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StruxureWare Power Monitoring Expert Data Center Edition Design Guide 10/2013
Schneider Electric StruxureWare Power Monitoring Expert Data Center Edition Design Guide Safety information Important information Read these instructions carefully and look at the equipment to become familiar with the device before trying to install, operate, service or maintain it. The following special messages may appear throughout this manual or on the equipment to warn of potential hazards or to call attention to information that clarifies or simplifies a procedure. The addition of either symbol to a “Danger” or “Warning” safety label indicates that an electrical hazard exists which will result in personal injury if the instructions are not followed. This is the safety alert symbol. It is used to alert you to potential personal injury hazards. Obey all safety messages that follow this symbol to avoid possible injury or death. DANGER DANGER indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury. WARNING WARNING indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, can result in death or serious injury. CAUTION CAUTION indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, can result in minor or moderate injury. NOTICE NOTICE is used to address practices not related to physical injury. The safety alert symbol shall not be used with this signal word. Please note Electrical equipment should be installed, operated, serviced and maintained only by qualified personnel. No responsibility is assumed by Schneider Electric for any consequences arising out of the use of this material. A qualified person is one who has skills and knowledge related to the construction, installation, and operation of electrical equipment and has received safety training to recognize and avoid the hazards involved. A qualified person is one who has skills and knowledge related to the construction, installation, and operation of electrical equipment and has received safety training to recognize and avoid the hazards involved. Page 2 For Internal Use Only 2013 Schneider Electric. All rights reserved.
StruxureWare Power Monitoring Expert Data Center Edition Design Guide Schneider Electric Notices ION, StruxureWare, Modbus, Modicon, Power Measurement, PowerLogic, Power Monitoring Expert, Schneider Electric, and System Manager are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Schneider Electric in France, the USA and other countries. All other trademarks are property of their respective owners. This product must be installed, connected and used in compliance with prevailing standards and/or installation regulations. As standards, specifications and designs change from time to time, always ask for confirmation of the information given in this publication. Schneider Electric 35 rue Joseph Monier 92500 Rueil-Malmaison, France www.schneider-electric.com 2013 Schneider Electric. All rights reserved. For Internal Use Only Page 3
Schneider Electric StruxureWare Power Monitoring Expert Data Center Edition Design Guide Table of Contents Safety information . 2 Important information . 2 Please note. 2 Notices . 3 Table of Contents .4 Introduction .7 PME-DC Edition Description . 8 What is PME-DC Edition? . 8 Why use PME-DC Edition? . 8 Configured To Order (Standard Offer) . 9 Configured to Order Architecture . 10 Engineered To Order (PME-DC Edition PSE) . 10 Engineered to Order Architecture . 11 When to use Engineered to Order . 12 Power Monitoring Architecture . 14 Reference Architecture Overview . 14 Power Equipment Description . 15 ANSI Considerations . 16 Recommended Metering By Module . 18 Power Monitoring and Control (Base Module) . 19 Power Loading and Balancing . 35 Equipment Maintenance . 41 Energy Billing Support . 45 Power Distribution Efficiency . 49 System Communication Design . 57 Real Time Data and Alarming Performance . 57 Real Time Data – PME Only. 57 Real Time Data – PME PSE . 57 Alarming – PME Only . 58 Alarming – PME PSE . 58 Alarm Notification . 58 Daisy Chain Calculator for PME . 59 IT Infrastructure .60 Page 4 For Internal Use Only 2013 Schneider Electric. All rights reserved.
