AMMUNITION - AUSA
AMMUNITIONThe Program Executive Office for Ammunition (PEO Ammo) has the mission tocontinue being the best provider of conventional, leap-ahead munitions, mortars,towed artillery systems and counter-improvised explosive device (IED) products byfostering innovation and diversity for thewarfighter. Project managers within thePEO include Combat Ammunition Systems, Maneuver Ammunition Systems,Joint Program Manager Towed ArtillerySystems, Close Combat Systems, Project Director Joint Services and Project DirectorJoint Products.Project Manager CombatAmmunition Systems (PM CAS)The Project Manager Combat Ammunition Systems (PM CAS) is responsible forequipping soldiers and marines with cannon-launched, indirect-fire munitions andmortar weapons systems. Organizationswithin PM CAS include Product ManagerExcalibur, Product Manager Guided Precision Munitions and Mortar Systems (PMGPM2S), Conventional Ammunition Division, Technical Management Division andBusiness Management Division.Product Manager ExcaliburThe M982 Excalibur, a 155 mm, precision-guided, artillery high-explosive projectile with extended range, has been fielded toservicemembers and successfully employedin combat operations. Excalibur couplesglobal positioning system (GPS) precisionguidance technology with an inertial measurement unit to provide accurate, firstround fire-for-effect capability in an urbansetting with accuracy better than 10 meterscircular error probable (CEP). Excalibur isapproximately 1 meter in length and weighs106 pounds. Its extended range (up to 40kilometers) and high accuracy result in increased lethality with a decrease in requiredvolume of fire per engagement. ExcaliburIncrement Ia is in full-rate production, andExcalibur Increment Ib is in engineering andmanufacturing development.hicle-mounted systems used to performmortar tactical and technical fire control forinfantry, heavy and Stryker brigade combatteams (BCTs).The APMI is a response to an OperationEnduring Freedom (OEF) operational needstatement (ONS) requiring a GPS-guided,120 mm mortar cartridge with 10 metersCEP accuracy to rapidly defeat personneltargets while minimizing collateral damage.APMI is currently compatible with U.S. dismounted 120 mm weapons and fire controlsystem, and the Stryker double-V hull mortar carrier and fire control system. It hasbeen successfully used in operations in OEF.The PGK is a GPS guidance kit with proximity and point detonating fuzing functions. It is compatible with existing high-explosive, 155 mm M549A1 and M795 cannonartillery projectiles. The PGK corrects theballistic trajectory of the projectile to reducedelivery errors and improves projectile accuracy to a range-independent accuracy ofless than 50 meters CEP. The PGK will effectively reduce target delivery error of conventional artillery munitions, reducing thenumber of projectiles required to execute afire mission. Fielding is expected in 2014.The M224A1 60 mm Mortar Weapon System is a lightweight, high-angle-of-fire,smooth-bore, manportable, muzzle-loadedmortar with weight reduced by 20 percent(44 pounds to 35.3 pounds) and reducedmaintenance requirements. The M224A1consists of an M225A1 cannon (tube),M170A1 bipod assembly, M7A1 baseplate,M8 auxiliary baseplate and the M67A1sight unit. The M224A1 fires the completefamily of 60 mm ammunition includinghigh-explosive, smoke, illumination, infrared illumination and practice cartridges.With ranges from 70 meters to 3,500 meters,the M224A1 meets lethality, range andweight requirements for light forces.The M252A1 81 mm Mortar System is asmooth-bore, muzzle-loaded weapon thatreplaced the M252 mortar. It features a highrate of fire, extended range, improvedlethality and improved overall system characteristics, reducing overall system weightby 20 percent (90.3 pounds to 70.3 pounds).The entire family of 81 mm ammunitioncan be fired by the M252A1. The M252A1consists of the M253 cannon (tube),M177A1 bipod, M3A2 baseplate and theM67A1 sight unit.The M120/M121 120 mm Battalion Mortar System is a smooth-bore, muzzle-loaded,high-angle-of-fire weapon organic to thebattalion, providing immediate long-range,lethality, illumination and smoke-screeningeffectiveness for close combat. It is usedin a ground-mounted (M120) or vehiclemounted (M121 on the M1064A3 mortarcarrier) role. It consists of the M298 barrelassembly, M191 bipod assembly, the M9A1baseplate and the M67A1 sight. The 120mm battalion mortar system providesclose-in and