A Study On Current Mobile Operating Systems - IJSER
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 8, Issue 5, May-2017ISSN 2229-551872A Study on Current Mobile Operating Systems1. J.kiran kumar2.Assistant professor,Sri padmavathi college of computer sciences and technologyTiruchanoorAbstract— this paper presents a detail review on currentmobile operating systems like IOS from Apple, Android fromGoogle, windows 10 mobile from Microsoft Company,BlackBerry 10 from BlackBerry Ltd, Tizen from LinuxFoundation, Sail fish OS from Sailfish Alliance, Mer, Jolla andSailfish community contributors, Ubuntu Touch fromCanonical Ltd. and Ubuntu community contributors. In thispaper we have compared all the features, facilities,performance and verdict about these mobile operatingsystems.D.YugandharStudent (MCA),Sri padmavathi college of computer sciences and technologyTiruchanoorinterface. It provides methods for tracking the locations of,and providing access to, the applications and files stored onthe device. Modern operating systems also govern thedevice’s ability to communicate with the outside world,including the internet and personal computers. Someoperating systems, like the Microsoft and Apple products,are black boxes that are not fully accessible and that maycost money to purchase. These operating systems requiresoftware developers to cooperate with the companies thatown them. Other operating systems, mostly based on theLinux platform, are open source. That means the codebehind the system is fully accessible, and anyone withenough knowledge can create a bespoke version of thesystem or develop applications for it.IJSERKeywords— Mobile Operating System, IOS, Android,windows 10 mobile, Tizen, Sailfish OS,Ubuntu Touch.I. INTRODUCTIONOver the past decade, smartphones have taken the world bystorm and recently, these mobile devices are having asignificant impact on our lives and are in fact redefining theway we access information and communicate with others.This is due to not only the hardware but the specializedsoftware that these devices run and most importantly, theiroperating systems.Just like a PC can run different operating systems (likeWindows, Linux etc.) or different versions of the sameoperating system (like Windows XP, Windows Vista,Windows 7 etc.), most smartphones can also run differentversions of the operating system they were made for and inexceptional cases, they might even be able to run operatingsystems they weren’t made for. In general however, anAndroid phone will only run a version of Android while aniPhone will only run an iOS version.What Is an Operating System?An operating system is the most basic software that acomputer or a device equipped with a computer like asmartphone, runs. The operating system governs the userHow do Mobile Operating Systems differ fromComputer Operating Systems?The earliest operating systems read punch-cards. Thetechnology then moved on to command line systems likeUNIX, its open-source doppelganger, Linux, and DOS. Inthe 1980s, visual operating systems began to dominate themarketplace, with the Macintosh OS and visual versions ofexisting command line systems like DOS’s Windowsfollowing behind. Today, our mobile phones have becomepowerful computers with touch-screen, voice, stylus andmini-keypad inputs and sophisticated full-colour visualoperating systems. These devices use a whole new set ofoperating systems, many associated with the establishedpersonal computer platforms. While computer operatingsystems are geared to larger screens and keyboard andmouse input, phone operating systems are suited to smallerscreens and more direct methods of interaction. The opensource movement is still going strong, with many mobileoperating systems built on the freely accessible Linuxsystem and many mobile operating systems that arethemselves open-source.IJSER 2017http://www.ijser.org
