergerApplicationsEngineer 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandToday’s PresentersJohn MurphyApplicationsEngineer6Dustin MeredithApplicationsEngineer 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand6
Fans in Air-Handling SystemsFundamentalsFan Performance CurvesAMCA 210/ASHRAE 51“Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans forAerodynamic Performance Rating”Static Pressure: that portion of the air pressure whichexists by virtue of the degree of compression only.Velocity Pressure: that portion of the air pressure whichexists by virtue of the rate of motion only.Total Pressure: the algebraic sum of the velocity pressureand the static pressure at a point.Pt Pv Ps8 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand7
714612510483624120Brake horsepower (bhp)total static pressure (in H2O)Fan airflow (cfm)9 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandANSI/ASHRAE 51(AMCA 210-07), Figure 12“Outlet Chamber Setup-Multiple Nozzlesin Chamber”Test chamber10 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand8
AHRI 430“Performance Rating of Central StationAir Handling Units”CCUnit test11 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandFan Performance Test14blocked off612restricted510less restricted4836wide open24120Brake horsepower (bhp)total static pressure (in irflow (cfm)12 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand9
Fan Laws for Incompressible Flow t 2 t1 Fan total efficiency (D-1)Whereηt total efficiencyηs static efficiencyρ densityD diameterH horsepowerN speedPs static pressPt total pressurePv velocity pressQ airflow3 D N Q2 Q1 2 2 D1 N1 22 D N Pt 2 Pt1 2 2 2 D1 N1 1 53 D N H 2 H1 2 2 2 D1 N1 1 Airflow rate (D-2) Fan total pressure (D-3) Fan power input (D-4) Fan velocity pressure (D-5) D Pv 2 Pv1 2 D1 Fan static pressure (D-6)Ps 2 Pt 2 Pv 2 Fan static efficiency (D-7) s 2 t1 132 N 2 N1 2 1 Ps 2 Pt 2 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandD-2:Q2 Q1*N2/N1 7500*1000/1200 6250 cfmD-3, D-5, D-6:Ps2 Ps1*(N2/N1) 2 3.9*(1000/1200)2 2.7 in wcFan Curves7total static pressure (in 22500airflow (cfm)14 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand10
Complete Family of Fan Curves7Fan static efficiency:Ns Q*Ps/(6356*H)total static pressure (in H2O)61500 rpm51400 rpm41300 rpm1200 rpm31100 rpm1000 rpm2900 rpm800 rpm0250050007500100007.00 bhp5.00 bhp03.00 bhp500 rpm1.50 bhp1.00 bhp600 rpm10.00 bhp700 rpm11250015000175002000022500airflow (cfm) 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand15grillesstatic pressure relative to outdoorszoneVAVterminalunitductceilingplenumair oneA supplyfanFan StaticPressure0Total StaticPressureB-Inlet VelocityPressurefilterreturnreturn-air coildamper16 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand11
Complete Family of Fan Curvessystem curve Q Ps 2 Ps1 2 Q1 DO NOT SELECT61500 rpm51400 rpm421300 rpm1200 rpm31100 rpm1000 rpm2900 rpm800 rpm0250050007500100007.00 bhp5.00 bhp01.50 bhp500 rpm3.00 bhp600 rpm10.00 bhp700 rpm11.00 bhptotal static pressure (in H2O)71250015000175002000022500airflow (cfm)17 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandSummary of Fan Basics Accurate fan performance curves are generated inthe lab according to industry standards AMCA 210 (ASHRAE 51) AHRI 430 Use fan laws to predict fan parameters System resistance curves characterize air systems interms of static pressure and airflow “Do Not Select” or “Surge” line limits the range of fanoperation at low flow conditions18 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand12
Fans in Air-Handling UnitsFan/UnitConsiderationstypes of fansCharacteristics of Centrifugal Fans Shape of fan blades(FC, BC, BI, AF) Housed versusunhoused (plenum) Belt-driven versusdirect-driven Single fan versusa multiple-fan arrayhoused centrifugal fan20 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand13
Forward Curved (FC) Fan21 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandForward Curved (FC) Fanstaticefficiency50 to 65%30%wocfmstatic w22 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand14
