From Idea To Patent Pending: Writing A Good Provisional
From Idea to Patent Pending:Writing a Good ProvisionalVon Liebig – OIC Entrepreneurism “VOICE” SeriesNovember 4, 2016Greg Einhorn – Greer, Burns & CrainVictoria Cajipe – UC San Diego OIC
Disclaimer: The materials presented hereinare for informational purposes only and notfor the purpose of providing legal advice.
FIRST INVENTOR TO FILE REGIMEEffective March 16, 2013America Invents Act (AIA) Modernizing U.S. Patent Law
The Innovation & Commercialization LoopPursue patentstrategy in sync withmerits & marketDisclose to OICbefore If advantageousCommercialize, reapeconomic & socialbenefit, fuel newresearchLicense, develop,monitor diligence,support startupsOIC will work closely with UCSD researcher through all phases of the cycle
Patenting Process Timelinehttp://www.research.ucla.edu/tech/patent timeline.pdf
OutlinePatent basicsProvisional: what, why, when, howExamples/ExercisesQ&A
What is a Patent? form of intellectual property exclusive rights granted by state to inventor(or assignee) for limited time period inexchange for disclosing invention to the public NOT the right to make, use, offer for sale, sellor import, but the right to EXCLUDE OTHERSfrom making, using, offering for sale, selling orimporting the invention
sses-make-a-big-impact-051512Qualcomm – over 14,000 US Patents “Patent Wall”: right to exclude others But including others can be lucrative: License patent rights - royalty stream ( B profit)
Types of Patents Utility Patents Term: 20 years from filing of application 90% of USPTO patents Design Patents 14 years from grant Plant Patents 20 years from filing
Utility Patent New Non-obvious Useful Subject matter Composition of matter Process Machine Article of manufacture Improvement
Novelty Not previously patented, published orknown to public In US, 1-year grace period between publicdisclosure and filing Avoid public disclosure with confidentialityagreement Non-obviousness or Inventive Step Not obvious to one with ordinary skill in art Utility Has useful purpose and will perform
Anatomy of a Patent(or Patent Application)Front page
Anatomy of a Patent (continued) Formal Drawings Show every feature of invention given in claims Specification Background, Summary, Description, Examples Support every feature given in claims In Description: explain invention, process ofmaking and using invention in full, clear, concise,exact terms so person of ordinary skill in art canmake and use invention without extensiveexperimentation - teach the invention
Anatomy of a Patent (continued) Claim(s) Point out and distinctly claim that which is regardedas the invention (composition, process/method,machine/device, manufacture/product) Construct and word carefully Stake out invention’s boundaries What is examined/allowed by USPTO* What is protected, what others are excluded frommaking, using, selling Hire/consult a patent attorney/agent!*United States Patent and Trademark Office
What is a provisional application? Legal document describing invention filedwith USPTO Establishes early filing “priority” date Does not mature into issued patent no examination of claims Unless applicant files regular non-provisionalpatent application within one year
What is a provisional application? (continued) Not published officially But becomes publicly available if pursueregular patent application (when regularpublishes) USPTO PAIR (Patent Application Information Retrieval)http://portal.uspto.gov/pair/PublicPair WIPO* advancedSearch.jsf*World Intellectual Property Organization
Why file a provisional? Inexpensive Helps ensure “first inventor to file” status Puts invention in “patent pending” state Gives applicant time to further develop,market and assess commercial potential ofinventionGood strategy for universities (high volume)& startups/independent inventors (low cash)
When to file a provisional? Before public disclosure (or, if published, before1-year from publication, to preserve US patent rights) Invention is sufficiently “enabled” (you are inpossession of invention) Can describe how to make and use Preferably, reduced to practice & works Balance “first to file” with need/ability todevelop during 1-year provisional term
A good provisional? Much like a patent or non-provisional patentapplication (ideally, not just an already existingdocument attached to provisional cover sheet) Specification should be as complete, clear andexact as possible Include everything you have/know about invention Try to be prophetic, broaden invention scope Priority date only for what provisional discloses Even if not examined, provide some claims Elucidates invention & what to include in spec
Provisional writing - preparation Answer questions: What is your invention (composition,process, machine, article of manufacture)? What is unique about it? What is existing art? compare withinvention? How does invention work? Possible applications?
