NIH Consensus Development Conference On Acupuncture
NIH Consensus DevelopmentConference on AcupunctureNovember 3-5, 1997William H. Natcher Conference CenterNational Institutes of HealthBethesda, MarylandSponsored by:Office of Alternative Medicine Office of Medical Applications of ResearchCosponsored by:National Cancer Institute National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Institute ofAllergy and Infectious Diseases National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and SkinDiseases National Institute of Dental Research National Institute on Drug Abuse Office ofResearch on Women’s Health
ContentsIntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Agenda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Panel Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Speakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Planning Committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Abstracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17I. Introduction: History and Status of Acupuncture TreatmentWhat Is Acupuncture?Lorenz K.Y. Ng, M.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Acupuncture: History, Context, and Long-Term PerspectivesTed J. Kaptchuk, O.M.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Acupuncture Licensure, Training, and Certification in the United StatesKevin V. Ergil, M.A., M.S., L.Ac. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Current Utilization of Acupuncture by United States PatientsPatricia D. Culliton, M.A., Dipl.Ac, L.Ac. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39II. Issues Affecting Incorporation of Acupuncture Into Today’s Health Care SystemMethodological and Ethical Issues in Acupuncture ResearchRichard Hammerschlag, Ph.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Safety and Regulation of Acupuncture Needles and Other DevicesC. David Lytle, Ph.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51III. Efficacy of Acupuncture in Treating Various ConditionsAcupuncture Activates Endogenous Systems of AnalgesiaJi-Sheng Han, M.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Overview of Clinical Trials on Acupuncture for PainBrian M. Berman, M.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61iii
Efficacy of Acupuncture in Treating Low Back Pain: A Systematic Reviewof the LiteratureDaniel C. Cherkin, Ph.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Overview of the Efficacy of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Headache andFace and Neck PainStephen Birch, L.Ac., Ph.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Efficacy of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal PainGary Kaplan, D.O. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Dental and Postoperative PainLixing Lao, Ph.D., L.Ac. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77Neuropathic PainJudith C. Shlay, M.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83The Role of Physiologic Imaging in the Investigation of the Effects of Painand Acupuncture on Regional Cerebral FunctionAbass Alavi, M.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Summary of Acupuncture and PainBruce Pomeranz, M.D., Ph.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87Nausea and VomitingAndrew Parfitt, Ph.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91Neurological Rehabilitation: Acupuncture and Laser Acupuncture To Treat Paralysisin Stroke and Other Paralytic Conditions and Pain in Carpal Tunnel SyndromeMargaret A. Naeser, Ph.D., Lic.Ac., Dipl.Ac. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93Acupuncture and AddictionsJanet Konefal, Ph.D., Ed.D., M.P.H., C.A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111Gastrointestinal IndicationsDavid L. Diehl, M.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119Induction of Ovulation With AcupunctureJin Yu, M.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123iv
IV. New Horizons for AcupunctureProtective Effect of Acupuncture on ImmunosuppressionXiaoding Cao, M.D., Ph.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129Late-Breaking Data and Other News from the Clinical ResearchSymposium (CRS) on Acupuncture at NIHHannah V. Bradford, M.Ac. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135American Acupuncture: Primary Care, Public Health, and PolicyAlan I. Trachtenberg, M.D., M.P.H. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137v
