A Guide To ASTRO Digital Radios - Wiki.ad7zj
A Guide to ASTRO Digital RadiosR03.00.01 – August 2007Authored by r0fNote: This guide is NOT supported by Motorola Inc., nor does Motorola Inc. necessarily condone any information contained within,although it’s probably better than anything they could/would/should put out. The information is provided as-is for educationalbenefit only. ASTRO , ASTRO25 , SmartZone , SmartZone OmniLink , XTS 3000 , ASTRO Digital Saber , ASTRO Digital Spectra ,MT 1500 , PR 1500 , XTS 1500 , XTS 2500/2500RB , XTS 4000 , XTS 5000 , SSE 5000 , XTL 1500/1500RB , XTL 2500/2500RB and XTL 5000 are registered trademarks owned by Motorola Inc., all rights reserved.
Table of ContentsPreface .3History .4Model-specific Discussion: ASTRO Legacy Series .6ASTRO Digital Saber .6XTS 3000 . 10ASTRO Digital Spectra . 14Model-specific Discussion: ASTRO25 Series . 19XTS 5000 . 19XTS 2500 . 25XTS 4000 . 26XTS 1500 , SSE 5000 , XTL 2500 , XTL 1500 , XTL 2500 , XTL 5000 , MT 1500 , PR 1500 and Digital Spectra Plus . 27Radio Operating System (ROS) and DSP Firmware Discussion. 28ASTRO Firmware . 28ASTRO25 Firmware . 32FLASHport Technology . 46FLASHport Feature Chart. 47Hardware Hacking . 49Guidelines For Buying & Selling ASTRO /ASTRO25 Kit . 54Radio Programming: Software and Hardware Part Numbers . 55ASTRO & ASTRO25 Encryption Hardware . 56Change Log. 57Guide to ASTRO Digital Radios
PrefaceThe guide encompasses many modularized pieces of information which are scatteredthroughout Internet discussion boards, Motorola Inc. radio service manuals, service bulletins, technicalbriefs and personal technical notes assembled over the last six years. It is meant to serve as a technicaloutline and basis of understanding, to be used by radio enthusiasts, system planners and others whohave an interest in learning about Motorola Inc.’s ASTRO and ASTRO25 radio platforms.In this third edition of the Guide to ASTRO Digital Radios, improvements have been made tobetter organize the content and improve the formatting of key sections.Additional sections have been added including an advanced “hacking” introduction, an eBay listing & buying guide for ASTRO equipment and a brief introduction to system infrastructure includingthe Motorola Inc. Quantar station.The Guide to ASTRO Digital Radios fulfills a need for accurate and current information relatingto this tier of communications equipment. It is apparent by the repetitive questions posted on certainInternet discussion forums and limited information posted in eBay auctions there’s a definite need forthe information in this guide, which otherwise may not be known.The purpose of the Guide to ASTRO Digital Radios is to educate and enlighten radioenthusiasts and combine all available knowledge into one portable document.Corrections and contributions to the guide are always welcome. You may submit yourcorrespondence to shaun@p25.ca via email. All correspondence will be treated as confidential unlessstated otherwise.Guide to ASTRO Digital Radios
HistoryDevelopment of Motorola Inc.’s ASTRO products began sometime around 1992. This isevidenced through reference to the 1992 time-line in all versions of product firmware at address C03Dh.Figure 1.1 Screen-shot of host firmware code referencing 1992 development.It is believed Motorola Inc.’s first ASTRO product, the ASTRO Digital Saber , was released in1995. When it was introduced, it was marketed to the U.S. Military and federal government as areplacement and upgrade over existing SecureNet products.The ASTRO Digital Saber was capable of transmitting digital voice at 9.6Kbps using the C4FMmodulation scheme, in addition to transmitting regular analog FM signals and CVSD SecureNet .ASTRO , Motorola Inc.’s first digital voice platform, utilized the Vector Sum Excited LinearPrediction (VSELP) codec. (A variant of the Code Exciter Linear Prediction (CELP) codec family) VSELPcodec implementation in the ASTRO radio platform was at 4.8Kbps, with 2.1Kbps error correctioncoding (6.9Kbps).In 1995 or thereabouts, the Association of Public Safety Communications Officials (APCO)devised a plan called APCO Project-25, which outlines the standards for digital public safety radiocommunications systems.Digital Voice Systems Inc.’s (DVSI) Improved Multi-Band Excitation (IMBE ) codec was chosen asthe APCO-25 standard after tests were carried out to determine the most effective low-bitrate codec. Itwas determined the 4.4Kbps codec with 2.8Kbps of error correction coding (7.2Kbps) was best-suited forAPCO Project-25.Figure 1.2 Speech quality vs. channel condition. Inmarsat has formally tested the IMBE vocoder against a variety of CELP based codecs todetermine the speech quality under various channel conditions. The results of this evaluation illustrate that the IMBE Vocoder is very resilientto high Bit Error Rates. (Source: DVSI)Guide to ASTRO Digital Radios
