NVQ Guidance For Candidates - Edexcel
Guidance for candidatesNVQEdexcel NVQ guidance for candidatesIssue 3August 2006
Edexcel, a Pearson company, is the UK’s largest awarding body, offering academicand vocational qualifications and testing to more than 25,000 schools, colleges,employers and other places of learning in the UK and in over 100 countriesworldwide. Qualifications include GCSE, AS and A Level, NVQ and our BTEC suite ofvocational qualifications from entry level to BTEC Higher National Diplomas,recognised by employers and higher education institutions worldwide.We deliver 9.4 million exam scripts each year, with more than 90% of exam papersmarked onscreen annually. As part of Pearson, Edexcel continues to invest in cuttingedge technology that has revolutionised the examinations and assessment system.This includes the ability to provide detailed performance data to teachers andstudents which helps to raise attainment.References to third party material made in this document are made in good faith.Edexcel does not endorse, approve or accept responsibility for the content ofmaterials, which may be subject to change, or any opinions expressed therein.(Material may include textbooks, journals, magazines and other publications andwebsites.)Authorised by Roger BeardPrepared by Caroline JolliffAll the material in this publication is copyright Edexcel Limited 2009
CONTENTSSection 1: General information about Edexcel NVQs1Introduction1What are NVQs?1Explanation of levels2What is the structure of an NVQ unit?3Who is involved in NVQs?4How are NVQs achieved?6How do I start my NVQ?6How will I achieve my NVQ?6How are NVQs assessed?6What is evidence?6When can simulation be used?9What is integration of assessment?9Section 2: How to compile your portfolio or logbook11What is a portfolio/logbook?11How will you plan your portfolio/logbook and the collection of yourevidence?11What must be in a portfolio/logbook?12What can be used as evidence?13Section 3: How should evidence be presented?17Your portfolio/logbook17Planning your portfolio18Starting your portfolio19Portfolio/logbook recording forms — explanation20
Section 4: Portfolio/logbook recording forms25Worked examples25Example form 1 — Portfolio title page27Example form 2 — Personal profile29Example form 3 — Contents checklist31Example form 4 — Index of evidence33Example form 5 — Unit assessment plan35Example form 6 — Unit progress and sign-off record37Example form 7 — Element achievement record39Example form 8 — Knowledge evidence record41Example form 9 — Personal statement43Example form 10 — Observation record45Example form 11 — Witness testimony47Example form 12 — Expert witness evidence record49Example form 13 — Record of questions and candidate’s answers51
Section 1: General information aboutEdexcel NVQsIntroductionPlease read this guidance, as it gives you up-to-date information about EdexcelNVQs. This should be read alongside the Edexcel NVQ logbook for candidates for yourqualification.What are NVQs?National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) are work-based qualifications throughwhich the skills and knowledge people need to perform their jobs effectively areassessed. The qualifications are based on National Occupational Standards (NOS),which define what employees, or potential employees, must be able to do and know,and how well they undertake work tasks and work roles.The NOS are defined by organisations known as Sector Skills Councils (SSCs) andStandard Setting Bodies (SSBs). These organisations are made up of representativesfrom the relevant professions, industries and businesses.Each NVQ is designed to fit into the National Qualifications Framework (NQF), whichcompares different qualifications in the UK and throughout Europe. You can find outmore about the NQF from the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority (QCA) website:www.qca.org.ukNVQs are open to everybody. You do not normally need to meet any entryrequirements, or age restrictions, there is no fixed time in which to complete yourNVQ and you do not have to achieve it all at once. The only limitation is the lifetimeof the qualification.Sometimes candidates might need special assessment arrangements in order toprovide equal opportunities to those with special learning and learning supportrequirements. You must talk with your assessor, tutor or employer if you think thatyou might need special arrangements.NVQs are updated every few years to ensure that they continue to meet the changingneeds of the occupational sectors. An explanation of the levels is provided on thefollowing page.NVQs are normally available at five levels, which reflect the range of technical andsupervisory skills, knowledge and experience that employees should have as theyprogress in job roles. Some SSCs/SSBs may not always develop the of NVQs possible ateach level.NVQ guidance for candidates — Edexcel NVQ guidance for candidates — Issue 3 — August 2006 Edexcel Limited 20091