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 8, Issue 5, May-2017ISSN 2229-551873About OS:FeatureiOSAndroidWindows 10MobileTizenSailfish OSUbuntu TouchCompanyApple IncOpenHandsetAllianceMicrosoftLinux Foundation,Tizen Foundation,Samsung, IntelCanonical Ltd.Ubuntu ailfishAlliance,Mer,jolla,and January10,2017August 2,2016December13,2016December 7,2016OS familyDarwinProgrammed inC,C ,Objective C,SwiftIJSERN/ALinuxWindows 10mobileLinuxLinuxLinuxC,C ,java7 : XNA(.NETC#),Silverlight,Native C,C C C ,QML,Apps:HML5,QML,Go,javascriptPython8 :.NETC#,VB.NET,Silverlight,Native C,C Table1:II. iOSiOS (formerly named iPhone OS) is from AppleInc. It has the second largest installed base worldwideon smartphones, but the largest profits, due toaggressive price competition between Android-basedmanufacturers. It is closed source and proprietary, andis built on the open source Darwin operating system.The iPhone, iPod Touch, iPad and second or thirdgeneration Apple TV all use iOS, which is derivedfrom macOS.Native third party applications were not officiallysupported until the release of iPhone OS 2.0 on July11, 2008. Before this, "jailbreaking" allowed thirdSystem: C,C ,QMLcomparison of Current mobile operating systemsparty applications to be installed, and this method isstill available.Currently all iOS devices are developed by Apple andmanufactured by Foxconn or another of Apple'spartners.Current iOS version list: IJSER 2017http://www.ijser.orgiPhone OS 1.xiPhone OS 2.xiPhone OS 3.xiOS 4.xiOS 5.xiOS 6.xiOS 7.x (major UI revamp)iOS 8.x
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 8, Issue 5, May-2017ISSN 2229-5518 iOS 9.xiOS 10.xPros of iOS 1.6 – Donut: (API Level 4) 2.0 – Eclair: (API Level 5) 2.0.1 – Eclair: (API Level 6) 2.1 – Eclair: (API Level 7) iOs is the most secure softwareAll the apps first release in iOs then AndroidiOS is good for developersiOs encrypts everythingIt gets updates regularlyCons of iOS The persons who are using iOS should berich,It is not user friendlyIt's not free,Music,etc742.2.x – Frozen Yogurt ("Froyo"): (API Level8) 2.3 – Gingerbread (minor(API Level 9) UI2.3.3 – Gingerbread: (API Level 10)3.0 – Honeycomb (major UI revamp): (APILevel 11) 3.1 – Honeycomb: (API Level 12) 3.2 – Honeycomb: (API Level 13) tweak):4.0 – Ice Cream Sandwich (minor UI tweak):(API Level 14) 4.0.3 – Ice Cream Sandwich: (API Level 15) 4.1 – Jelly Bean: (API Level 16)IJSERIII. AndroidAndroid (based on the Linux kernel) is a mobileoperating system developed by Google Inc. Besideshaving the largest installed base worldwide onsmartphones, it is also the most popular operatingsystem for general purpose computers (a category thatincludes desktop computers and mobile devices), eventhough Android is not a popular operating system forregular (desktop) personal computers (PCs). Althoughthe Android operating system is free and open-sourcesoftware, indevicessold,muchofthesoftware bundled with it (including Google apps andvendor-installed software) is proprietary software andclosed source.[9]Android's releases before 2.0 (1.0, 1.5, 1.6) were usedexclusively on mobile phones. Android 2.x releaseswere mostly used for mobile phones but also sometablets. Android 3.0 was a tablet-oriented release anddoes not officially run on mobile phones. While bothphone and tablet compatibility was merged toAndroid 4.0. The current Android version is 7.1Nougat. 4.2 – Jelly Bean: (API Level 17) 4.3 – Jelly Bean: (API Level 18) 4.4.4 – KitKat: (API Level 19) 5.0, 5.0.1, 5.0.2 – Lollipop (major UIrevamp): (API Level 21) 5.1, 5.1.1 – Lollipop: (API Level 22) 6.0 & 6.0.1 – Marshmallow: (API Level 23) 7.0 – Nougat (API Level 24) 7.1, 7.1.1 – Nougat (API Level 25)Pros of Android Android is a free software,Which gives youanything like songs,etc for freeThey are no limitations in androidAndroid can be user friendly,That is we canchange the launcher,Icon,Etc of our choicewhich we likeAndroid phones do not get updates easilyAndroid version become older as it getsyearsAndroid's releases are named after sweets or dessertitems, except for the first and second releases:Cons of Android 1.0 – (API Level 1) 1.1 – Alpha: (API Level 2) 1.2 – Beta 1.5 – Cupcake: (API Level 3) IJSER 2017http://www.ijser.orgAndroid can be hacked easilyAndroid can get malware's