IntroductionAcupuncture is a family of procedures involving penetration of specific superficialanatomic locations on the skin called acupuncture points by thin, solid, generally metallic needles.Closely related to and often practiced with acupuncture is moxibustion, the local and focusedapplication of heat to acupuncture points using a compressed, powdered combustible substance(moxa), which is burned at or near the points to be stimulated. Acupuncture and moxibustion arethe two best-known aspects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the United States and areused by many Americans.There are a variety of approaches to functional diagnosis and treatment in Americanacupuncture that incorporate medical traditions from China, Japan, Korea, France, and othercountries. Because an acupuncture treatment is a procedure like a psychotherapy session orsurgery (rather than a drug), it has been difficult to study using the gold standard of randomizeddouble-blind trials. Nevertheless, acupuncture is used by millions of American patients andperformed by thousands of physicians, dentists, master’s degree-level acupuncturists, and otherpractitioners for relief or prevention of pain and for a variety of health problems. The Food andDrug Administration, after years of deliberation, recently removed acupuncture needles from thecategory of “experimental medical devices” and now regulates them just as it does other devices,such as surgical scalpels and hypodermic syringes, under good manufacturing practices andsingle-use standards of sterility.Over the years, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) has funded a variety of researchon acupuncture, including studies on the mechanisms by which acupuncture may have its effectsas well as clinical trials and other studies. There is also a considerable body of internationalliterature on the risks and benefits of acupuncture, and the World Health Organization lists avariety of medical conditions that may benefit from the use of acupuncture and/or moxibustion.Such applications may include prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting; treatment ofpain and addictions to alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs; prevention of pulmonary problems suchas asthma and bronchitis; and rehabilitation from neurological damage such as that caused bystroke.To address the most important issues regarding the American use of acupuncture, NIHhas organized this 21 /2 -day conference to evaluate the scientific and medical data on the uses,risks, and benefits of acupuncture procedures for a variety of conditions. The conference willbring together national and international experts in the fields of acupuncture, pain, psychology,psychiatry, physical medicine and rehabilitation, drug abuse, family practice, internal medicine,health policy, epidemiology, statistics, physiology, and biophysics, as well as representativesfrom the public.After l1 /2 days of presentations and audience discussion, an independent, non-Federalconsensus panel chaired by Dr. David J. Ramsay, president of the University of Maryland1
Medical Center, will weigh the scientific evidence and write a draft statement that will bepresented to the audience on the third day. The consensus statement will address the followingkey questions: What is the efficacy of acupuncture, compared with placebo or sham acupuncture, inthe conditions for which sufficient data are available to evaluate? What is the place of acupuncture in the treatment of various conditions for whichsufficient data are available, in comparison or in combination with other interventions(including no intervention)? What is known about the biological effects of acupuncture that helps us understandhow it works? What issues need to be addressed so that acupuncture can be appropriatelyincorporated into today's health care system? What are the directions for future research?On the final day of the meeting, the conference chairperson, Dr. David J. Ramsay, willread the draft statement to the conference audience and invite comments and questions. A pressconference will follow to allow the panel and chairperson to respond to questions from mediarepresentatives.General InformationConference sessions will be held in the Natcher Conference Center, National Institutes ofHealth, Bethesda, Maryland. Sessions will run from 8:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. on Monday, from8:00 a.m. to 12:45 p.m. on Tuesday, and from 9:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. on Wednesday. Thetelephone number for the message center is (301) 496-9966. The fax number is (301) 480-5982.CafeteriaThe cafeteria in the Natcher Conference Center is located one floor above the auditoriumon the main floor of the building. It is open from 7:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m., serving breakfast andlunch.2
Continuing Education CreditAmerican Medical AssociationThe NIH/FAES is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing MedicalEducation to sponsor continuing medical education for physicians.The NIH/FAES designates this continuing medical education activity for a maximum of 14credit hours in Category I of the Physician’s Recognition Award of the American MedicalAssociation. Each physician should claim only those hours of credit that he/she actually spent inthe educational activity.American Academy of Family PhysiciansAn application has been filed with the American Academy of Family Physicians forcontinuing education credits for this conference.SponsorsThe primary sponsors of this conference are the NIH Office of Alternative Medicine andthe NIH Office of Medical Applications of Research. The conference is cosponsored by theNational Cancer Institute; the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; the National Institute ofAllergy and Infectious Diseases; the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and SkinDiseases; the National Institute of Dental Research; the National Institute on Drug Abuse; andthe Office of Research on Women’s Health of the National Institutes of Health.3