StruxureWare Power Monitoring Expert Data Center Edition Design Guide Schneider Electric Server Redundancy. 60 Design Considerations – Avance. 61 Design Considerations – everRun MX . 61 Supported Operating Systems and SQL Server Versions . 61 PME Server . 61 PME Engineering Client . 62 Server Specification . 62 Systems with up to 50 Devices (PME only) . 62 Systems with up to 200 Devices (PME only) . 63 Systems with up to 1000 Devices (PME only) . 64 Systems with Over 1000 Devices (PME PSE) . 64 PME Engineering Client . 66 Hard Drive Sizing . 66 Server Virtualization . 68 Virtual Machine Recommendations . 68 Network Switches . 68 Main Server Switch . 68 Switchboard Network Switches . 68 Commissioning Time Estimates . 71 Appendix A: Description of Test System . 72 Multi Circuit Monitoring Configuration . 72 PME System. 73 PSE System . 75 Kepware SNMP to OPC Software. 76 Event Notification Module . 76 ETL Export to Third Party Billing . 76 ETL Export to DCO . 76 PSE PME Integration . 77 System Tuning . 78 Appendix B – Explanation of Recommended Meter Types . 79 Utility MV Switchgear and MV Transformer . 79 Generator Switchboards . 82 Main LV Switchboards . 83 IT UPS Input Switchboards. 87 IT UPS . 87 IT UPS Output Switchboards . 88 2013 Schneider Electric. All rights reserved. For Internal Use Only Page 5
Schneider Electric StruxureWare Power Monitoring Expert Data Center Edition Design Guide Power Distribution Units (PDUs). 91 Mechanical UPS Switchboard (Input and Output) . 92 Mechanical UPS . 93 Mechanical LV Switchboard . 93 Auxiliary Switchboard . 94 Appendix C: How to calculate PUE . 95 Power Usage Effectiveness Calculations. 95 Total Data Center Load . 95 IT Load . 96 Factored PUE Calculations . 96 Appendix D: Resources for Data Center Redundancy information . 97 Appendix E: Sample IT Power Distribution Architectures . 98 Room PDU Distribution . 98 In-Row PDU Distribution . 99 PDU and RPP Distribution . 100 IT Panelboard Distribution . 101 IT Busway Distribution. 102 Appendix F: List of Device Diagrams optimized for PME-DC Edition . 103 References .113 Terms and Definitions . 114 Page 6 For Internal Use Only 2013 Schneider Electric. All rights reserved.
StruxureWare Power Monitoring Expert Data Center Edition Design Guide Schneider Electric Introduction This design guide is intended to be used when designing and/or quoting StruxureWare Power Monitoring Expert Data Center Edition (PME-DC Edition). This is an internal document and is not intended to be shown outside of Schneider Electric. It is assumed that the reader understands how to quote a generic Power Monitoring Control System (PMCS). This guide will not recommend protective devices for the purposes of protection. The focus will be on the metering provided by these protection devices. The protection system should be designed by a qualified engineer independent of this guide. The Design Guide covers: PME-DC Edition Description – Why use PME-DC Edition and what is it? The software components included in both the Configured to Order and Engineered to Order options as well as when to add the Engineered to Order option. Power Monitoring Architecture – How to select the correct Metering for a Data Center power system so that the base module and each optional module have the correct measurements/inputs available. System Communication Design – Design considerations for real-time data and alarming performance. IT Infrastructure – Server Architecture based on the number of metering and protection devices. Supported OS and SQL versions. Recommendations for server redundancy, RAID, and Hard-drive sizing. Commissioning Time Estimates – Time estimates for commissioning tasks. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS: Larger Version of Reference Architecture One-Line Commercial Policy PME-DC Edition Installation and Commissioning Guide PME-DC Edition User Guide Design Guide for PME 7.2 PowerSCADA Expert Design Reference Guide for PSE 7.30 Alarm Point Spreadsheet PME 7.2 PDM Mappings PowerSCADA Expert 7.30 Test System Device Profiles 2013 Schneider Electric. All rights reserved. For Internal Use Only Page 7
Schneider Electric StruxureWare Power Monitoring Expert Data Center Edition Design Guide PME-DC Edition Description What is PME-DC Edition? PME-DC is a power monitoring system that is designed specifically for the Data Center market. StruxureWare Power Monitoring Expert Data Center Edition enables facility operations to identify and respond to critical power system events, track utility and facility power quality, manage UPS and generator system capacity, measure Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE), quantify the cost of power system losses, analyze and document the results of generator system testing, and monitor/alarm down to the branch circuit level. PME-DC Edition has two options: Configured to Order and Engineered to Order. We deliver the same value to the customer in both, through a base module (Power Monitoring & Control) and four optional modules: Why use PME-DC Edition? PME-DC Edition has been designed for what Data Center customers want; it helps Schneider Electric Country Organizations save time, be more competitive, and make more money than with basic Power Monitoring Expert. It is the Data Center Edition of Power Monitoring Expert 7.2 which can also be used with PowerSCADA Expert 7.30. Page 8 For Internal Use Only 2013 Schneider Electric. All rights reserved.
