EPOXY RESINS - Palmer Holland
EPOXY RESINSProduct Overview GuideNORTH AMERICA
Expanding Opportunities forPerformance and DifferentiationEpoxy technology is a fundamental building block for innovation acrossbroad and diverse industries around the world. Dow is leading theway, applying advanced epoxy chemistry to address critical materialchallenges and help meet society’s energy, transportation, electronics,and infrastructure needs.2
Dow is a global supplier of epoxy resins, diluents, curing agents, and intermediates.With more than 50 years of innovation, we offer advanced epoxy products and solutionsbased on the industry’s leading product and process technology. And, as one of the mostvertically-integrated epoxy suppliers, we are a highly reliable source of supply.Dow is committed to your success. To better assist you during each stage offormulation development, we have compiled this convenient overview of resinproducts available in North America. Use it in combination with product information forour robust line of epoxy hardeners to compare product options and decide which Dowproducts provide the performance required in your applications.Talk to your Dow representative to learn more abouthow Dow can provide the products and support youneed to strengthen system differentiation and yourcompetitive position in the marketplace.3
Resins from Dow4
Calculation of Stoichiometric RatiosTo obtain optimum properties with polyfunctional epoxide-reactive curing agents,particularly the amines, it is desirable to reactthe resin and the curing agent at approximatelystoichiometric quantities. To determine theratio required, calculations can be made asfollows, using D.E.H. 20 epoxy hardener(NH2 – CH2 – CH2 – NH – CH2 – CH2 – NH2) asan example:123To calculate the Amine H equivalentweight, use the following equation:Equation 1Amine H eq wt MW of amineno. of active hydrogensExampleAmine H eq wt D.E.H. 20 103.2 20.6 gr/eq5To calculate the stoichiometric ratio ofD.E.H. 20 hardener to use with D.E.R. 331epoxy resin having an epoxide equivalentweight of 189:Frequently, epoxy resins are blended,filled, or modified with reactive andnon-reactive components. It is thereforenecessary to adjust the concentration ofthe curing agent to cure only the portionof the mix that is reactive; e.g., the resinsand any reactive diluent present. Thismay be simply done by calculating theepoxide equivalent weight (EEW) of thetotal mix and then applying equation (2) todetermine the amount of curing agent toadd to 100 parts of formulation.Equation 2phr1 of amine Amine H eq wt x 100Epoxide eq wt of resinExamplephr D.E.H. 20 hardener to be used with D.E.R. 331 epoxy resinphr 20.6 x 100 10.9189Equation 3EEW of mix Total WtWt a Wt b Wt cEEW a EEW b EEW cTotal weight includes all materials, both reactive andnon-reactive. a,b,c, etc., are only the materials reactive withthe curing agent, and are characterized by an epoxy ring.Example100 parts D.E.R. 331100 parts D.E.R. 33730 parts BDDGE (diluent)230 parts Filler460 TotalEEW of mix Average EEW 189Average EEW 240Average EEW 130–460 460 391100 100 301.176189240 130By Equation 2Amount D.E.H. 20 20.6 x 100 5.27 parts per hundred391parts filled formulation TMTrademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow1 Partsby wt per 100 parts resin5
Resins from DowLiquid Epoxy ResinsGradeEEW(gr/eq)Viscosity(mPa.s @ 25 C)DescriptionBisphenol A Epoxy ResinsD.E.R. 332171 – 1754000 – 6000High purity diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A. Its high purity and low oligomer content assures uniform performance,exceptionally low viscosity and can provide improved elevated temperature properties over standard epoxy resins.This resin grade is mainly used in filament winding, electrical laminates and encapsulation applications.D.E.R. 383176 – 1839000 – 10500D.E.R. 383 epoxy resin is a low viscosity bisphenol A epoxy resin. Applications are similar to those of D.E.R. 331 liquidepoxy resin. D.E.R. 383 epoxy resin frequently crystallizes at room temperature. Heating to 50-55 C restores the resinto a liquid state. Long-term warm storage may result in a slight discoloration but does not affect the resin performance.D.E.R. 330176 – 1857000 – 10000D.E.R. 330 epoxy resin is a low viscosity bisphenol A epoxy resin commonly used in civil engineering and industrialcoatings. D.E.R. 330 epoxy resin frequently crystallizes at room temperature, Heating to 50-55 C restores the resinto liquid state. Long-term warm storage may result in slight discoloration but does not effect the resin performance.D.E.R. 331182 – 19211000 – 14000A widely used, general-purpose liquid epoxy resin based on bisphenol A. It is recognized as a standard from whichmany variations