DART Projectile IM Tests Assessment

Heavy Torpedo warheadIM tests assessmentIMEMTS 2018, PortlandApril 23-26, 2018R. FOUGEYROLLAS1, L. CHAFFOIS2D. COURRILLAUD1, P. CHABIN212: NAVAL GROUP: EURENCO

OUTLINE Presentation of the F21 heavyweight Torpedo Presentation of F21 Heavy Torpedo warhead design Fast Cook-Off and Shaped charge Jet Tests IM signature OUTLINEPRESENTATIONFCO AND SCJ TESTSIM SIGNATURE2

F21 Heavyweight TorpedoOUTLINE PRESENTATIONFCO AND SCJ TESTSCharacteristicsValueLengthWeight6m1 500 kgDiameter533,4 mmRange 50 kmSpeed 50 knotsPropulsionElectricGuidanceAutomatic or optical fiberIM SIGNATURE3

F21 Heavyweight TorpedoOUTLINE PRESENTATIONFCO AND SCJ TESTSIM SIGNATURE4

F21 Heavyweight TorpedoOUTLINE PRESENTATIONFCO AND SCJ TESTSIM SIGNATURE5

WarheadItem123&456OUTLINE PRESENTATIONFCO AND SCJ TESTSIM SIGNATUREDescriptionAluminum bodyImpact FuzeCables & ConnectorsClosing plateMain charge Explosive thermalprotection thermal fuze6

WarheadMain charge explosiveCharacteristicsValueMain charge Explosive TechnologyMain charge ExplosiveCast-cure PBXB2211DMain charge Explosive componentsI-RDX / AP / Al / IB HTPB-BasedWarhead Diameter533,4 mmNet Explosive Weight250 kgWarhead Gross Weight348 kg OUTLINEFully qualified to STANAG 4170Underwater applications : mines, torpedo warheads,Anti-ship missile warheads PRESENTATIONFCO AND SCJ TESTSIM SIGNATURE7

WarheadMain charge explosive : B2211DOUTLINEPerformance characteristicsValueTNT Factor (Peak / Energy / Bubble effect)Density1,4 / 1,4 / 2,11,810Detonation velocity5 500 m.s-1Safety characteristicsValueAuto-ignition Temperature - STANAG 4491 ( C)Critical diameter200 C76 mmFriction sensitivity - STANAG 448933 JImpact Sensitivity - STANAG 448770 NCard Gap Test Ø40mm - STANAG 448880 cardsCapacity discharge - STANAG 4490No reaction PRESENTATIONFCO AND SCJ TESTSIM SIGNATURE8

WarheadThermal Protection OUTLINE PRESENTATIONFCO AND SCJ TESTSRubber based technologyReinforced rubber material againstthermal threatsComposed of 5 sub-componentsPrevent mechanical friction of Maincharge explosive with the metallicbodyInserted into the empty warheadbefore fillingIM SIGNATURE9

WarheadThermal Fuze varnish OUTLINE PRESENTATIONFCO AND SCJ TESTSHTPB-based live compoundDensity : 1,058Self-ignition temperature under slowheating stimuli : approx. 165 CFeature : locally initiate the maincharge explosive when temperaturereaches 165 C and prevent coreinitiation of the main charge andrelated violent reactionsIM SIGNATURE10

WarheadThermal Fuze varnish : Slow Cook-Off test OUTLINE PRESENTATIONFCO AND SCJ TESTSApplication : Slow Cook-Off threat165 C : initiation of thermal fuzelocated in the back end of the mainchargeStart of burning of main chargeexplosiveLinear combustion of the main chargeFast burning and low level of reactionIM SIGNATURE11

IM AssessmentFast Cook-Off Test Test setup : IAW STANAG 4240Fuel fire stimuliSpecimen configuration : Warhead section battery sectionOUTLINEPRESENTATION FCO AND SCJ TESTSIM SIGNATURE12

