STATUS OF INDUSTRIAL HEMP IN TENNESSEE - TN.gov
W 777STATUS OF INDUSTRIALHEMP IN TENNESSEEEric Walker, Assistant ProfessorDepartment of Plant SciencesIntroductionSince 2015, Tennessee participants of the IndustrialHemp Agricultural Pilot Program have producedindustrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) for fiber, grainand phytocannabinoids, or cannabinoids that occurnaturally in the Cannabis spp. Production has beenof relatively small scale compared to other crops,and there have been successes and failures in thepilot program. Participants, Tennessee Departmentof Agriculture (TDA), Tennessee Crop ImprovementAssociation, Tennessee Hemp Industries Association(TN HIA), lawmakers, and university scientists havecollaborated on the pilot project to: Develop, improve, and abide by federal and statelaws, regulations, and guidelines. Identify suitable varieties, production practices,and pest management strategies to consistentlyproduce high-quality industrial hemp. Identify existing markets, develop new markets,and improve crop profitability.While there remain challenges related to laws,production, and marketing, the outlook is currentlypositive. Profitable industrial hemp production isnot a “get-rich-overnight” venture, and it will taketime for research on management and marketing.Currently in Tennessee, it is not even a “get-rich” or“guaranteed-to-make-a-profit” venture. However,many of Tennessee’s industrial hemp pilot programparticipants have entrepreneurial spirits and aredetermined to make industrial hemp a viableenterprise. While acknowledging the risks and thefact that industrial hemp is not suitable for everyproducer, it should be noted that some participantsin Tennessee are succeeding and investing theirknowledge in future growers.
History of Industrial Hemp Production in theUnited StatesIndustrial hemp was produced in the United Statesfrom 1645 until 1958. However, hemp productionmarkedly declined following the Civil War as cheaperimported jute and abaca displaced most domestichemp. Producers were later required to register withthe federal government following the Marijuana TaxAct of 1937, which was legislated to restrict US marijuana production. During World War II, jute and abacaimports were disrupted, and hemp production inthe United States briefly increased due to the implementation of an emergency program where the USDepartment of Agriculture Commodity Credit Corporation contracted with War Hemp Industries Inc. toproduce hemp as a domestic substitute. After the war,industrial hemp production significantly decreasedwith the last reported commercial industrial hempcrop in the United States being produced in Wisconsinin 1958. The Controlled Substance Act of 1970 categorized any product containing delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) as a Schedule I drug. Thereafter, thecultivation of all Cannabis sativa, including industrialhemp, became strictly regulated at the federal level.Industrial Hemp vs. MarijuanaIndustrial hemp is the same genus and species asmarijuana, but industrial hemp has no psychoactiveeffects.MarijuanaMarijuana is federally defined as “all parts of theplant Cannabis sativa L., whether growing or not;the seeds thereof; the resin extracted from any partof such plant; and every compound, manufacture,salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of such plant,its seeds or resin. Such term does not include themature stalks of such plant, fiber produced from suchstalks, oil, or cake made from the seeds of such plant,any other compound, manufacture, salt, derivative,mixture, or preparation of such mature stalks (exceptthe resin extracted therefrom), fiber, oil, or cake, orthe sterilized seed of such plant which is incapable ofgermination.” 21 USC 802(d) (16)THC is the primary psychoactive cannabinoid, orchemical constituent, in marijuana, and 3-20 percentTHC is reportedly found in the plant (on a dry weightbasis). Marijuana plant parts — usually the flowers,buds, and leaves — are prepared or processed insuch a way as to allow the user of marijuana to inhaleor absorb THC to achieve a psychoactive state ofSTATUS OF INDUSTRIAL HEMP IN TENNESSEEmind, or “high.” Some information suggests thatsimilar methods of intake of cannabinoids, namelycannabidiol (CBD) and THC, taken individually or incombination, may treat certain medical conditions.Because CBD is not psychoactive — and thereforedoes not produce a high — yet is believed to imparttherapeutic benefits, there is particular interest in thiscannabinoid for medicinal use. However, more data isneeded to fully understand the short- and long-termeffects of CBD, THC, and other cannabinoidson the patient or the disease or disorder whenthese cannabinoids are administered alone or incombination.Presently in Tennessee, the cultivation and possessionof marijuana is prohibited, and both the recreationaland medicinal uses of marijuana are illegal.Industrial HempIndustrial hemp is federally defined in the