have been developed.D.E.R. 317192 – 20316000 – 25000High viscosity, fast reacting bisphenol A epoxy resin.Modified Bisphenol A Epoxy ResinsD.E.R. 321180 – 188500 – 700Diglycidylether of bisphenol A/CGE.Diglycidylether of bisphenol A/CGE.D.E.R. 3212179 – 193750 – 1400D.E.R. 322183 – 1935500 – 8500Diglycidylether of bisphenol A/reactive diluent.D.E.R. 323190 – 2041000 – 1200Aliphatic glycidyl ether reactive diluent, modified liquid epoxy resin which is very similar to D.E.R. 324 liquid epoxy resinbut with lower diluent content.D.E.R. 324195 – 204600 – 800D.E.R. 324 liquid epoxy resin offers low viscosity and low surface tension. The low surface tension explains why thisresin wets the surface better, gives better adhesion and will have slightly lower viscosity at any given filler loading. Thediluent increases pot-life, flexibility (impact resistance) and acid resistance, but limits the solvent resistance. D.E.R. 324liquid epoxy resin is prone to crystallization.D.E.R. 325185 – 206850 – 2800Diglycidylether of bisphenol A/AGE.D.E.R. 329145 – 155900 – 1300Diglycidylether of bisphenol A/TMPTGE.D.E.R 362185 – 2054500 – 6500XZ 92742.00160 – 180500 – 700TM6Modified liquid epoxy resin.Diglycidylether of bisphenol A/BDDGE.Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow
Liquid Epoxy Resins (cont.)GradeEEW(gr/eq)Viscosity(mPa.s @ 25 C)DescriptionModified Bisphenol A/F Epoxy ResinsD.E.R. 353190 – 200800 – 1000D.E.R. 353 liquid epoxy resin is a low viscosity epoxy resin with a very low crystallization tendency. The performanceof D.E.R. 353 in ambient cure formulations is similar to those obtained when using D.E.R. 324 liquid epoxy resin.167 – 1743400 – 4200Standard bisphenol F-based epoxy resin of low viscosity, used for solvent-free coatings, concrete reinforcements,adhesives, electrical insulation and filament winding. This resin can provide improved resistance performance againstsolvents compared to standard bisphenol A liquid epoxy resins.D.E.R. 736175 – 20530 – 60D.E.R. 736 is a short chain length polyglycol di-epoxide liquid resin. Its applications include coatings and adhesivesfor improved flexibility, elongation, and impact resistance.D.E.R. 732310 – 33060 – 70D.E.R. 732 is a long chain length polyglycol di-epoxide liquid resin. Its applications include coatings and adhesivesfor improved flexibility, elongation, and impact resistance.D.E.R. 750176 – 1862500 – 4500Diglycidylether of bisphenol A/flexible epoxy resin.D.E.R. 3913345 – 3657500 – 9500D.E.R. 3913 epoxy resin is designed to impart flexibility into epoxy binder systems. In combination with suitablecuring agents, high elongations at break can be achieved, at room temperature as well as at -20 C.Bisphenol F Epoxy ResinsD.E.R. 354Flexible Epoxy Resins7
Resins from DowEpoxy Emulsions and DispersionsGradeEEW (gr/eq)on solidsSolids Content(wt%)DescriptionD.E.R.TM 917193 – 20463 – 65Aqueous liquid epoxy resin emulsion of the D.E.R. 331 liquid epoxy resin type. This material is suitable for coatings onmetallic substrates, coating on concrete and also in concrete ad-mixtures (i.e. epoxy cement concrete). Note that theuse of water-borne systems requires some control of atmospheric conditions (temperature and humidity) to developoptimum performance and appearance.D.E.R. 916184 – 20457 – 59Aqueous semi-solid epoxy novolac resin emulsion of the D.E.N.TM 438 epoxy novolac resin type. Thisproduct can produce highly cross-linked matrices, providing excellent heat and chemical resistance similarto solvent-borne novolac resins.D.E.R. 915475 – 50046 – 48Experimental aqueous solid “1-type“ epoxy resin dispersion of the D.E.R. 671 solid epoxy resin type. This resinemulsion is not only suggested for corrosion protection applications on steel but can also be used for coatings onconcrete where solvent cannot be tolerated.Epoxy Toughening Agents and Toughened Epoxy ResinsGradeEEW(gr/eq)Viscosity(mPa.s @ 25 C)DescriptionFORTEGRATM 100 EpoxyToughening AgentN/A3000 – 4000FORTEGRA 100 epoxy toughener is a low viscosity toughening agent, designed for use in amine curedepoxy systems.FORTEGRA 102Toughened Epoxy Resin345 – 3745000 – 8000Blend of bisphenol A liquid epoxy resin (50 wt%) and a block copolymer toughening agent (50 wt%).FORTEGRA 104Toughened Epoxy Resin960 – 1060N/AFORTEGRA 201Toughened Epoxy Resin315 – 360150,000 – 230,000FORTEGRA 301Toughened Epoxy Resin200 – 225 70,000TM8Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of DowBlend of bisphenol A solid epoxy resin (88 wt%) and FORTEGRA 100 (12 wt%).Blend of bisphenol A liquid epoxy resin and a carboxyl terminated butadiene-acrylonitrile elastomer (40 wt%).Blend of bisphenol A liquid epoxy resin and core shell rubber particles (15 wt%).