StruxureWare Power Monitoring Expert Data Center Edition Design Guide Schneider Electric We have included specific data center real-time screen templates and graphics, specific Data Center reports, the ability to export data to Schneider Electric’s StruxureWare Data Center Operations, and Third Party Billing Systems such as EnergyCAP. Configured To Order (Standard Offer) The software components available in the configured to order option are shown below: Within the base offer there are two options available with their own part numbers: The Event Notification module (ENM) and the SNMP to OPC Gateway software from Kepware. The ENM part number includes a license for PME 7.2 OPC Server. The 4 optional modules: Power Loading and Balancing, Equipment Maintenance, Energy Billing Support and Power Distribution Efficiency can be purchased as needed. All part numbers for the offer can be found in the commercial policy document on shopping kiosk. The contents of the base module and each optional module (Reports, diagrams, etc) along with guidelines for how to design a system for each will be discussed in the Power Monitoring Architecture section. 2013 Schneider Electric. All rights reserved. For Internal Use Only Page 9
Schneider Electric StruxureWare Power Monitoring Expert Data Center Edition Design Guide Configured to Order Architecture Engineered To Order (PME-DC Edition PSE) Engineered to Order is the advanced offer that adds PowerSCADA Expert 7.30 (PSE) to the Configured to Order option. We assume the country deploying PME-DC Edition PSE has had PowerSCADA Expert 7.30 training in addition to the CitectSCADA/Vijeo Citect Configuration Course that is offered by Schneider Electric. The combined systems should appear as one to the end user with PSE 7.30 used as the main user interface. PSE 7.30 is used for real-time data and alarming, PME-DC is used for reporting. The criteria for when the customer should be adding PSE 7.30 can be found in the “When to use Engineered to Order” section below. A few notes about the integration of PSE and PME-DC Edition: Page 10 For Internal Use Only 2013 Schneider Electric. All rights reserved.
StruxureWare Power Monitoring Expert Data Center Edition Design Guide Schneider Electric Use an EGX for serial daisy chains. Do not use ION meters as a gateway. PME PSE systems where there are tight real-time performance specifications will have to be designed carefully. Design criteria will be discussed in the System Communication Design section to help understand the impact of multi-masters on serial daisy chains. Devices are added to both the PME 7.2 and PSE 7.30 systems. The base module and any optional modules must also be configured in PME so that the web reports from PME can be integrated into the PSE graphics screens. Device diagrams from PME can be integrated if access to the historical data logs is required, registers in the PME device diagrams are not included in the PSE device profiles, or for troubleshooting purposes. The installation and commissioning guide describes how to integrate the reports and diagrams. The Vista diagram templates used to build One-Line, Equipment, KPI, etc. screens in the Configured to Order option are not used in the Engineered to Order option. Screen development is done in PSE in this case. Template screens for PSE are not included in this release but the graphics library in PME can be used when building out PSE graphics screens. Trend tags in PSE Device Profiles could be removed completely with PME acting as the historical data collector, however the customer would no longer be able to view trend data in PSE. The performance improvement from this was not measured but test systems were set up with most trend tags removed from device profiles. If ENM is ordered in the base module and it is a combined PME PSE system, ENM should be configured with the OPC AE Server available in PSE 7.30 SR1. Not the OPC DA Server or database in PME. Engineered to Order Architecture 2013 Schneider Electric. All rights reserved. For Internal Use Only Page 11
