Fixed-mobile%Convergence:%% Architecture%and%FuncTonality% Summary%and .
Fixed–mobile Convergence: Architecture and FuncTonality Summary and Conclusion Dirk Breuer Tibor Cinkler Stéphane Gosselin Annie Gravey Ali Hamidian Stefan Höst Tahar Mamouni Péter Olaszi Stephan Pachnicke Björn Skubic Jose Torrijos Gijón Deutsche Telekom Laboratories, Germany Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary Orange R&D, France Telecom Bretagne, France Ericsson Research, Sweden Lund University, Sweden Orange R&D, France AITIA InternaTonal, Inc., Hungary ADVA OpTcal Networking SE, Germany Ericsson Research, Sweden Telefónica InvesTgación y Desarrollo, Spain This ongoing work receives funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007- ‐2013) under grant agreement n 317762 “COMBO project” IEEE HPSR Conference Budapest, 2015 July 1- ‐4 FMC Tutorial Summary and conclusion 1
Huge variation in terminal equipment and technologies Today’s segmented networks Fixed and wireless have separated control, operation and management Simple sharing of aggregation infrastructure – no common technology base Different IP edge solutions per technology Potential for network optimization through – Converged network control and operation functional convergence Converged transport for mobile and fixed network structural convergence IEEE HPSR Conference Budapest, 2015 July 1- ‐4 FMC Tutorial Summary and conclusion 2
Universal Data Path Manager MulT- ‐technology seamless access The controls user traffic flow over all available data paths Single user Fixed Access Node Fixed Access Network RGW Fixed IP Edge AggregaLon Network WiFi Access Point Services IP Backbone Mobile IP Edge Radio Access Network eNB MulLple Subscriber’s idenLLes Beyond user controlled “Wi- ‐Fi offload” : IEEE HPSR Conference Budapest, 2015 July 1- ‐4 FMC Tutorial Summary and conclusion MulLple Data paths To/from service Network controlled offload Load balancing on mulLple paths Smooth handover (horizontal/verLcal) Take advantage of content replicaLon 3
uAUT: Universal Subscriber and User AuthenTcaTon uAUT server binds mulLple traffic flows to a given user, over all available accesses uAUT server Part of the control plane, interfaces with the management plane Allows authenLcaLon mechanisms based on Web technologies AuthenLcate once and have access to mulLple networks and/or services. IEEE HPSR Conference Budapest, 2015 July 1- ‐4 FMC Tutorial Summary and conclusion Single funcLonal block complements and improves the UDC concept. consideraLon of data model new Frontend applicaLons database access opLmizaLon extended to OTT services 4
The Universal Access Gateway AAA Services uAUT uAUT Fixed AN UAG CONTROL PLANE uDPM uAUT Subscriber Equipment (CPE or UE) UAG DATA PLANE Wi-Fi AN uDPM uDPM UAG Mobile AN UAG interfaces Control interfaces Network interfaces Subscriber interfaces Application Services UAG AN AAA CPE UE uAUT uDPM Universal Access Gateway Access Node Authentication Authorization Accouting Customer Premises Equipment User Equipment Universal Authentication Universal Data Path Management Implements Universal Path Management and Universal AuthenLcaLon IEEE HPSR Conference Budapest, 2015 July 1- ‐4 FMC Tutorial Summary and conclusion Can be realised as Standalone equipment vs. split data/control plane (SDN) Can be distributed or centralised 5
Structural convergence 4G Mobile Pooling/sharing of network infrastructure allows true integraLon of fixed and mobile networks “5G” (LTE/LTE-Advanced) 2G/3G Macro Mobile Core Components Pico 4G Converged Broadband Fixed and Mobile Access/Aggregation Network Wi-Fi λ1 λN BBU-H OLT BBU-H λ1 λN OLT MME IPTV Web Service Control Layer IMS/TISPAN S-GW P-GW 2G/3G MSC SGSN GGSN IP/MPLS Backbone Edge Router Fixed Core Components BB-RAR LER Network Control Layer OSS, Synchronization, Platform Control Structural convergence triggered by: Heterogeneous radio access networks Mobile fronthaul and Cloud RAN IEEE HPSR Conference Budapest, 2015 July 1- ‐4 FMC Tutorial Summary and conclusion 6
Where is the opTmal BBU hotel locaTon? Cumulated antenna site number (%) 150 µs RTT limit as rule of thumb from RAN vendors Core CO IP Mobile Backbone node Main CO 400 µs RTT limit Link length between antenna site and nearest CO (km) RAN delay requirement limits BBU placement: 400 µs ( 40 km) is expected IEEE HPSR Conference Budapest, 2015 July 1- ‐4 FMC Tutorial Summary and conclusion 7
Backhaul architecture scenario: Controller at the Main Central Office MBS: Macro Base StaLon SC: Small Cell ODF: OpLcal DistribuLon Frame (pure passive) CO: Central Office BNG: Broadband Network Gateway Can be combined with decentralisaLon of mobile core funcLonaliLes IEEE HPSR Conference Budapest, 2015 July 1- ‐4 FMC Tutorial Summary and conclusion Aims at an ideal backhaul with very low latency 8
