LT Renko Bars User Manual 1-3 - Lizardindicators
LizardTrader Renko Bars User Manual
2 Table of Contents 1. Introduction to Renko Bars 3 2. The LizardRenko Bars 9 3. Quick Start Guide 12 4. Working with LizardRenko Bars 16 5. Applying Indicators to the Lizard Renko Bars 21 6. The Renko Tools 25 7. Accessing the Renko Bars via NinjaScript 30 8. Backtesting and Automated Trading 32 The manual refers to version 1.3 of the LT Renko Bars for NinjaTrader 8.
3 1. Introduction to Renko Charts A renko chart is a type of chart of Japanese origin which is built using only price movement. Presumably, renko charts are named after the Japanese word for bricks, “renga” as the chart looks like a series of bricks. The original renko chart uses the same brick size for all chart bars. A new brick is added above or below the last brick, as soon as price has moved a specific amount called the bricksize. For an upward move the bar close for the next renko bar is found by adding the brick size to the high of the prior bar. For a downward move the next bar close is found by subtracting the brick size from the low of the prior bar. Pursuant to this assembly, Renko bars are designed to emphasize trends and filter out sideways markets. Renko charts look smoother and make it easy to identify trends. Furthermore renko bars eliminate both time and volatility.
4 A trend continuation bar closes after price has moved in the direction of the prior trend by an amount equal to the brick size. Conversely, completion of a reversal bar requires a move of twice the brick size in the opposite direction. Although both trend continuation and reversal bars are represented by a single brick, a reversal bar effectively has twice the size of a trend continuation bar. Unwanted properties of renko charts Renko charts also have a few unwanted properties that need to be taken into account: - renko charts fill gaps with fake bars that have zero volume - a renko bar close may plot at a price level at which the charted instrument never traded - renko charts do not show real highs and lows as a new brick is only added when the price move has reached the required brick size - all reversal bars on a renko chart have fake open prices, as the current open is drawn near the open and not near the close of the prior bar
5 - all indicators that use the bar opens, bar highs or bar lows as an input series should not be applied to renko bars - strategies running on renko bars cannot be backtested, as market orders will use fake open prices to simulate fills - most renko bars have false time stamps or time stamps that do not match the closing price of the renko bar - renko bars cannot be used in multi-bar series scripts or with tick replay In conclusion, renko bars – although they emphasize trends and eliminate sideways price action – are difficult to handle. Principles for building price bars suited for system trading Our main goal for introducing the new renko bar was to get rid of all the unwanted properties. At the same time we wanted to follow the standard principles for building simple and effective price bars from a set of consecutive transactions: The opening price is the price of the first transaction of the set. The high of the bar is the highest price of all transactions of the set. The low of the bar is the lowest price of all transactions of the set. The closing price is the price of the last transaction of the set. The time stamp of the bar is the time stamp of the last transaction of the set. The volume is the total added volume of all transactions of the set. When these six principles are followed - indicators may be applied to the chart bars - backtests will return meaningful results - the chart bars may be synchronized with other suited bar types in multi-bar series scripts - the bars may be used with tick replay Most of the renko bars available for NinjaTrader do not follow these principles, because they focus on the visual design of the renko bars rather than making them suitable for system trading. The result are fake bars with false prices or zero volume. One solution to this problem is to create renko bars that are built from genuine prices and then dress these bars with appropriate chart styles to make them look as standard renko bars.
6 Introducing chart styles When building a renko bar based on the six principles, they do not look as visually appealing as traditional renko bars. There are gaps and the reversal bars have larger bodies than trend continuation bars. Such a renko chart can be aweful to look at and is barely recognizable as a renko chart. Below is an example of a renko chart based on genuine data. Fixing the aweful looking chart introduces the topic of chart styles. They can be used to implement design features of renko bars without using fake prices. Chart styles do not change the underlying data and have no impact on indicator calculations, backtests or other bar properties. Chart styles typically recalculate bar open, bar high and bar low, but they do not touch the bar close. When applying a chart style, the genuine open may be replaced with an esthetically pleasing fake open and we may choose to keep or remove the wicks. As a result, the renko bars will again look as traditional renko bars, but eliminating most of the unwanted properties.