Schneider Electric StruxureWare Power Monitoring Expert Data Center Edition Design Guide When to use Engineered to Order More than 1100 devices: An 1105 device architecture has been designed, tested and documented in the SE Victoria TVD Lab. Response time (screen refresh rate and alarm notification) averaged at 4 seconds. Therefore for systems below 1000 devices, StruxureWare Power Monitoring Expert (PME) can be used. Response Time less than or equal to 3 seconds?: As mentioned above, we recommended design results in a response time average (screen refresh rate and alarm notification) of 4 seconds. For specifications above 3 seconds (or no specification), use PME. For 3 seconds or less, use StruxureWare PowerSCADA Expert (PSE). Branch Circuit Alarming 30s or less?: The PME OPC DA server does not scale to handle branch circuit alarms, therefore ENM has to query the PME event log tables via a standard data base connection (it would normally use OPC DA). The performance is variable and generally slow (at least 30s). If the customer wants branch circuit alarms faster than 30 seconds then add StruxureWare PowerSCADA Expert (PSE). Animated Bus?: For customers that want an animated BUS in their one line diagrams, use PSE. If an animated BUS is not important, or if they do not want to pay extra for it (most don’t), use PME. Show more than OPEN/CLOSE breaker states?: PME can show OPEN/CLOSE breaker states. For customers that want more, i.e. RACKED OUT/RACKED IN, TEST POSITION, CLOSED BUT DE-ENERGIZED use PSE. The reason for this is because PME Status Objects in Vista only support three states: UNCONNECTED, ON or OFF. We map the breaker OPEN/CLOSE to ON/OFF states but there is no easy way to map the other states. Note this is only for STATES, both PSE & PME can show detailed breaker information (amps/volts/kW/etc). Page 12 For Internal Use Only 2013 Schneider Electric. All rights reserved.
StruxureWare Power Monitoring Expert Data Center Edition Design Guide Schneider Electric Breaker control by software?: PME can be used to configure breaker protective devices and enter PLC set points. However if the customer wants to control breakers via software (Note: this is a highly unusual case in the DC market), then use PSE. Data Center Reports?/Dashboard?/PQ?: If you need to use PSE and the customer wants more than the four (4) very simple PSE reports (e.g., all the standard PME reports plus the Data Center specific reports: Power Losses, Generator Test, UPS Power, PUE, Generator Power, Branch Circuit Power, Branch Circuit Energy) OR if the customer wants a Dashboard (PSE does not have a dashboard) OR if the customer wants to do more in-depth PQ analysis, then you have to add PME to the PSE package. 2013 Schneider Electric. All rights reserved. For Internal Use Only Page 13
Schneider Electric StruxureWare Power Monitoring Expert Data Center Edition Design Guide Power Monitoring Architecture This section of the design guide is intended to help select the proper metering required for the base module and all optional modules. A reference architecture will be used that contains an example of all the power equipment (Generators, MV Switchgear, LV Switchboard, IT PDU etc.) that should have an equivalent in your customer’s data center architecture. This should provide a reference point from which adaptations can be made, regardless of the size of the data center. Reference Architecture Overview Reference Architecture 34 is used to illustrate the recommended metering required for the base module and four optional modules in PME-DC Edition. A larger image of the one-line diagram is available on shopping kiosk. Appendix B also contains a closer look at each piece of equipment. Page 14 For Internal Use Only 2013 Schneider Electric. All rights reserved.