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 8, Issue 5, May-2017ISSN 2229-5518 Android phones do not recieve updates IV. Windows 10 MobileWindows 10 Mobile (formerly called WindowsPhone) is from Microsoft. It is closed source andproprietary. It has the third largest installed base onsmartphones behind Android and iOS.Unveiled on February 15, 2010, Windows PhoneincludesauserinterfaceinspiredbyMicrosoft's Metro Design Language. It is integratedwith Microsoft services such as One Drive andOffice, Xbox Music, Xbox Video, Xbox Live gamesand Bing, but also integrates with many other nonMicrosoft services such as Facebook and Googleaccounts. Windows Phone devices are made primarilyby MicrosoftMobile/Nokia,andalsoby HTC and Samsung.On 21 January 2015, Microsoft announced that theWindows Phone brand will be phased out andreplaced with Windows 10 Mobile, bringing rt Windows 10, and provide a platform forsmartphones and tablets with screen sizes under 8inches.As of 2016, Windows 10 Mobile global market sharedropped below 0.6%.75Stability. Like Apple’s iOS, I’ve never hada dropped call or a crashed app.Personalisable. The homepage can beconfigured with Tiles. You can change thecolor of every screen component in settings.Cons of Windows Phone 10 Apps. There is not nearly the range of appsavailable for Windows Phone 10.Of the dozen or so applications I install as default oniOS or Android products, less than half were availablein the Windows 10 store.V. TizenTizen is hosted by the Linux Foundation and supportfrom the Tizen Association, guided by a TechnicalSteering Group composed of Intel and Samsung.Tizen is an operating system for devices includingsmartphones, tablets, in-vehicle infotainment (IVI)devices, and smart TVs. It is an open source system(however the SDK was closed source and proprietary)that aims to offer a consistent user experience acrossdevices. Tizen's main components are the Linuxkernel and the WebKit runtime. According to Intel,Tizen "combines the best of LiMo andMeeGo." HTML5 apps are emphasized, with MeeGoencouraging its members to transition to Tizen,stating that the "future belongs to HTML5-basedapplications, outside of a relatively small percentageof apps, and we are firmly convinced that ourinvestment needs to shift toward HTML5." Tizen willbe targeted at a variety of platforms such as handsets,touch pc, smart TVs and in-vehicle entertainment. OnMay 17, 2013, Tizen released version 2.1, codenamed Nectarine.[19]IJSERCurrent Windows Phone version list: Windows Phone 7 Windows Phone 7.5 Windows Phone 7.8 – minor UI tweak Windows Phone 8 – GDR1, GDR2 &GDR3, & minor UI tweak Windows Phone 8.1 – GDR1 & GDR2, &minor UI tweak Windows 10 MobileCurrently, Tizen is the fourth largest Mobile OS interms of market share. Tizen has the second-largestmarket share in the budget segment of smartphones inIndia as of Q4 2015.Current Tizen version list:Pros of Windows Phone 10 Simplicity. Windows Phone 8 is clear,simple, slick, looks modern and isholistically considered. 1.0 (Larkspur) 2.0 (Magnolia) 2.1 (Nectarine) 2.2.x 2.3.xIJSER 2017http://www.ijser.org
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 8, Issue 5, May-2017ISSN 2229-551876 2.4.x (minor UI tweaks)Pros of Sailfish OS 3.0 (under development) As we all go for Android mobile,because of its app support. Jolla has made a gooddecision by adding Android app support to their OS.To install Android app in your Sailfish smartphone,you need to install a third-party app. So that, you haveaccess to Google Play store and you can enjoy900,000 apps. People don't go for Windowsmobile due to poor app availability.Pros of Tizen : Samsung is saying that it is a less batterydraining OS. It's a new OS so it will give a fresh feeling,and android is reached to the point whenpeople are feeling bored by android OS andwant to switch over to something new andfun.Cons of Tizen:Not many applications at the beginningbecause it's a new OS. As it is an open source software basedon Linux kernel, the