continuous indirect fire support to maneuver forces and can rapidlyrespond to threats.The M326 Mortar Stowage Kit (MSK) isa 120 mm mortar employment improvement. The powered device enables a 120mm mortar to be quickly put in or out of action. The M326 uses a mortar support strutProduct Manager Guided PrecisionMunitions and Mortar SystemsThe Product Manager for Guided Precision Munitions and Mortar Systems (PMGPM2S) is the life-cycle manager responsible for guided munition improvements forcannon-launched weapons (mortars and artillery), mortar weapons and mortar firecontrol systems. Assigned guided precisionmunitions include the XM1156 PrecisionGuidance Kit (PGK) and the Urgent Materiel Release (UMR) Accelerated PrecisionMortar Initiative (APMI). Mortar weaponsinclude the 60 mm, 81 mm and 120 mm systems and related equipment. Fire controlsystems include handheld devices and ve-M120/M121 120 mm Battalion Mortar SystemOctober 2012 ARMY359
Product Director Medium CaliberAmmunition (PD MC)M150/M151 MortarFire-Control SystemDismounted(MFCS-D)to hold the mortar tube, baseplate and bipod together in transport mode for ease ofdeployment. This assembly is emplaced orrecovered by a hydraulic winch with amanual backup.The M95/M96 Mortar Fire-Control System (MFCS) is a digital fire-control systemfor the vehicle-mounted M121, linking mortar fires with the digital battlefield. MFCSprovides increased responsiveness, crewsurvivability and mortar accuracy.The M150/M151 Mortar Fire-ControlSystem-Dismounted (MFCS-D) is similarto the M95 MFCS and is being fielded withthe M326 to provide a digital fire-controlsystem for the ground-mounted 120 mmsystem. MFCS-D provides increased responsiveness, crew survivability and mortar accuracy.The M32 Lightweight Handheld MortarBallistic Computer (LHMBC) is a joint service Marine Corps/Army system that calculates technical firing solutions for the entire family of fielded U.S. mortars and theircomplete inventory of ammunition. It islinked into the digital fire support systemand includes an internal GPS receiver forimproved tube positioning accuracy.Project Manager ManeuverAmmunition Systems (PM MAS)The Project Manager Maneuver Ammunition Systems (PM MAS) is responsiblefor the life-cycle management—includingdevelopment, production and fielding—ofall Army direct-fire ammunition (exceptnonlethal) and for the procurement of AirForce, Navy and Marine Corps direct-fireammunition assigned to PEO Ammunitionas the single manager for conventional ammunition executor. Under its mission forprocurement of nonstandard ammunition,PM MAS supports allies with direct- and360ARMY October 2012indirect-fire ammunition and selected weapons. Offices within PM MAS include theProduct Manager Small Caliber Ammunition, Product Director Medium CaliberAmmunition, Product Manager Large Caliber Ammunition and Product DirectorNon-Standard Ammunition.Product Manager Small CaliberAmmunition (PM SC)The Product Manager Small CaliberAmmunition (PM SC) is the life-cycle manager for the full range of small-caliber ammunition including production of legacyitems such as pistol, shotgun and rifle ammunition up to and including .50-caliber forall the armed services and development ofnew ammunition to support emergingArmy requirements. Small-caliber systemsinclude .22-caliber, .38-caliber, 9 mm, .45caliber, 12-gauge shotgun, 5.56 mm, 7.62mm and .50-caliber families of munitions.PM SC also manages the modernization ofthe Lake City Army Ammunition Plant,Mo., the primary source of small-caliberammunition.The M855A1 Enhanced PerformanceRound is a lead-free version of the M855cartridge that is fired from the 5.56 mm family of weapons (M4, M16 and M249) and isthe newest of the small-caliber family ofmunitions. The M855A1 EPR uses a newbullet design that resulted in a number ofsignificant enhancements over the originalgeneral purpose M855 fielded in the early1980s. Improvements include better hardtarget penetration, more consistent performance against soft targets and significantlyincreased distances of these effects. The EPRallows training exercises to be conducted onranges where lead projectiles are no longerallowed. The same technology is also beingused to improve 7.62 mm ammunition.The Product Director Medium CaliberAmmunition (PD MC) is responsible forlife-cycle management of direct-fire combatand training ammunition in 20 mm, 25 mm,30 mm, and 40 mm caliber families for theArmy. Under the single manager for conventional ammunition