Figure 1.3 Voice coder vs. channel condition evaluation. The evaluation of four 7.2 kbps speech coders by the Telecommunications IndustryAssociation (TIA) for the purpose of selecting a speech coder for the APCO Project 25 North American land mobile radio communication systemproduced the above results. During this evaluation, the IMBE Vocoder outperformed all codecs in every category. (Source: DVSI)Motorola Inc. engineers worked with DVSI to implement the IMBE codec into the ASTRO radio platform. In 1996, the first versions of host firmware which supported the IMBE codec weremade available along with Motorola Inc. FLASHport feature Q806/G806 (IMBE /APCO-25 digitaloperation).Upgrading an ASTRO Digital Saber or ASTRO Digital Spectra for ACPO Project-25 compliancywas as simple as ordering the update from Motorola Inc. and refreshing the radio’s host and DSPfirmware builds, and reconfiguring the codeplug to enable Q806/G806. New Radio Service Software(RSS) was also required.Another industry name for the APCO Project-25 IMBE codec is Common Air Interface (CAI).Later in 1996, Motorola Inc. released a new portable radio—the XTS 3000 . The XTS 3000 isalmost electronically identical to the ASTRO Digital Saber , with the exception that it has a four linedisplay, and has separate vocoder (Voice-coder/decoder) and controller PC boards, whereas the ASTRODigital Saber and ASTRO Digital Spectra share a common vocon (Vocoder-controller) board. Modelspecific details are discussed later in this guide.The second-generation ASTRO products debuted in 2002. They are referred to as ASTRO25 radios. These include the MT 1500 , PR 1500 , XTS 1500 , XTS 2500/2500RB , XTS 4000 , XTS 5000 ,SSE 5000 , XTL 1500/1500RB , XTL 2500/2500RB and XTL 5000 models. ASTRO25 series radiosoffer a dual-core CPU, expanded flash memory and full APCO-16/APCO-25 simultaneous support. Morespecific details are discussed later in this guide.Guide to ASTRO Digital Radios
Model-specific Discussion: ASTRO Legacy SeriesASTRO Digital Saber As stated earlier in the guide, Motorola Inc.’s flagship ASTRO radio was the ASTRO DigitalSaber which was released in approximately 1995.Figure 2.1 Motorola Inc.’s ASTRO Digital Saber (Model III)The ASTRO Digital Saber comes in four different band-splits. The VHF “K” split (136-174 MHz),the UHF range 1 “R” split (403-470 MHz), the UHF range 2 “S” split (450-520 MHz) and the 800 MHz “U”split (806-870 MHz). These band-splits may be slightly extended through Radio Service Software (RSS)and Customer Programming Software (CPS) hacks which are not covered in this edition of the Guide toASTRO Digital Radios. For UHF amateur radio operation, the UHF range 1 “R” (403-470 MHz) isdesired. The band-split is identified in the fourth character of the model number. Example:H04UCH9PW7AN. (ASTRO Digital Saber, Model III, 806-870 MHz).There are three different case-styles. Model I (no keypad or display), model II (display and sixgreen soft-key buttons) and model III (display, six green soft-key buttons and a full 12-digit numericalkeypad. Model I and II ASTRO Digital Sabers also come in an “R” ruggedized option. The casing foundon these versions is much thicker and the radio may be vacuum sealed for submergibility. They’re alsoapproved for intrinsic environments. In both scenarios, the radios MUST be pressurized by a certifiedtechnician for compliance and proper operation.Guide to ASTRO Digital Radios
There are two versions of the ASTRO Digital Saber : Versions manufactured prior to November1996—which contain a 512K vocon board and models manufactured post-November 1996, whichcontain a 1-meg vocon board. What’s the difference?512K vocons utilize three flash ROMs—two 256K flash ROMs (512K) for storage of the hostfirmware, and one 256K flash ROM for storage of the DSP firmware.1-meg vocons utilize a 1MB flash ROM to store the host firmware and one 256K ROM to storethe DSP firmware.Figure 2.2 ASTRO Digital Saber vocon boards. Photo “A” shows a 1-meg vocon. Photo “B” is a 512K version. ASTRO Digital Spectra vocons areidentical in appearance and layout, however a different connector is present and some components are missing. Note the distinguishing 1-megflash ROM (U205) in photo “A”.How do you know which version (vocon size) you have? Maybe you’re looking at an eBayauction or a table of “teh astors” at Dayton. Some ASTRO Digital Sabers have a distinct 1-meg stickeron the back—but you can’t always rely on this indicator. Some radios are parts-built (more on this later)or perhaps someone has swapped a 512K vocon in place of the original 1-meg vocon. The serial numbercan help one determine the vocon size, if the radio is original or a second-hand surplus unit from afederal government or police auction. Here is an example of a Motorola Inc. serial number which couldrepresent an ASTRO Digital Saber :Guide to ASTRO Digital Radios
