U.S. International Economic Accounts: Concepts And Methods
U.S. InternationalEconomic Accounts:Concepts and MethodsInternational Transactions Accounts,International Investment Position Accounts,Activities of Multinational Enterprises, andOther International Economic AccountsJuly onAccounts
U.S. InternationalEconomic Accounts:Concepts and MethodsInternational Transactions Accounts,International Investment Position Accounts,Activities of Multinational Enterprises, andOther International Economic AccountsJuly 2021U.S. Department of CommerceGina RaimundoSecretaryBureau of Economic AnalysisMary BohmanActing Director(301) ea newsJuly 20, 2021
Bureau of Economic AnalysisU.S. International Economic Accounts: Concepts and MethodsPrefaceThis volume details the concepts and methods used by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis(BEA) to prepare the U.S. International Economic Accounts. It updates and expands BEA’s previous volume that that was released on the BEA website in 2014. The 2014 volume accompanied a2014 comprehensive restructuring of several of the accounts—the most significant change in thestructure and presentation of these accounts since 1976. The 2014 volume expanded on an earlier2011 volume by covering the International Investment Position (IIP) Accounts and statistics on theactivities of multinational enterprises (AMNE), along with the featured International TransactionsAccounts (ITAs).This volume builds on the 2014 volume by adding coverage of several other InternationalEconomic Accounts: the monthly statistics on trade in goods and services, the international services statistics, the statistics on direct investment by country and industry, and the statistics on newforeign direct investment in the United States. This volume also expands and updates the coverageof the three core accounts. It provides considerably more detail on the AMNE statistics and reflectschanges in 2020 to the trade in services and secondary income components of the ITAs. It alsoincludes a new appendix on the projection methods used to prepare the ITAs and the IIP Accountsbefore complete source data are available.This volume will be updated periodically to reflect changes in concepts, sources, and methods asthey are introduced into the U.S. International Economic Accounts. In addition, new material maybe introduced as needed to provide thorough and up-to-date documentation of important topicsand issues related to these accounts.BEA acknowledges the influence of the International Monetary Fund’s Balance of Payments andInternational Investment Position Manual, Sixth Edition (BPM6) on the structure and content ofthis volume.Prefaceiii
Bureau of Economic AnalysisU.S. International Economic Accounts: Concepts and tionDefinitionABCPAsset-backed commercial paperF&OFinancial and operatingACEAutomated CommercialEnvironmentF.A.S.Free alongside shipAMNEActivities of multinationalenterprisesF.O.B.Free on boardAPIApplication programming interfaceFATSForeign affiliates statisticsAPISAdvance Passenger InformationSystemFCRSForeign Credit Reporting SystemARCAirlines Reporting CorporationFDIUSForeign direct investment in theUnited StatesBD4Benchmark Definition of ForeignDirect Investment, Fourth EditionFFIECFederal Financial InstitutionsExamination CouncilBEAU.S. Bureau of Economic AnalysisFISIMFinancial intermediation servicesindirectly measuredBISBank for International SettlementsFRBFederal Reserve BoardBLSU.S. Bureau of Labor StatisticsFRBNYFederal Reserve Bank of New YorkBOPBalance of paymentsGAAPGenerally accepted accountingprinciplesBPM5Balance of Payments Manual, FifthEditionGATSGeneral Agreement on Trade inServicesBPM6Balance of Payments and InternationalInvestment Position Manual, Sixth EditionGATTGeneral Agreement on Tariffs andTradeBTSBureau of Transportation StatisticsGDPGross domestic productCBPU.S. Customs and Border ProtectionGNIGross national incomeDHSU.S. Department of HomelandSecurityHSHarmonized Commodity Descriptionand Coding SystemDOCU.S. Department of CommerceI-0Input-outputDODU.S. Department of DefenseICEIntercontinental ExchangeDOEU.S. Department of EducationICTInformation and communicationtechnologyDTCCDepository Trust and ClearingCorporationIIEInstitute of International EducationEBOPSExtended Balance of PaymentsClassification SystemIIPInternational investment positionECFMGEducational Commission for ForeignMedical GraduatesIMFInternational Monetary FundTable continuesAbbreviationsiv
Bureau of Economic AnalysisU.S. International Economic Accounts: Concepts and nIRSInternal Revenue ServiceOMBOffice of Management and BudgetISIInternational Surveys IndustryPP&EProperty, plant, and equipmentISICInternational Standard IndustrialClassificationR&DResearch and developmentITA(s)International TransactionsAccount(s)SDR(s)Special drawing right(s)MMF(s)Money market fund(s)SEVISStudent and Exchange VisitorSystemMNCMultinational companySIATSurvey of International Air TravelersMNE(s)Multinational enterprise(s)SICU.S. Standard IndustrialClassificationMSCIMorgan Stanley Capital InternationalSNASystem of National AccountsMSITSManual on Statistics of InternationalTrade in ServicesSOFRSecured Overnight Financing RateNAICSNorth American IndustryClassification SystemTICTreasury International CapitalNASSNational Agricultural StatisticsServiceTIPSTreasury Inflation-ProtectedSecuritiesNATONorth Atlantic Treaty OrganizationTRIPSAgreement on Trade-Related Aspectsof Intellectual Property RightsNAWSNational Agricultural WorkersSurveyUBOUltimate beneficial ownerNCD(s)Negotiable certificate(s) of depositUISUNESCO Institute for Statisticsn.i.e.Not included elsewhereUNComtradeUnited Nations International TradeStatistics DatabaseNIPA(s)National Income and ProductAccount(s)UNCTADUnited Nations Conference on Tradeand DevelopmentNPISH(s)Nonprofit institution(s) servinghouseholdsUNESCOUnited Nations Educational,Scientific, and Cultural OrganizationNTTONational Travel and Tourism OfficeUSAIDU.S. Agency for InternationalDevelopmentOBEOffice of Business EconomicsUSDIAU.S. direct investment abroadOECDOrganisation for Economic Cooperation and DevelopmentUSPSU.S. Postal ServiceOLFCOffice of Foreign Labor CertificationWTOWorld Trade OrganizationAbbreviationsv