Backward Curved (BC) andBackward Inclined (BI) Fans23 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandBackward Inclined (BI) Fanrpmstatic pressure40%wocfmhsstaticefficiency65 to 75%typicalapplicationrange85%wocfmairflow24 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand15
Airfoil (AF) Fan25 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandAirfoil (AF) Fanstatic pressurerpm50%wocfmhsstaticefficiency80 to 85%typicalapplicationrange85%wocfmairflow26 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand16
Impact of Blade Shape on Fan Input PowerFan type andwheel diameterInput power,bhpRotational speed,rpmHoused FC, 25 in.13.0775Housed AF, 25 in.11.81320Based on a typical VAV air-handling unit configuration (OA/RA mixing box, high-efficiency filter, hot-water heating coil,chilled-water cooling coil, and draw-thru supply fan with a single discharge opening off the fan section) operatingat 13,000 cfm and a 3.8 in. H2O total static pressure drop.27 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandsummaryShape of Fan Blades FC fans are typically the lowest cost and are often themost forgiving (wide application range, less severesurge characteristics) Very popular in packaged units and light commercialequipment, where less attention is given to ductconnections and layout AF fans are typically the most efficient, but requiremore attention to avoid surge More common in larger packaged rooftops and airhandling units, where more attention is given to properduct connections and layout28 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand17
Housed Versus Unhousedhoused centrifugal fan29unhoused centrifugal(plenum) fan 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandDirect-Drive Plenum Fan30 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand18
AHU with a housed centrifugal fan(single front discharge opening)AHU with an unhoused centrifugal (plenum) fan(single front discharge opening)31 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Randexample #1Single Outlet Into Straight DuctFan type andwheel diameterInput power,bhpRotational speed,rpmHoused FC, 25 in.13.0775Housed AF, 25 in.11.81320Belt-drive plenum AF, 35.56 in.14.01050Direct-drive plenum AF, 30 in.12.81320Based on a typical VAV air-handling unit configuration (OA/RA mixing box, high-efficiency filter, hot-water heating coil,chilled-water cooling coil, and draw-thru supply fan with a single discharge opening off the fan section) operatingat 13,000 cfm and 2 in. H2O of external static pressure drop.32 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand19
example #1Single Outlet Into Straight Ductdischarge sound power (Lw), dB ref 10-12 W(per AHRI Standard 260)110100908070housed FC 25 in.housed AF 25 in.60belt-drive plenum AF 35.56 in.direct-drive plenum AF 30 in.50631252505001000200040008000octave band center frequency, Hz33 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Randexample #2Discharge Plenum with Multiple Outlets34 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand20
example #2Discharge Plenum with Multiple OutletsFan type andwheel diameterInput power,bhpRotational speed,rpmHoused AF, 25 in. discharge plenum13.21380Belt-drive plenum AF, 35.56 in.14.01050Direct-drive plenum AF, 30 in.12.8132035 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Randexample #2Discharge Plenum with Multiple Outletsdischarge sound power (Lw), dB ref 10-12 W(per AHRI Standard 260)11010090807060housed AF 25 in. (single, straight discharge)housed AF 25 in. discharge plenum (two duct connections)belt-drive plenum AF 35.56 in. (two duct connections)direct-drive plenum AF 30 in. (two duct connections)50631252505001000200040008000octave band center frequency, Hz36 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand21
Plenum Fan Can Reduce Overall Length37 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Randexample #3Final FiltersFan type andwheel diameterInput power,bhpRotational speed,rpmHoused AF, 25 in. diffuser section15.01450Belt-drive plenum AF, 35.56 in.15.41090Direct-drive plenum AF, 30 in.14.1137038 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand22