Provisional writing – preparation (continued) Find patents for similar, related inventions Patent landscape clarifies novelty, non-obviousness,potential of your invention Use as model for content, language, claimsDatabases:USPTO search-patentsWIPO Patentscope PO Espacenet https://worldwide.espacenet.com/Google Patents https://www.google.com/patentsFree Patents Online http://www.freepatentsonline.com/search.html
Provisional application proper Title: short, precise, specific List of Inventors Government Support Statement Technical Field Background: context, other approaches,“prior art” (patent, publications, other publicinformation) Brief Summary of the Invention: problemaddressed, novel solution provided Brief Description of the Drawings
Provisional application proper (continued) Detailed Description of the Invention References Claims Abstract Drawings: marked up figures, photos OK Appendices or Attachments: for completeness
Provisional writing tips Description: specific and broad at same time Describe best mode; detailed parts, connections,properties - enough so can reproduce invention Use quantitative bounds and ranges Avoid restrictive language (e.g., “must”, “essential”) Discuss variations, extensions Explain why your invention is not obvious Give example(s) of intended use Claims: preliminary Focus on main features Give details but do not limit
Provisional filing preparation Make PDF of written description document Title.Detailed Description Claims, Abstract specification.pdf Make PDF of drawings drawings.pdf Make PDF of attachments, if any attachments.pdf Fill in and save PDF provisional cover sheet 0016.pdf transmittal.pdf
Provisional filing onlineGo to https://www.uspto.gov/patent
Provisional filing online (continued)Or, EFS-Web Unregistered eFiler for basic initial filing of new patent ered/EFSWebUnregistered
-uspto/ Attach PDF files; choose Document Description Press Upload & Validate, if No errors, Continue Next screen, Calculate Fees Small/micro entity (independent inventor, small company, non-profit)Select ProvisionalInput number of pages (including drawings)Press Calculate Review Pay
Pay filing fee Provisional Application filing fee 260 Small entities 130 Micro entitiy 65 USPTO-defined small entity Not 4 previously filed applications Gross income not 3X median household income inprevious year No obligation to assign, grant, or convey to anotherentity not meeting inventor’s income requirementsUSPTO Receipt Patent Pending! Provisional Application Number Filing Date 12 month clock
Provisional writing web resourcesHow to Patent an Idea in 3-Steps with a Provisional tent-applications-how-to-file/Nolo’s Guide to Provisional Patent isional patent application guide.pdfFree Provisional ional-Template.docLegal Zoom: How to Write a Provisional Patent onal-patent-application-20204.htmlTips For Drafting Provisional Patent fting-provisional-patent-applicationsWriting Provisional Software Patent riting-provisional-software-patent-applicationsIP Watchdog Do It Yourself Patents: Patent Filing Made Easy – Just ystem/USPTO: Provisional Application for nal-application-patentGoogle “provisional patent videos”
Examples / invention-lightbulb2.png
Example #1Problem: Misplacing eyeglassesIdea! What is it? Novel, non-obvious, useful? How to make, how to use? Draft claims ?
http://www.piercedglasses.com/company.html
US 7066592Frameless glassesattaching to bodyhttps://www.google.com/patents/US7066592
US 7066592 Frameless glasses attaching to [ ]5. In combination with a body piercing nose bridge stud, an improvementcomprising; a first stud anchored on an inbound portion of a left eyeglassmember; a second stud anchored on an inbound portion of a right eyeglassmember; wherein each stud mounts to a respective left or right of the nosebridge stud for support.6. The improvement of claim 5, wherein the left and the right eyeglassmembers each have a nose rest.7. An eyeglass support comprising: an eyeglass member; connector means forholding an eyeglass member to a body piercing member, said connector meansfunctioning to removably attach the eyeglass member to the body piercingmember; and anchor means for removably connecting the connector means tothe eyeglass member.
Example #2Problem: Cancer
Example #2:Solution: Synthetic Hollow Enzyme Loaded ShellsNano Shark Cages and CancerInanc Ortac, UC San Diego ECE PhD, 2013https://www.youtube.com/watch?v BgjuVAU-5to
Synthetic Hollow Enzyme Loaded Shells (SHELS) Circumstances at time of provisional 2011 Research Expo poster presentation imminent Available: draft manuscript, group meeting &qualifying exam presentations, poster How to do the provisional? What to include? What type claims?