7 This is the same chart as shown above, but with a chart style applied. The chart style has the genuine open replaced with a fake open and the upper and lower wicks have been removed. Selecting the ratio between trend and reversal offset Classic renko bars have a fixed ratio of 1:2 between the size of the trend offset and the reversal offset. A trend continuation bar closes after price has moved in the direction of the prior trend by an amount equal to the brick size. Conversely, completion of a reversal bar requires a move of twice the brick size in the opposite direction. As the ratio for classical renko bars is always 1:2 only a single parameter – the bricksize – is needed to create the renko bars. In the event that a different ratio than 1:2 is used for the renko bars, two parameters are needed instead of one - number of ticks required to complete a new continuation bar (tick trend)
8 - number of ticks required to complete a new reversal bar (tick reversal) A renko bar labelled T2R5 sets the ratio between the size of continuation and reversal bars to 2:5. Because the ratio is higher than 1:2, the chart will have a higher proportion of trending bars than the classic renko chart. Increasing the ratio to 1:3 or 1:4 will further increase the proportion of trending vs. reversal bars displayed on the chart. The picture below shows the structure of renko bars with a 1:3 ratio. Some renko bars even use a third parameter for selecting an open offset. However, such open offsets will produce fake opens and false backtests. Certain renko bars use the brick size as a parameter instead of a trend or reversal offset. Although this is feasible, it should be avoided because the mechanics of renko bars are based on trend and reversal offsets.
9 2. The LizardRenko Bars The LizardRenko bars were designed for systems trading. Accordingly, the rules outlined above were adhered to when designing them: The opening price is the price of the first transaction of the set. The high of the bar is the highest price of all transactions of the set. The low of the bar is the lowest price of all transactions of the set. The closing price is the price of the last transaction of the set. The time stamp of the bar is the time stamp of the last transaction of the set. The volume is the total added volume of all transactions of the set. These rules partly contradict the traditional renko bars concept, but are needed to make them suitable for system trading. In particular the following properties were kept in mind: - Indicator values are only calculated from real prices as opposed to fake prices. - Gaps are not filled with zero volume fake bars. - The bars are fully backtestable. - The bars can be used in tick replay and synchronized in multi-bar series scripts. A Lizard Renko bar is closed as soon as the target level is reached. New target levels are then based on the close of the prior bar. Therefore, the Lizard Renko bars are not grid based and allow for gaps between two bars when market liquidity is low. LizardRenko Bars The Lizard Renko bars are built using two parameters, the tick trend and the tick reversal, where - tick trend size of the tick move required to complete a new continuation bar - tick reversal size of the tick move required complete a new reversal bar They do no have a third parameter to set a fake open, because the open is dependent on the selected chart style.
10 D-Renko, T-Renko and Q-Renko Bars Other than the LizardRenko bars the package contains three fixed ratio bar types. These are D-Renko, T-Renko and Q-Renko bars. The fixed ratio for these bars is set to - D-Renko (D Double): ratio 1:2 - T-Renko (T Triple): ratio 1:3 - Q-Renko (Q Quadruple): ratio 1:4 Of course, the fixed ratio bar types can also be built with the LizardRenko bars. For example a LizardRenko T3R6 is identical to a D-Renko T3. A LizardRenko T4R12 is identical to a T-Renko T4, whereas a LizardRenko T2R8 is identical to a Q-Renko T2. The fixed ratio bar types were built for convenience purposes. The preconfigured bars can easily be added from the dropdown bar types menu, via the chart tool bar. Chart Styles The LizardRenko bar, D-Renko bars, T-Renko bars and Q-Renko bars may be used with the following chart styles: - Candlestick, Hollow candlestick OHLC, Open/Close LizardBrick UniBrick When used with NinjaTrader in-built chart styles, the bars or candles will show genuine prices, as displayed in the data box. This is different for the chart styles LizardBrick or UniBrick. Specifically, the chart open, high or low of the bar will display as genuine renko bars. The adjustment used for applying the chart styles to the renko bars does not affect the underlying data or bar properties in any way. The chart styles LizardBrick and UniBrick do not allow for setting the bar open via a specific offset. After consideration, we concluded it would not add value other than simply modify the fake open.
