ANSI A10.47-2009 Work Zone Safety For Highway

ANSI A10.47- 2009Work Zone Safety for HighwayConstructionScott Schneider, CIHand Travis ParsonsLaborers’ Health and Safety Fund ofNorth America

AgendaIntroductionsHistoryOverview of the StandardMajor Issues

History of the StandardFirst proposed in 2004Intended to fill a gapFew OSHA or ANSI A10 standardsaddressed road/highway constructionOne of the few A10 “vertical” standardsto address hazards in one industrysector

Outline of the Standard1) Scope and Purpose, Exceptions,Referenced Standards2) Definitions3) Traffic Control4) Flagger Safety5) Runover/Backover Prevention6) Equipment Operator Safety7) Excavation Safety8) Electrical Safety

Outline of the Standard9) Power Tool Safety10) Fall Prevention11) Reduction of MusculoskeletalProblems12) Protection from HealthHazards13) Illumination for NightWork14) Personal ProtectiveEquipment15) Paving Operations

Scope, Purpose, ExceptionsScope: Covers workers doing construction, maintenanceor repair work on any area of a highwayPurpose: To prevent worker injuries and illnesses To establish safe work practices and To prevent vehicular crashesExceptions: Practical difficulty Unnecessary hardship New developments But must provide equivalent protection

Referenced StandardsANSI standardsFHWA standards- MUTCDASTM standardsOSHA standardsNCHRP 350ANSI standards often go beyond Federalregulations and represent best practices

Definitions41 definitions, such as Competent personsHighwayInternal Traffic Control PlansPositive Protective DevicesTransportation Management Plan

Traffic ControlMust comply with the latest MUTCDMust pre-plan the job for Safety,Materials, Staffing, Traffic controlMust prepare a traffic controlplan, communicate it to theauthority in charge beforework and when it changes

Positive ProtectionPositive Protection is required when: There is no means of escape (e.g. bridgeand tunnel work)2 weeks or longer durationHigh speed traffic ( 45 mph) with highvolumesWorkers working close to thetraffic lane

Traffic Control Setup/RemovalRequires proper training and supervisionUse automatic deployment devices where feasible or protected area ofa vehicle with fall restraintDeploy and retrieve in a safe directionAdd a Truck Mounted Attenuator or law enforcement if high speedtrafficInspect setup: Daily by a qualified person More often if heavy traffic, frequent damage, poor visibility, badweather or vehicle intrusionRemove or cover signs when not workingDistinguish Construction vehicles with lighting and signage for workzone accessClose traffic lane when working in aerial lifts over a traffic lane orshoulder

Speed ManagementReduce speeds when needed by use of: Reduced speed limitsSpeed advisoriesIncreased finesPhotoenforcement (where allowed)Speed displaysLaw enforcementPortable Changing Message Signs (PCMS)

Flagger SafetyUse flaggers only when other means of slowingtraffic are infeasiblePosition flaggers in the safest location, facing traffic, in a closed lane or on shoulder and only in an open lane once traffic has stoppedSingle flaggers are only allowed on the shoulder when there isgood visibilityUse more than one flagger if low visibilityIf exposure to traffic cannot be minimize Give visual warnings of the flagger Use Jersey barriers, spotters and/or visual assistance devices(such as hardhat mirrors)

Flagger Safety 2Wear Class 2 clothing during the day and Class 3 clothingat nightIlluminate flagger stations at nightProvide an escape planFlaggers must be provided with adequate breaks,replacement flaggersFlaggers must use stop/slow paddles and only use flags inemergency situationsTraffic control devices must conform to the latest MUTCDTraffic signals should not be in conflict with flagger signals

Flagger TrainingFlaggers must be trained on: Communication skills Escape procedures Using signaling devices Traffic control procedures Recognizing dangerous situations Emergency response Personal protective equipment Other worksite conditionsEmployer must keep training records for at least a year

Flagger Safety cont.Flaggers must use two way radios when visual/audiocontact between flaggers is not possibleAutomated Flagger Assistance Devices (AFADs)should be used only when 1 lane of approachingtraffic and must be illuminated at nightFlaggers must not respond to or retaliate againstfrustrated motorists. They should notify theirsupervisorIntrusion warning devices should be used

Runover/Backover PreventionMirrors must be working properlyWorkers must be protected from traffic by Jerseybarriers, spotters and other assistive devicesWorkers must not stand or walk on the side of araised dump bodyBack up alarms must be supplemented withmechanical backing assistance devicesBackup alarms must be supplemented by visualalarms at nightIf not feasible, then spotters must be used