executor, PD MC isresponsible for procurement of mediumcaliber combat and training ammunitionfor the Air Force, Navy and Marine Corps.PD MC supports medium-caliber ammunition needs of the individual warfighter andweapon platforms, which include the Mk19 Automatic Grenade Launcher; M203/320Grenade Launcher; Bradley Fighting Vehicle; Light Armored Vehicle; AH-64 Apache;MH-60 Black Hawk and AH-1W Super Cobra helicopters; A-10 Thunderbolt, AC130U Spectre, F-15 Eagle, F-16 Falcon, FA18 Hornet, F-22 Raptor and F-35 Joint StrikeFighter aircraft; Land-based Phalanx WeaponsSystem (LPWS) for Counter Rockets Artillery and Mortars (C-RAM); and the Phalanx Close-In Weapon System (CIWS) fornaval vessels.Non-Dud Producing (NDP) training ammunition is being developed for the 40 mmgrenade family to allow soldiers and unitsto train more realistically on continental U.S.training ranges without safety concernsfrom unexploded ordnance, while meetingenvironmental requirements with nontoxiccomponents. Currently, units cannot godownrange during training to conduct fireand maneuver tactics. NDP rounds are being developed for both the low-velocityfamily, fired from the M203 and M320, andthe high-velocity family, fired from the Mk19. Low-rate initial production and full operational capability are planned for fiscalyear (FY) 2015. A capability developmentdocument was signed for the 40 mm highvelocity training round and a capability production document for the 40 mm low-velocity in December 2011.Product Manager Large CaliberAmmunition (PM LC)The Product Manager Large CaliberAmmunition (PM LC) is responsible forlife-cycle management of large-caliber, direct-fire combat and training ammunitionfor the Army and Marine Corps. Platformssupported include the Abrams main battletank (MBT) and Stryker mobile gun system.Primary target sets for ammunition beingprocured and new systems being developed are armor, structures, bunkers, obstacles and infantry squads. PM LC also develops and procures specialized ammunitionfor foreign military sales customers of theAbrams tank. Calibers supported include105 mm and 120 mm.The M829E4 is a 120 mm, fifth-generation, kinetic energy, armor piercing, fin-stabilized discarding sabot cartridge for the
Abrams MBT. The cartridge is specificallydesigned to defeat future armored targetsequipped with explosive reactive armorand active protection systems. The programis currently in engineering, manufacturingand development, with the Milestone Cprojected in FY 2014. This cartridge has anexpanded operational temperature andprovides a significant lethality overmatchagainst all projected armor threats.The Advanced Multi Purpose (AMP) is a120 mm, direct-fire, multipurpose munitionto be developed for the Abrams MBT. AMPwill provide the user with new capabilitiesto defeat antitank guided missile teams andbreach reinforced walls. AMP has threemodes of operation—airburst, point detonate and point detonate delay—that will allow the consolidation of the capabilities offour stockpiled cartridges into a single munition that can be used to defeat dismounted infantry, bunkers, obstacles andlight armor. Additional benefits include increased logistical efficiency and being ableto battle-carry a single munition that can beused for multiple engagement scenarios.Product Director Non-StandardAmmunition (PD NSA)The Product Director Non-StandardAmmunition (PD NSA) provides qualitynonstandard ammunition and nonstandardmortar weapon systems to allied nationsand other U.S. customers. Nonstandardammunition/mortar weapons are ammunition, explosives and weapons that are notmanaged by national inventory controlpoints, have not been safety-tested andtype-classified for Army use, do not have anational stock number, and cannot be procured or requisitioned through the Army orother Department of Defense supply systems. The majority of this ammunition isproduced in former Soviet/Eastern bloccountries. Munitions procured range from5.45 mm through 122 mm, supporting individual and crew-served weapons and platforms including tanks, artillery and aircraft.Joint Program Manager TowedArtillery Systems (PM TAS)The Joint Program Manager for TowedArtillery Systems (PM TAS) takes a joint(Army and Marine Corps) perspective inmanaging the development, acquisition,testing, systems integration, product improvement and fielding of the M777A2 155mm Joint Lightweight Howitzer (LW155)system, designed to enhance strategic mobility and provide the infantryman and marine