11 Chart Style LizardBrick The chart style LizardBrick has three submodes: - Bricks (display of bricks as for classical renko bars) - Wicks (display of bricks and wicks with real highs and lows) - BarOpen (display of bricks, wicks and the bar open) The chart below shows D-Renko bars with the chart style “LizardBrick” in submode “Wicks”. All bars show genuine high, low and close prices. The fake open is a design feature of the chart style. The LizardBrick style replicates the logic of classical renko bars. For continuation bars, the current bar open is placed at or near the close of the prior bar. Conversely, for reversal bars the current bar open is placed at or near the open of the prior bar. The underlying bar open, shown in the data box, is not affected by the embellishment. Switching the LizardBrick mode from “Wicks” to “BarOpen” will further add a little horizontal mark, displaying the genuine opening price.
12 Chart Style UniBrick The chart style UniBrick comes with similar submodes as the chart style LizardBrick. Below is the identical chart, this time displayed with the chart style UniBrick in submode Wicks. The chart style UniBrick is designed in such a way that all bars display an identical brick size. This is achieved by selecting an appropriate fake open price. Again, the underlying bar open shown in the data box is not affected by redesigning the bar. 3. Quick Start Guide After downloading the install file for the LT Renko Bars, please open the NinjaTrader 8 Control Center and select Tools - Import - NinjaScript Addon. Then select the install file and import. Once installed, please restart NinjaTrader so that the chart styles can load. The LizardRenko bars and the new chart styles are then ready for use.
13 In case that you update the LT Renko Bars to a new version, please first uninstall the prior version of the LT Renko Bars via Tools - Remove Ninja Script Assembly. Please then import the new install file as explained above. Once installed, please restart NinjaTrader so that the updated chart styles can load. Selecting the Bar Type Please open a new chart with the DataSeries Type “LizardRenko”. There are two parameters that can be selected - tick trend number of ticks required to complete a new continuation bar - tick reversal number of ticks required complete a new reversal bar
14 Typically a larger value is used for the tick reversal than for the tick trend. Selecting the Chart Style The default chart style for a new LizardRenko chart is the chart style “LizardBrick” with submode “Wicks”. If you change the chart style to a different submode, to “UniBrick” or to “Candlestick”, you may do so by accessing the chart style button directly via the chart tool bar. When setting the chart style via the chart tool bar, the bars are not reloaded and indicator values are not recalculated. The chart style “Candlestick” will always display candles with the genuine bar open, bar high, bar low and bar close – as displayed in the data box of the chart. The two renko bar styles will display bars with a modified bar open. However, the modified bar open is only used for displaying the candles, whereas indicators and backtests will always use the real prices.
15 Adding the Renko Tools indicator The install file further comes with an indicator LT Renko Tools, accessible from the LizardTrader folder of the indicator dialogue box. The Renko Tools can be used to display the two alternative target levels for the next renko bar. The current renko bar will close, when one of the two target levels is reached. The indicator also comes with sounds alerts which may be triggered at the completion of the current renko bar. Furthermore the Renko Tools come with paint bars, which allow for detecting market conditions when one or more levels of the order book were skipped. This information can be used to avoid entering positions when market liquidity has dropped. The screenshot below shows the target levels for a T-Renko chart.