summaryHoused vs. Plenum Fans When discharging into a single, sufficiently-long, straight sectionof duct that is about the same size as the fan outlet, a housedfan will likely require less power than a plenum fan, but a plenumfan will likely have lower discharge sound levels. If a discharge plenum is added downstream of a housed fan toreduce sound levels or to allow for discharge flexibility, a directdrive plenum fan will likely require less power than a housedairfoil fan, with similar discharge sound levels. But the plenumfan will likely result in a shorter air-handling unit. With downstream sections (such as a discharge plenum, finalfilter, gas heater, or even a blow-thru cooling coil), a direct-driveplenum fan will likely require less power than either a housed orbelt-driven plenum fan.39 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Randdirect-drive plenum fanSelection Parametersdiameterspeedwidth40 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand23
Flexible-Speed SelectionSynchronous SpeedFlexible Speed Fan speed (rpm)is held constant Wheel diameter andwidth are varied Fan wheel widthis held constant Wheel diameter andspeed are varied Trane VFDs and motors canoperate to at least 90 HzFlexible-speed DDP fan selections are typically more efficientand quieter than synchronous-speed selections.41 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandexampleFlexible-Speed SelectionFan type andwheel diameterWheel width, Fan rpm% of nominalMotor speed, Input power,rpmbhpDirect-drive plenum AF, 30 in.(synchronous-speed selection)57%1780180015.4Direct-drive plenum AF, 30 in.(flexible-speed selection)100%1320120012.842 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand24
exampleFlexible-Speed Selectiondischarge sound power (Lw), dB ref 10-12 W(per AHRI Standard 260)110direct-drive plenum AF 30 in.(synchronous-speed selection)100direct-drive plenum AF 30 in.(flexible-speed ave band center frequency, Hz43 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandMultiple Fans (Fan Array)upstream (inlet) side44downstream (outlet) side 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand25
fan arrayReduced Unit Lengthtakeoff pastplane of the impellerSmaller fan wheel diameters (D) result in shortercomponent-to-inlet (A) and discharge-to-component(C) required spacingA 45 or 1D, whichever is greaterB ½D minimumC 1DD fan wheel diameterB45 DAupstreamcomponentCdownstreamcomponent45 B45 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Randfan arrayThere is a Limit to the Length Reduction Minimum service clearance for access doors, people,ladders, or a hoist For top, bottom, or side inlet or discharge connections,additional space may be needed for proper airflowdistribution If backdraft or isolation dampers are provided, theytypically add length to the fan section46 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand26
example length reductionSingle Fan Versus Fan ArrayQtyDiameter,in.UpstreamUpstreamspacing req’d, service 71214.732012.01212.0418.7511.01212.047 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Randexample length reductionSingle Fan Versus Fan ArrayDiameter,in.Downstreamspacing req’d,in.Length offan Qty48Downstreamservice clear,in.Downstreamtotal,in. 054.3 042.035.3 1853.331.4 1849.4 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand27
AHU fan section withsingle fan wheel19.8 54.3 74.1 in.AHU fan section withtwo fan wheels14.7 42.0 56.7 in.AHU fan section withthree fan wheels12.0 53.3 65.3 in.AHU fan section withfour fan wheels12.0 49.4 61.4 in.49 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandexampleProviding Redundancy with a Fan ArrayQtyrunning Diameter,in.Level ofredundancyAirflow Input power Input power Motor size(each fan), (each fan),(total),(each 500016.1316.1320 (change from 7.5 to 20 hp motors)124.570%105007.137.137.5 (no change in motor sizes)507.5 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand28