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AgendaMonday, November 3, 19978:30 a.m.WelcomeWayne B. Jonas, M.D., Director, Office of Alternative MedicineCharge to the PanelJohn H. Ferguson, M.D., Director, Office of the Medical Applications ofResearchPanel Chair RemarksDavid J. Ramsay, D.M., D.Phil., President, University of MarylandMedical CenterI. Introduction: History and Status of Acupuncture Treatment9:00 a.m.What Is Acupuncture?Lorenz K.Y. Ng, M.D., National Rehabilitation Hospital9:20 a.m.Acupuncture: History, Context, and Long-Term PerspectivesTed J. Kaptchuk, O.M.D., Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center9:40 a.m.Acupuncture Around the World in Modern Medical PracticeJoseph M. Helms, M.D., American Academy of Medical Acupuncture10:00 a.m.Acupuncture Licensure, Training, and Certification in the United StatesKevin V. Ergil, M.A., M.S., L.Ac., Pacific Institute of Oriental Medicine10:20 a.m.Current Utilization of Acupuncture by United States PatientsPatricia D. Culliton, M.A., Dipl.Ac., L.Ac., Hennepin County MedicalCenter10:40 a.m.DiscussionII. Issues Affecting Incorporation of Acupuncture Into Today’s Health Care System11:15 a.m.Methodological and Ethical Issues in Acupuncture ResearchRichard Hammerschlag, Ph.D., Yo San University of TraditionalChinese Medicine5
Monday, November 3, 1997 (continued)11:40 a.m.Safety and Regulation of Acupuncture Needles and Other DevicesC. David Lytle, Ph.D., U.S. Food and Drug Administration11:55 a.m.Discussion12:30 p.m.LunchIII. Efficacy of Acupuncture in Treating Various Conditions1:30 p.m.Acupuncture Activates Endogenous Systems of AnalgesiaJi-Sheng Han, M.D., Beijing Medical University1:50 p.m.Overview of Clinical Trials on Acupuncture for PainBrian M. Berman, M.D., University of Maryland School of Medicine2:10 p.m.Efficacy of Acupuncture in Treating Low Back Pain: A Systematic Reviewof the LiteratureDaniel C. Cherkin, Ph.D., Group Health Center for Health Studies2:30 p.m.Overview of the Efficacy of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Headacheand Face and Neck PainStephen Birch, L.Ac., Ph.D., Anglo-Dutch Institute for OrientalMedicine2:45 p.m.Efficacy of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis andMusculoskeletal PainGary Kaplan, D.O., Medical Acupuncture Research Foundation3:00 p.m.Discussion3:30 p.m.Dental and Postoperative PainLixing Lao, Ph.D., L.Ac., University of Maryland School of Medicine3:45 p.m.Neuropathic PainJudith C. Shlay, M.D., Denver Public Health4:00 p.m.The Role of Physiologic Imaging in the Investigation of the Effects of Painand Acupuncture on Regional Cerebral FunctionAbass Alavi, M.D., Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania6
4:15 p.m.Summary of Acupuncture and PainBruce Pomeranz, M.D., Ph.D., University of Toronto4:35 p.m.Discussion5:00 p.m.Adjournment Until TuesdayTuesday, November 4, 19978:00 a.m.Nausea and VomitingAndrew Parfitt, Ph.D., National Institute of Child Health and HumanDevelopment8:20 a.m.Neurological Rehabilitation: Acupuncture and Laser Acupuncture ToTreat Paralysis in Stroke and Other Paralytic Conditions and Pain in CarpalTunnel SyndromeMargaret A. Naeser, Ph.D., Lic.Ac., Dipl.Ac., Boston University Schoolof Medicine8:40 a.m.Acupuncture and AddictionsJanet Konefal, Ph.D., Ed.D., M.P.H., C.A., University of Miami Schoolof Medicine9:00 a.m.Discussion9:30 a.m.Respiratory IndicationsKim A. Jobst, D.M., M.R.C.P., Gardiner Institute9:50 a.m.Gastrointestinal IndicationsDavid L. Diehl, M.D., University of California, Los Angeles10:10 a.m.Induction of Ovulation With AcupunctureJin Yu, M.D., Shanghai Medical University10:35 a.m.DiscussionIV. New Horizons for Acupuncture11:05 a.m.Protective Effect of Acupuncture on ImmunosuppressionXiao-Ding Cao, M.D., Ph.D., Shanghai Medical University7
11:30 a.m.Late-Breaking Data and Other News from the Clinical ResearchSymposium (CRS) on Acupuncture at NIHHannah V. Bradford, M.Ac., Society for Acupuncture Research11:50 a.m.American Acupuncture: Primary Care, Public Health, and PolicyAlan I. Trachtenberg, M.D., M.P.H., National Institute on Drug Abuse12:10 p.m.Discussion12:45 p.m.Adjournment Until WednesdayWednesday, November 5, 19979:00 a.m.Presentation of the Consensus Statement9:30 a.m.Public Discussion11:00 a.m.Panel Meets in Executive SessionPress Conference2:00 p.m.Adjournment81:00 p.m.