AgriculturalAct of 2014 as “the plant Cannabis sativa L. and anypart of such plant, whether growing or not, with adelta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentration ofnot more than 0.3% on a dry weight basis.” However,industrial hemp also produces CBD, and there is norestriction on CBD concentration.Historically, industrial hemp has been regardedprimarily as an agricultural crop valued for fiber andgrain. Hemp fiber is used to make textiles, buildingmaterials, animal bedding, mulch, paper, industrialproducts, and biofuels. Hemp grain, or seed, is usedin food and feed products, and oil from the seed isused to make personal care products and industrialproducts, including paints, solvents, and lubricants.Selection and breeding efforts have producedvarieties of industrial hemp with comparativelyhigh fiber and grain yields. When these varietiesare coupled with production practices fromhemp-producing countries, optimum fiber and grainyields and quality are possible. Ideally, industrialhemp is planted at high density to produce tall plantswith a singular main stalk, minimal branching, andflowers positioned at the top of the plant. However,it is impossible to differentiate industrial hempand marijuana by visual inspection alone. Instead,industrial hemp and marijuana can only be separatedby chemical analysis to determine THC concentration.Currently, interest in industrial hemp productionin Tennessee is high, as is interest in industrialhemp-based CBD and other phytocannabinoid2
production. In fact, most of the industrial hempcurrently produced in the state is produced forphytocannabinoids due to the potential for higherrevenue per acre. CBD is a non-psychoactivecannabinoid with reported health benefits insome people, including the treatment of seizures;Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases;amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS); multiple sclerosis(MS); inflammation; and other conditions.While industrial hemp-based CBD is currentlypromising, CBD prices continue to decrease as morestates legalize industrial hemp production and moreproducers plant the crop for CBD. Proponents believethat because CBD is relatively unknown to most ofthe United States population, the market for CBDproducts will significantly expand as more peoplelearn of CBD. Speculation abounds, and differentstandpoints exist regarding the current legal status ofindustrial hemp-based CBD.Regardless of legal interpretation, it is imperativethat the citizens of Tennessee know that whileindustrial hemp is Cannabis sativa L., it is distinctfrom marijuana. To be classified as industrial hemp,Cannabis sativa L. cannot have THC content exceeding0.3 percent on a dry mass basis. Therefore, industrialhemp, by law, is not psychoactive, and topical oringestible industrial hemp-derived CBD productswith less than 0.3 percent on a dry mass basis willnot produce an intoxicating effect. Education ofTennessee citizens and civil communications, evenbetween those with opposing viewpoints on Cannabis,are essential for an accurate, meaningful, andproductive understanding of industrial hemp that willenable this federally and state-authorized program toproperly evaluate industrial hemp as an economicallyviable agricultural crop in Tennessee as intended fromits inception.Tennessee Industrial Hemp Pilot ProgramThe Industrial Hemp Agricultural Pilot Program inTennessee, supervised by TDA, is a legitimate programwith widespread state and national governmentsupport, as well as the support of a growing industrialhemp industry in this state and country.Because of its close association with marijuana,industrial hemp production is highly regulated.Individuals who want to produce or process industrialhemp in Tennessee must do so as participants of theTennessee Industrial Hemp Agricultural Pilot Program.STATUS OF INDUSTRIAL HEMP IN TENNESSEEThis program is administered by the TDA under theauthority of Section 7606 of the Agricultural Act of2014 and Tennessee Public Chapter No. 916. Interestedindividuals must first register with the TDA, andupon approval, must produce or process the cropunder the guidance of the TDA. Violation of rules andregulations could result in criminal charges. Similarly,production or processing of industrial hemp outsideof the Tennessee Industrial Hemp Pilot Program, andtherefore without the respective license, is prohibitedand could result in criminal charges. Therefore, itis imperative that those interested in producingindustrial hemp thoroughly educate themselves in allrelated regulatory and agricultural issues.The application deadline for participation in theTennessee Industrial Hemp Agricultural Pilot Programfor 2018 has passed. For those who are interested inproducing or processing industrial hemp in Tennesseebut did not obtain a license for 2018, they areencouraged to monitor industrial hemp efforts in thestate by contacting their local University of Tennesseeor Tennessee State University Extension