Provisional 61/475,649Multifunctional Nanoparticle Designs & Applications Incorporated all material Claims: techniques and structures, including:1. Method of fabricating nanoparticles with hollow core, poroussurface and resealable holes, the method comprising: using avarying efficiency of colloidal templating reactions on surfaceswith different chemical and physical properties.[ ]6. Material as described and shown herein and in appendix.7. Apparatus as described and shown herein and in appendix.8. A system as described and shown herein and in appendix.
International PCT/US2012/033853US Application US 14/111,713Claims: methods of fabricating, nanoparticle devices1. Method of fabricating a particle, comprising: combining acore particle with one or more masking particles to form atemplate, wherein one or more masking particles bind to coreparticle and cover one or more regions of the core particlesurface[ ]19. Nanoparticle device for carrying a load, comprising: shellstructure including at least two layers [ ] wherein shellstructure contains a substance within hollow interior region [ ]
1. A nanoparticle for carrying apayload substance, comprising: ashell structure including at least twolayers including an internal layer andan external layer;wherein the internal layer encloses ahollow interior region comprising apayload substance in the hollowinterior region;wherein the internal layer includesone or more holes penetrating saidinternal layer;wherein the external layer is attachedto the internal layer and formedaround the internal layer;wherein the payload substance iscapable of passing through the one ormore holes of the internal layer;and wherein the payload substance isincapable of passing through theexternal layer.
portfolio/devacell/
Example #3Problem: Control stem cell differentiationIdea Guide, induce stem cell differentiation Use nanostructured cell culture substrates Dimensions/geometric cues of surface nanotubes augmented human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion specific differentiation of hMSCs into osteoblastsPublished before provisional filing, only US rightsStem cell fate dictated solely by altered nanotube dimensionProc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Feb /2130.abstract
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Example #3 exercise:Compare PNAS paper & provisional or full application Full US patent application 12/900,249 “Articles comprising nano-materials forgeometry-guided stem cell differentiation and enhanced bone 968 Find provisional in USPTO PAIR http://portal.uspto.gov/pair/PublicPair
Title and Inventors vs AuthorsPNAS 2009 Feb 17;106(7)61/251,135 & 12/900,249Stem cell fate dictatedArticles comprising nanosolely by altered nanotube materials for geometrydimensionguided stem celldifferentiation andenhanced bone growthOh S, Brammer KS, Li YS,Teng D, Engler AJ, Chien S,Jin S.Sungho Jin, Seunghan Oh,Karla Brammer
Compare AbstractsPNAS 2009 Feb 17;106(7)61/251,135 & 12/900,249Two important goals in stem cell research are tocontrol the cell proliferation withoutdifferentiation and to direct the differentiationinto a specific cell lineage when desired. Here,we demonstrate such paths by controlling onlythe nanotopography of culture substrates.Altering the dimensions of nanotubular-shapedtitanium oxide surface structures independentlyallowed either augmented humanmesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion or aspecific differentiation of hMSCs intoosteoblasts by using only the geometric cues,absent of osteogenic inducing media. hMSCbehavior in response to defined nanotube sizesrevealed a very dramatic change in hMSCbehavior in a relatively narrow range ofnanotube dimensions. [ ]The present invention provides articles ofmanufacture comprising biocompatiblenanostructures comprising significantlyincreased surface area for, e.g., organ, tissueand/or cell growth, e.g., for bone, tooth, kidneyor liver growth, and uses thereof, e.g., for invitro testing of drugs, chemicals or toxins, or asin vivo implants, including their use in makingand using artificial tissues and organs, andrelated, diagnostic, screening, research anddevelopment and therapeutic uses, e.g., as drugdelivery devices. The present invention providesbiocompatible nanostructures with significantlyincreased surface area, such as with nanotubeand nanopore array on the surface of metallic,ceramic, or polymer materials for enhanced celland bone growth, for in vitro and in vivotesting, cleansing reaction, implants andtherapeutics. [ ]