310AXA0399The serial number can be broken down into sub-components which identify the year and weekof the original production. You may ignore the 310A (first four digits) of the serial number. Digit five (X)of the example serial number identifies the year of manufacture.In year 2000, Motorola Inc. started their alphabet calendar from “A”. So a radio with an (X)representing the build year, indicates a manufacture year of 1998. Here’s a breakdown to becomefamiliar with this scheme: (The alphabet keeps going up as each year passes. G 2007)U 1995V 1996W 1997X 1998Y 1999Z 2000A 2001B 2002Motorola Inc. discontinued the ASTRO Digital Saber in December 2002. The sixth digit in theexample serial number (A) indicates a two-week manufacturing period. (A) would indicate a radiomanufactured in the first two weeks of January. Here’s a week-by-week breakdown:A 1/2H 15/16O 29/30V 43/44B 3/4I 17/18P 31/32W 45/46C 5/6J 19/20Q 33/34X 47/48D 7/8K 21/22R 35/36Y 49/50E 9/10L 23/24S 37/38Z 51/52F 11/12M 25/26T 39/40G 13/14N 27/28U 41/42This serial number breakdown also applies to the ASTRO Digital Spectra , XTS 3000 and allASTRO25 -family radios.But it gets even more confusing. Any ASTRO Digital Saber or ASTRO Digital Spectra thatvisited the Motorola Inc. Service Depot after November 1996 received a 1-meg vocon upgrade at nocharge, as part of the flat-rate repair service. Why? Because it’s standard practice to refresh a radio’sfirmware during each visit to the depot. Before this is explained in further detail, it’s necessary toexplain the host firmware size-limitation of the 512K vocon.In 1999, Motorola Inc. released the final versions of host firmware which could fit into thelimited flash ROM space present on the 512K vocon. Since new radio-features, bug-fixes and audioenhancements required additional memory space which necessitated more memory than currentboards could offer, the 1-meg vocon was created. (Radio firmware is discussed later in this guide.)The last releases of IMBE 512K host firmware are:R05.60.04 / DSP x06.05.04 (ASTRO Digital Saber)R09.60.04 / DSP x06.05.04 (ASTRO Digital Spectra)In 2000, Motorola Inc. released the first builds of R07.xx.xx host firmware for the ASTRO DigitalSaber and XTS 3000 , and R11.xx.xx host firmware for the ASTRO Digital Spectra . This firmwarerequires the 1-meg vocon.Guide to ASTRO Digital Radios
Another method of obtaining information about an ASTRO Digital Saber’s firmwareversion/revision,encryption module firmware, encryption algorithms, band-split, serial number, voconsize and FLASHport features is to put it in service mode. This is accomplished by powering on the radio,and pressing the “.” button on the side of the radio five times, within the first 10 seconds ofcompleting the SELF TEST sequence. The radio will beep once and show SERVICE on the display. It willslowly (or quickly, depending host firmware version) scroll through this critical information. You mayrepeat the process several times if the information goes by too fast.The final, and most logical way to determine an ASTRO Digital Saber’s vocon size, is todisassemble the radio. Disassembly instructions are outlined in the ASTRO Digital Saber Basic ServiceManual. (68P81076C05) Compare your findings with the photographs in figure 2.2 of this guide.Despite being out of production, the ASTRO Digital Saber is still a favourite among radioenthusiasts and public-safety officials for its robust design and solid RF performance.Guide to ASTRO Digital Radios
XTS 3000 Released in 1996, this was Motorola Inc.’s first Cosmo-series portable radio. It is compatiblewith nearly all Jedi-series audio accessories, including speaker-mics, hirose adapters, key-loading cables,3.5mm threaded earphone adapters and other surveillance accessories. (Desirable at the time becauseof the MTS 2000 popularity)Figure 3.1 Motorola Inc.’s XTS 3000 (Model III) with speaker-mic.The XTS 3000 comes in identical band-splits as the ASTRO Digital Saber .Unlike the ASTRO Digital Saber , the XTS 3000 does not have a vocon board. Instead, there arefour PC boards which make up the radio. They are: The Voice coder/decoder (vocoder), the controller,the RF board and the optional encryption module.Guide to ASTRO Digital Radios
