AMERICAN CIVIL WAR 1861–1865 Fact Booklet 1861–1865

Fact BookletAMERICAN CIVIL WAR1861–1865Fact BookletAMERICAN CIVIL WAR1861–1865Interesting Facts About the Men who Served 10,413 Union soldiers were under the age of 18when they enlisted. Many drummer boys were as young as 10years old.Think this top hat willprotect my head?Battle of Nashville, 1864Discover your inner explorer. Try these search terms for moreinformation: Civil War battles, Qauntrill’s Raiders, Civil War causes6 Print this fact booklet off our website www.worldtreasures.orgCopyright2010 by Museum of World TreasuresDrummer Boy Orion Howe Of the 1,098 officers in the Union Army atthe start of the war, 286 resigned to join theConfederacy. Of the 15,269 soldiers in the Union Army atthe start of the war, only 26 officially joined theConfederate Army.

Fact BookletAMERICAN CIVIL WAR1861–1865Prisoners of WarOne interesting feature of the Civil War, isthousands of soldiers fought for both sides atone point or another. Many Confederates werecaptured by the Union army and later released. Forreasons including survival and protection, onesource estimates at least 6,000 of these Confederatesoldiers volunteered to serve in the Union Armyout West. These men were called “GalvanizedYankees,” suggesting they had changed colors onthe outside, but were the same inside. After thewar ended, most stayed out West because they wereshunned in the South.Fort Delaware prison campFact BookletAMERICAN CIVIL WAR1861–1865Union Forces: estimated at 2,000,000 and madeup of whites, African Americans and NativeAmericans. To command all the men, the Unionhad 583 generals led by Lieutenant General U.S.Grant.Confederate Forces: estimated between 600,000and 750,000 made up of whites and NativeAmericans. In March 1865, near the end of theCivil War, the Confederate Congress allowedAfrican Americansto serve in theirmilitary. Somewere seen drillingin Richmond, VA,but none served incombat and thereis no record ofAfrican Americansenlisting in theConfederate Army.The ConfederateArmy had 425generals led byGeneral Robert E.Lee.Civil War soldier

Fact BookletAMERICAN CIVIL WAR1861–1865War HonorsThe Medal of Honorbecame a permanentdecoration in 1863, duringthe Civil War. The president,on behalf of Congress,awarded 1,520 soldiers,sailors, and Marinesthe Medal of Honorfor either conspicuousconduct in battle or for capturinga Confederate flag. One soldier,Captain Thomas Custer, wasawarded two Medalsof Honor – once forcapturing the flag and oncefor capturing two standsof colors, which marked aregiment’s location. He wasthe only person to receive twoMedals.The Confederates createdwhat they called “TheRoll of Honor,” whichexisted in writing. Theynever made and awardedany actual medals.Front and back of ThomasGehegan’s Medal of Honor,which was revoked after he wascharged with misconduct.Fact BookletAMERICAN CIVIL WAR1861–1865The Last SurvivorsAlbert Woolson was the last Union survivor. InOctober 1864 he joined the 1st Minnesota Artilleryas a drummer boy. He died on August 2, 1956 atage 109.John Salling was the last Confederate survivor. In1862 he joined the 25th Virginia Infantry Regiment.He died onMarch 16,1959 at age112.John Salling, oldest Confederate survivor. Phototaken 1953 by Allan Grant for Time, Inc.

Fact BookletAMERICAN CIVIL WAR1861–1865Fact BookletAMERICAN CIVIL WAR1861–1865New StatesWar CasualtiesAt the beginning of the Civil War there were 33states. By the end there were 36 states. Thirteen ofthese formally seceded from the Union. By 1870, all13 seceded states were readmitted to the Union.The Civil War claimed more casualties than anywar the U.S. has ever participated in. Union deaths approximately 360,000 Confederate deaths approximately 258,000 Combined roughly 620,000 deaths at least 471,427 woundedtotals 1,094,453 casualties.The Civil War was the only war that created a state.Forty counties of western Virginia did not agreewith Virginia’s decision to leave the Union. As aresult, West Virginia was made a separate state onJune 20, 1863.The entire population of the United States in 1865was 35.2 million, which means more than 3 percentof the population was wounded or killed during thewar.Battle of Gettysburg, 1863Originially, the state name Kanawha was proposed for the countiesof Virginia that stayed with the Union. The name came from theKanawha River that flows through the state. When it was formallyadmitted to the Union in 1863, the state was named West Virginia.Battles were deadly, but most soldiers died fromdisease. According to one account 250,000 Unionsoldiers and 164,000 confederate soldiers died ofdisease.

Fact BookletAMERICAN CIVIL WAR1861–1865Fact BookletAMERICAN CIVIL WAR1861–1865Civil War InnovationsA War by Many Names Clara Barton headed up efforts to get food,clothing, and medical supplies to soldiers duringthe war. She went on to found the American RedCross in 1881.The American Civil War had many differentnames. How many of these have you heard?War Between the StatesWar Against Northern AggressionSecond American RevolutionWar of Attempted SecessionLost CauseWar of the Rebellion Triage is a process of classifying the injured todetermine in what order to treat them. The conceptof triage started in France in the early 1800s.Advances made during the American Civil Warincluded an established military field ambulanceservice and aid stations where the wounded withnon-life threatening injuries could be treated insteadof left to die on the battlefield.Brothers’ WarLate UnpleasantnessWar Against the StatesMr. Lincoln’s WarYankee InvasionConfederate WarGreat RebellionWar of SecessionWar for the Union In 1861, Dr. Richard Gatlingpatented the Gatling gun. It wasa hand-driven, crank-operated,multi-barrelled weapon. Oneof the first machine guns,a Gatling gun could shoothundreds of rounds a minute. Matthew Brady and thoseGatling gun reproductionwho worked with himon exhibit in theAmerican Frontierphotographed the Americanexhibit.Civil war. It was the first timea war had been photo-documented and thecarnage the photos displayed increased publicawareness about the uglier side of military conflict.War for AbolitionSouthern RebellionWar for SeparationWar of the SixtiesWar of the RebellionWar Against SlaveryWar of the SouthronsWar for States’ RightsWar for Southern RightsWar for Southern FreedomWar of the North and SouthSecond War for IndependenceWar for Southern NationalityWar of the Southern PlantersThe War for Southern IndependenceThe War for Constitutional Liberty .Discover your inner explorer. Try these search terms for moreinformation: Civil War battles, Qauntrill’s Raiders, Civil War causes6 Print this fact booklet off our website www.worldtreasures.orgCopyright2010 by Museum of World Treasures

AMERICAN CIVIL WAR 1861–1865 AMERICAN CIVIL WAR 1861–1865 Civil War soldier Union Forces: estimated at 2,000,000 and made up of whites, African Americans and Native Americans. To command all the men, the Union had 583 generals led by Lieutenant General U.S. Grant. Confederate Forces: es