exampleProviding Redundancy with a Fan ArrayQtyrunning Diameter,in.Level ofredundancyAirflow Input power Input power Motor size(each fan), (each fan),(total),(each 500016.1316.1320 (change from 7.5 to 20 hp motors)124.570%105007.137.137.5 (no change in motor sizes)Qtyrunning Diameter,in.Level ofredundancy7.5Airflow Input power Input power Motor size(each fan), (each fan),(total),(each 007.4314.867.5 (no change in motor sizes)Qtyrunning Diameter,in.Level ofredundancyAirflow Input power Input power Motor size(each fan), (each fan),(total),(each 0%50004.7114.13551(no change in motor sizes) 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandProviding Redundancy with a Fan Array Two fans can often provide 100% redundancy andresults in the lowest total power when all fans areoperating, but may require larger fan motors to beprovided. If less than 100% is acceptable, two fans may not needto increase motor sizes. Three or four fans can typically provide 100%redundancy without significant changes in motor size.52 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand29
for more informationDirect-Drive Plenum Fans and Fan Arrays “Direct-Drive Plenum Fans forTrane Climate Changer AirHandlers,” Trane engineeringbulletin, CLCH-PRB021-EN53 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandsummarySingle Fan Versus a Fan ArraySingleDDP FanMultiple DDP Fans(Fan Array)Fewer Fans More FansAHU footprint Redundancynone Serviceability AHU cost Efficiency AHU acoustics Fan reliability 54 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand30
summarySingle Fan Versus a Fan Array Benefits of using a fan array Reduction in overall length of air-handling unit Redundancy Easier to replace fans and motors Drawbacks of using a fan array Increased air-handling unit cost Higher input power Higher sound levels When a fan array is desired, using fewer larger fans willtypically be a better overall solution than using manysmaller fans55 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Randwww.trane.com\en56 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand31
Fans in Air-Handling SystemsImpact of SystemConfiguration on FanSelectionPressure drops@ 9,000 cfm/7,500 cfmDevice LowHighSA duct 2.02.0RA duct 0.50.5MERV13 0.41.20.9Coil0.6Total3.54.6constant volume (CV)Basic System7,500 cfmRA9,000 cfmEA1,500 cfmconstantspeed fan1,500 cfmOATspaceMACSAa size 14 unit with a 16.5 FC fan might work58 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand32
14B 16.5 FCFan Application Limits7DO NOT SELECTMax static1500 rpm51400 rpmFan1300 rpmsurgeline4Max bhp1200 rpm3selectionenvelope1100 rpm1000 rpm2900 rpm800 rpm700 rpm025005000750010000Max airflow10.00 bhp3.00 bhp1.50 bhp05.00 bhp600 rpm500 rpmMinbhp7.00 bhp11.00 bhptotal static pressure (in H2O)Max rpm612500150001750020000225002000022500airflow (cfm)59 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandDirtyDO NOT SELECT1500 rpmA51400 rpm4BClean61300 rpmD1200 rpm3C1100 rpm1000 rpm2900 rpm800 rpm0250050007500100007.00 bhp5.00 bhp01.50 bhp500 rpm3.00 bhp600 rpm10.00 bhp700 rpm11.00 bhptotal static pressure (in H2O)7anddryandwet14B 16.5” FCCV System 1: Is the fan too small?125001500017500airflow (cfm)60 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand33
14B 16.5 FCCV System 2: Is the fan too big?anddryandwet6DO NOT SELECT1500 rpm5CleanDirty1400 rpm4A1300 rpm1200 rpm31100 rpm1000 rpm2CB900 rpm800 rpm0250050007500100007.00 bhp5.00 bhp01.50 bhp500 rpm3.00 bhp600 rpm10.00 bhp700 rpm11.00 bhptotal static pressure (in H2O)71250015000175002000022500airflow (cfm)61 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandMultiple-Zone VAV With Relief Fan7,500 cfmEARAspace1,500 cfmOA9,000 cfmMAsupply air tempdetermines AHUcooling capacity62TTSAvariablespeed fanspaceTEA1,500 cfm 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand34
Static Pressure Drops At 9,000 cfm supply airflow At 7,500 cfm return airflow Assume path throughzone 1 has higheststatic pressure loss63DeviceRA plenRA ductRA dampMERV13CoilSA ductVAV box 1Runout .20.92.00.40.45.8 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandE14 draw-thru; 18-inch AF; without inlet vanes40 %WOtotal static pressure (in H2O)15.050 %WO3100 RPMRPMDO3000NOTSELECT12.560 %WO2800 RPM10.0yirtD2600 RPM2400 RPM7.52200 RPMtwe70 %WOneaClA2000 RPM5.0dan1800 RPMdanydr80 %WO90 %WOB1600 RPM1400 RPM2.51200 RPM1000 RPM800 RPM00250050007500100001250015000airflow (cfm)64 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand35