16 4. Working with LizardRenko Bars There are a few things that make working with LizardRenko bars easier. When you open a new chart, NinjaTrader will apply the default chart template. In the event you use a template for loading different bar types, it is most likely set to the “Candlestick” chart style. The chartstyles LizardBrick and UniBrick can be used with the LizardRenko, D-Renko, T-Renko and Q-Renko bars to obtain the specific design. However, you may also use them with all other bar types. They will then emulate the “Candlestick” chart style. Accordingly, you may use LizardBrick or UniBrick for your default chart template. Configuring the Chart Tool Bar You may configure the dropdown menu for bar types to include D-Renko, T-Renko and Q-Renko bars. You may also preset the bar periods as needed.
17 The LizardRenko bars cannot be preconfigured, because they contain two separate parameters. You need to select them directly via DataSeries or by using the Ctrl-F7 shortcut. This is also one of the main reasons why we added the D-Renko, T-Renko and Q-Renko bars to our Renko package. Selecting Chart Styles The chart styles LizardBrick and UniBrick are easiest to access via the button in the chart tool bar. Through that menu, you may also select three submodes for each of the chart styles. Furthermore, all Lizard renko bars types may be used with the CandleStick and OHLC chart styles. The chart will then display bars with genuine prices. When switching chart styles or submodes, underlying prices or indicator values will not be changed. Backtest results will always remain unaffected by the selected chart style. In other words, chart styles only affect the visual display of the renko bars or candles. The chart below displays the T-Renko UniBrick chart style and emulates a Mean Renko / Median Renko chart.
18 Median Renko and Mean Renko charts have a 1:3 fixed ratio with a reversal offset 3 times larger than the trend offset. The same applies to T-Renko T bars. When applying the UniBrick chart style to T-Renko Renko bars, the fake open is located in the middle of the prior bar resulting in a backtestable Median or Mean Renko bar. If you wish to emulate other types of renko bars, please get in touch with us and we will make a suggestion for how to adapt the trend / reversal offsets and chart style to match your needs. Setting the Ratio Traditional renko charts have a fixed 1:2 ratio. Accordingly, the price move required for completing a new continuation bar is half that of the required price move for plotting a new reversal bar. By design, design renko charts will therefore have more continuation bars than reversal bars. When the ratio is increased, the percentage of continuation bars will expand further, giving the appearance of major trends while eliminating sideways markets. markets The below elow LizardRenko T1R30 with a 1:30 ratio o illustrates this effect. effect
19 The LizardRenko T1R30 draws a new continuation following a 1-tick move, whereas a new reversal bar requires a price move of 30 ticks against the current trend. The chart is further embellished with the UniBrick chart style. Although these trends are visually appealing, they are not easy to trade. Trading the downtrend would result in a modest gain of 5 ticks. Taking a position in the small uptrend that followed would incur a 17 tick loss. In general, high ratio renko charts should be avoided, unless used for a specific purpose or trading style. Widening Bid-Ask Spreads Although LizardRenko bars look like conventional renko bars during liquid market conditions, they will appear very different in thin liquidity scenarios. Let us first have a look at a widening bid ask spread example. The chart below is a D-Renko with a fixed ratio of 1:2 and comparable to a traditional renko chart.
20 The LizardRenko bars do not fill the spaces between the bid and ask with zero volume fake bars. All bars are built from real transactions and real price action. This is very different from what you would see on a traditional renko chart. Below is a traditional renko chart with the same resolution, displaying the same instrument at the same time. Following the rules for building classic renko bars, all gaps are filled with fake bars. Numerous fake bars were inserted to create this chart and show an idealized image of the market. However, the chart is useless for entering or exiting trades. Out of the 160 price bars, 132 bars are zero volume fake bars and were inserted to bridge the spread. Visually appealing renko charts that hide real price action are not helpful for trading. Only genuine prices will let you know what is going on in the markets. LizardRenko bars display the genuine spreads and will not fill them with zero volume fake bars.