with effective and responsive fire support. The LW155 is a joint Marine Corpsand Army program that replaces the M198155 mm Towed Howitzer. The LW155 is ageneral support system for the Army’s lightunits, a direct-support cannon fire supportsystem for the Stryker brigade combat teamand the sole howitzer in the Marine Corps.The LW155 uses the M776 155 mm cannon,giving it a maximum firing range of approximately 30 kilometers with rocket-assisted projectiles, 24.7 kilometers with standard rounds and up to 40 kilometers usingExcalibur. It has a maximum firing rate offour rounds per minute and a sustained rateof two rounds per minute. The M777A2 isfitted with onboard electronics, giving itself-locating, self-laying and digital communications similar to the M109A6 Paladin.The M777A2 adds the ability to fire the Excalibur precision-guided munition.In addition to the M777A2 howitzer, othertowed artillery systems supported in U.S.Army inventories include the M119A2 105mm Howitzer, the Improved Position andAzimuth Determining System (IPADS),and the M198 155 mm Howitzer.The M119A2 is a lightweight, 105 mmhowitzer that provides continuous closefires to infantry brigade combat teams. Thesystem weighs 4,330 pounds and is air assault/air drop capable. It has a range of19.5 kilometers with rocket-assisted munitions (14 kilometers unassisted). It fires allcurrently fielded U.S. munitions and has arate of fire of six rounds per minute. Its approved prime movers include the Humveeand 2.5-ton and 5-ton trucks.A program to integrate digital fire-controlcapability onto the M119A2 howitzer wasapproved in 2008. Using the software forthe M777A2 155 mm howitzer maximizescommonality in operation and trainingwhile minimizing program cost, scheduleand risk. The application of a digital firecontrol will allow the digitized M119A2 toemplace and displace faster, provide moreresponsive fires, and become more survivable on the battlefield.The IPADS provides common inertialsurvey control for all Army and MarineCorps field artillery, mortar, artillery meteorological and radar systems. PM TAS is alsomanaging the effort to add a GPS feature toIPADS. IPADS-G will augment operationsof the fire support community by providingthe ability to maintain the current accuracyof IPADS without stopping for zero-velocity updates, increasing the artillery timeliness, availability of fires, lethality, survivability, and force protection on extendedconvoys or artillery missions. IPADS will beaided by an internal GPS receiver; however,it must also be capable of operating in aninertial fashion independently of GPS aid.The Army began fielding the M198 155mm Towed Howitzer in early 1979 to provide greater range and lethality for lightunit fire-support elements. As a successorto the older M114A1 155 mm towed system,the 15,750-pound (original fielded weight)M198 provided a maximum range of 30M777 A2 155 mmJoint LightweightHowitzer (LW155)October 2012 ARMY361
kilometers (with rocket-assisted projectiles)and the capability to fire a broader range ofammunition options than those availablefor 105 mm units. Normally towed by a 5ton truck, the M198 can also be moved by aCH-47D Chinook helicopter or Air Force assets (C-130 and larger). The M777A2 has replaced the M198.PM TAS also supports the D-30 Howitzer program. The D-30 Howitzer is a 122mm Soviet towed Howitzer that enteredservice in the 1960s. It weighs 7,055 poundsand has a maximum range of 15.4 kilometers (21.9 kilometers assisted). It has a maximum rate of fire of 10 to 12 rounds perminute and a sustained rate of five to sixrounds per minute. In 2010, PM TAS wasgiven a requirement to provide 194 D-30s tothe Afghan National Army. PM TAS has delivered 104 Howitzers, provided trainingon the operation and maintenance of theweapon system, and established a refurbishment capability in Afghanistan that isallowing Afghan workers to refurbish additional Howitzers.Project Manager Close CombatSystems (PM CCS)Nearly every mission U.S. soldiers face,either domestic or international, involvesan item managed by Project ManagerClose Combat Systems (PM CCS). PMCCSs’ contributions are on the forefront oftheater operations and span multiple services, providing cutting-edge technology todefeat the ever-evolving and adaptingthreats, as well as legacy systems beingused in new, innovative ways on today’sbattlefield. The PM CCS portfolio of products ranges from counter-IEDs, handheldpyrotechnic devices, C-4 explosives andshoulder-launched