MINE FOREMAN’S - IN.gov

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MINE FOREMAN’SSTUDY GUIDE

QUALIFICATIONS– Must hold an Indiana Miners License– Applicant for Mine Foreman must be a citizen of the United States.– Must have four (4) years experience in underground coal mining.However: persons who have graduated and hold a degree inengineering or an approved four (4) year program in coal miningtechnology from an accredited school, college or university arerequired to have only two (2) years of practical undergroundmining experience to qualify for the examination and persons whohave graduated and hold a two (2) year associate in appliedscience degree in coal mining technology from an accreditedschool, college or university are required to have only three (3)years practical underground mining experience to qualify for theexamination.– Thorough knowledge of the coal mining laws in Indiana, and the mininglaws under Title 30 CFR, and the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of1977 Amended by the MINER ACT 0f 2006.– Prove to the Mining Board by a written and oral examination, and bydemonstration that you are competent and qualified where applicable,that he has a thorough knowledge of:The theory and practice of coal mining;The nature and properties of poisonous, noxious, and explosivegases and methods for their detection and control;The requirements of the coal mining laws of this state.– A certificate of competency may not be issued to any person whosegrade is less than 75%.– Applicants for examination must pay the Bureau of Mines anexamination fee of 25.00.Page 2 of 56

PURPOSE– Each commercial mine shall be supervised by a properly certified mineforeman who shall see that the provisions of the coal-mining laws ofIndiana that pertain to his duties and to the health and safety of theemployees are complied with. When the mine workings are soextensive that the mine foreman is unable personally to carry out theduties required of him by law, the operator shall employ a sufficientnumbers of properly certified assistants who shall act under thedirection of the mine foreman. The mine foreman or his assistants shallnot permit any person to work in an unsafe place except for thepurpose of making it safe and such work shall be under the directionand instruction of a certified official.– The mine foreman shall provide such data and information regardingthe operation of the mine as may be required by the Director on blankswhich shall be furnished by the Director. He is responsible for thehealth and safety of all employees. He must see that adequate suppliesare on hand for the safe operation of the mine. He must read andcountersign all mine record books (promptly). He shall see that thereare properly certified mine examiners to insure proper pre-shift and onshift inspections. He must insure adequate and proper ventilation. Heis responsible to insure that all mining laws are complied with.Page 3 of 56

MINING TERMSAct: The Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977.Abandoned Workings: Means excavations, either caved or sealed, thatare deserted and in which further mining is not intended, open workingswhich are not ventilated and inspected regularly, and from which allmaterial has been removed.Active workings: Any place in a coal mine where miners are normallyrequired to work or travel.Air course: An entry or a set of entries separated from other entries bystoppings, overcasts, other ventilation control devices, or by solid blocksof coal or rock so that any mixing of air currents between each is limited toleakage.Assistant Mine Foreman: Means a person employed to assist the mineforeman in the performance of his duties and to serve in his place, in theabsence of the mine foreman.Coal dust: Particles of coal that can pass a No. 20 sieve.Director: Means the director of the bureau of mines and mining of Indiana.Float coal dust: Coal dust consisting of particles of coal that can pass aNo. 200 sieve.Intake air: Air that has not yet ventilated the last working place on anysplit of any working section, or any worked-out area, whether pillared ornonpillared.Interested Persons: Means the director, safety personnel designated bythe operator, state and federal coal mine inspectors, and to the extentrequired by law, any other person.Loose coal: Coal fragments larger in size than coal dust.Page 4 of 56