Panel MembersPanel Chair:David J. Ramsay, D.M., D.Phil.PresidentUniversity of Maryland, BaltimoreBaltimore, MarylandMarjorie A. Bowman, M.D., M.P.A.Professor and ChairDepartment of Family Practice andCommunity MedicineUniversity of Pennsylvania Health SystemPhiladelphia, PennsylvaniaHoward Fields, M.D., Ph.D.Professor of Neurology and PhysiologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan Francisco, CaliforniaPhilip E. Greenman, D.O., F.A.A.O.Associate DeanMichigan State UniversityCollege of Osteopathic MedicineEast Lansing, MichiganStephen P. Jiang, A.C.S.W.Executive DirectorAssociation of Asian Pacific CommunityHealth OrganizationsOakland, CaliforniaLawrence H. Kushi, Sc.D.Associate ProfessorDivision of EpidemiologyUniversity of Minnesota School of PublicHealthMinneapolis, MinnesotaPhilip R. Lee, M.D.Professor EmeritusSenior AdvisorInstitute for Health Policy StudiesUniversity of California, San FranciscoSchool of MedicineSan Francisco, CaliforniaSusan Leeman, Ph.D.ProfessorDepartment of PharmacologyBoston University School of MedicineBoston, MassachusettsKeh-Ming Lin, M.D., M.P.H.Professor and DirectorHarbor-UCLA Medical CenterTorrance, CaliforniaDaniel E. Moerman, Ph.D.William E. Stirton Professor ofAnthropologyUniversity of Michigan, DearbornYpsilanti, MichiganJorge Rios, M.D.Professor of MedicineDirector of International HealthcareConsulting GroupGeorge Washington University MedicalCenterWashington, DC9
Sidney H. Schnoll, M.D., Ph.D.ChairmanDivision of Substance Abuse MedicineProfessor of Internal Medicine andPsychiatryMedical College of VirginiaRichmond, VirginiaMarcellus Walker, M.D.Honesdale, Pennsylvania10Christine Waternaux, Ph.D.Associate Professor and ChiefBiostatistics DivisionColumbia University and New York StatePsychiatric InstituteNew York, New YorkLeonard A. Wisneski, M.D., F.A.C.P.Medical Director, Bethesda CenterAmerican Whole HealthBethesda, Maryland
SpeakersAbass Alavi, M.D.Professor of RadiologyChief, Division of Nuclear MedicineHospital of the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PennsylvaniaDavid L. Diehl, M.D.Assistant Professor of MedicineUCLA Digestive Disease CenterUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos Angeles, CaliforniaBrian M. Berman, M.D.Associate Professor of Family MedicineDirector, Center for Complementary MedicineUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimore, MarylandKevin V. Ergil, M.A., M.S., L.Ac.DeanPacific Institute of Oriental MedicineNew York, New YorkStephen Birch, Lic.Ac., Ph.D.Anglo-Dutch Institute for Oriental MedicineUjmuiden, THE NETHERLANDSHannah V. Bradford, M.Ac.AcupuncturistSociety for Acupuncture ResearchBethesda, MarylandXiaoding Cao, M.D., Ph.D.Professor and DirectorInstitute of Acupuncture ResearchShanghai Medical UniversityShanghai, CHINADaniel C. Cherkin, Ph.D.Senior Scientific InvestigatorGroup Health Center for Health StudiesSeattle, WashingtonPatricia D. Culliton, M.A., Dipl.Ac., L.Ac.DirectorAlternative Medicine DivisionHennepin County Medical CenterMinneapolis, MinnesotaRichard Hammerschlag, Ph.D.Academic Dean and Research DirectorYo San University of TraditionalChinese MedicineSanta Monica, CaliforniaJi-Sheng Han, M.D.ProfessorNeuroscience Research CenterBeijing Medical UniversityBeijing, CHINAJoseph M. Helms, M.D.Founding PresidentAmerican Academy ofMedical AcupunctureBerkeley, CaliforniaKim A. Jobst, D.M., M.R.C.P.University Department of Medicine andTherapeuticsGardiner InstituteGlasgow, Scotland, UNITED KINGDOMGary Kaplan, D.O.PresidentMedical Acupuncture Research FoundationArlington, Virginia11
