Delivering The Digital Agenda For Europe
Delivering the DigitalAgenda for EuropeHow the Digital Agenda for Europe will only fully deliver if we rethink the role of digital skills education in the new Europeaneconomy.The ways in which Europeans acquire appropriate digital skills toengage effectively in the economy and society needs to be rethought once more.It has become clear that a static and siloed approach toimparting digital skills through a limited number of channels willnot sustain long-term growth, employment and competitivenessambitions of Europe. Digital skills underpin both the Europe 2020strategy for growth and its component plan, the Digital Agendafor Europe. We need to dispel the commonly repeated myth thatthose born after a certain date can be considered as ‘digitalnatives’ with no requirement to develop their digital skills. Wemust recognise that the issue of those without the skills to usetechnology fully will not simply go away; rather it requires digitalskills to be embedded at the heart of the political agenda at boththe national and European levels.A broad evidence base that demonstrates the business case fordigital skills needs to drive policy decisions at every level. As amatter of urgency, the role of digital skills needs to be betterassimilated across all policies while also being maintained as astand-alone policy priority. This is the only effective way ofresponding to Europe’s diverse and changing needs, whilstgiving the Digital Agenda for Europe its best possible chance ofsuccess.ECDL Foundation ReportOctober 2012
Delivering the Digital Agenda for Europe – Setting the Digital Skills AgendaAim of ReportThe aim of this report is to build an objective picture of the real challenges ofimplementing the Digital Agenda for Europe (DAE), specifically pillar 6: Enhancing digitalliteracy, skills and inclusion. This report highlights the shared experiences and salientchallenges that exist across Europe in achieving the digital literacy, skills and inclusiongoals of the Digital Agenda for Europe and, using the collective voices of MemberStates, provides recommendations for advancement at the national and Europeanlevels.We hope that this report will foster discussion, creativity and action at both the MemberState and the EU level. Through convening Member State and EU-level meetings ofgovernment representatives, stakeholders and EU officials on an annual basis, ECDLFoundation is seeking to play its role in ensuring that the Europe 2020 strategy andspecifically the DAE, work as practical tools which support, and are supported by, theright approaches to digital skills education.We see Delivering the Digital Agenda for Europe as a timely contribution to a criticaldebate. If you have feedback and/or wish to become involved in this ongoing processplease contact us.The Process so far The content of this report has been informed by a series of Europe-wide events ondigital skills, convened by experts, industry and governments and a European RoundTable that assembled the leading representatives from the national events at aEuropean Round Table on Digital Literacy, Skills & e-Inclusion – Delivering the DigitalAgenda. This European event examined the challenges and successes of thegrassroots implementation of e-skills policy and was held on 7 December 2011 in theEuropean Parliament, with the patronage of Ms. Neelie Kroes, Vice-President of theEuropean Commission, and Commissioner responsible for the Digital Agenda forEurope.ECDL Foundation is acting as the catalyst to bring policy makers, public servants andindustry together to share experience across Member States and create a synergy thatsupports, in a practical way, the goals of pillar 6 of the DAE as well as to promote theright policy actions in Brussels to deliver the support that all Europeans need.This report forms part of an ongoing ECDL Foundation campaign to deliver the DAE,which can only succeed with the active engagement and feedback of those mostresponsible for implementing the DAE at Member State level.For further details see: http://www.ecdl.org/daeroundtable2
Delivering the Digital Agenda for Europe – Setting the Digital Skills AgendaTable of Contents1Executive Summary . 42Introduction . 53Digital Skills in Europe 2012 -2013: Key Themes and Challenges. 63.1Growth: Making the Business Case for Digital Skills . 63.2Economic Inclusion: Avoiding the Digital Native Trap . 73.3Social Inclusion: Active Ageing in a Digital Society. 73.4Digital Skills as a Cross-Cutting Issue . 73.4.1Making Digital Skills a Political Priority . 83.4.2Developing a Long-Term Digital Literacy Policy . 83.4.3Creating a Joined Up Approach to Digital Literacy . 93.54Building a Sustainable and Inclusive Approach to Digital Skills Education. 104.15Developing the Skills of Educators . 9Priority Actions . 104.1.1Build the Business Case . 104.1.2Champion the Issue . 104.1.3Drive the Digital Imperative across all Policy . 10From Policy to Action: What Next . 113