munitions (SLMs) tomine clearing line charges, hand grenadesand nonlethal weapon sets.Product Manager Countermine andExplosive Ordnance DisposalNothing is more important than the freedom to operate wherever required on thebattlefield. Finding, neutralizing and discarding explosive hazards that impede thismovement demand a complete spectrum ofcountermine and explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) solutions for vehicle, handheldand robotic applications.In Afghanistan, insurgents have movedto using explosive hazards made of low- ornon-metallic components that are more difficult to detect using conventional methods,thus putting soldiers at greater risk of injury or death. Enter ground penetratingradar (GPR), a superior technology thatprovides a 3-D analysis of objects buried inthe ground. Both the Husky Mounted Detection System (HMDS) and the AN/PSS14 Mine Detecting System employ GPR.This technology alerts the operator to thethreat prior to detonation, greatly reducingthe risk of injury to the crew and battle damage to the vehicle or surrounding facilities.Continuous development to countermeasure technology and equipment providesEOD technicians the ability to access, disrupt and neutralize hazards from increasedstandoff distances quickly and smoothly.The MK40 Mod 0 Unexploded OrdnanceStandoff Disrupter Tool allows the EODsoldier to render safe unexploded ordnance(UXO) and IEDs via a percussion-activatedprojectile from a standoff position. The EODPAN Disrupter is a laser-aimed disrupterthat can also be fired from EOD robots.Product Manager ImprovisedExplosive Device Defeat/Protect ForceIEDs remain one of the most deadlythreats to U.S. servicemembers with everystep and mile they travel. Protecting theforce from these dangers takes a layered ap-Husky Mounted Detection System (HMDS)362ARMY October 2012proach to control, monitor, and defend personnel, facilities and vehicles.Detecting IEDs or threats is the first lineof defense. Capabilities such as Sherlockand Fido explosive detection systems detect potential IEDs, suicide bombers, andother explosive hazards at base entrances,ranges and control points as part of a tiereddefense. They provide improved identification and detection capabilities outside theblast range.Deny systems block enemy access tounauthorized locations and deny them theopportunity to emplace IEDs or other explosive hazards in targeted areas. CulvertDenial Systems block unauthorized accessto culverts, the devices used to channel water and allow it to pass underneath roads,railways or embankments. These capabilities aim to reduce the security risks for U.S.forces and provide blast mitigation withstandoff protection.Defeat products focus on defensive technologies and capabilities required to conquer IEDs by neutralizing them before theycan be detonated or minimizing the effectsof IED blasts on personnel, equipment andfacilities. The Jackal Explosive Hazard PreDetonation System triggers IEDs at standoff distance and is modular and adaptableto emerging IED devices and multiple platforms. Jackal was named one of the Army’sGreatest Inventions.Product Directorate Area DenialPM CCS is redefining how soldiers shapethe battlefield and protect the force throughcontinual advances in area-denial capabilities. Area-denial systems and munitionsblock enemy access to key terrain and restrict the enemy’s ability to maneuver freely.These systems include cutting-edge networked munitions and legacy antipersonneland antivehicle systems. Manportable, thesesystems provide soldiers faster responsetime, greater efficiency, and enhanced safetyand can be employed to protect perimetersand flanks during attack, reinforce lightforces and control enemy movement.The XM-7 Spider Networked Munitionis an effective lethal and nonlethal alternative to antipersonnel land mines (APLs).Currently operational in Afghanistan, thesystem is an advanced, man-in-the-loop(MITL) area-denial system that offers remote-controlled force protection. The system is different from a land mine in that itcannot deliver effects unless commanded todo so, and it can be safely recovered fromthe field and reused. Spider provides theequivalent munition field effectiveness ofcurrent APLs without the residual lifethreatening risks after hostilities end orwhen warring factions depart.The M18A1 Claymore is a directionalfragmentation munition that fires metalballs (shrapnel) out to about 100 metersacross a 60-degree arc in front of the device.