Ted J. Kaptchuk, O.M.D.Instructor in MedicineCenter for Alternative Medicine ResearchBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBoston, MassachusettsJanet Konefal, Ph.D., Ed.D., M.P.H., C.A.Associate ProfessorDepartment of Psychiatry and BehavioralSciencesUniversity of Miami School of MedicineMiami, FloridaLixing Lao, Ph.D., L.Ac.Assistant Professor of Family MedicineDepartment of Family Medicine andComplementary MedicineUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimore, MarylandC. David Lytle, Ph.D.Research BiophysicistCenter for Devices and Radiological HealthU.S. Food and Drug AdministrationRockville, MarylandMargaret A. Naeser, Ph.D., Lic.Ac., Dipl.Ac.Research Professor of NeurologyBoston University School of Medicine andVeterans Affairs Medical CenterNeuroimaging SectionBoston University Aphasia Research CenterVeterans Affairs Medical CenterBoston, MassachusettsLorenz K.Y. Ng, M.D.Clinical Professor of NeurologyGeorge Washington UniversitySchool of MedicineMedical DirectorPain Management ProgramNational Rehabilitation HospitalBethesda, Maryland12Andrew Parfitt, Ph.D.ResearcherLaboratory of Developmental NeurobiologyNational Institute of Child Health and HumanDevelopmentNational Institutes of HealthBethesda, MarylandBruce Pomeranz, M.D., Ph.D.ProfessorDepartments of Zoology and PhysiologyUniversity of TorontoToronto, Ontario, CANADAJudith C. Shlay, M.D.Assistant Professor in Family MedicineDenver Public HealthDenver, ColoradoAlan I. Trachtenberg, M.D., M.P.H.Medical OfficerOffice of Science Policy and CommunicationNational Institute on Drug AbuseNational Institutes of HealthRockville, MarylandJin Yu, M.D.Professor of Obstetrics and GynecologyObstetrical and Gynecological HospitalShanghai Medical UniversityShanghai, CHINA
Planning CommitteeChairperson: Alan I. Trachtenberg, M.D., M.P.H.Medical OfficerOffice of Science Policy and CommunicationNational Institute on Drug AbuseNational Institutes of HealthRockville, MarylandBrian M. Berman, M.D.Associate Professor of Family MedicineDirectorCenter for Complementary MedicineUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimore, MarylandHannah V. Bradford, M.Ac.AcupuncturistSociety for Acupuncture ResearchBethesda, MarylandElsa BrayProgram AnalystOffice of Medical Applications of ResearchNational Institutes of HealthBethesda, MarylandJerry M. ElliottProgram Management and Analysis OfficerOffice of Medical Applications of ResearchNational Institutes of HealthBethesda, MarylandPatricia Bryant, Ph.D.DirectorBehavior, Pain, Oral Functionand Epidemiology ProgramDivision of Extramural ResearchNational Institute of Dental ResearchNational Institutes of HealthBethesda, MarylandClaire M. Cassidy, Ph.D.DirectorParadigms Found ConsultingBethesda, MarylandJerry Cott, Ph.D.HeadPharmacology Treatment ProgramNational Institute of Mental HealthNational Institutes of HealthRockville, MarylandGeorge W. Counts, M.D.DirectorOffice of Research on Minorityand Women's HealthNational Institute of Allergyand Infectious DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthBethesda, MarylandPatricia D. Culliton, M.A., Dipl.Ac., L.Ac.DirectorAlternative Medicine DivisionHennepin County Medical CenterMinneapolis, MinnesotaJohn H. Ferguson, M.D.DirectorOffice of Medical Applications of ResearchNational Institutes of HealthBethesda, Maryland13
Anita Greene, M.A.Public Affairs Program OfficerOffice of Alternative MedicineNational Institutes of HealthBethesda, MarylandCarol Kari, R.N., L.Ac., M.Ac.Licensed AcupuncturistMaryland Acupuncture Societyand National AllianceKensington, MarylandDebra S. Grossman, M.A.Program OfficerTreatment Research BranchDivision of Clinical and Services ResearchNational Institute on Drug AbuseNational Institutes of HealthRockville, MarylandSister Charlotte R. Kerr, R.N., M.P.H.,M.Ac.Practitioner of Traditional AcupunctureInstituteThe Centre for Traditional AcupunctureColumbia, MarylandWilliam H. HallDirector of CommunicationsOffice of Medical Applications of ResearchNational Institutes of HealthBethesda, MarylandRichard Hammerschlag, Ph.D.Academic Dean and Research DirectorYo San University of TraditionalChinese MedicineSanta Monica, CaliforniaFreddie Ann Hoffman, M.D.Deputy Director, Medicine StaffOffice of Health AffairsU.S. Food and Drug AdministrationRockville, MarylandWayne B. Jonas, M.D.DirectorOffice of Alternative MedicineNational Institutes of HealthBethesda, MarylandGary Kaplan, D.O.PresidentMedical Acupuncture Research FoundationArlington, Virginia14Thomas J. Kiresuk, Ph.D.Chief, Clinical PsychologistMinneapolis Medical Research FoundationHennepin County Medical CenterMinneapolis, MinnesotaCheryl Kitt, Ph.D.Program OfficerDivision of Convulsive, Infectious andImmune DisorderNational Institute of NeurologicalDisorders and StrokeNational Institutes of HealthBethesda, MarylandJanet Konefal, Ph.D., Ed.D., M.P.H., C.A.Associate ProfessorDepartment of Psychiatry and BehavioralSciencesUniversity of Miami School of MedicineMiami, FloridaSung J. Liao, M.D., D.P.H.Clinical Professor of Surgical SciencesDep. of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryNew York University College of DentistryConsultantRust Institute of Rehabilitation MedicineNew York University College of MedicineMiddlebury, Connecticut