StruxureWare Power Monitoring Expert Data Center Edition Design Guide Schneider Electric Power Equipment Description The basic functionality of each piece of power equipment is described below: Utility MV Switchgear and MV Transformer The Utility MV Switchgear (A and B sides) is the top level power distribution component for this reference design. MV Switchgear lineup has two incomers (incoming utility feeds). This is to accommodate feeds from multiple Utilities. Although this is a possible scenario it is not necessarily common to all data centers worldwide. Regardless of the feed topology, the primary purpose of this set of switchgear is to provide power to the MV Transformer. The MV Transformer converts the 20kV primary voltage to 410V/240V, which is the low voltage distribution level for this IEC based design. Generator and Generator Switchboards Backup generators are essential to ensuring availability of power to the IT loads of a data center. In the case of a catastrophe the backup generators must be ready to pick up the load. As such, they must have a reliable monitoring and control system to ensure safe and reliable operation. The control of the generators is managed by the generator controller, and the metering and protection is usually accomplished with an ION7650 and Micrologic trip unit. Main LV Switchboards Once the voltage has been transformed to the low levels ( 600V) it can be distributed throughout the facility. The Main Switchboards are the beginning of the electrical distribution system and provide power to the IT loads, Mechanical loads, and auxiliary loads. The size of the switchboards depends on the size of the facility and redundancy design. IT UPS Input Switchboards The IT UPS input switchboard is required for distributing the UPS supply into the 3 different feeds: Main UPS, Static Bypass Switch and manual bypass. It is important to note that the switchboard does not contain any fault interruption means, such as circuit breakers. It only uses disconnect switches so there is no opportunity for monitoring the electrical circuits from a trip unit. IT UPS The IT UPS is used to protect IT loads from momentary power disruptions (carry the load until the generators can come on). They also condition the power being delivered to the IT load. IT UPS Output Switchboards Once the power has been transformed and conditioned by the UPS, or the UPS has been bypassed, it is fed to the IT UPS Output Switchboard. The purpose of this switchboard is to distribute the UPS power to each of the IT loads. In this architecture there are four possible sources of power, none of which are designed to feed the switchboard at the same time. The first is the main output of the UPS, the second is the static bypass of the UPS which is used if the UPS modules fail or a bypass command is issued to the UPS. The third input is the manual 2013 Schneider Electric. All rights reserved. For Internal Use Only Page 15
Schneider Electric StruxureWare Power Monitoring Expert Data Center Edition Design Guide bypass which is used to completely bypass the UPS unit when it needs maintenance. Both the static and manual bypass feeds connect to the supply transformer. This transformer is used for grounding purposes and helps reduce the propagation of neutral currents higher in the electrical distribution system. Finally, there is the secondary supply from network B in case maintenance has to be done higher in the electrical architecture. The switchboard has eight 3 phase-4 wire PDUs, hence eight feeder circuit breakers. Typically, the number of circuits will vary depending on the size of the input feed and the size of the PDUs in the system. Power Distribution Units (PDUs) A Power Distribution Unit (PDU) is a specialized low voltage panelboard for distributing electrical power to IT racks. A PDU is specifically built for data center environments in terms of power capacity, features, and form factor. Mechanical UPS Switchboard (Input and Output) Mechanical UPS The main purpose of having a mechanical UPS is to ensure the critical cooling loads such as Computer Room Air Conditioners (CRACs) and Computer Room Air Handlers (CRAHs) stay powered during system events. These units provide precise temperature and humidity control for mission critical environments and so any disturbance to their supply power could negatively affect the operation of the facility. Our example reference design calls for using in-row cooling units that are fed from the PDUs, so only the pumps that pressurize the cooling lines to the in-row units are fed from the mechanical UPS. Mechanical Switchboard The mechanical switchboard is used to distribute power to the various mechanical loads throughout the facility. This includes chillers, Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) units, compressor, Computer Room Air Conditioners (CRACs) and Computer Room Air Handlers (CRAHs). Auxiliary Switchboard The auxiliary switchboard is used to power miscellaneous loads throughout the facility such as generator control panels, building lights, and any other loads that typically are not mission critical. ANSI Considerations For illustration purposes we have used an example of an IEC architecture. The ANSI version of this example architecture is not dramatically different. However, there are two key differences worth noting that you can see in the figure below: Page 16 In ANSI, a unit substation accomplishes the same task as the MV Switchgear, MV Transformer, and LV Switchboard from the IEC architecture The presence of circuit breakers in ANSI where disconnect switches are used in IEC For Internal Use Only 2013 Schneider Electric. All rights reserved.
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Schneider Electric StruxureWare Power Monitoring Expert Data Center Edition Design Guide Page 2 For Internal Use Only 2013 Schneider Electric. All rights reserved .
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