The Maintenance Of CNG Vehicles
The Maintenance of CNGVehiclesWhat Is a Typical CNG Vehicle?Committed to environmental quality
CNG VehiclesThey Come In All Shapes and SizesCommitted to environmental quality
CNG is a Proven TechnologySedans, Pick-ups, Vans/WagonsHondaAll GMC brandsFord/Mercury/Lincoln via SVMsWork/Vocational TrucksPeterbilt, Freightliner,Crane Carrier, Condor,Isuzu, GM, Workhorse, Ottawa .Dozens of up-fitters in the work sectorBus and ShuttleNABI, Orion, New Flyer, Creative Bus,El Dorado-National, Champion, Supreme,Blue Bird, Thomas Built, Optima and SpecialtyCommitted to environmental quality
CNG Statistics 11 million NGVs in use worldwide; 110Koperating on US roadsNatural gas is compressed to enable the maximumonboard fuel storage 5.660 pounds 1 Gasoline Gallon Equivalent(GGE) ( 125 scf) 6.360 pounds 1 Diesel Gallon Equivalent (DGE)( 140 scf)Octane rating of 117Committed to environmental quality
How is a CNG Vehicle DifferentThan a Diesel to Maintain?o Engine MaintenanceoFuel System MaintenanceoFuel Cylinder Maintenanceand InspectionCommitted to environmental quality
Engine Operation and Maintenance CNG engines operate in a similar way as agasoline engine but at a higher temperatureSpark plugs or another ignition source arerequired for fuel ignitionCNG engines come in similar power andtorque ranges as a gasoline or diesel engineCNG is cleaner, extending the oil changeintervals out substantiallyCummins ISLG oil and filter change intervalsare 15,000mi/6mo or 500 runtime hoursCommitted to environmental quality
ACUA CNG Scheduled PMIntervals Oil and FilterSpin-on Fuel FilterSpark PlugsEngine 001,5002,00015,000 mi15,000 mi22,500 mi30,000 mi61218242,00030,000 mi24Committed to environmental quality
Fuel System Components andMaintenanceHigh Pressure 3600 psi max. Fill nozzle (O-ring)Tank pressure gaugeCylinder shutoff valvePressure Relief DeviceMain shutoff valveHigh pressure filter(cartridge)Service ventElectric shutoff valveHigh pressure regulatorLow Pressure, Engine SupplyApproximately 100 psi Low pressure filter(cartridge)Electric shutoff valveEngine supply tubing andlinesCommitted to environmental quality
CNG Fuel System DetailsCommitted to environmental quality
CNG Safety Devices As a gaseous fuel, CNG is lighter than air and will rise quicklywith no pooling on the ground as with other vehicle fuels.Tank(s) are specifically designed to quickly vent through aPressure Relief Device (PRD) if enveloped in fire withoutrupturing the tank.There is a manual shutoff valve which can isolate each tank.Note: The PRD is still actively protecting the tank when theshutoff is closed.Electro-solenoid valves will also isolate the tank(s) and fuelsystem piping when the vehicle is turned off.An Excess-flow Valve on each cylinder prevents gas leakage inthe case of a rapid pressure change past the cylinder.Committed to environmental quality
CNG Fuel Cylinder TypesTABLE 1A COMPARISON OF ONBOARD FUEL STORAGE CYLINDERSTYPESIZECAPACITYWEIGHTType 1Example: All-Steel74" x 15"1,820 SCF387 lbs.Type 2Example: Hoop-WrappedAluminum Composite74" x 15"1,820 SCF290 lbs.Type 3Example: Fully-WrappedAluminum Composite74" x 15"1,820 SCF141 lbs.Type 4Example: All-Composite74" x 15"1,820 SCF141 lbs.Onboard 3600 psi vehicle cylinders; 4 types ofonboard cylinders; all meet the same nationalsafety standards FMVSS 304 and ANSI NGV2.Committed to environmental quality
Fuel Cylinder Design Type 3Committed to environmental quality
Fuel Types and CombustionPropertiesRange of FlammabilityFuelLean Limit Rich Limit Flash Point Auto Ignition 0%3%1.40%4%2.2%7.50%19%7.60%75%10%145 F55 F -40 FgasgasNatural Gas5%16%gas420 F690 F475 F930 F890 F1070 FCommitted to environmental quality