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Resins from Dow10
Epoxy Novolac ResinsGradeEEW on solids(gr/eq)Viscosity(mPa.s @ 25 C)DescriptionD.E.N.TM 425169 – 1759500 – 12500D.E.N. 425 epoxy novolac resin has an average functionality of 2.5.D.E.N. 431172 – 1791100 – 17001D.E.N. 431 epoxy novolac resin has multi-epoxy functionality ( 2.8) which makes it useful in adhesives, electricaland structural laminates, coatings and castings for elevated temperature service. D.E.N. 431 will exhibit highchemical resistance and excellent elevated temperature performance. Adhesives based on D.E.N. 431 are idealbinders for abrasives in grinding and polishing products.D.E.N. 438176 – 18131000 – 400001D.E.N. 438 is a widely used, general-purpose epoxy novolac resin. It is recognized as a standard for high temperatureapplications. D.E.N. 438 has multi-epoxy functionality ( 3.6).D.E.N. 438L176 – 18127500 – 325001Slightly lower viscosity version of D.E.N. 438.D.E.N. 438-A85176 – 181500 – 1200Solution of D.E.N. 438 in acetone.D.E.N. 438-EK85176 – 181600 – 1600Solution of D.E.N. 438 in methyl ethyl ketone.D.E.N. 438-MAK80176 – 181600 – 1200Solution of D.E.N. 438 in methyl n-amyl ketone.D.E.N. 438-MK75176 – 181200 – 600Solution of D.E.N. 438 in methyl isobutyl ketone.D.E.N. 438-X80176 – 1811200 – 2000D.E.N. 439191 – 21015000 – 35000D.E.N. 439-EK85191 – 2104000 – 10000Solution of D.E.N. 438 in xylene.2D.E.N. 439 is a widely used, general-purpose epoxy novolac resin. It has multi-epoxy functionality ( 3.8) which isslightly higher than D.E.N. 438 epoxy novolac resin.Solution of D.E.N. 439 in methyl ethyl ketone.Brominated ResinsGradeEEW on solids(gr/eq)Viscosity(mPa.s @ 25 C)DescriptionD.E.R.TM 530-A80425 – 4401500 – 2500Brominated epoxy resin in acetone.D.E.R. 538-A80465 – 495800 – 1800Brominated epoxy resin in acetone.D.E.R. 542305 – 355N/AD.E.R. 560440 – 470140 – 2153D.E.R. 592-A80350 – 3701000 – 2400D.E.R. 593350 – 370400 – 1100Solid epoxy resin of the tetrabromo bisphenol A epichlorohydrin type. Softening point: 52 – 62 C.Solid brominated epoxy resin.Brominated epoxy resin in acetone.Brominated epoxy resin in DOWANOLTM PM glycol ether.at 51.7 Cat 71 C3at 150 C12 TMTrademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow11
Resins from DowSolid Epoxy ResinsGradeEEW(gr/eq)Softening Point( C)DescriptionLow Molecular Weight SolidsD.E.R.TM 661500 – 56075 – 85D.E.R. 661 solid epoxy resin is a standard “1-type“ epoxy resin. Formulated with suitable hardeners it forms an excellentbase for many high quality chemical-resistant coatings withstanding exposure to corrosive atmospheres.D.E.R. 6116520 – 56080 – 90Low molecular weight “1.5-type“ epoxy resin.D.E.R. 662E590 – 63087 – 93D.E.R. 662E solid epoxy resin is a standard “2-type“ epoxy resin developed for use mainly in powder coatings where itprovides excellent flow.D.E.R. 6224675 – 72588 – 98Low molecular weight “2.5-type“ epoxy resin.D.E.R. 662UH675 – 75090 – 98Low molecular weight “2.5-type“ epoxy resin.D.E.R. 663U730 – 82092 – 102Low molecular weight “3-type“ epoxy resin.D.E.R. 663UE740 – 80098 – 104Low molecular weight “3-type“ epoxy resin for both pure epoxy and epoxy/polyester powder coatings requiring good gloss,smoothness and excellent flexibility.D.E.R 664875 – 955100 – 110Low molecular weight “4-type“ epoxy resin. Non-powder grade solid epoxy resin catalyzed for esterification.D.E.R. 664U875 – 955100 – 110Medium molecular weight “4-type“ epoxy resin for both decorative and functional coatings.D.E.R. 664UE860 – 930104 – 110Medium molecular weight “4-type“ epoxy resin for both decorative and functional coatings to provide improved viscositycharacteristics and greater flexibility.D.E.R. 6330-A10780 – 90098 – 106Low molecular weight solid epoxy resin containing 10 wt% polyacrylate flow modifier.D.E.R. 642U500 – 56089 – 97Novolac-modified, medium molecular weight solid epoxy resin for functional powder coatings requiring high chemicalresistance.D.E.R. 672U740 – 830110 – 120D.E.R. 6225650 – 72587 – 95Modified bisphenol A solid epoxy resin for high flow, high gloss powder coatings.D.E.R. 6508380 – 42095 – 105High temperature performance solid epoxy resin for fusion-bonded epoxy powder coatings.Specialty SolidsNovolac-modified, high molecular weight solid epoxy resin for more flexible, corrosion-resistant epoxy powder coatings.High Molecular Weight Solids12High molecular weight “5-type“ epoxy resin.D.E.R. 61551250 – 140030000 – 550001D.E.R. 667E1600 – 19502000 – 2900High molecular weight “7-type“ epoxy resin with good solution stability.D.E.R. 668-202000 – 35002700 – 50002High molecular weight “8-type“ epoxy resin designed for use in one pack stoving enamels for metal decoration,interior and exterior can coatings, tube and drum linings, coil primers and many other industrial applications.D.E.R. 669-203500 – 55004400 – 100002(solution visc.)High molecular weight “9-type“ epoxy resin.D.E.R. 669E2500 – 40004500 – 100002High molecular weight “9-type“ epoxy resin with good solution stability.2at 150 C40 wt% in diethylene glycol monobutyl etherTMTrademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow12
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Resins from Dow14
Epoxy Resin SolutionsGradeD.E.R.TM 337-DA971EEW (gr/eq)on solids230 – 278Viscosity(mPa.s @ 25 C)N/ADescriptionSolution of D.E.R. 337 with diacetone alchohol.D.E.R. 337-X80230 – 260500 – 1200Solution of D.E.R. 337 in xylene.D.E.R. 337-X90230 – 2505000 – 15000Solution of D.E.R. 337 in xylene.D.E.R. 338-X90230 – 2805000 – 50000Solution in xylene.D.E.R. 660-B80300 – 3502300 – 7500Semi-solid epoxy resin solution of D.E.R. 660 in butanol.D.E.R. 660-MAK80300 – 3501000 – 1500Semi-solid epoxy resin solution of D.E.R. 660 in methyl n-amyl ketone.D.E.R. 660-PA80300 – 3501500 – 4500Semi-solid epoxy resin solution of D.E.R. 660 in propyl acetate.D.E.R. 660-X80300 – 3353500 – 7000Semi-solid epoxy resin solution of D.E.R. 660 in xylene.D.E.R. 661-A75500 – 550800 – 2500Solution of D.E.R. 661 in acetone.D.E.R. 661-A80475 – 5753500 – 8500Solution of D.E.R. 661 in acetone.D.E.R. 671-MAK75425 – 5503000 – 15000Solution of D.E.R. 671 in methyl n-amyl ketone.D.E.R. 671-PM75425 – 5009500 – 15000Solution of D.E.R. 671 in DOWANOLTM PM glycol ether.D.E.R. 671-T75425 – 5502200 – 10000Solution of D.E.R. 671 in toluene.D.E.R. 671-X70445 – 5002000 – 4000Solution of D.E.R. 671 in xylene.D.E.R. 671-X75430 – 4807500 – 11500Solution of D.E.R. 671 in xylene.D.E.R. 671-XM75425 – 5502500 – 9000Solution of D.E.R. 671 in xylene/methyl isobutyl ketone.D.E.R. 684-EK402800 min.600 – 25001Solution of an ultra-high molecular weight epoxy resin. It has essentially no epoxy functionality and providescoatings with outstanding physical and chemical resistance properties by solvent evaporation alone. Mainapplications include maintenance- and flash-primers, shop coats, wire enamels, road markers and clearcoatings for brass, chrome and aluminium.cSt TMTrademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow15
Product StewardshipThe Dow Chemical Company has a fundamental concern for all who make, distribute, and use its products, and for the environment in which we live.This concern is the basis of our Product Stewardship philosophy by which we assess the health and environmental information on our products andthen take the appropriate steps to protect employee and public health and the environment. The Dow Chemical Company has enduring commitmentsto Responsible Care in the management of chemicals worldwide. Our Product Stewardship program rests with every individual involved with Dowproducts from the initial concept and research to the manufacture, sale, distribution, and disposal of each product.Contact Us to Learn MoreToll Free 800 441 4369 I Telephone 1 989 832 1426 I Fax 1 989 832 1465www.dowepoxy.comNOTICE: No freedom from infringement of any patent owned by Dow or others is to be inferred. Because use conditions and