It is remotely detonated using an electric ornonelectric initiation system and is used todeter enemy pursuit, establish perimeterdefenses and conduct ambushes. It can alsobe used with the Spider System.Product Directorate CombatMunitionsHaving the tactical flexibility to reactrapidly and effectively to any scenario ensures success against the varied threats andcombat environments U.S. forces face. Combat munitions provide a range of battlefieldmunitions and escalation of force capabilities that broaden soldiers’ options for countering enemy actions. They include shoulder-launched munitions (SLMs), grenades,and nonlethal ammunition and systems.SLMs provide soldiers the ability to defeat light-armored vehicles and bunkersand enemy personnel. Disposable andhighly mobile, improved versions of SLMssuch as the M136A1 AT4 Confined Space(AT4-CS) can be fired from confinedspaces, increasing effectiveness in urban environments. The upgraded M72 Light Assault Weapon (LAW) is ideal for the combatenvironment in Afghanistan, characterizedby difficult terrain, long foot patrols andfast-paced operations at close range.Grenades range in effect from nonlethal tolethal and can be hand-thrown or propelledfrom a launcher. They offer a variety of capabilities—from fragmentation and incendiary to screening and signaling—to thesoldier in close-combat situations.PM CCSs’ nonlethal munitions and systems allow soldiers to react with the appropriate level of force based on the threatand serve as the last step in a scalable response—shout, show, shove, shoot. Theyare vital in urban conflict to limit collateraldamage and avoid noncombatant casualties. The Non-Lethal Capabilities Set(NLCS) provides a variety of capabilitiesincluding checkpoint, dismounted operations, convoy protection and crowd control/detainer operations as well as counterpersonnel and counter-materiel systems.The modularity of the NLCS allows thecommander to tailor equipment needsbased on a specific mission or threat level.Both the M1012 12-gauge NonlethalPoint Control Cartridge and M1013 12gauge Nonlethal Area Round temporarilydisorient or incapacitate a targeted individual with nonlethal blunt trauma. They canbe fired from a standard issue 12-gaugeshotgun, such as the Mossberg 500, Mossberg 590 and Winchester 1200. The M102940 mm Crowd Dispersal Cartridge andM1006 40 mm Sponge Grenade can eitherbe launched from the M203 40 mm grenadelauncher or fired from an M16A2/M203 orM4/M203. These nonlethal munitions fill awide range of possible nonlethal applications, including crowd control and enforcing a buffer zone.M18A1 ClaymoreProduct Directorate SupportMunitionsPM CCS’ Support Munitions—demolitions and pyrotechnics—provide soldierswith enhanced maneuver, communicationand illumination capabilities across variousmissions on the battlefield.Combat engineers, infantry, explosiveordnance disposal and special operationsuse demolitions and breeching munitions toclear mines and IEDs, overcome obstacles,and impede enemy movement. Modernization efforts are aimed at making demolitionslighter, more reliable and less sensitive. PMCCS manages a range of demolition items,including the Modern Demolitions Initiator, a suite of components used to activateall standard military demolitions and explosives, as well as bulk, shaped and crateringcharges. Designed to clear mines and re-lated obstacles for dismounted soldiersand vehicles, the Anti-Personnel ObstacleBreaching System is light enough to becarried by two soldiers with backpacks,while the Mine Clearing Line Charge is arocket-projected explosive line charge.Pyrotechnics include munition flares, signals and simulators. Advanced infrared decoy flares, the M206, M211 and M212 AirCountermeasure Flares are used by Armyaircraft and helicopters to defeat a range ofthreats. The family of Handheld Signalsprovides aircraft, distress and troop emplacement signaling as well as battlefield illumination. Battlefield and ground effectssimulators, such as the M115A2 GroundBurst Simulator and M116A1 Hand Grenade Simulator, produce battle noises andeffects—shells in flight, ground burst explosions or grenades—for use in training.“When the Sioux and Cheyenne find out we have a fully integratedtactical network, I’m sure they will pack up and go home.”October 2012 ARMY363
Non-Standard Ammunition. Product Manager Small Caliber Ammunition (PM SC) The Product Manager Small Caliber Ammunition (PM SC)is the life-cycle man-ager for the full range of small-caliber am-munition including product
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY Washington, DC, 4 November 1986 AMMUNITION HANDBOOK A Guide for Ammunition Specialists PREFACE FM 9-13 is intended to serve as a ready reference for ammunition specialists and supervisors during training or when assigned to an ammunition support unit or ac
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is contained in Navy Ammunition Logistics Codes, NAVAIR 11-1-116B/TW010-AA-ORD-030. Ammunition Lot Number An ammunition lot is a quantity of ammunition
I. Best Practice Guide on Ammunition Marking, Registration and Record-Keeping 3 II. Best Practice Guide on Procedures for Management of Stockpiles of Conventional Ammunition 15 III. Best Practice Guide on Physical Security of Stockpiles of Conventional Ammunition 39 IV. Best Practice Guide on Ammunition Transportation 81
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Physical Security of Arms, Ammunition and Explosives, Including Security Risk Category I Ammunition 5 Table 2: Examples of Department of Defense (DOD) Physical Security Requirements for Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (AA&E), Including Security Risk Category (SRC) I Ammunition 7 . Letter\t1. Background\t4
Software development is a source of security vulnerabilities. Software-developing organizations therefore need to pay at-tention to security and apply secure development practices. However, managing software development is a challenge in itself even without the added complexity of security work. Agile methodologies like Scrum are commonly .