Figure 3.2 A photo illustration of various PC boards found inside of the Motorola Inc. XTS 3000 . The NTN9121A encryption moduleis of the new UCM (version R03.xx firmware) generation. Note the lack of a “vocon” (combined vocoder-controller) board, which is only foundin the ASTRO Digital Saber and ASTRO Digital Spectra products. Much confusion surrounds this issue on various Internet discussion forums.A common technical blunder which is often perpetuated on various Internet discussion boards isthat the XTS 3000 has a “vocon”. Posts are made where someone is selling or wishing to buy an XTS3000 vocon—no such item exists.There are two different controller-board versions: Type “A” and type “B”. The earlier “A” seriesboards have a different flex connector, which often fails during the disassembly/maintenance process,because of a weak mechanical design.Another redundant question that gets raised from time-to-time is how large an XTS 3000 “vocon” is, in terms of memory size. At this point you know there’s no vocon. But all XTS 3000 s have1M of flash ROM memory on the controller board to store host firmware in. There’s an urban legendabout a 512K XTS 3000 controller board, however there’s no such reference in the XTS 3000 DetailedService Manual (6881083C90-B) to a 512K controller. Additionally, there hasn’t been a 512K XTS 3000 offered for sale on “Bat Board” or eBay , in the last seven years.Guide to ASTRO Digital Radios
Figure 3.3 A photo illustration of the two different flex connectors used on Motorola Inc. XTS 3000 controller boards. This connectorinterfaces the user-electronics (knobs, buttons and switches) to the radio. Type “B” connectors are the most common. Type “A” connectors arerare and found only in early-production radios with older controller boards. Note the brittle design of the type “A” connector, which issusceptible to damage during the removal process.As Motorola Inc. customers begin replacing aging XTS 3000 s with newer ASTRO25 -familyportables, XTS 3000 s are available in mass quantity on eBay . One way to increase the value andperformance (New speaker, microphone, switches and knobs) of your XTS 3000 is to purchase a newhousing assembly on eBay from highly recommended seller panter88. His prices are typically 20-25 percent of what Motorola Inc. charges for the identical part. These replacement housings are Motorola Inc.original parts. Hundreds of enthusiasts have had solid transactions with this person.Other topics relating to buying and selling ASTRO and ASTRO25 radio equipment online arecovered later in this guide.Guide to ASTRO Digital Radios
XTS 3500The Motorola Inc. XTS 3500 was introduced as a bastard cousin to the XTS 3000. It was asupposed stepping-stone to the XTS 5000. The purpose was to increase the CPU speed and provide Type1 encryption support—or at least that’s what the rumour was.Figure 4.1 A photo illustration of a Motorola Inc. XTS 3500 portable radio. It is identical in appearance to the XTS 3000, except it has a purplekeypad and a different model number sticker above the speaker-grill.Make no mistake about it: This radio is just as feared and avoided as the Motorola Inc. SaberSi—another bastard radio. (Basically a MTS 2000 in a Saber case.)The Motorola Inc. XTS 3500 does not officially support trunking, yet there are plenty of themfloating around with trunking options installed. The radio uses its own firmware—independent of otherASTRO firmware platforms. The radio doesn’t even support transmit AGC—a very important featurewhich is discussed later in the guide.The bottom line is, yes the XTS 3500 exists, no you shouldn’t buy one unless you want aheadache and inferior audio with no features. Encryption modules for this portable are also quite rareon the used market.Guide to ASTRO Digital Radios