21 Intraday Gaps Traditional renko bars also fill intraday gaps with fake bars. These fake bars are then used to calculate fake indicator values or fake entry prices for backtesting. The LizardRenko bars will leave the gap visible on the chart: 5. Applying Indicators to the Lizard Renko Bars The LizardRenko bars facilitate the application of indicators. All indicators are calculated from real trade data and therefore return accurate indicator values. Indicator values do not depend on the selected chart style and submode. Whether you display the LizardRenko bars with the chart style CandleStick, OHLC, LizardBrick or UniBrick has no impact on indicator values. Highs and lows will be correctly fed into the indicator, regardless of whether the wicks are displayed or not.
22 Support and Resistance Indicators Indicators used to determine support and resistance calculate correctly when applied to LizardRenko bars. The following LizardIndicators library indicators display accurate values when used with LizardRenko bars: - Daily high and low Floor pivots and Globex pivots Rolling pivots Fibonacci retracements and projections Camarilla pivots Fibonacci pivots Range projections The above mentioned Library indicators will typically be off a few ticks when used with conventional renko bars. This is because conventional renko bars feed false highs and lows into the indicators. The chart shown below is a LizardRenko T20R40 YM 12-19 chart on Oct 11, 2019 applying Globex pivots. Yesterday’s high and pivot levels all display correctly:
23 This is the same indicator applying Globex pivots with in-built renko bars on a 20 tick brick size: You may note that the first resistance level R1 is 18 ticks off, whereas the second resistance level R2 is 35 ticks off. This is because the in-built renko bars feed false high and low values into the indicator. Therefore you should not rely on S/R indicators when using in-built renko bars. Indicators Using OHL Data All indicators that use bar open, bar high or bar low (OHL) as input data do not return correct values when applied to conventional renko bars. For example a Stochastics indicator will exaggerate overbought and oversold values when applied to in-built renko bars. At the same time the average true range (ATR) will be underestimated. The zigzag indicator will show false highs and lows, because the real bar high and low is not accessible.
24 The LizardRenko bars supply real OHL values and thus all indicator values are correctly calculated. Below is a sample chart for a zigzag indicator applied to LizardRenko bars: Although the wicks are not shown, swing highs and swing lows are correctly displayed. Filters and Moving Averages Renko bars expand trends and compress sideways price action. This means that indicators take a larger fraction of input data from trending bars and a smaller fraction of input data from reversal bars representing range bound markets. As a result, linear filters and moving averages will adapt and show a similar behavior as the Kaufman Adaptive Moving Average (KAMA) or Chande’s Variable Index Dynamic Average (VIDYA).
25 The chart below compares a KAMA applied to a 10-minute chart with an EMA applied to a LizardRenko T5R10 chart. 6. The Renko Tools The LizardRenko bars are supplied with an indicator LT Renko Tools which is installed along with the Renko bars and accessible from the LizardTrader folder of the indicator dialogue box. The Renko Tools can be used to show the projected high and low for the current bar. It may furthermore be used to identify the current renko trend and to monitor market liquidity. The Renko Tools can also be accessed through other indicators or strategies.
26 Projected High and Low The Renko Tools indicator calculates the projected high and low for the current renko bar. The projected high holds the price level that needs to be reached for an upclose, while the projected low holds the price level required for a downclose. When the prior bar was an upclose, the projected high is calculated by adding the continuation offset (tick trend) to the prior close. The projected low is calculated by subtracting the reversal offset (tick reversal) from the prior close. Conversely, when the prior bar was a downclose, the projected high is calculated by adding the reversal offset to the prior close. The projected low is calculated by subtracting the continuation offset from the prior close. This logic is slightly modified for the first bar of the session. Continuation and reversal offsets are then added or subtracted from the current open. The prior trend is not dependent on the prior bar being an upclose or downclose, but obtained by comparing the open of the new session with the close of the prior session.