Man or men: As used in this article includes woman and women. Themasculine gender includes the feminine, the feminine. The feminine, themasculine.Mine: means an underground commercial coal mine.Mine Examiner: Means a properly certified person designated by the mineforeman to examine the mine for gas and other dangers.Mine Inspector: Means the person appointed to assist in administeringthis article.Operator: Means an individual, firm, association, partnership orcorporation operating an underground coal mine or any part thereof.Overcast: Is an enclosed structure that permits one air current to crossover another. It allows an uninterrupted flow of air and eliminates theneed for doors.Person: Includes natural persons, corporations, partnerships, and anyother legal entity.Qualified person: As the context requires:Return air: Air that has ventilated the last working place on any split ofany working section or any worked-out area whether pillared ornonpillared. If air mixes with air that has ventilated the last working placeon any split of any working section or any worked-out area, whetherpillared or nonpillared, it is considered return air. For the purposes of§75.507-1, air that has been used to ventilate any working place in a coalproducing section or pillared area, or air that has been used to ventilateany working face if such air is directed away from the immediate return isreturn air. Notwithstanding the definition of intake air, for the purpose ofventilation of structures, areas or installations that are required by thissubpart D to be ventilated to return air courses, and for ventilation ofseals, other air courses may be designated as return air courses by theoperator only when the air in these air courses will not be used to ventilateworking places or other locations, structures, installations or areasrequired to be ventilated with intake air.Page 5 of 56

Rock dust: Pulverized limestone, dolomite, gypsum, anhydrite, shale,adobe, or other inert material, preferably light colored, 100 percent ofwhich will pass through a sieve having 20 meshes per linear inch and 70percent or more of which will pass through a sieve having 200 meshes perlinear inch; the particles of which when wetted and dried will not cohere toform a cake which will not be dispersed into separate particles by a lightblast of air; and which does not contain more than 5 percent combustiblematter or more than a total of 4 percent free and combined silica (SiO 2),or, where the Secretary finds that such silica concentrations are notavailable, which does not contain more than 5 percent of free andcombined silica.Shot Firer: Means a properly certified person designated by the mineforeman to perform the function as required in this article in connectionwith breaking down coal or rock.Substation: An electrical installation containing generation or powerconversion equipment and associated electric equipment and parts, suchas switchboards, switches, wiring, fuses, circuit breakers, compensators,and transformers.Undercast: Is an enclosed structure that permits one air current to passunder another. They allow for uninterrupted flow of air and eliminates theneed for doors.Overcast and undercast shall be constructed tightly of incombustiblematerial; they shall be of ample area to pass the required quantity of airand shall be kept clear of obstructions.Worked-out area: An area where mining has been completed, whetherpillared or nonpillared, excluding developing entries, return air courses,and intake air courses.Working face: Any place in a coal mine in which work of extracting coalfrom its natural deposit in the earth is performed during the mining cycle.Working place: The area of a coal mine inby the last open crosscut.Working section: All areas of the coal mine from the loading point of thesection to and including the working faces.Page 6 of 56

EXAMINATIONSWeekly– (b) Hazardous conditions. At least every 7 days, an examination forhazardous conditions at the following locations shall be made by acertified person designated by the operator:(5) In each escapeway so that the entire escapeway is traveled.(c) Measurements and tests. At least every 7 days, a certified personshall—(1) Determine the volume of air entering the main intakes and ineach intake split;(2) Determine the volume of air and test for methane in the lastopen crosscut in any pair or set of developing entries or rooms, inthe return of each split of air immediately before it enters the mainreturns, and where the air leaves the main returns; and(3) Test for methane in the return entry nearest each set of sealsimmediately after the air passes the seals.– (h) Recordkeeping. At the completion of any shift during which aportion of a weekly examination is conducted, a record of the results ofeach weekly examination, including a record of hazardous conditionsfound during each examination and their locations, the correctiveaction taken, and the results and location of air and methanemeasurements, shall be made. The results of methane tests shall berecorded as the percentage of methane measured by the examiner.The record shall be made by the person making the examination or aperson designated by the operator. If made by a person other than theexaminer, the examiner shall verify the record by the initials and dateby or at the end of the shift for which the examination was made. Therecord shall be countersigned by the mine foreman or equivalent mineofficial by the end of the mine foreman's or equivalent mine official'snext regularly scheduled working shift. The records required by thissection shall be made in a secure book that is not susceptible toalteration or electronically in a computer system so as to be secure andnot susceptible to alteration.Page 7 of 56