SpottersSpotters must be: TrainedNot stand in the pathof equipmentRemain in the driver’ssightTrain drivers to stop ifthey can’t see the spotterWear high visibilityclothing

Internal Traffic Control PlansInternal Traffic Control Plans must be developed They must be communicated to all workers and vehicleoperators They can only be modified by the supervisor orsafety person Everyone must be notified of any changes They must include: Diagram List of equipment and personnel Hazard checklist Safety notes Communication plan

Worker Access-EgressSite-specific plan for worker accessegress required to cover Parking Sanitation Breaks Paths to minimizepedestrian exposureto vehicles

Equipment Operator Safety Equipment must be inspected and defects correctedprior to useEquipment must be locked and tagged out formaintenance and repair work as required by A10.44Rollover Protection and Seatbelts are required on mostconstruction vehiclesSeatbelts must be worn during operationSeatbelts and their anchor points must be inspectedOperators must be qualified for the type and size ofequipment they will be operatingNo riders are allowed unless equipment is designed formultiple occupancy

Electrical SafetyUnderground UtilitiesDetermine the location of utilities beforework starts (e.g. 811)Maintain markings until work is completeUse hand digging, vacuum excavation, etc.when close to determine exact locationExcavations must be protected during theoperation from workers and the public

Electrical SafetyOverhead Power lines De-energize overhead lines and transmission towerswhenever possible prior to workTreat them as energized unless written verification fromowner/utilityDaily briefing before work beginsContact owner/utility before work beginsMinimum clearance distances specified, increased inwind/rain/fog Accurate measuring devices required Proximity alarms, boom guards, insulating links shouldbe usedQualified spotters required for work near energized lines

Overhead Lines cont. Keep all workers away from high reachingequipment until operator/qualified persondetermines it is safeAvoid using tag lines or use non-conductive onesDo not store materials or equipment near powerlinesPlan the job to avoid powerlinesPlan, mark and inspect travel routes for highreaching equipment Tie down equipment during transport Do not move haul or dump trucks with the boxraised without a spotter

Fall Prevention Slips and Trips- Provide clear pedestrian walkways,working/walking surfacesHeights- Use guardrails, where feasible, and fall protection(A10.32) above 6 feetFloor openings- Keep them covered, secured and designedfor twice expected weight Inspected by qualified person Follow A10.32 fall protection if cannot be coveredEquipment access-egress- Provide safe access ladders, free ofdebrisLadders- Keep in good working order, train workers, require 3point contact, follow OSHA subpart X and ANSI A10.14Scaffolds- Follow A10.8Excavations- Ensure all workers are protected from falls intoexcavations, guard crosswalks over 6 ft with guardrails

Health Hazards Hazards covered include, but not limitedto: Heat/cold Noise Airborne hazards (silica, lead, etc.) Dermal (cement) Chemicals Sunlight/Solar radiation Lack of sleepControl hazards using the hierarchy of controlsengineering controls, then administrative controls andlastly PPE

Illumination/Night Work Night projects require an illumination plan todescribe lighting locations, illumination levels, lightand power sources, glare controlIllumination levels and uniformity set for differenttasksDiscontinue work if lighting fails,except in emergenciesVehicles lights must be in good order,supplementedGlare must be minimized, e.g.with balloon lights

Personal Protective Equipment High visibility clothing- Follow MUTCDHead protection- Follow ANSI Z89.1- Class C, E, GhelmetsEye/Face Protection- Follow ANSI E87.1, OSHA 1926.95Hearing Protection- Follow ANSI A10.46, Use engineeringcontrols firstWeather protection- Should wear appropriate clothingGloves- Use when neededRespirators- Required when needed, Requires RespiratoryProtection Program as in 1910.134 and ANSI Z 88.6Footwear- Follow ASTM F2413, Sandals and Athleticfootware prohibited

Other RequirementsPower tools Guarding and grounding (GFCIs) required Gloves required to meet ANSI S3.40 forreduced vibrationMusculoskeletal Problems- Follow A10.40Excavation Safety- Follow A10.12Paving Operations- Follow ANSI A10.17

Questions?

Follow A10.32 fall protection if cannot be covered Equipment access-egress- Provide safe access ladders, free of debris Ladders- Keep in good working order, train workers, require 3 point contact, follow OSHA subpart X and ANSI A10.14 Scaffolds- Follow A10.8 Exca