27 Projected highs and lows are always displayed for the last bar on the chart. When the indicator is set to Calculate.OnBarClose, projected highs and lows are calculated from the last bar close. For the first bar of the session, the projected high and low cannot be shown, because the calculation requires the current open, which is not available in Calculate.OnBarClose. However, when the indicator is set to Calculate.OnPriceChange, the current bar open is available and projected high and low will also be shown on the chart for the first bar of the session. Therefore it is recommended to use the indicator with the setting Calculate.OnPriceChange (default setting). The projected high, projected low and the reference value (prior close or current open for the first bar of the session) can be accessed through indicators and strategies via the public properties - ProjectionHigh - ProjectionLow - PriorClose The property PriorClose holds the prior close for all bars with the exception of the first bar of the session, where it holds the current open. In Calculate.OnPriceChange the projected high, low and prior close for the current bar can be accessed as ProjectionHigh[0], ProjectionLow[0] and PriorClose[0]. These properties should not be accessed in Calculate.OnBarClose, as it will not be possible to access the projections for the first bar of the session. The indicator also comes with two sound alerts for an upclose or downclose which can be triggered once a new renko bar has completed. Renko Trend The Renko Tools indicator can further be used to determine the current trend of the renko bars. Basically, the trend is up (renko trend 1) for an upclose and down (renko trend -1) for a downclose. It may also be neutral (renko trend 0) in the event that the last bar of the session is a doji bar that closes at the same value as the second but the last bar of the session. The Renko Trend can be accessed through indicators and strategies via a public property “RenkoTrend”.
28 Market Liquidity The Renko Tools indicator also allows for detecting situations when the bid-ask spread increases or one or several levels of the order book are skipped. This indicates a thin order book, i.e. when the size of the incoming market orders significantly exceeds the size of the order book. The indicator detects a thin market - when there is a gap of more than 1 tick between the close of a renko bar and the opening price of the next renko bar - or when a renko bar closes above the projected high or below the projected low (no transaction occurred at the projection levels) A thin order book may occur during the night session, when market liquidity has dropped. However, a similar situation may occur during a news release, when the liquidity of the order book cannot absorb the incoming market orders. Below is a LizardRenko chart during a news release:
29 The thin order book is shown via blue and yellow paint bars. The blue and yellow paint bars may be used to filter trade signals and refrain from entering positions. Another application is to detect increased bid-ask spreads as shown in the chart below: This is indicative of an algorithm gone mad during the night session. The indicator may be used to detect abnormal market conditions and invalidate all trade signals and avoid entering or exiting positions. For some instruments such as FOREX instruments that trade at 1/10th of a pip, a single skipped level may not be significant. It may then be appropriate to increase the default value for the number of skipped levels to a higher value, such as 3 or 4. As a result the indicator will then only detect market conditions, where transaction prices jump by 4 or 5 ticks in a single step.
30 Illiquid market situations may be displayed via paintbars. Additionally the indicator comes with a sound alert that will be triggered when it is activated and when such a situation occurs. The Renko Tools indicator further comes with a public Series bool MarketLiquidity that can be accessed via an indicator or strategy. The series will return the value 1 (MarketLiquidity 1) when the market is liquid. It will return the value 0 (MarketLiquidity 0) when one or several levels of the order book have been skipped. Short Reference Guide for Renko Tools Group Parameters Renko Projections Show projection levels Show prior close Show labels Thin Order Book Show channel Show paint bars Skipped tick levels Allowable Values True, False True, False True, False True, False True, False Integer 0 Description Activates or deactivates the projection high and projection low plots Activates or deactivates the plot for the prior close Activates label for projection plots and prior close Connects projection highs and lows to display a channel Activates the paint bars for detecting a thin order book. Allows for selecting the number of ticks that need to be skipped without printing any transactions. 7. Accessing the Renko Bars via NinjaScript The LizardRenko, D-Renko, T-Renko and Q-Renko bars are fully synchronizable and can be called from a NinjaScript indicator or strategy as a secondary bar series. This can be done by adding the NinjaScript method AddDataSeries() in OnStateChange() as soon as State State.DataLoaded has been reached.