Office, theTDA, and the TN HIA to remain updated on industrialhemp efforts, opportunities, field days and meetingsin Tennessee throughout the year. The applicationperiod for participation in the Tennessee IndustrialHemp Agricultural Pilot Program for 2019 is November15, 2018, through February 15, 2019.Production ConsiderationsIt is imperative for each state industrial hemp pilotprogram applicant and licensee to understandthat industrial hemp is a specialized agriculturalcrop requiring agronomic knowledge; agriculturalequipment; and significant time, labor, and fertilizerinputs. Like other crops in Tennessee, industrial hemprequires the application of sound agronomic principlesand timely crop management practices. Thesepractices include planting seed at the proper time,seeding depth, and density in a prepared seedbedconsisting of fertile, well-drained productive soilswith abundant organic matter, and amending thesesoils with lime and fertilizer to optimize yield andquality. Failure to implement sound crop managementpractices by planting industrial hemp too shallow ordeep, in improperly prepared seedbeds or poor soils,or failing to amend the soil with appropriate amountsof lime or fertilizer will result in reduced yieldand quality.3
Unlike most established crops in Tennessee, there areno labeled pesticides to control weeds, insects, anddiseases in industrial hemp. Therefore, weeds mustbe suppressed either by cultural management used inindustrial hemp seed/grain or fiber production or bymechanical methods such as cultivation, hand-hoeing,or hand-removal in industrial hemp grown for CBD orphytocannabinoid production. If a historically cleansite (with few to no weeds) is selected for seed/grainor fiber production in which a high population ofindustrial hemp plants are established from seed intoa clean site prior to weed emergence, a high numberof industrial hemp plants may suppress weeds byoutcompeting them for light, water, and nutrients.The level of weed suppression or control dependson the weeds present and the growing conditions.If industrial hemp seed or female propagules areplanted in the field for CBD or phytocannabinoidproduction, the resulting plants will likely be spacedfurther apart to maximize flower production;therefore, weeds can be controlled by cultivation,hand-hoeing, or hand removal. Industrial hemp forCBD or phytocannabinoid production may also beproduced in a greenhouse.approved by the TDA and shipped directly to the TDA,from which the pilot program licensees pick up theseed, propagules, or plants pending TDA approval.A list of seed, propagule, and plant providers canbe accessed at the TN HIA web link at the end ofthis publication. Seed, propagule, and plant importrequirements and a list of state industrial hempprocessors can be accessed at the TDA IndustrialHemp website listed at the end of this publication.It is imperative that potential industrial hempproducers understand that in addition to licensingfees, seed costs, and THC testing fees, productioncosts may be significant. In the absence of a strongmarket for selling industrial hemp grain, fiber, CBD/phytocannabinoids, or other products, significantfinancial losses of thousands of dollars per acre canresult. Therefore, it is advisable that each applicantand licensee know and understand the relatedfees and costs of producing industrial hemp in theTennessee pilot program and the risks associatedwith the production of this crop. Each producer willneed to develop a plan to produce and either marketindustrial hemp or secure a market with a known priceper unit by seeking out either buyer or contractedopportunities. Some producers sell to industrial hempprocessors in Tennessee or other bordering states thathave industrial hemp pilot programs. This requiresone to know the purpose for the industrial hemp(seed/grain, fiber, CBD/phytocannabinoids or somecombination thereof) and plan accordingly whencalculating costs and choosing varieties, productionsystems, and processors.The following discussion of federal and statelegislation that established the program and theparameters within which it operates is detailed below.This discussion is intended to inform those interestedin industrial hemp production and processingin Tennessee of existing laws and governmentaldocuments and discrepancies among these lawsand governmental documents. There is controversyeven among those directly involved in industrialhemp concerning some of the legal aspects, sosome will contest the associated information in thispublication. Please note that all efforts were madeto ensure accuracy of the following information,including discussions with legal counsel and the USDrug Enforcement Agency (DEA), but interpretationof the legal aspects contained in this publication couldbe incorrect. It is therefore the sole responsibility ofeach state industrial hemp pilot program applicantand licensee to read all related federal and statelaws regarding industrial hemp and Cannabis