IM AssessmentFast Cook-Off Test T0 : burning of fuelT0 17’ : burning of the main charge explosiveT0 45’ : complete warhead has burntLevel of Reaction IAW STANAG 4439 : Type V (Burning)OUTLINEPRESENTATION FCO AND SCJ TESTSIM SIGNATURE13

IM AssessmentShaped Charge Test Test setup : IAW STANAG 4526Shaped charge warhead : RPG-7 (PG7M) Caliber : 70 mm Steel armor penetration : 300 mm Main charge explosive : A IX-1 (96% RDX, 4% wax) Net Explosive Weight : 320 gOUTLINEPRESENTATION FCO AND SCJ TESTSIM SIGNATURE14

IM AssessmentShaped Charge Test Test setup : IAW STANAG 4526Instrumentation Measurement Pressure gauges Steel witness plate High Speed cameraOUTLINEPRESENTATION FCO AND SCJ TESTSIM SIGNATURE15

IM AssessmentShaped Charge Test Test setup : IAW STANAG 4526Test configuration : SC in contact with the warhead (no mitigation device)OUTLINEPRESENTATION FCO AND SCJ TESTSIM SIGNATURE16

IM AssessmentShaped Charge Test Test setup : IAW STANAG 4526Test configuration : aim-point calculated to maximize the cross section of livematerial to be hit by the shaped charge jetOUTLINEPRESENTATION FCO AND SCJ TESTSIM SIGNATURE17

IM AssessmentShaped Charge Test T0 : initiation of the Shaped charge.Front end of the warhead is cut from the body : massive fragment projectedOUTLINEPRESENTATION FCO AND SCJ TESTSIM SIGNATURE18

IM AssessmentShaped Charge Test T0 3” : start of burning of the main charge explosive.T0 8’ : end of burning of the main charge explosiveOUTLINEPRESENTATION FCO AND SCJ TESTSIM SIGNATURE19

IM AssessmentShaped Charge TestOUTLINEPRESENTATION FCO AND SCJ TESTSIM SIGNATURE20

IM AssessmentShaped Charge Test Maximum Air blast pressure measured Most part of air blast pressure probably due to the shaped charge itself, butno reference test performedOUTLINEPRESENTATION FCO AND SCJ TESTSIM SIGNATURE21

IM AssessmentShaped Charge Test Close-up view after the test. No impact/damage on witness plate.OUTLINEPRESENTATION FCO AND SCJ TESTSIM SIGNATURE22

IM AssessmentShaped Charge Test Five pieces of unreacted high explosive recoveredOUTLINEPRESENTATION FCO AND SCJ TESTSIM SIGNATURE23

IM AssessmentShaped Charge Test Fragment distribution (not to scale)OUTLINEPRESENTATION FCO AND SCJ TESTSIM SIGNATURE24

IM AssessmentShaped Charge Test Unreacted high explosive recovered : 1,7 kgTotal weight of inert material recovered : 68,2 kgMassive fragment (front end) 14,5 kg recovered at 34 m from witness plateLow level of air blast measuredLevel of Reaction IAW STANAG 4439 : Type IV (Deflagration)OUTLINEPRESENTATION FCO AND SCJ TESTSIM SIGNATURE25

IM Signature IM Signature of F21 heavyweight torpedo warhead performed IAW STANAG4439 / AOP-39OUTLINEPRESENTATIONFCO AND SCJ TESTS IM SIGNATURE26

AcknowledgementsDGASAAB BOFORS TEST CENTER ABARIANE GROUP27

Auto-ignition Temperature - STANAG 4491 ( C) 200 C Critical diameter 76 mm Friction sensitivity - STANAG 4489 33 J Impact Sensitivity - STANAG 4487 70 N Card Gap Test Ø40mm - STANAG 4488 80 cards Capacity discharge - STANAG 4490 No reaction Warhead Main charge explosive : B2211D