applicable laws may differ from one location to another and maychange with time, Customer is responsible for determining whether products and the information in this document are appropriate for Customer’s use and for ensuring that Customer’s workplaceand disposal practices are in compliance with applicable laws and other government enactments. The product shown in this literature may not be available for sale and/or available in all geographieswhere Dow is represented. The claims made may not have been approved for use in all countries. Dow assumes no obligation or liability for the information in this document. References to“Dow” or the “Company” mean The Dow Chemical Company and its consolidated subsidiaries unless otherwise expressly noted. NO WARRANTIES ARE GIVEN; ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OFMERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE EXPRESSLY EXCLUDED. Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of DowResponsible Care is a service mark of the American Chemistry Council Form No. 296-01864-0213 AMS
D.E.R. 383 176 – 183 9000 – 10500 D.E.R. 383 epoxy resin is a low viscosity bisphenol A epoxy resin. Applications are similar to those of D.E.R. 331 liquid epoxy resin. D.E.R. 383 epoxy resin frequently crystallizes at room temperature. Heating to 50-55
mechanical properties of epoxy resins, physical and chemical properties of epoxy resins, epoxy resin adhesives, epoxy resin coatings, epoxy coating give into water, electrical and electronic applications, analysis of epoxides and epoxy resins and the toxicology of epoxy resins. It will be a standard reference book for professionals and .
Contents 3 Epoxy resins, water-reducible 4 Epoxy hardeners, water-reducible 5 Epoxy resins solid and solutions 6 Epoxy resins liquid and reactive diluted 7 Reactive diluents for epoxy resins 7 Epoxy hardeners, polyamines 8 Epoxy hardeners, adducts 9 Epoxy hardeners, mannich bases 10 Epoxy hardeners, polyamidoamines 11 Survey of the qu
New Holland T4020-T4050 New Holland T4030F-T4050F New Holland T4030V-T4050V New Holland T4.75-T4.100 New Holland T5040-T5070 New Holland TD5050 New Holland T6010-T6090 New Holland T7.170-T7.270 New Holland TT45A-TT75A New Holland TN55-TN75 New Holland TN60A-TN95A New Holland TN55D-TN75D New Holland TN60DA-TN95DA
New Holland T4020-T4050 New Holland T4030F-T4050F New Holland T4030V-T4050V New Holland T4.75-T4.100 New Holland T5040-T5070 New Holland TD5050 New Holland T6010-T6090 New Holland T7.170-T7.270 New Holland TT45A-TT75A New Holland TN55-TN75 New Holland TN60A-TN95A New Holland TN55D-TN75D New Holland TN60DA-TN95DA
water reducible resins alkyd resins izelkyd aq 7 acrylic resins izelcryl aq 8 polyester resins izelpol aq 9 solvent based resins alkyd resins long oil alkyd resins izelkyd lo 11 medium oil alkyd resins izelkyd mo 14 short oil alkyd resins izelkyd so 17
Epoxy resins are characterized by the presence of a three membered cycle ether group commonly referred to as an epoxy group 1, 2-epoxide, or oxirane. The most widely used epoxy resins are diglycidyl ethers of bisphenol-A derived from bisphenol-A and epichlorohydrin. The market of epoxy resins are growing day by day. Today the total
Praesto Epoxy Resins Praesto Epoxy resins have been designed to offer a simple solution for the immobilization of ligands onto an agarose chromatography matrix, which can be utilized to make customized affinity resins. This enables rapid scale-up from R&D proof of concept to larger scale bioprocess production columns. Praesto Epoxy resins offer .
The American Revolution, 1763-1783 By Pauline Maier This essay excerpt is provided courtesy of the Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History. INDEPENDENCE The Seven Years’ War had left Great Britain with a huge debt by the standards of the day. Moreover, thanks in part to Pontiac’s Rebellion, a massive American Indian uprising in the territories won from France, the British decided to .