E14 draw-thru; 18-inch AF; without inlet vanes40 %WOtresistance50 %WO3100 RPMRPMDO3000NOTSELECThes2800 RPM10.02600 RPM60 %WOpartload12.5higtotal static pressure (in H2O)15.02400 RPMPs Pc (Pd - Pc)*(Q/Qd) 2Ps 1.3 (5.8-1.3)*(5000/9000) 2Ps 2.770 %WO80 %WO7.52200 RPMA2000 RPM5.01800 RPM1400 RPM2.5isresestlow1200 RPM1000 RPM800 RPM00250090 %WOB1600 RPM5000cetan7500100001250015000airflow (cfm)65 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandE14 draw-thru; 18-inch AF; without inlet vanes40 %WOtresistance50 %WO3100 RPMRPMDO3000NOTSELECT12.511.5hes2800 RPM10.060 %WO2600 RPMPs Pc (Pd - Pc)*(Q/Qd) 2Ps 1.3 (5.8-1.3)*(5000/9000) 2Ps 2.770 %WOhigtotal static pressure (in H2O)15.02400 RPM7.52200 RPMA2000 RPM5.01800 RPMeslowtasist rence80 %WO5.890 %WO1600 RPM1400 RPM2.51200 RPM4.52.71000 RPM800 RPM1.300250050007500100001250015000airflow (cfm)66 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand36
E14 draw-thru; 18-inch AF; without inlet vanes40 %WOtotal static pressure (in H2O)15.050 %WO3100 RPMRPMDO3000NOTSELECT12.560 %WO2800 RPM70 %WO10.02600 RPM2400 RPM80 %WO7.52200 RPM2000 RPM5.01800 RPM90 %WO1600 RPM1400 RPM2.51200 RPM1000 RPM800 RPM00250050007500100001250015000airflow (cfm)67 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandE14 draw-thru; 18-inch AF; without inlet vanes40 %WO50 %WO3100 RPMRPMDO3000NOTSELECT12.560 %WO2800 RPM10.0partloadtotal static pressure (in H2O)15.02600 RPM70 %WO2400 RPM80 %WO7.52200 RPMA2000 RPM5.01800 RPM90 %WOB1600 RPM1400 RPM2.51200 RPM1000 RPM800 RPM00250050007500100001250015000airflow (cfm)68 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand37
E14 draw-thru; 18-inch AF; without inlet vanes40 %WOtotal static pressure (in H2O)15.050 %WO3100 RPMRPMDO3000NOTSELECT12.560 %WO2800 RPMoatLd70 %WO10.02600 RPM2400 RPM7.52200 RPM2000 RPM5.0NeAwrPa80 %WO1800 RPM90 %WOB1600 RPM1400 RPM2.51200 RPM1000 RPM800 RPM00250050007500100001250015000airflow (cfm)69 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandMorning warm-up operationE14 draw-thru; 18-inch AF; without inlet vanes40 %WOtotal static pressure (in H2O)15.050 %WO3100 RPMRPMDO3000NOTSELECT12.560 %WOsxebo%80 70 %WO2800 RPM10.0npe-o2600 RPM2400 RPM80 %WO7.52200 RPM2000 RPM5.0C1800 RPMA1600 RPMoxesen b 90 %WOe-opidW1400 RPM2.51200 RPMB1000 RPM800 RPM00250050007500100001250015000airflow (cfm)70 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand38
Multiple-Zone VAV with Return FanEARA0 cfm6,000 cfm0 cfm7,500 cfm6,000 cfm? cfm0 cfm8,000 cfm1,500 cfm? cfm8,000 cfm9,000 cfmOAMADesignEconomizerMorning warm up71spaceTSAvariablespeed fanspaceTEA1,500 cfm2,000 cfm0 cfm 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandSystem Effect Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand39
Developing a Uniform Velocity Profilefanuniformvelocityprofile73 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandCommon System Effects Elbow, branch, turning vanes, or damper located tooclose to the fan outlet Elbow, turning vanes, air straightener, or otherobstruction located too close to the fan inlet Pre-swirling the air prior to it entering the fan wheel Use of an inlet plenum or cabinet74 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand40
AMCA Publication 201, Fans and Systems Prediction of commonSystem Effect Factors75 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandexampleSystem EffectPosition CPosition DPosition Binlet76Position A 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandSource: Air Movement and Control Association. 2002. Fans and Systems, Publication 201. Arlington Heights, IL: AMCA. Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand41
exampleSystem Effectblast areadischarge ductoutlet area100% EffectiveDuct Length 2.5 duct diametersfor 2500 fpm(or less)25%50%Centrifugalfan75%100% effective duct length Add 1 duct diameterfor each additional1000 fpmSource: Air Movement and ControlAssociation. 2002. Fans and Systems,Publication 201. Arlington Heights, IL:AMCA.77 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandExampleSource: Air Movement and Control Association.2002. Fans and Systems, Publication 201.Arlington Heights, IL: AMCA.78 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand42