CNG Tank Safety Vehicle tanks and fuel systems should be inspectedat least every 3 years/36000 miles or when thevehicle is in a motor vehicle accidentInspectors should be accredited by CSA Standardswith a CNG Fuel System Inspector CertificationCSA is recognized by the Occupational Safety &Health Administration (OSHA)American National Standards Institute (ANSI) NGV2Find an inspector at: http://peoplesearch-csaamerica.orgCommitted to environmental quality
Maintenance Center Precautions Released Natural Gas will pool in the ceiling of aservice garage if not ventilatedExhaust fans and gas detection systems addedOpen flame heating sources eliminatedFleet technicians will need training on CNGService safety procedures must be defined andfollowed by the fleet service techniciansGas leak detection service tools addedCommitted to environmental quality
Staff Training Drivers Driver TrainingDaily routines Fueling procedures and safety Use you ears and nose Committed to environmental quality
Staff Training Mechanics Mechanic Training Factory train your mechanics on the fuelsystem that is installed on your vehicles Require engine system training frommanufacturer Cylinder manufacturers may also offer training Train on safe maintenance proceduresassociated with CNG: high pressure, ventingmethods and combustible safety Encourage and incentivize ASE certificationsand other alternative fuel educationCommitted to environmental quality
Training and StandardsOrganizations National Alternative Fuels Training Consortium (NAFTC)Natural Gas Vehicle Institute (NGVI)Clean Vehicle Education Foundation (CVEF)National Automotive Technician Education Foundation(NATEF)National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence (ASE)Committed to environmental quality
CNG Fueling is Here at the ACUAWhy CNG? ACUA built a CNG fueling station, partiallyfunded by a DOE Clean Cities grant Station Dedicated in October 2010 ACUA is committed to the full transition of itscollection fleet to CNG Currently 5 CNG refuse trucks are operating,10 more will arrive in the spring 2011 First fleet accessible station in southern NJ,all fleets are welcome Burns Cleaner80% less ozone forming emissions than diesel/gasoline vehicles Less ExpensiveNatural gas is between 0.50 and 1.00 cheaper than dieselper gallon equivalent Produced Domestically
CNG Cleaner, Cheaper andBetterQUESTIONS ?Harry GallagherMaintenance Resource CoordinatorAtlantic County Utilities AuthorityContact ed to environmental quality
required for fuel ignition CNG engines come in similar power and torque ranges as a gasoline or diesel engine CNG is cleaner, extending the oil change intervals out substantially Cummins ISLG oil and filter change intervals are 15,000mi/6mo or 500 runtime
Questar Gas Company: 7 CNG public stations, 12 CNG upgrades & 115 CNG vehicles Robinson Waste: 3 CNG refuse haulers Salt Lake City: 57 CNG & hybrid vehicles Semi-Service Inc : 1 CNG public station & 7 CNG vehicles St. George Express : 5 CNG airport shuttle vans
In-Use Vehicle (CNG /Bio-CNG/LNG Dual Fuel Engine) For Replacement of In-Use Diesel Engine by New CNG/Bio-CNG/LNG Engine . vehicle and CNG / Bio-CNG/LNG engine as per Table 2 and 4 of AIS-007. CMV
For example; we see for a manufacture rated 23.5 gge CNG cylinder having refills in range of 17 - 20 gge's. CNG Cylinder Pressure - 3,600 psi at 70ºF CNG Cylinder Inspection Requirements - The CNG Cylinder must be inspected every 3 years or 36,000 miles, whichever occurs first, by a Certified CNG Cylinder and Fuel System Inspector (CNG-FSI).
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For example; we see for a manufacture rated 23.5 gge CNG cylinder having refills in range of 17 - 20 gge's. CNG Cylinder Pressure - 3,600 psi at 70ºF CNG Cylinder Inspection Requirements - The CNG Cylinder must be inspected every 3 years or 36,000 miles, whichever occurs first, by a Certified CNG Cylinder and Fuel System Inspector (CNG-FSI).
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