spp.,understand all information provided by the TDA aboutthe state industrial hemp pilot program — includingguidance and issues — and seek appropriate legalcounsel to reach an understanding of the meanings ofthe related laws and the potential risks of participatingin this program.Licensees are responsible for choosing and sourcingindustrial hemp varieties for planting. However, theseed, propagules, or plants must be reviewed andSTATUS OF INDUSTRIAL HEMP IN TENNESSEEDue to conflicting federal laws regarding the legalstatus of industrial hemp, no federal crop insuranceis available for the crop. According to TDA, federalfarm programs managed by the USDA — such ascrop insurance, farm loans, and conservation reserve— could be jeopardized if industrial hemp is planted.Some banks may be reluctant to provide services toindustrial hemp producers for fear of prosecution dueto federal laws and regulations violations. Therefore,thoroughly read and understand federal and statelaws and regulations regarding industrial hemp andCannabis, as there is some overlap, and consult legalcounsel to address concerns and ensure compliance.Legal Considerations4
The Agricultural Act of 2014 established the IndustrialHemp Agricultural Pilot Program. This enabled legalgrowing of industrial hemp in states with an industrialhemp pilot program operated under the supervisionof the state department of agriculture or a universityfor the purpose of research. Section 7606 of this act,Legitimacy of Industrial Hemp Research, definedindustrial hemp as “the plant Cannabis sativa L. andany part of such plant, whether growing or not, witha delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol concentration of notmore than 0.3 percent on a dry weight basis” andestablished general guidelines by which participantsof the agricultural pilot program must abide. Italso provided some protection for pilot programparticipants from other federal laws regardingCannabis sativa L., stating that “an institution of highereducation or a State department of agriculturemay grow or cultivate hemp” “notwithstanding theControlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 7101 et seq.),chapter 81 of title 41, United States Code, or any otherFederal law” as long as “the industrial hemp is grownor cultivated for purposes of research conductedunder an agricultural pilot program or otheragricultural or academic research; and the growingor cultivating of the industrial hemp is allowed underthe laws of the State in which such institution ofhigher education or State department of agriculture islocated and such research occurs.”Shortly after passing of the bill, Tennessee legislatorspassed Public Chapter No. 916, legalizing theproduction of industrial hemp in the state under theprovisions of the Section 7606 of the AgriculturalAct of 2014 and outlining the state industrial hemppilot program. In 2015, industrial hemp was legallyproduced in the state for the first time in more than60 years, and it has been produced every year sincethen. In 2018, there were more than 160 industrialhemp producers licensed by TDA.Within the federal and state definitions of industrialhemp, the phrase, “with a delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol concentration of not more than 0.3 percenton a dry weight basis,” is critical because this is theonly legal differentiation between industrial hempand marijuana. Both are defined as Cannabis sativa L.THC is a phytocannabinoid, and phytocannabinoidsare contained in the resin of Cannabis spp. This resinis produced in the trichomes, which are glandular,hairlike structures concentrated in high densitieson the flowers, or buds, of female plants, and toa much lesser degree on the surfaces of otherSTATUS OF INDUSTRIAL HEMP IN TENNESSEEaboveground plant parts. There are many differentphytocannabinoids. Two of the most popular areTHC and CBD. The reason for the emphasis on THCin the federal and state definitions of industrialhemp is because THC is the component of Cannabis,specifically marijuana, that, when inhaled or ingestedproduces the psychoactive effects, including the“high,” with which marijuana is associated. Whenfederal and state laws defined industrial hemp, aTHC concentration of not more than 0.3 percent ona dry weight basis was recognized as a standardby which industrial hemp could not be practicallyproduced for THC production (thereby preventingits utilization as an illegal drug in most countries) butcould still be effectively and economically producedfor the production of traditional hemp productsmanufactured from seeds, seed oil and fiber inthe stalks.Initially, state law did not allow whole plant extractsfor cannabinoid production, and many state pilotprogram participants focused on seed, oil and fiberproduction. However, it quickly became evidentthat industrial hemp for seed/grain, oil, and fiberproduction faced significant challenges, including lackof adapted varieties and labeled pesticides, lack ofprocessing and