Fronthaul architecture scenario: BBU hotel & controller at the Main CO CPRI: Common Public Radio Interface MBS: Macro Base StaLon ; SC: Small Cell ODF: OpLcal DistribuLon Frame (pure passive) CO: Central Office BNG: Broadband Network Gateway Very low latency 400 µs (RTT) and high CPRI data rate allow inherent Coordinated MulLpoint scheme support IEEE HPSR Conference Budapest, 2015 July 1- ‐4 FMC Tutorial Summary and conclusion 9
Concluding remarks for structural convergence Two main approaches can be considered for structural convergence Access pushed into aggregaLon, based e.g. on NG- ‐PON2 including WDM, or AggregaLon pushed into access, based e.g. on programmable DWDM technologies Network FMC is fundamental for future 5G infrastructure To achieve end- ‐to- ‐end management and orchestraLon capabiliLes IEEE HPSR Conference Budapest, 2015 July 1- ‐4 FMC Tutorial Summary and conclusion 10
Annie Gravey Péter Olaszi Björn Skubic Presented by annie.gravey@telecom- ‐bretagne.eu peter.olaszi@aiTa.ai bjorn.skubic@ericsson.com Dirk Breuer Tibor Cinkler Stéphane Gosselin Annie Gravey Ali Hamidian Stefan Höst Tahar Mamouni Péter Olaszi Stephan Pachnicke Björn Skubic Jose Torrijos Gijón Deutsche Telekom Laboratories, Germany Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary Orange R&D, France Telecom Bretagne, France Ericsson Research, Sweden Lund University, Sweden Orange R&D, France AITIA InternaTonal, Inc., Hungary ADVA OpTcal Networking SE, Germany Ericsson Research, Sweden Telefónica InvesTgación y Desarrollo, Spain This ongoing work receives funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007- ‐2013) under grant agreement n 317762 “COMBO project” IEEE HPSR Conference Budapest, 2015 July 1- ‐4 FMC Tutorial Summary and conclusion 11
IEEE#HPSRConference# #Budapest,#2015#July#1?4# #FMC#Tutorial# #Summary#and#conclusion # 2 Today'ssegmented%networks Potential for network optimization through - Converged network control and operation functional convergence Converged transport for mobile and fixed network structural convergence Huge variation in
mobile bundling, has often resulted in giving away substantial discounts, thereby triggering or fueling temporary price wars or market decline; hence the worry of many operators about entering a perceived value-destructive fixed-mobile convergence game. Figure 2: Fixed-mobile convergence value creation drivers Value drivers for operators
Of the three closely associated convergences—technological convergence, media convergence, and network convergence—consumers most often directly engage with technological convergence. Technological convergent devices share three key characteristics. First, converged devices can execute multiple functions to serve blended purpose.
In Unconditional Convergence (2011), Dani Rodrik documented that manufacturing industries exhibit unconditional convergence in labor productivity. We provide a novel semi-parametric specification for convergence equations and show that the pace of convergence varies systematically with country-specific characteristics.
Some Applications of the Bounded Convergence Theorem for an Introductory Course in Analysis JONATHAN W. LEWIN Kennesaw College, Marietta, GA 30061 The Arzela bounded convergence theorem is the special case of the Lebesgue dominated convergence theorem in which the functions are assumed to be Riemann integrable. THE BOUNDED CONVERGENCE THEOREM.
What is Computer Architecture? “Computer Architecture is the science and art of selecting and interconnecting hardware components to create computers that meet functional, performance and cost goals.” - WWW Computer Architecture Page An analogy to architecture of File Size: 1MBPage Count: 12Explore further(PDF) Lecture Notes on Computer Architecturewww.researchgate.netComputer Architecture - an overview ScienceDirect Topicswww.sciencedirect.comWhat is Computer Architecture? - Definition from Techopediawww.techopedia.com1. An Introduction to Computer Architecture - Designing .www.oreilly.comWhat is Computer Architecture? - University of Washingtoncourses.cs.washington.eduRecommended to you b
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for problem solving in complex systems . single-domain methods. Further defining S&T convergence “Convergence of Knowledge, Technology and Society”, 2013 et al (Refs 6- 10) Convergence approach includes: -Deep integration of knowledge, tools and modes of thinking driven by unifying concepts & a common goal-To form a new framework, paradigm or ecosystem-From where emerge novel pathways .
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