ASTRO Digital Spectra The ASTRO Digital Spectra was released in approximately 1995. It shares the same vocondesign as the ASTRO Digital Saber , however the boards are not compatible with each other.ASTRO Digital Spectras manufactured prior to November 1996 included 512K of flash ROMmemory for the host firmware. The same story of the ASTRO Digital Saber’s evolution to a 1M flashROM and the vocon swap-outs after a depot visit also apply to the ASTRO Digital Spectra . Please seethe ASTRO Digital Saber outline if you skipped down to this page.Figure 5.1 A photo illustration of a Motorola Inc. ASTRO Digital Spectra in a W7 dash-mount configuration. Pictured is the 50W version.The ASTRO Digital Spectra was manufactured in seven band-splits. They are:JKQR136-162 MHz146-174 MHz403-437 MHz (R1)438-470 MHz (R2 15W only)450-482 MHz (R3)S 482-512 MHz (R4)U 806-870 MHzThe band-split information is indicated in the model number as the fourth character.Information about the configuration of the radio is also indicated as the first character. (D) indicates adash-mount radio, (T) indicates a trunk/remote mount radio and (L) indicates the radio is configured tooperate in a console (dispatch) configuration. There are also rarer (M) (motorcycle) configuration ASTRODigital Spectras in circulation. The main differences are a different plastic face which does not expose amicrophone connector and a low-power (15W) PA. Many are 438-470 MHz split radios.Guide to ASTRO Digital Radios
Figure 5.2 A photo illustration of a model number tag on the rear of a Motorola Inc. ASTRO Digital Spectra . There are several useful pieces ofinformation displayed in the tag, including the model number, serial number, manufacture code (FLASHport ), host firmware flash ROM size(1M) and indication of a 2.5 KHz narrow-band RF board.The ASTRO Digital Spectra has been through many different revisions of command boards. Thecommand board is what interfaces the vocon to the control head, PA and RF boards. It is the nervecentre of the radio. If you’re buying a second-hand ASTRO Digital Spectra , you’ll need to becomeacquainted with the command board, as there are several modifications that must be performed toensure stable operation.In 2003, Motorola Inc. discovered their new Universal Cryptography Module (UCM) had a timingissue with the ASTRO Digital Spectra . The fault caused the module to intermittently fail when keyloading, receiving an over-the-air re-key communication (OTAR) or when the radio is first powered on.When the failure occurs, “Fail 09/10” or “Fail 01/90” may display on the control head. This issue isdiscussed in detail in SRN-1364.The fix is simple, but not for the faint of heart. It involves complete disassembly of the radio andremoval of the command board and access to the RF board on the underside of the radio, under theshield. A SMD rework station is required—or a steady hand and a 30W iron with a fine tip will suffice.Figure 5.3 ASTRO Digital Spectra command board. Note areas 1, 2 and 3. These areas require special attention as per SRN1364.Guide to ASTRO Digital Radios
Figure 5.4 A photo illustration which identifies various components which must be replaced or discarded. (Modifications have already beenperformed in this example.)Point 1 is C562. Remove and discard.Point 2 is VR403. The original part number is 4813830A22—a 9.1V Zener. You must replace itwith 4813830A26—a 13V Zener diode.Point 3 is R520 (10K). The original part number is 0611077A98. You must replace it with0611077A74—a 1K chip resistor.Point 4 is C334 on the RF board. The RF board is accessed under a shield, on the bottom side ofthe radio. Remove and discard.Once these modifications are complete, there are two more tweaks to do. One involvesinstalling a jumper between pins 2 and 8 of the accessory connector header on the command board.This completes the normally-closed emergency button switch. Enthusiasts have no use for an emergencybutton, and without the normally-closed switch installed, the radio will display random “Fail 01/90”errors upon power-up, and could cause malicious interference to occur on trunking/conventionalsystems when emergency beacons are transmitted. Installing this jumper is the equivalent of having theemergency switch in the “normal” non-activated state.Figure 5.5 A photo illustration showing pins 2 and 8 jumpered on the ASTRO Digital Spectra command board. This completes the normallyclosed emergency button switch, and prevents it from becoming activated. The radio behaves erratically when this switch is left open.Guide to ASTRO Digital Radios
Note not all command boards must be modified. Newer production boards have hadmodifications/changes made at the factory. If your serial number indicates a pre-2000 radio, you mustperform all modifications. Radios made in 2000 and 2001 (A and B in 5th place of serial number) musthave C562 from the command board and C334 from the RF board removed. No further modificationsare required. Do a physical inspection of the command board if in doubt.A second modification is made to the control head to disable the ignition-sense circuit. Normallya second ignition-sense line is required to be attached to an ignition-switched power supply. Thisactivates the radio when you start your vehicle. However, it’s extremely annoying if you’re