marketing infrastructure, limitations ofcurrent technology to consistently and cost-effectivelyharvest and prepare the industrial hemp productfor market, and the requirement for row crop-scaleequipment. Additionally important would be rowcrop-scale profit potential because current limitedreturns per acre require a significant number of acresto meet both fixed and variable costs. While therehas been limited progress in some of these areassince 2015, there remain significant challenges thatpreclude most people in Tennessee who are interestedin producing industrial hemp from being financiallysuccessful in industrial hemp seed/grain, seed oil, andfiber production efforts.As time passed and hemp advocates across the nationsearched for ways that industrial hemp productioncould be successful in the US, they discoveredthat industrial hemp could be successfully grownto optimize the production of non-psychoactivephytocannabinoids, with a focus on CBD. Currently,there is interest in industrial hemp-based CBD;demand for CBD products; available technologyand methodology for extraction, formulation, andpackaging; and potential for profit with industrialhemp-based CBD and phytocannabinoid production.5
After careful review of these findings, Tennesseestate law was amended with Public Chapter No.369, in which industrial hemp was state-defined as“the plants, plant parts, and whole plant extract,whether in manufacturing process or reconstituted,of the genera cannabis that do not contain a delta-9tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentration more thanthree-tenths of one percent (0.3%) on a dry massbasis” and “includes any industrial hemp-derivedproducts that do not contain more than three-tenthsof one percent (0.3%) of delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol(THC) in a topical or ingestible consumer product.”However, there could be potential legal risks due toconflicting federal regulations and state laws. TheControlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 7101 et seq.)states that the term “marihuana” means “all parts ofthe plant Cannabis sativa L., whether growing or not;the seeds thereof; the resin extracted from any partof such plant; and every compound, manufacture,salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of such plant,its seeds or resin. Such term does not include themature stalks of such plant, fiber produced from suchstalks, oil or cake made from the seeds of such plant,any other compound, manufacture, salt, derivative,mixture, or preparation of such mature stalks (exceptthe resin extracted therefrom), fiber, oil, or cake, orthe sterilized seed of such plant which is incapable ofgermination.”It is important to note that there is no distinction inthis act separating industrial hemp from marijuanabased on THC content. Therefore, this definitioncurrently applies simply to Cannabis sativa L., whichincludes industrial hemp. The “resin extracted fromany part of such plant” is not excluded from thedefinition of “marihuana” as is the “mature stalks ofsuch plant, fiber produced from such stalks, oil orcake made from the seeds of such plant, any othercompound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, orpreparation of such mature stalks , fiber, oil, or cake,or the sterilized seed of such plant.” This is importantbecause phytocannabinoids are derived from theCannabis resin. CBD and other phytocannabinoidsextracted from industrial hemp are derived primarilyfrom resin. DEA 21 CFR Part 1308 states CBD and allother cannabinoids are currently viewed and will betreated as Schedule I controlled substances.The Agricultural Act of 2014 states that “an institutionof higher education or a State departmentof agriculture may grow or cultivate hemp”STATUS OF INDUSTRIAL HEMP IN TENNESSEE“notwithstanding the Controlled Substances Act (21U.S.C. 7101 et seq.), chapter 81 of title 41, United StatesCode, or any other Federal law.” This should alsoapply to pilot program participants licensed by theinstitution of higher education or state department ofagriculture overseeing the industrial hemp agriculturalpilot program within the state. However, there iscurrently no federal law that indemnifies individualswho are not agricultural pilot program participantsfrom possessing “the resin extracted from any partof such plant; and every compound, manufacture,salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of such plant,its seeds or resin,” with “such plant” being Cannabissativa L. According to DEA 21 CFR Part 1308, evenindustrial hemp-based CBD and other cannabinoidsare currently viewed by the United States DrugEnforcement Agency as Schedule Icontrolled substances.This contrasts with state law TN ADC 0080-06-28.05, which states that “any person – with or withouta license issued under this chapter – may distributeor store nonviable industrial hemp or hemp productsif the industrial hemp was grown or processed by aperson licensed under this chapter or the industrialhemp was