Explanation of levelsLevelYou must show your competence:Level 1in a range of activities that are largely routine and predictable.Level 2in a broader range of work activities that are less routine andpredictable. Your job role will need to have some autonomy andresponsibility and may require you to work as part of a team.Level 3by applying your knowledge and skills while carrying out a broadrange of varied work activities, most of which are complex and nonroutine. Your job role will have considerable autonomy orresponsibility, and often require you to manage others.Level 4Level 52through complex work activities, which requires technicalknowledge. Your job role requires substantial personal autonomy andoften requires you to take responsibility for the work of others andfor allocating resources.when carrying out activities in a wide range of situations, which areoften unpredictable. Substantial responsibility and autonomy isinvolved in the job role, which requires deciding on the allocation ofresources and the work of others. This level requires the use ofcomplex skills such as analysis, design and evaluation.NVQ guidance for candidates — Edexcel NVQ guidance for candidates — Issue 3 — August 2006 Edexcel Limited 2009
What is the structure of an NVQ unit?All NVQs have a common structure. Different SSCs or SSBs may vary the layout of aunit. Please see the relevant logbook for your qualification for exact layout andterminology.NVQs are made up of standards that can be broken down into the following parts,sometimes they might be labelled differently:Unit summary sheetUnit:Unit titleThe title describes a role or task.Element:ElementEach unit is made up of a number ofelements. Each element describes aspecific work activity that you have toperform and the skills, knowledge orunderstanding required.Performance criteriaPerformance criteriaThese set out what you must do toshow you can perform the work taskcompetently. Assessors judgecandidates’ performance against thesecriteria. All of the performance criterianeed to be met.Evidence requirementsEvidence requirementsThese specify the amount and type ofevidence that you need to provide toshow you have met the requirements ofthe element.RangeRange statementsEach statement defines the differentsituations in which you must show youcan perform competently. Candidatesmust cover all the items in the range.Knowledge and understandingKnowledgeUnderstandingKnowledge and understandingThis states what you must know andunderstand, and how this knowledgeapplies to your jobs.NVQ guidance for candidates — Edexcel NVQ guidance for candidates — Issue 3 — August 2006 Edexcel Limited 20093
Who is involved in NVQs?A number of individuals and organisations are involved in NVQ assessment. Their roleshave been designed to guarantee fair, accurate and consistent assessment.CentresEmployersCandidates4Who are they?What is their role? They are responsible for thequality of the qualification.They must work withinEdexcel’s policies andguidelines, for example, toprovide a realistic workingenvironment (RWE), wheresimulation is permitted by thestandards. Centres appoint assessors andinternal verifiers. Once a year, centres mustreview the operation of theprogramme and candidates’performance (see Review andevaluation in Section 4). Employers play a key role inthe delivery of NVQs. Theywork with centres to definethe training needs of anindividual, negotiating ordefining as needed, levels,options and pathways. Theagreed programme will dependupon the nature of theenvironment and, the sectorneeds as well as the needs ofthe individual. Employers work with assessorsto support candidates byproviding training andexperience opportunitiesduring their NVQ. Employers provide assessmentevidence through suchmechanisms as expert witnessstatements or observations. They need to show they canperform to national standardsin order to be awarded an NVQor unit(s).Organisations that offer NVQson behalf of Edexcel. Theymay be schools, colleges,universities, trainingproviders or employers. Employers may represent theactual employer of anemployee who is beingassessed or they may be aprovider of work experienceopportunities to candidateswho are based in a centre. Employees can be permanentor temporary, paid orvoluntary. The people who want toachieve the NVQ, egemployees.NVQ guidance for candidates — Edexcel NVQ guidance for candidates — Issue 3 — August 2006 Edexcel Limited 2009
Who are they?What is their role?Witnesses Line managers, colleagues orcustomers with whom thecandidate interacts. Witnesses provide theevidence of a specific aspectof the candidate’sachievements. This must beauthenticated by the assessoror an expert witness.Expertwitnesses Occupationally competentpeople with expertise inspecific units of the NVQ,they can give a professionalopinion as to the competenceof a candidate. Their professional role mustinvolve evaluating theeveryday practice of staff.Expert witnesses contribute tothe evidence of competentperformance in the workplace,especially where there are nooccupationally competentassessors for specific optionunits.Assessors The people who assess thecandidates and decide if theyhave met the requiredstandard, eg supervisors.They must hold aqualification in assessment. Assessors judge a candidate'sevidence of performance,knowledge and understandingagainst the national standardsand decide whether they havedemonstrated competence.Internalverifier (IV) People appointed by thecentre, eg supervisor's linemanager, who ensure thatassessors apply the standardsconsistently. IVs advise and supportassessors and maintain thequality of assessment in acentre. They sample assessmentssystematically to confirm thequality and consistency ofassessment decisions.People appointed by Edexcelto ensure that standards arebeing applied uniformly andconsistently across all centresoffering the NVQ. EVs check the quality andconsistency of assessments,both within and betweencentres by systematicallysampling evidence. They make regular visits tocentres to ensure that theycontinue to meet the approvalcriteria. Issues candidates’ certificatesso that employers can be surethe qualification has beengained after a rigorous andeffective assessment process.Externalverifier (EV)Edexcel Your awarding body,approved by the regulator tooffer qualifications andawards. Edexcel providesqualifications throughout theworld.NVQ guidance for candidates — Edexcel NVQ guidance for candidates — Issue 3 — August 2006 Edexcel Limited 20095
How are NVQs achieved?When you consistently meet the standards described in the elements and show thatyou have the required skills and knowledge, you can then claim that you arecompetent. You can claim certification for single units or for the whole qualification.Your claim to competence is registered through your awarding body. The awardingbody you are registered with for this NVQ is Edexcel. The certification is claimedfrom Edexcel through your ‘centre’ (eg college, employer or training provider).How do I start my NVQ?Gaining an NVQ is flexible and depends on your needs.At the beginning of the process, your assessor will review your skills, knowledge andexperience in relation to the NOS and identify the most suitable NVQ level. The levelyou start at will depend on the type and breadth of your current job role togetherwith your past experience, qualifications, skills and any relevant prior learning. Thelevel you start at may also depend on your employer in terms of the skills they needto support their business.How will I achieve my NVQ?To achieve an NVQ, or a unit of an NVQ, you must demonstrate that you meet therequirements of the performance criteria by collecting the evidence specified in theevidence requirements. This evidence is assessed against the national standards by aqualified assessor, who will be allocated to you by your centre. This may be someonewho knows you, such as a manager or supervisor.How are NVQs assessed?Assessment is based on what you can do and involves you (the candidate), yourassessor, an internal verifier and an external verifier — see Who is involved in NVQs?on pages 4 and 5.You will be asked to prove you are competent by providing evidence that shows you: can perform all the specified tasks consistently to the required standard understand why you are doing things (knowledge and understanding) can apply the required skills in different ways (range).Assessment is flexible and you can be awarded a certificate for each unit youachieve, even if you do not complete the full NVQ. There is no set period of time inwhich you need to complete a unit or NVQ (other than the lifetime of thequalification).You and your assessor should set target dates for completing each unit. Be realisticthough, as there are many things such as your previous experience, demands in yourworkplace and access to resources that might affect how quickly you are able toachieve the qualification.What is evidence?To claim competence for an NVQ unit you need to gather evidence which shows youhave met the standards. It is important that your evidence can be is easily found sothat it can be checked against the standards, by both your assessor and the awardingbody.6NVQ guidance for candidates — Edexcel NVQ guidance for candidates — Issue 3 — August 2006 Edexcel Limited 2009
Evidence can take many forms including: the Accreditation of Prior Experience and Learning (APEL) — wherequalifications you already have can count towards an NVQ unit or where evidencerelates to past experience or achievements, this may also be known asAccreditation of Prior Achievement (APA) observation of current practice by your assessor — where evidence is generatedfrom a job or voluntary role and where your assessor may ask you questions aboutaspects of what you have done witness statements — might be a colleague or a customer. You need to work withyour assessor to make sure that your witness statements are acceptable expert witness statements — this would normally be someone working at orabove the level of the NVQs you are undertaking, for example, a line or seniormanager work products — such as work you have undertaken yourself that show a level ofunderstanding or skill. You may have carried out this work as part of a job or,where permissible, it may have come from a simulation that is as close to arealistic working environment (RWE) as possible.There are more details and possibilities for evidence later on in this guidance. Thereis more information also in the Edexcel NVQ logbook for your qualification.It is important that your evidence is: valid — it relates to the NVQ standard you are trying to achieve