Delivering the Digital Agenda for Europe – Setting the Digital Skills Agenda1Executive SummaryIn the autumn of 2011, ECDL Foundation engaged its European network of partners toconnect with a range of stakeholders in the digital skills space and catalyse nationalround table discussions in 12 European countries. These discussions objectivelyevaluated the role that the Digital Agenda for Europe (DAE)1 was playing within eachcountry, addressed common challenges and the reality of achieving the national leveltargets for digital skills development outlined in the DAE. The participants includedgovernment representatives, employers’ bodies, educational institutions, and IT industryrepresentatives. Building on this activity at the Member State level, ECDL Foundationorganised a European Round Table, with the patronage of Ms. Neelie Kroes, VicePresident of the European Commission and Commissioner responsible for the DigitalAgenda for Europe which was held in the European Parliament and hosted by Mr. SeánKelly MEP. The summit provided a forum to share national experiences and channeldirect feedback to EU officials.It emerged from the Round Table that while digital skills were known to be important, inmany Member States this recognition was not matched by political intent, that is, bypolicy measures and funding channels. While the transversal element of digital skills washighlighted as being vital, the lack of a coordinated approach to digital skillsdevelopment at national level was seen as an impediment to achieving the relevantcomponents of the DAE. All participants agreed on the vital role of European SocialFunding (ESF) in supporting the European e-skills agenda2, however many expressedconcern over the allocation of ESF funds at national level for digital skills, and theirability to influence governments to establish digital skills as a funding priority.To address this, the Round Table called for better cooperation and coordination atnational and European level and stressed the need for more empirical evidence of thelinkage between skills and productivity on a micro and macro level in both the nationaland European context. It was felt that establishing digital skills as a political priorityneeds to move beyond political sound bites to focus on clear actions and the followingfive priorities were established as the main challenges to be addressed: Growth: Making the Business Case for Digital SkillsEconomic Inclusion: Avoiding the Digital Native TrapSocial Inclusion: Active Ageing in a Digital SocietyEstablishing Digital Skills as a Cross-Cutting IssueDeveloping the Digital Skills of Educators.In addition key actions for future and immediate action were agreed around building thebusiness case, championing the issue and driving the digital imperative across allpolicy.The European Round Table concluded that in the long term, more structure and clarity isrequired around digital skills definition, which is particularly important when comparingskills levels across borders. The establishment of a single independent authority toprovide both consistency and coordination was broadly supported. This would in turnsupport well crafted and targeted long-term strategies and policies that are developed ina structured and coordinated way. This report is part of a continuing campaign by ECDLFoundation to work with stakeholders to drive the delivery the DAE.1Commission Communication ‘A Digital Agenda for Europe’, COM(2010) 245 of 19.5.20102010 Commission Communication "e-Skills for the 21st century: fostering competitiveness, growth andjobs", COM (2007) 496 of 07.09.2007 and "Towards a job-rich recovery", COM (2012) 173 of 18.04.201224
Delivering the Digital Agenda for Europe – Setting the Digital Skills Agenda2 IntroductionThis report is based on the combined experience and expertise of 12 Europeancountries with stakeholders from the public and private sectors that came together forfrank discussion and assessment of the relevance of the objectives and targets of theDAE. This sharing of common experiences and challenges enabled national actors toidentify the necessary practical actions that both national and European policy makersand politicians need to undertake to ensure that the goals and aspirations of the DAEand the wider EU 2020 strategy will be met.This Delivering the Digital Agenda for Europe report outlines critical steps towardsensuring that we work collectively to address the underlying challenges in digital skillsacquisition and support the wider drive for growth and employability across Europe. Ithas been designed to offer a clear set of priorities to be debated and transformed intoaction and within the context ECDL Foundation’s campaign to deliver the DAE. Throughconvening this series of events, ECDL Foundation has created a context in whichstakeholders can monitor and assess progress on an regular basis to ensure thatprogress is made.