Bureau of Economic AnalysisU.S. International Economic Accounts: Concepts and MethodsTable of ContentsPart I. Introduction and Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Chapter 1. Purpose and Structure of the Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Chapter 2. Brief History of the Accounts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Overview of historical changes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Changes prior to the comprehensive restructuring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Changes associated with the comprehensive restructuring of the accounts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Changes following the comprehensive restructuring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Chapter 3. Data Sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16BEA survey data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20BEA data collection programs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Sampling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Editing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Universe estimation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Data protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Treasury International Capital survey data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24The TIC reporting system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Chapter 4. Relationship to Other Economic Accounts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Chapter 5. Release and Update Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Update cycles for core International Economic Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30International Transactions Accounts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30International Investment Position Accounts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Statistics on the activities of multinational enterprises. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Update cycles for other international accounts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Monthly goods and services statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31International services statistics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Direct investment by country and industry statistics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Statistics on new foreign direct investment in the United States. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Dissemination of statistics and related analyses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Table continuesContentsvi
Bureau of Economic AnalysisU.S. International Economic Accounts: Concepts and MethodsPart II. Conceptual Framework. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Chapter 6. Economic Territory and Residence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Economic territory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Residence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Individuals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Business enterprises and nonprofit institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36General government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36International organizations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Partner country classifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Chapter 7. Institutional Units and Sectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Institutional units. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Institutional sectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Chapter 8. Accounting Principles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Flows and positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Double-entry principle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Accounting periods, time of recording, and change in ownership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Valuation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Prices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Gross and net recording . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Chapter 9. Classification of Transactions and Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Current and capital accounts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Goods versus services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Primary income versus services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Current versus capital transfers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Financial assets and liabilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Classification by type of instrument. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Classifications by maturity, currency, and sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Functional categories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Table continuesContentsvii
Bureau of Economic AnalysisU.S. International Economic Accounts: Concepts and MethodsPart III. Statistical Methodology of International Transactions Accounts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Chapter 10. Introduction to the International Transactions Accounts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Seasonal adjustment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Chapter 11. Current-Account Goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70Concepts and coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70Departures from BPM6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Data sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Estimation methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Published components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77Goods, Census basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Balance of payments adjustments to Census-basis data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79Chapter 12. Current-Account Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Concepts and coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Departures from BPM6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86Data sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87BEA survey data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89Estimation methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92Maintenance and repair services n.i.e. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93Transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93Travel ( for all purposes including education) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101Insurance services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102Financial services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106Charges for the use of intellectual property n.i.e. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108Telecommunications, computer, and information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111Other business services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111Personal, cultural, and recreational services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112Government goods and services n.i.e. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114Table continuesContentsviii