acquired from a person in a foreignjurisdiction where distribution of the material orproduct was lawful.”On February 16, 2018, a Circuit Court judge ruledthat stores forced to close in Rutherford County,Tennessee, for selling CBD products just daysprior could reopen. Furthermore, money and CBDproducts that were seized during the raid werereturned to the stores and charges against thoseindicted for selling the products were suspended.These events follow similar proceedings in otherstates with industrial hemp pilot programs in whichsimilar actions were followed by dropped chargesas state laws were upheld. Furthermore, the recentlypassed Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2018prohibits the Department of Justice and the DEAfrom using federal funds to (1) infringe Section 7606of the Agricultural Act of 2017, which authorizes theIndustrial Hemp Agricultural Pilot Program and (2)“prohibit the transportation, processing, sale or use ofindustrial hemp, or seeds of such plant, that is grownor cultivated in accordance with subsection section7606 of the Agricultural Act of 2017, within or outsidethe State in which the industrial hemp is grownor cultivated.6
At present, it appears that policies regarding industrialhemp-derived CBD and phytocannabinoid productswill be based and judged based on state laws inTennessee. However, it is solely the responsibilityeach Tennessee industrial hemp pilot programparticipant to read all related federal and state lawsconcerning industrial hemp and Cannabis spp. andseek appropriate counsel to fully understand themeanings of the related laws and the potential risks ofparticipation in this program.On April 12, 2018, S.2667, the Hemp Farming Act of2018, was introduced. If passed, this act would removeindustrial hemp and all hemp-derived products fromSTATUS OF INDUSTRIAL HEMP IN TENNESSEEthe Controlled Substances Act (21 USC 812 (c)) andfederally legalize commercial cultivation of industrialhemp in the US. A vote is expected later in 2018.Industrial hemp looks to be a viable enterprise forsome producers and processors in Tennessee, butnot everyone. Those interested in the production andprocessing of this crop should thoroughly educatethemselves about all aspects associated with thiscrop, including state and federal rules and regulationsand production and marketing considerations. Pleasecontact your county UT-TSU Extension Office foradditional information.7
Sources and Suggested ReadingTennessee Department of Agriculture Industrial HempThis site has excellent information vital to those who want to produce industrial hemp in Tennessee.Examples guidance and issues; state rules and regulations; grower and processor applications;associated fees and costs; Tennessee processor list; answers to frequently asked questions; and seed,propagule or plant information and acquisition see Hemp Industries AssociationThis organization provides valuable information, networking opportunities, and online and monthlymeeting opportunities to connect, share and learn from other Tennessee producers, processors andothers involved with industrial hemp in Tennessee.facebook.com/tnhemporgtnhia.orgSeed, propagule or plant provider list: tnhia.org/seed-acquisitionEconomic Considerations for Growing Industrial Hemp: Implications for Kentucky’s Farmers and AgriculturalEconomy. L. Robbins, W. Snell, G. Halich, L. Maynard, C.Dillon, and D. Spalding. Hemp as an Agricultural Commodity. R. Johnson. 2013. Congressional ResearchService publication RL32725. fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RL32725.pdfAn Introduction to Industrial Hemp and Hemp Agronomy. D.W. Williams and R. Mundell. hemp.ca.uky.edu/files/hemp history and agronomy 2018.pdfSome Background on Industrial Hemp in a Western Oregon Context. R. Karow, R. Berry, and D. Hannaway.2013. Oregon State University. op-soil/Cannabis%20sativa%2011-08-13.pdf“Hemp: a new crop with new uses for North America.” E. Small and D. Marcus. 2002. P. 284-326. In: J.Janick and A. Whipkey (eds.), Trends in new crops and new uses. SHSPress, Alexandria, VA. hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/ncnu02/v5-284.htmlState Industrial Hemp Statutes. National Conference of State Legislatures. t/state-industrial-hemp-statutes.aspxIndustrial hemp in the United States: status and market potential. 2000. United States Department ofAgriculture Economic Research Service Publication. Agricultural Economic Report No. ubid 41757Feasibility of Industrial Hemp Production in the United States Pacific Northwest. D.T. Ehrensing. 1998. OregonState University Extension Service Pub. SB 681. eport or publications/j3860729t
W 777 09/18 19-0049Programs in agriculture and natural resources, 4-H youth development, family and consumer sciences, and resource development. University of Tennessee Instituteof Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture and county governments cooperating. UT Extension provides equal opportunities in programs and employment.