31 The Renko bars are registered as LizardRenko: BarsPeriodType (BarsPeriodType)12490 D-Renko: BarsPeriodType (BarsPeriodType)12492 T-Renko: BarsPeriodType (BarsPeriodType)12493 Q-Renko BarsPeriodType (BarsPeriodType)12494 Example: Adding LizardRenko T5R10 bars to an indicator or strategy if(State State.Configure) { AddDataSeries(new BarsPeriod(){BarsPeriodType (BarsPeriodType) 12490, Value 5, Value2 10}); } Example: Adding D-Renko T8 bars to an indicator or strategy if(State State.Configure) { AddDataSeries(new BarsPeriod(){BarsPeriodType (BarsPeriodType) 12492, Value 8}); } Example: Adding T-Renko T6 bars to an indicator or strategy if(State State.Configure) { AddDataSeries(new BarsPeriod(){BarsPeriodType (BarsPeriodType) 12493, Value 6}); } Example: Adding Q-Renko T4 bars to an indi
renko chart can be aweful to look at and is barely recognizable as a renko chart. Below is an example of a renko chart based on genuine data. Fixing the aweful looking chart introduces the topic of chart styles. They can be used to implement design features of renko bars without using fake prices. Chart styles do not change the underlying data .
The Renko bar indicator draws Renko blocks on a normal MT4 time-based chart. The blocks can either be drawn as continuous, or as separated elements whenever a new Renko block is completed. (The blocks have varying widths, or gaps between them, because Renko bars are not time-based and have varying durations).
The Renko bar indicator draws Renko blocks on a normal MT4 time-based chart. The blocks can either be drawn as continuous, or as separated elements whenever a new Renko block is completed. (The blocks have varying widths, or gaps between them, because Renko bars are not time-based and have varying durations).
A Renko block obviously has variable duration in time. When drawn on top of a time-based chart such as a normal MT4 price chart, the Renko blocks will therefore have varying widths. You can choose either to draw the Renko blocks as continuous bars, or only to show separate blocks at the point that each new Renko bar is formed.
A Renko block obviously has variable duration in time. When drawn on top of a time-based chart such as a normal MT4 price chart, the Renko blocks will therefore have varying widths. You can choose either to draw the Renko blocks as continuous bars, or only to show separate blocks at the point that each new Renko bar is formed.
Renko Ashi Trading System 2 By Mr, Nims Introduction This trading system is based on utilization of the Non Time-frame based analysis called the Renko Chart. In the Renko Chart time is not of concern or time is not what causes separation of one bar/candle to another, the emphasis is on the price and the movements in pips. Like a 10pip renko
for MT4 Platform build 600 up! MTH mt4 b600 Accel Shift Renko Builder Indi v01 I develop this new Accelerated Shift Renko Chart Builder Indicator to match with the change of the way the new MT4 build 600 read/write offline chart. So, this Renko Chart Builder Indicator only
Renko indicator on it, then the offline chart will stop updating. 2.4.2 Continuous updates of the offline chart By default the indicator will continuously update the offline chart, drawing the current price and an "in-progress" bar since the last Renko block, and updating the offline chart with all new completed Renko blocks.
Anatomi Tulang dan Fisiologi Panggul 2.1.1 Tulang Tulang pelvis merupakan komposisi dari tiga buah tulang yakni dua tulang kokse . tulang pria lebih kekar dan kuat, sedangkan kerangka perempuan lebih ditujukan kepada pemenuhan fungsi reproduksi. Pada wanita bentuk thorak bagian bawah lebih besar, panggul berbentuk ginekoid dengan ala iliaka lebih lebar dan cekung, promontorium kurang .