and claim authentic — the evidence, or an identified part of it (for example, a report), wasproduced by you consistent — achieved on more than one occasion current — usually not more than two years old, but your assessor will advise onthis sufficient — covers all the areas of competence needed, as described in eachunit.You should check carefully that your evidence covers all of the above — if you are inany doubt about whether to use a piece of evidence, you should ask your assessor forguidance.You can collect your evidence through a range of sources, such as your job, voluntarywork, training and interests/activities outside your work. You can produce yourevidence in various formats, eg reports, work products, testimonies from colleagues,supervisors or members of the public, projects, models, audio tapes, photographs,videos.When you begin your Edexcel NVQ, you and your assessor should identify all units andelements where you can use integration of assessment. Further details aboutintegration of assessment can be found on page 9.NVQ guidance for candidates — Edexcel NVQ guidance for candidates — Issue 3 — August 2006 Edexcel Limited 20097
Demonstrating knowledge, understanding and skillsIn order to meet the standards, you might also need to prove your knowledge andunderstanding. Each unit gives a list summarising the knowledge, understanding andskills you must possess. Evidence of how you have achieved and applied this could beincluded as one or all of the following. descriptions of why a particular approach was used personal reports about the learning process reflective reports which include how a theory or principle was applied assessment interviews assessment tests responses to questioning.All your varying types of evidence should be included in your portfolio/logbook orcross-referenced to where they are kept in your workplace or electronically.How will my assessor check I have the knowledge and understanding listed in thestandards?For some units, it will be clear to your assessor that you have the knowledge andunderstanding needed from how you carry out your work. There will be otheroccasions when your assessor will be unsure if you know why, for example, it isimportant to give information to clients in certain situations. This could be becauseyour assessor has not had the opportunity to observe all the evidence needed. Inthese situations, your assessor might assess your knowledge and understanding byasking you some questions. These questions can be given verbally or in writing.Sometimes it may be more convenient for the assessor to ask you to carry out anadditional activity.What if I have previous experience or knowledge and understanding from workand other qualifications?If you have previous work experience, skills, knowledge and understanding which youfeel is relevant to your NVQ, you should tell your assessor about it. Your assessormight ask you for more proof in the form of, for example, letters from previousemployers/training providers or details about any courses you have completed andwill need to see your certificates. For example, you may have completed units froman Edexcel Level 3 BTEC National Diploma, which are relevant to some of the unitsthat you are taking for your Edexcel Level 3 NVQ.The process of matching your previous experience and learning is referred to as theAccreditation of Prior Experience and Learning (APEL). The purpose of this process isto try and give you some credit towards your Edexcel NVQ for things you can alreadydo at the level of the NVQ. This means that your assessor should not have to assessyou for these things all over again.The success of this process depends on you telling your assessor what previousqualifications, work experience or knowledge you have and how you think it isrelevant to your NVQ. The more information you can supply to support your claims,the easier it should be to show your assessor that you are competent.8NVQ guidance for candidates — Edexcel NVQ guidance for candidates — Issue 3 — August 2006 Edexcel Limited 2009
When can simulation be used?Throughout your NVQ, you should be able to carry out real work activities soassessment will normally be carried out in your workplace. The NVQ will normallyspecify which units may need a differing approach.There may be times, however, when it might not be appropriate for you to beassessed while you are wor
Portfolio/logbook recording forms — explanation 20. Section 4: Portfolio/logbook recording forms 25 Worked examples 25 Example form 1 — Portfolio title page 27 Example form 2 — Personal profile 29 Example form 3 — Contents checklist 31 Example form 4 — Index of evidence 33
the Edexcel Level 2 NVQ Diplomas in Food and Beverage Service and Beverage Service (QCF): Qualification title Qualification Accreditation Number (QAN) Accreditation start date Edexcel Level 2 NVQ Diploma in Food an d Beverage Service (QCF) 500/9937/1 01/06/10 Edexcel Level 2 NVQ Diploma in Be verage Service (QCF) 500/9903/6 01/06/10
Contents Purpose of this specification 1 1 Introducing Edexcel NVQ qualifications 2 What are NVQ qualifications? 2 2 Qualification summary and key information 3
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