Conceptual Design For Paghman Nursery Water Collection
Conceptual Design forPaghman Nursery Water Collection and DeliveryApril 26, 2007Prepared for USAID AfghanistanOffice of Agriculture DevelopmentPrepared byJon Fripp and Clark D. FleegeUnitied States Department Of AgricultureUnder the United State Department of AgricultureForeign Agriculture Service, Office of Capacity Building and DevelopmentParticipating Agency Service AgreementWith theUnited States Agency for International Development/Afghanistan
A concept design for irrigation water collection and delivery ispresented here. Personnel with the Forestry Department, PaghmanNursery and Ismail Nasri contributed greatly to this conceptual design.Its focus is primarily on the collection and delivery of water to thereservoirs at the upper portion of the nursery. However, irrigationinfrastructure through the nursery is also discussed.The proposed improvements have the following goals:1. Increase the amount water available for irrigation.2. Reduce maintenance required for the infrastructure.3. Provide for better usage and management of irrigation waterduring droughts.4. Provide for control of water as the first part of the largerplanned irrigation improvements.
Current Condition of Karez and CanalSystem to Nursery Reservoir
Present Condition of Water Reservoir:1. Inlet pipe damaged2. Outlet valve missing3. Huge hole at base4. Inadequate size for large-scaleirrigation
Overview of proposed plan for collection and delivery of water to the reservoirs
A. Karez ImprovementSummary: Enhance existing Karez system with an infiltration galleryand pipe. This should reduce maintenance, reduce sediments inflows, and provide for more sustained flows. Underground anddeep ( 1 meter) excavation is potentially dangerous. Appropriatesafety precautions should be taken.
B. Delivery of water to reservoirSummary: This portion of the concept design addresses the movement ofwater from the Karez to the reservoirs at Paghman nursery. The canalswould be constructed of concrete (to reduce water loss), and be ofsufficient size to transport large amounts of water in the least amount oftime.
C. Turn-outs to provide water to farmersSummary: Farmers have created turn-outs inthe existing earthen canal. These will beturn-outs installed in the concrete canal.
D. Reservoir ImprovementSummary: It is suggested that theexisting reservoir be repaired and alower one be constructed. Theseshould operate in series with theupper functioning as a sediment basinas well as providing storage. Asecondary security fence should beincluded around the reservoirs toreduce the possibility of theft,vandalism, as well as reduce thepossibility of children or animalsfalling into the reservoirs.
E. Outlet from ReservoirsSummary: Outlet should be able to direct flows to both a pipeline andan open channel. Design should allow for flows to be directed toone or the other of these outlets for either or both of thereservoirs.
F. Lined Open ChannelsSummary: It is proposed that the existing earthen open channels be linedwith clay brick. This will reduce loss of irrigation water to infiltration. Thisportion of the project can proceed in small stages and short lengths asfunding is available.
G. Delivery PipeSummary: A delivery pipe is proposed from the reservoirs to the nursery. Thispipe would be used to provide water for drip irrigation and for sprinklerirrigation. It is expected that this part of the project will be constructed as adifferent phase from the previous items. Detailed survey information isrequired for design.
Shadehouse Operation1.2.3.4.Shade will reduce water use in plantsManual operation of overhead shade.Plants can be watered with watering cans or irrigation systems.Make sure entire shadehouse is watered equally.
Shadehouse Operation:1. 50% shade will reducesurface temperatures 6 C.2. White shade is moreeffective than black forreducing surface heat.3. Use shade when surfacetemperatures regularly 35 C4. Shade could increaseplant shoot growth5. Pull back shade midOctober
F. Lined Open Channels Summary: It is proposed that the existing earthen open channels be lined with clay brick. This will reduce loss of irrigation water to infiltration. This portion of the project can proceed i
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