Selection and breeding efforts have produced varieties of industrial hemp with comparatively high fiber and grain yields. When these varieties are coupled with production practices from hemp-producing countries, optimum fiber and grain yields and quality are possible. Ideally, industrial hemp is planted at high density to produce tall plants
i. Hemp extract or CBD in milk and dairy products j. Restaurants / Bars / Cosmetics k. Report a problem with a hemp product for human consumption l. Hemp and CBD smoking and vaping 7. ANIMAL FOOD AND FEED (DOG TREATS) 8. HEMP SEED 9. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION LINKS . SECTION IV: LAW ENFORCEMENT ISSUES . 10. PERSONAL POSSESSION OF HEMP PRODUCTS 11.
1.1 United States . The U.S. has seen major growth in industrial hemp production through the state-level pilot programs in recent years. Some question has arisen about the reliability of acreage estimates for the U.S industrial hemp industry. USDA does not currently publish official acreage estimates for industrial hemp.
Cannabis: Local Zoning & Planning. Probably cannot ban legalized industrial hemp or CBD uses completely. Industrial hemp growing is a lawful agricultural use Product manufacturing using legalized industrial hemp is a lawful industrial use Retail store selling legalized hemp and CBD products is a lawful use
HEMP ON DEMANDTM BROAD SPECTRUM A THC-free, broad spectrum hemp oil extract consisting of the suite of phytocannabinoids and terpenes naturally present in hemp. We included additional beta-caryophyllene, the most common terpenoid found in Cannabis to extend the potency and action of the extract without the need for THC.8 THC-free natural hemp .
Hemp Disease and Pest Management 5 Hemp rust Hemp rust is a fungal disease caused by Uredo kriegeriana (Figure 5). Little is known about this pathogen’s life cycle and mechanisms for overwintering. Hemp rust was first confirmed on samples collected in East Tennessee on August 26, 2019, at the UT Soil, Plant and Pest Center.
the viscosity of the hemp seed oil prior to analysis, each sample was diluted nine fold in IPA by adding 0.2 mL hemp seed oil to 1.6 mL of IPA and mixing by manual shaking. A 14-ppm spiked solution of each hemp seed oil sample was prepared by adding 25.0 µL THC standard, 25.0 µL CBD standard, 0.2 mL hemp seed
o No hemp production or processing is allowed in medical cannabis production centers Dispensary licensees can also be hemp processors, but hemp processing facility must be separate o Chapter 11-37 compliant hemp products may be used as an ingredient in a manufactured cannabis product o Chapter 11-37 compliant hemp products may be sold in .
Animal nutrition is gained from grasses, grain crops, and pro-cessed products. Objectives: 1. Explain the functions of feed. 2. Describe the various types of feed. Key Terms: Functions of Feed Feed is any product consumed by an animal to meet nutritional needs. Feed provides the animal with energy to be mobile, protein to grow new or repair damaged cells, and vitamins and minerals to support .