Bureau of Economic AnalysisU.S. International Economic Accounts: Concepts and MethodsChapter 13. Current-Account Primary Income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116Concepts and coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116Departures from BPM6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117Data sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118Estimation methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120Investment income: direct investment income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120Investment income: portfolio investment income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125Investment income: other investment income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127Income attributable to insurance policy holders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129Investment income: reserve asset income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130Compensation of employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130Chapter 14. Current-Account Secondary Income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135Concepts and coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135Departures from BPM6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136Data sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136Estimation methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136General government transfers receipts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138Private transfers receipts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139General government transfers (payments). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139Private transfer payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142Chapter 15. Capital Account. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145Concepts and coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145Departures from BPM6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145Data sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145BEA survey data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145Other data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146Estimation methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146Capital transfers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146Acquisition and disposal of nonproduced nonfinancial assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147Chapter 16. Financial-Account Direct Investment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148Concepts and coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148Departures from BPM6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150Data sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151Estimation methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151Special issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155Table continuesContentsix
Bureau of Economic AnalysisU.S. International Economic Accounts: Concepts and MethodsChapter 17. Financial-Account Portfolio Investment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158Concepts and coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158Departures from BPM6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159Data sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160Estimation methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161Short-term debt securities and NCDs of any maturity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .161Equity and long-term debt securities, excluding long-term NCDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162Chapter 18. Financial-Account Other Investment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167Concepts and coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167Departures from BPM6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169Data sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169Estimation methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171Other equity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171Currency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171Deposits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172Loans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U.S. International Economic Accounts: Concepts and Methods. International Transactions Accounts, International Investment Position Accounts, Activities of Multinational Enterprises, and Other International Economic Accounts July 2021 (301) 278-9004. internationalaccounts@bea.gov. www.bea.gov @bea_news. July 20, 2021. U.S. Department of Commerce .
Independent Personal Pronouns Personal Pronouns in Hebrew Person, Gender, Number Singular Person, Gender, Number Plural 3ms (he, it) א ִוה 3mp (they) Sֵה ,הַָּ֫ ֵה 3fs (she, it) א O ה 3fp (they) Uֵה , הַָּ֫ ֵה 2ms (you) הָּ תַא2mp (you all) Sֶּ תַא 2fs (you) ְ תַא 2fp (you
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chart of accounts from a legacy system. You first need to create a new company database with a user-defined chart of accounts. You can also use DTW to add accounts to an existing chart of accounts, including a chart of accounts based on the default localization template. Use
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1.1 The Retail Banking sector performs a vital role in the economy. There are around 73 million current accounts and 4 million business accounts in the UK, and retail deposits – including current accounts, savings accounts and SME accounts – total around 1.5 trillion. Retail lending is a key driver of economic activity; UK households owe around 1.4 trillion in mortgages and 198 .
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ISO 14001:2015 – Why was the standard revised? Technically sound basis - should be based on proven management practices or existing scientifically validated and relevant data. Easily understood - should be easily understood, unambiguous, free from cultural bias, easily translatable, and applicable to businesses in general. Free trade - should permit the free trade of goods and .