EXAMINATIONSOn-shift– (d)(1) A qualified person shall make tests for methane–– (i) At the start of each shift at each working place beforeelectrically operated equipment is energized; and– (ii) Immediately before equipment is energized, taken into, oroperated in a working place; and– (iii) At 20-minute intervals, or more often if required in theapproved ventilation plan at specific locations, during theoperation of equipment in the working place.SMOKING PROHIBITIONNo person shall smoke, carry smoking materials, matches, or lightersunderground, or smoke in or around oil houses, explosives magazines,or other surface areas where such practice may cause a fire orexplosion. The operator shall institute a program, approved by theSecretary, to insure that any person entering the underground area ofthe mine does not carry smoking materials, matches, or lighters.FIRE PROTECTION– RequirementsEach coal mine shall be provided with suitable firefightingequipment adapted for the size and conditions of the mine. TheSecretary shall establish minimum requirements of the type,quality, and quantity of such equipment.– Type and quality of firefighting equipment.Firefighting equipment required under this subpart shall meet thefollowing minimum requirements:(a) Waterlines: Waterlines shall be capable of delivering 50 gallonsof water a minute at a nozzle pressure of 50 pounds per squareinch.Page 8 of 56

ESCAPEWAYS(a) Except in situations addressed in §75.381, §75.385and §75.386, atleast two separate and distinct travelable passageways shall bedesignated as escapeways and shall meet the requirements of thissection.(b) (1) Escapeways shall be provided from each working section, andeach area where mechanized mining equipment is being installed orremoved, continuous to the surface escape drift opening or continuousto the escape shaft or slope facilities to the surface.– (2) During equipment installation, these escapeways shall begin atthe projected location for the section loading point. Duringequipment removal, they shall begin at the location of the lastloading point.(c) The two separate and distinct escapeways required by this sectionshall not end at a common shaft, slope, or drift opening, except thatmultiple compartment shafts or slopes separated by walls constructedof noncombustible material may be used as separate and distinctpassageways.(d) Each escapeway shall be—– (1) Maintained in a safe condition to always assure passage ofanyone, including disabled persons;– (2) Clearly marked to show the route and direction of travel to thesurface;– (3) Maintained to at least a height of 5 feet from the mine floor tothe mine roof, excluding the thickness of any roof support, exceptthat the escapeways shall be maintained to at least the height ofthe coalbed, excluding the thickness of any roof support, wherethe coalbed is less than 5 feet. In areas of mines whereescapeways pass through doors, the height may be less than 5feet, provided that sufficient height is maintained to enableminers, including disabled persons, to escape quickly in anemergency. In areas of mines developed before November 16,1992, where escapeways pass over or under overcasts orundercasts, the height may be less than 5 feet provided thatsufficient height is maintained to enable miners, includingdisabled persons, to escape quickly in an emergency. When thereis a need to determine whether sufficient height is provided,MSHA may require a stretcher test where 4 persons carry a minerthrough the area in question on a stretcher;Page 9 of 56

– (4) Maintained at least 6 feet wide except—(i) Where necessary supplemental roof support is installed,the escapeway shall not be less than 4 feet wide; or(ii) Where the route of travel passes through doors or otherpermanent ventilation controls, the escapeway shall be atleast 4 feet wide to enable miners to escape quickly in anemergency, or(iii) Where the alternate escapeway passes through doors orother permanent ventilation controls or where supplementalroof support is required and sufficient width is maintained toenable miners, including disabled persons, to escape quicklyin an emergency. When there is a need to determine whethersufficient width is provided, MSHA may require a stretchertest where 4 persons carry a miner through the area inquestion on a stretcher, or(iv) Where mobile equipment near working sections, andother equipment essential to the ongoing operation oflongwall sections, is necessary during normal miningoperations, such as material cars containing rock dust orroof control supplies, or is to be used for the evacuation ofminers off the section in the event of an emergency. In anyinstance, escapeways shall be of sufficient width to enableminers, including disabled persons, to escape quickly in anemergency. When there is a need to determine whethersufficient width is provided, MSHA may require a stretchertest where 4 persons carry a miner through the area inquestion on a stretcher;– (5) Located to follow the most direct, safe and practical route tothe nearest mine opening suitable for the safe evacuation ofminers; and– (6) Provided with ladders, stairways, ramps, or similar facilitieswhere the escapeways cross over obstructions.– (7) Provided with a continuous, durable directional lifeline orequivalent device that shall be—(i) Installed and maintained throughout the entire length ofeach escapeway as defined in paragraph (b)(1) of thissection;(ii) Flame-resistant in accordance with the requirements ofpart 18 of this chapter upon replacement of existing lifelines;but in no case later than June 15, 2009;Page 10 of 56