“Such digital inclusion cannot be delivered through one-off commandsfrom Brussels; it takes constant dialogue between local champions andpolicy makers.that will take continuity and endurance. But it is essentialfor a socially and economically sustainable Europe.Now we have the opportunity to move away fromisolated projects. We need to put digital empowerment right in themiddle of the political agenda – we need systemic transformationfrom the bottom up and from the highest political level down”. Ms.Neelie Kroes, Vice-President of the European Commission, duringher keynote address to the European Round Table.“The challenge now is how to turn a policy paper into action. We arehelping governments to share their experiencesamongst themselves and with the EuropeanCommission executives. This is the purpose of thisfirst European Round Table and our campaign todeliver the Digital Agenda for Europe.” Mr. Damien O’Sullivan, CEOof ECDL Foundation, speaking at the European Round Table.“Social inclusion of individuals is important, particularly in relation to jobgrowth. Most new jobs will require digital skills in thefuture and if we don’t address the digital skills of allEuropeans, we will actually contribute to renderingthe digital divide even more prominent.” Mr. SeánKelly, MEP, during his welcome address at the European RoundTable.5
Delivering the Digital Agenda for Europe – Setting the Digital Skills Agenda3 Digital Skills in Europe 2012 -2013: Key Themes andChallengesThis section elaborates some of the key themes that are set to frame the Europeandigital skills debate in 2012 and in 2013. By combining the outputs of national eventswith the European Round Table and a series expert inputs, the linkage between five keythematic areas and the importance of digital skills becomes very clear.Discussion on these thematic areas as outlined below may not come as a surprise tosome readers, however there is still great concern at national level in particular thatthese areas, while well known, are not receiving appropriate attention for a variety ofreasons. The Member State view on these areas and the challenges in overcomingissues within each thematic area are addressed below. It is important they receive theappropriate level of attention.Participants agreed that in order to effect change and achieve progress on the ground,progress would need to be made in five key areas which span national and EU-levelresponsibility.3.1 Growth: Making the Business Case for Digital SkillsThe need for economic growth is the primary driver pushing digital skills upwards inmany national priorities. Despite this appearing to be a truism, according to manybusiness and civil service representatives, there was serious concern from MemberStates that politicians give insufficient prioritisation to digital skills; and many politiciansremain unconvinced as to the ‘business case’ for investing in digital skills.This was emphasised in particular bysome Member State representativeswho were concerned that their politicalleaders were insufficiently aware of thehuge opportunity they were missing byfailing to invest in digital skills tomaximise the benefit of their relativelylow cost labour markets.ICT workforce annual growth rate continues torise despite the crisis, while ICT graduatenumbers are falling. It is clear that ICTsupports employability as the job marketabsorbs ICT graduates even during the crisis.Mr. Michel Catinat, Head of Unit,European Commission DG Enterprise & IndustryThere was a unanimous call for better ‘evidence’ of what works at local, regional,national and European levels for accelerating the take up and measuring the impact ofdigital skills. One of the recognised challenges in gathering ‘evidence’ is that practiceleads theory and so ‘evidence’ does not always have academic rigour, but may be moreanecdotal in form. While it was noted that there are many case studies and referencepoints available, a lack of awareness of these sources remains an issue. Many casestudies can be found in areas suchWhat we need in terms of substance is evidence:as the e-Practice Portal, whilehow do efforts on the ground achieve good emore rigorous statistical data iscommerce practices? We need economicavailable from Eurostat and OECDevidence, for public administrations for example.reports.ThechallengeliesMr. Miguel González-Sancho, Deputy Head of Unit,however in linking best practice toEuropean Commission DG Information Society andMediaa bottom line and economicevidence.Two areas were identified for particular attention in creating a better evidence base: Demonstrating the economic contribution of digital skills to e-commerce, to egovernment, to the take up of broadband infrastructure, and to SME’s ability to6