Source: Air Movement and Control Association.2002. Fans and Systems, Publication 201.Arlington Heights, IL: AMCA.79 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand14A Draw-thru; 18.25-inch FC; without inlet vanes25 %WO50 %WOtotal static pressure (in H2O)3.060 %WO942 RPM2.570 %WO2.25 in.6.1 bhp, 875 rpmsystem effect factor5.3 bhp, 800 rpm1.8 in.2.01.521600 RPM1.0500 RPM025005000750010000125007.50 bhp5.00 bhp9000 cfm0.03.50 bhp0.515000airflow80 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand43
Fans in Air-Handling SystemsFan AcousticsPropeller Fans Reduce propeller fan sound by Choosing the low noise fan option Attenuating the path82 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand44
Fan Sound Sound generation is influenced by 83Fan typeFlow rateTotal pressureEfficiencyFlow into and out of the fan 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandAHRI 260 Includes unit impact onfan sound Negative flow impacts Benefits of plenumsand lining Provides for “apples toapples” comparison84 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-Rand Trane, a business of Ingersoll Rand45
AHRI 260See Sound Ratingsand ARI Standard260 newsletter foradditional information85 2010 Trane a business of Ingersoll-RandSelection Program Provides a convenient way to
Fans in Air-Handling Systems This ENL broadcast will discuss the application of fans in air-handling systems, including fan laws, fan-system interaction, fan performance curves, types of fans, and proper selection, installation, and operation of various fan types (efficiency, acoustics, and footprint). By attending this event you will learn how to:
Fan installation with accessories 9 Technical description 10 Installation types 11 Axial fans AXC, AXCP, AXR 12 Axial fans AXCPV 18 Smoke extract axial fans AXC (B), AXR (B) 22 Smoke extract axial fans AXC (F), AXR (F) 24 Thermo axial fans AXCBF 26 Explosion proof axial fans AXC-EX, AXCBF-EX 30 Jet fans for Car Park Ventilation 36 Tunnel fans 37
3.2.2 Each smoke control zone shall have its own jet fansystem (fresh air fans, exhaust air s fans and jet fans) to purge smoke from the affected zone. The ducts shall be fabricated from heavy steel gauge steel of 1.2mm thick. Alternatively, sharing of the fresh air and exhaust air fans is permitted provided fansthe , wiring and control panel .
Fan Speed Control: The speed of all fans is varied by adjusting the voltage applied to the fan(s). Voltage adjustment is accomplished with a current mode, buck type control circuit. The fan voltage range is 6.6-13 VDC for 12 VDC fans, 1325 for 24 VDC fans and 26- 50 VDC - for 48 VDC fans. Fan
to kitchen exhaust ceiling fans. "Night Cooling Fans" which were essentially pedestal fans and desk-top fans of sizes from 16 to 30 gained popularity during hot and humid summer nights in Chicago and suburbs. Home fans were put in mass production batch orders and sold through Westinghouse distribution network.
Why Picnik is a fan of fans Launched in 2007 14 mm Uniques/Month 40 mm Visits/Month 1 mm Daily/Visits Picnik would not have this growth without our fans. Press, Word of Mouth, bloggers LESS IS MORE - We did not spend money on advertising, or build a vast marketing team yet exciting growth. How did this happen? Fans, Fans, Fans
Precision Air 2355 air cart with Precision Disk 500 drill. Precision Air 2355 air cart with row crop tires attached to Nutri-Tiller 955. Precision Air 3555 air cart. Precision Air 4765 air cart. Precision Air 4585 air cart. Precision Air 4955 cart. THE LINEUP OF PRECISION AIR 5 SERIES AIR CARTS INCLUDES: Seven models with tank sizes ranging from
Supply and Exhaust Fans Greenheck's high performance fans are ideal for air ventilation in commercial, industrial or institutional buildings. Design and construction are well suited for indoor or outdoor applications and can be easily installed in ducted or non-ducted systems. Fans are designed to reduce operating costs with improved efficiency.
American Chiropractic Board of Radiology Heather Miley, MS, DC, DACBR Examination Coordinator PO Box 8502 Madison WI 53708-8502 Phone: (920) 946-6909 E-mail: exam-coordinator@acbr.org CURRENT ACBR BOARD MEMBERS Tawnia Adams, DC, DACBR President E-mail: president@acbr.org Christopher Smoley, DC, DACBR Secretary E-mail: secretary@acbr.org Alisha Russ, DC, DACBR Member-at-Large E-mail: aruss@acbr .