Compare Abstracts (continued)PNAS 2009 Feb 17;106(7)61/251,135 & 12/900,249[ ] Small (approximately 30-nm diameter)nanotubes promoted adhesion withoutnoticeable differentiation, whereas larger(approximately 70- to 100-nm diameter)nanotubes elicited a dramatic stem cellelongation (approximately 10-fold increased),which induced cytoskeletal stress and selectivedifferentiation into osteoblast-like cells, offeringa promising nanotechnology-based route forunique orthopedics-related hMSC treatments.[ ] The present invention provides opticallytransparent or translucent cell-culturingsubstrates. The present invention providesbiocompatible and cell-growth-enhancingculture substrates comprising elasticallycompliant protruding nanostructure substratescoated with Ti, TiO2 or related metal and metaloxide films.Compare other parts (homework) Map sections between paper & patent application Compare contents
Example #4Problem: Keep airway open in anesthetized patientUS Patent Application 14/401,517“Combined bite block/oral airway/tongue depressor appliance” Two provisionals: design evolved (61/647,055 & 61/784,097) No publication Licensed at provisional stage
Other examples (for home study)http://www.nanocellect.com/Prof. Yuhwa Lo: US 13/254,851; US9134221Fluidic flow cytometry devices and particle sensing based on 120078531 Provisional 61/262,787 and 61/158,969 accessible via USPTO PAIR Journal articles: Microfluidic cell sorter with integrated piezoelectric actuator Lab-on-a-chip flow cytometer employing color-space-time coding Optofluidic Waveguides in Teflon AF-Coated PDMS Microfluidic ChannelsNominated for 2016 CONNECTMost Innovative New Product AwardLife Science Diagnostics/Research Tools
Other examples (continued)Prof. Adah Almutairi: PCT/US2013/040219; US9333258 & US 9333259Fine spatiotemporal control of thermolysis and lipolysis using NIR .jsf?docId WO2013169955Provisional US 61/644,328 accessible via /elux-medical/
Thank edu/
Room #013, Powell-Focht Bioengineering Hall
A good provisional? Much like a patent or non-provisional patent application (ideally, not just an already existing document attached to provisional cover sheet) Specification should be as
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Australian Patent No. 692929 Australian Patent No. 708311 Australian Patent No. 709987 Australian Patent No. 710420 Australian Patent No. 711699 Australian Patent No. 712238 Australian Patent No. 728154 Australian Patent No. 731197 PATENTED NO. EP0752134 PATENTED NO.
Moira Secondary School Sec 737 Belleville Yes Pending Pending 19-Jun-17 Sep-17 Hastings & Prince Edward DSB Quinte Secondary School Sec 580 Belleville Yes Pending Pending 19-Jun-17 Sep-18 Hastings & Prince Edward DSB Madoc Township Public School Ele 121 Madoc Yes Pending Pending 19-Jun-17 Hastings & Prince Edward DSB
Patent-Mapper, which maps the location of patents within the U.S., given a selected patent application year, patent state, and patent class. . Along with the patent, the Longitude and the Latitude will also be provided for geolocation purposes. Other information such as invent
TECHNICAL INFORMATION PLEXIGLAS Solid sheet, block, multi-skin sheet, corrugated sheet, tube and rod . Patent EP 530 617 3 Europ. Patent EP 548 822 4 Europ. Patent EP 149 182 5 Europ. Patent EP 733 754 6 Europ. Patent EP 776 931 7 Europ. Patent EP 600 332. PLEXIGLAS Ref. No. 211-1 02/2 Page 4/7
United States Patent [191 Schaefer US00570 1 006A Patent Number: 5,701,006 Dec. 23, 1997 [11] [45] Date of Patent: METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING DISTANCES USING FIBER
US007039530B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent N0.:US 7 9 039 9 530 B2 Bailey et al. (45) Date of Patent: May 2, 2006 (Us) FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS (73) Asslgnee. ' . Ashcroft Inc., Stratford, CT (US) EP EP 0 1 621 059 462 516 A2 A1 10/1994 12/2000
USOO6039279A United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 6,039,279 Datcuk, Jr. et al. (45) Date of Patent: Mar. 21, 2000 FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