Michael C. Lin, Ph.D.Health Scientist AdministratorDivision of Heart and Vascular DiseasesNational Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesda, MarylandC. David Lytle, Ph.D.Research BiophysicistCenter for Devices and Radiological HealthU.S. Food and Drug AdministrationRockville, MarylandJames D. Moran, Lic.Ac., D.Ac., C.A.A.P.,C.A.S.President Emeritus and Doctor ofAcupunctureAmerican Association of Oriental MedicineThe Belchertown Wellness CenterBelchertown, MassachusettsRichard L. Nahin, Ph.D.Program Officer, Extramural AffairsOffice of Alternative MedicineNational Institutes of HealthBethesda, MarylandLorenz K.Y. Ng, M.D.Clinical Professor of NeurologyGeorge Washington UniversitySchool of MedicineMedical DirectorPain Management ProgramNational Rehabilitation HospitalBethesda, MarylandDavid J. Ramsay, D.M., D.Phil.Panel and Conference ChairpersonPresidentUniversity of Maryland, BaltimoreBaltimore, MarylandCharles R. Sherman, Ph.D.Deputy DirectorOffice of Medical Applications of ResearchNational Institutes of HealthBethesda, MarylandVirginia Taggart, M.P.H.Health Scientist AdministratorDivision of Lung DiseasesNational Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesda, MarylandXiao-Ming Tian, M.D., R.Ac.Clinical Consultant on Acupuncture for theNational Institutes of HealthDirectorAcademy of Acupuncture and ChineseMedicineBethesda, MarylandClaudette Varricchio, D.S.N.Program DirectorDivision of Cancer Prevention and ControlNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthRockville, MarylandJames Panagis, M.D.Director, Orthopaedics ProgramMusculoskeletal BranchNational Institute of Arthritis andMusculoskeletal and Skin DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthBethesda, Maryland15
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AbstractsThe following are abstracts of presentations to the NIH Consensus DevelopmentConference on Acupuncture. They are designed for the use of panelists and participants in theconference and as a reference document for anyone interested in the conference deliberations. Weare grateful to the authors, who have summarized their materials and made them available in atimely fashion. Abstracts for the following presentations do not appear:Acupuncture Around the World in Modern Medical Practice—Joseph M. Helms, M.D.Respiratory Indications—Kim A. Jobst, D.M., M.R.C.P.Alan I. Trachtenberg, M.D., M.P.H.Medical OfficerOffice of Science Policy and CommunicationNational Institute on Drug AbuseNational Institutes of HealthRockville, MarylandJerry M. ElliottProgram Management and Analysis OfficerOffice of Medical Applications of ResearchNational Institutes of HealthBethesda, Maryland17
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What Is Acupuncture?Lorenz K.Y. Ng, M.D.IntroductionTaken at face value, the question “what is acupuncture?” is deceptively simple. Theword acupuncture is derived from two Latin roots, acus, meaning “needle,” and punctura,meaning “puncturing.” Acupuncture, therefore, refers to the insertion of needles through the skininto underlying tissues at different depths and at strategic points on the body to produce adesired therapeutic effect. However, although the definition of acupuncture requires that theneedle be a necessary condition, it is not a sufficient condition, just as a scalpel does not give usan adequate definition of what surgery is. The act of puncturing with a needle to accomplish adesirable therapeutic effect cannot be separated from the context in which the needle is beingused: how the needle is being used, where in the body it is inserted, when and why. What wewill try to accomplish here in the next 2 days is to find out what is known about the biologicaleffects of acupuncture, whether it is more effective compared with placebo in certain conditions,how it can be used either by itself or adjunctively, in combination with other treatmentmodalities, and how it can be appropriately incorporated into today’s health carearmamentarium. Finally, what are the gaps in our knowledge and the directions for futureresearch?Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Scientific MedicineAcupuncture is part of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), a system of healing that isempirically derived over several millennia. Philosophically based from observations of nature,TCM views the human organism as a microcosm of the larger cosmos. As such, it is holistic andspiritualistic. The theoretical structure of TCM derives from its medieval origin and is bothcomplex and metaphorical. It is pattern oriented, and its approach qualitative and analog.Western scientific medicine, on the other hand, is mechanistic and reductionistic in its orientationand quantitative and digital in its approach (see Table 1). Historically, this paradigm shift maybe traced to the 17th century French philosopher Descartes, who split the human being into mindand body. This mind-body dualism permitted the study of the body without bothering with themind. T
Medical Center, will weigh the scientific evidence and write a draft statement that will be presented to the audience on the third day. The consensus statement will address the following key questions: What is the efficacy of acupuncture, compared with placebo or sham acupuncture, in
NIH Peer Review Author: Jaya Raman, Ph.D. Subject: NIH Peer Review Presentation Keywords: NIH Peer Review; NIH Peer Review Presentation; Scientific Review Office; NIDCR, NIH; National Instiute of Health; National Insitute of Dental and Craniofacial Research; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; NICHD;
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the Ofice of Medical Applications of Research of NIH convened a Consensus Development Conference on March 8–10, 2010. The conference was grounded in the view that a thorough evaluation of the relevant research would help pregnant women and their
RESEARCH INSTRUCTIONS FOR NIH AND OTHER PHS AGENCIES . available after announcements through the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts, a weekly electronic publication that is available on NIH’s Funding page, or additions to the NIH Grants Policy Statement, as needed. R-5.
the magazine. NIH. Medline. Plus A publication of the . Highlights. ON MARCH 14, 2017, FORMER. NIH MEDLINEPLUS. MAGAZINE COVER. celebrity and actress Kathy Bates was honored at a Washington, D.C.-based Research!America awards dinner for her advocacy on behalf of lymphedema and the research of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
and to review all NIH Toolbox measures as they relate to the needs of young children. NIH TOOLBOX APP Released in 2015, the NIH Toolbox iPad app takes advantage of portable technology and advanced software to provide users with a exible and easy-to-use NIH Toolbox test administration and data collection system. App
Feb 09, 2021 · 2016-2021 NIH. Study of early brain alterations that predict development of chronic PTSD, Xin Wang, PI 2013-2015 NIH. Longitudinal MRI Study of PTSD Development From Days to Weeks. Xin Wang, PI. 2010-2012 NIH. Emerging Research on Families and Health. Melissa Franks, PI. 2009-2011 NIH/NIA. Ha
the magazine 24 a new National library of Medicine exhibition on native peoples includes a hand-built healing totem pole. 10 2 channing o’Halloran is a happy, healthy 9-year-old, thanks to life-sav - ing research at the NiH clinical center. IFC From the FNLM Chairman: 2011 Medical Awards 2 NIH Research: The NIH Clinical Center is America’s .
Released: September 25, 2017 Revised: December 7, 2018 SBIR/STTR INSTRUCTIONS FOR NIH AND OTHER PHS AGENCIES SF424 (R&R) APPLICATION PACKAGES Guidance developed and maintained by NIH for preparing and submitting applications via Grants.gov to NIH and other PHS agencies using the SF424 (R&R)