Delivering the Digital Agenda for Europe – Setting the Digital Skills Agenda have transactions online as well as to facilitate entrepreneurship. The generationof hard data on digital savings and conversely on the cost of digital ignorance willsupport the economic argument which is the strongest one, and the one thatneeds to be developed and widely promoted.Evaluate European digital skills performance within Europe but also incomparison to other counties. Benchmark the investment in skills and skills levelsagainst economic performance nationally and internationally.3.2 Economic Inclusion: Avoiding the Digital Native TrapIn the tough economic and employmentA quarter of Europeans have neverenvironment that currently prevails in Europe,used the internet, and in someit is not a simple case that digital skillscountries this rises to 40% of therepresent a guarantee of employment.population. We know this is largelyIndeed, many European countries have highdue to a lack of skills. We needlevels of unemployment amongst the undertraining and re-training at all levels25 age group, a demographic that manyand we need to understand how topolicy makers and governments continue tobest equip the labour force to competeglobally.collectively refer to as ‘digital natives’, andMrs. Lucilla Sioli, Head of Unit,consider them to have the best non-specialistEuropean Commission DG Informationdigital skills in society. There was widespreadSociety and Mediaagreement and frustration expressed at thedangerous assumption that this cohort ofyouth are appropriately skilled to engage in the workforce. This assumption could lead toa new layer of labour market exclusion where a lack of focus on appropriate skills meansa young and otherwise educated workforce do not fit easily into the employment marketbecause of a lack of joined up thinking between industry and educators includingvarious types of training organisations.3.3 Social Inclusion: Active Ageing in a Digital SocietyA further issue that recurred in discussion is that of Europe’s ageing demographic andhow digital skills are vital for all age groups to participate in the digital economy.Local champions that driveThere appear to be stark differences betweencollaboration and bring socialcountries on the number of older peopleintermediaries together with Memberembracing digital skills, including the use of theStates can help address the inclusioninternet. In Northern Europe for example weissue on a large scale.see significant increases in ‘silver surfers’ in allMr. Ilias Iakovidis, Acting Head of Unit,but the poorest economic groups. Yet theEuropean Commission DG InformationSociety and Mediasituation varies greatly across Europe and inmany cases older people are not adequatelyafforded the skills, access and opportunity to use technology effectively. This is likely tobecome a growing issue as governments hope to create significant public sector savingsby providing services online. It also presents major difficulties for the workforce aspeople retire later in life.Engagement across ministries is vital at national levels and should be combined with abusiness model that includes intermediaries with government and business actors. Thismodel should combine infrastructure with skills and underline what is at stake if action isnot taken.3.4 Digital Skills as a Cross-Cutting IssueThe approach to digital skills as one-dimensional, siloed and delivered through limitedchannels needs to be re-thought. The perception of skills as ‘stand-alone’ was seen to7
Delivering the Digital Agenda for Europe – Setting the Digital Skills Agendabe outdated and failing to address the potential of living successfully in the informationsociety. The discussion underlined the need for digital skills to be adapted andintegrated horizontally at all levels to reflect the changing needs of society and theeconomy. The ubiquity of technology in society and industry in general, demonstratesthe transversality of digital skills and demands a cross-cutting approach in both policyand practice.On a policy level, the link between embedding skills as a cross-cutting issue anddemonstrating the economic link to value, return on investment, employability and thebroader evidence base were closely linked. The lack of such evidence was repeatedlyrecognised as a particular danger for digital skills development at Member Stat
imparting digital skills through a limited number of channels will not sustain long-term growth, employment and competitiveness ambitions of Europe. Digital skills underpin both the Europe 2020 strategy for growth and its component plan, the Digital Agenda for Europe
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