using thisradio in a base-station configuration or have no use for this particular feature. The ON/OFF button willcontrol power to the radio.Figure 5.6 A photo illustration detailing the distal-end of a Motorola Inc. ASTRO Digital Spectra W5/W7 control-head.Photographs of the W5/W7 control-heads are detailed below.W3 (Hand-held control-head)models should work without any modifications and W9 models cannot be modified—or at least there isno data suggesting this can be done by manipulating jumpers in the control-head.Figure 5.7 A close-up photo illustration showing jumper configuration on a Motorola Inc. ASTRO Digital Spectra W5/W7 control-head, whichdisables the ignition-sense circuit, and allows for ON/OFF button operation.Guide to ASTRO Digital Radios
The W4 control-head can also be modified to disable the ignition-sense. JU1 and JU2 must beinstalled.Figure 5.8 blown-up schematic illustration of 0-ohm chip resistors JU1 and JU2 which must be installed on the Motorola ASTRO Digital Spectra W4 control-head if the ignition-sense circuit is to be disabled.The ASTRO Digital Spectra is available in low-power (15W) motorcycle versions, mid-power 4050W versions and 110W remote/trunk-mount high-power versions. Command boards, control-headsand vocon boards found in these various models are all compatible with each other, provided you havethe right interconnect board and cabling. (Refer to service manual for part numbers.) Additionally, youmust install a new codeplug/s-record with Lab-tool RSS when swapping heads. More on theseprocedures is discussed later in the guide.Encryption hardware modules used in the ASTRO Digital Spectra are 100% compatible withthose found in ASTRO Digital Sabers . As stated earlier in the guide, the vocons for both radios (Theencryption module attaches to the vocon) are nearly identical, with the exception of different interfaceconnectors. There are firmware-specific details to be aware of for compatibility. More about theencryption capabilities of Motorola Inc. ASTRO products is discussed later in the guide.Guide to ASTRO Digital Radios
Model-specific Discussion: ASTRO25 SeriesXTS 5000 This is the first ASTRO25 -series portable released to the market back in approximately late2003. It may look similar to the Motorola Inc. XTS 3000 portable, but under the case is a far superiorradio.The Patriot IC is the powerhouse of the radio. It’s a dual-core processor which contains both a32-bit micro-controller unit (MCU) and a 16-bit digital signal processor (DSP) in one IC package. Whatdoes this mean to you? Much faster boot-up time, superior audio tone and artifact removal and supportfor many internal/external options which are somewhat CPU intensive. The keypad operation is muchfaster and menus which may’ve lagged in the XTS 3000 are no longer an issue.Figure 6.1 Photo illustration of a Motorola Inc. XTS 5000 in a model III configuration.The cosmetics of the radio are also improved. The DTMF keypad is flush with the flat-front ofthe radio, the side-buttons are much more responsive (especially the PTT, which has a definite clickwhen pressed) and the channel knob feels much more solid. The XTS 3000 is inferior to thesedifferences.Under the hood it’s quite simple: An RF board (band-specific) and a vocon.Is the XTS 5000 worthy of an eBay purchase? It depends on your wallet and need for features.The ASTRO25 series radios are not easily manipulated for unauthorized features. (Lab-tool hacking, forexample.) What you purchase on eBay is what you will end up with, unless you pay for a legitimateFLASHport update to add features and/or upgrade radio firmware.Guide to ASTRO Digital Radios
With this said, the Motorola Inc. ASTRO25 line has been compromised. There exists a verycovert market which offers XTS 5000 portables with nearly all FLASHport features enabled, latesthost and DSP firmware and legitimate serial numbers. While there is no definite source for these radios,they do appear for sale on eBay and certain radio-related Internet discussion boards from time-to-time.The value of a featureless XTS 5000 with old host and DSP firmware (anything below R07.xx.xx) isabout 1000 US.Meantime, a feature-rich XTS 5000 with the latest firmware can easily fetch 2000 or more.Some enthusiasts d
Upgrading an ASTRO Digital Saber or ASTRO Digital Spectra for ACPO Project-25 compliancy was as simple as ordering the update from Motorola Inc. and refreshing the radio's host and DSP firmware builds, and reconfiguring the codeplug to enable Q806/G806. New Radio Service Software (RSS) was also required.
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