(iii) Marked with a reflective material every 25 feet;(iv) Located in such a manner for miners to use effectively toescape;(v) Equipped with one directional indicator cone securelyattached to the lifeline, signifying the route of escape, placedat intervals not exceeding 100 feet. Cones shall be installedso that the tapered section points inby;(vi) Equipped with one sphere securely attached to thelifeline at each intersection where personnel doors areinstalled in adjacent crosscuts;(vii) Equipped with two securely attached cones, installedconsecutively with the tapered section pointing inby, tosignify an attached branch line is immediately ahead. (A) Abranch line leading from the lifeline to an SCSR cache will bemarked with four cones with the base sections in contact toform two diamond shapes. The cones must be placed withinreach of the lifeline. (B) A branch line leading from the lifelineto a refuge alternative will be marked with a rigid spiraledcoil at least eight inches in length. The spiraled coil must beplaced within reach of the lifeline (see Illustration 1 nextpage).(e) Surface openings shall be adequately protected to prevent surfacefires, fumes, smoke, and flood water from entering the mine.(f) Primary escapeway. (1) One escapeway that is ventilated with intakeair shall be designated as the primary escapeway. The primaryPage 11 of 56

escapeway shall have a higher ventilation pressure than the belt entryunless the mine operator submits an alternative in the mine ventilationplan to protect the integrity of the primary escapeway, based on minespecific conditions, which is approved by the district manager.– (2) Paragraphs (f)(3) through (f)(7) of this section apply as follows:(i) To all areas of a primary escapeway developed on or afterNovember 16, 1992;(ii) Effective as of June 10, 1997, to all areas of a primaryescapeway developed between March 30, 1970 andNovember 16, 1992; and(iii) Effective as of March 11, 1997, to all areas of the primaryescapeway developed prior to March 30, 1970 whereseparation of the belt and trolley haulage entries from theprimary escapeway existed prior to November 16, 1992.– (3) The following equipment is not permitted in the primaryescapeway:(i) Mobile equipment hauling coal except for hauling coalincidental to cleanup or maintenance of the primaryescapeway.(ii) Compressors, except—o (A) Compressors necessary to maintain the escapewayin safe, travelable condition;o (B) Compressors that are components of equipmentsuch as locomotives and rock dusting machines; ando (C) Compressors of less than five horsepower.(iii) Underground transformer stations, battery chargingstations, substations, and rectifiers excepto (A) Where necessary to maintain the escapeway insafe, travelable condition; ando (B) Battery charging stations and rectifiers and powercenters with transformers that are either dry-type orcontain nonflammable liquid, provided they are locatedon or near a working section and are moved as thesection advances or retreats.(iv) Water pumps, except—o (A) Water pumps necessary to maintain the escapewayin safe, travelable condition;o (B) Submersible pumps;o (C) Permissible pumps and associated permissibleswitchgear;Page 12 of 56

o (D) Pumps located on or near a working section thatare moved as the section advances or retreats;o (E) Pumps installed in anthracite mines; ando (F) Small portable pumps.– (4)Mobile equipment operated in the primary escapeway, exceptfor continuous miners and as provided in paragraphs (f)(5), (f)(6),and (f)(7) of this section, shall be equipped with a fire suppressionsystem installed according to §§75.1107-3 through 75.1107-16that is—(i) Manually operated and attended continuously by a persontrained in the systems function and use, or(ii) A multipurpose dry chemical type capable of bothautomatic and manual activation.– (5) Personnel carriers and small mobile equipment designed andused only for carrying people and small hand tools may beoperated in primary escapeways if—(i) The equipment is provided with a multipurpose drychemical type fire suppression system capable of bothautomatic and manual activation, and the suppressionsystem is suitable for the intended application and is listed orapproved by a nationally recognized independent testinglaborato

Mine Examiner: Means a properly certified person designated by the mine foreman to examine the mine for gas and other dangers. Mine Inspector: Means the person appointed to assist in administering this article. Operator: Means an individual, firm, association, partnership or corporation operating an underground coal mine or any part thereof.

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