hardware support will be more. Itcan support both ARM and x86 processor. If you are ageek, you can install this OS in Samsung Galaxy S4.Cons of Sailfish OS Sailfish OS is compatible with high-enddevice and so that, it can not replace low-endAndroiddevices.Official news said that, it supports Androidapps. But, still there are no words about theirown app market.IJSERVI.Sailfish OSSailfish OS is from Jolla. It is open source with GNUGeneral Public License (GPL) for middleware stackcore which comes from MER. Sailfish due to Jolla'sbusiness model and due to alliances with variouspartners and due to intentional design of OS internals,is capable to adopt in several layers 3rd party softwareincluding Jolla software e.g. Jolla's UI is proprietarysoftware (closed source), so such components can beproprietary with many different kinds of licences.However, user can replace them with open sourcecomponents like e.g. NEMO UI instead Jolla's UI.Using 3rd party software extends usability but doesnot make the OS code close, in the same way aspreinstalled MS Word (close source) on Linux devicedoes not make Linux close source.After Nokia abandoned in 2011 the MeeGo project,most of the MeeGo team left Nokia, and establishedJolla as a company to use MeeGo and Mer businessopportunities. The MER standard allows it to belaunched on any hardware with kernel compatiblewith MER. In 2012, Linux Sailfish OS based onMeeGo and using middleware of MER core stackdistribution was launched for public use. The firstdevice, the Jolla smartphone, was unveiled on 20 May2013. In 2015, Jolla Tablet was launched andthe BRICS countries declared it an officiallysupported OS there. Jolla started licensing Sailfish OS2.0 for 3rd parties. Some devices sold are updateableto Sailfish 2.0 with no limits.VII. Ubuntu TouchUbuntu Touch is from Canonical Ltd. It is opensource and uses the GPL license.[19] The OS is builton the Android Linux kernel, using Android driversand services via an LXC container, but does not useany of the Java-like code of Android.[20]Current Ubuntu Touch version list: Preview Version (initial release) OTA 2.x OTA 3.x OTA 4.x OTA 5.x OTA 6.x OTA 7.x OTA 8.x OTA 9.x OTA 10.x OTA 11.x OTA 12.x OTA 13.xIJSER 2017http://www.ijser.org
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 8, Issue 5, May-2017ISSN 2229-5518Pros of Ubuntu Touch: Freeopensource Other OS530.400.1Total431,331.40100Table 2: Worldwide smartphone sales in the fourthquarter of 2016. (Thousands of units.)Cons of Ubuntu Touch: 77problems with hardware compatibilty(graphic drivers,)some software like Photoshop and Autocaddon't runyou may have problems with Office suite:Libre Office works as well as MicrosoftOffice, but when you save your documentand send it to a Windows-using friend, it isdifficult to expect full compatiblity.VII.Market ShareIJSERFigure199.6 percent of new smartphones run Android oriOSThe latest smartphone figures from Gartner are out,and they paint an extremely familiar picture. Betweenthem, Android and iOS accounted for 99.6 percent ofall smartphone sales in the fourth quarter of 2016.Of the 432 million smartphones sold in the lastquarter, 352 million ran Android (81.7 percent) and77 million ran iOS (17.9 percent).Android continues to be the dominant OS in thedevice market, buoyed by strong growth in the smartphone market . Competition for the second spot willbe between Apple's iOS and Microsoft Windows.OperatingSystem4Q16 038.9017.9Windows1,092.200.3typing on an iOS device will now use deep learningto enable more intelligent predictive typing, usingexpanded context.Wearables, such as smart watches, have so far beenpositioned as the second screen for smartphones forFigure2VIII.FutureMicrosoft’s has introduced universal apps—apps thatwill run on PCs, hybrids, laptops,smartphones andeven the Xbox console. Artificial intelligence (AI) is abig step forward for mobile operating systems,particularly Android and iOS. At WWDC 2016(Worldwide Developers’ Conference), Appleannounced that the QuickType foundation for textchecking mails, messages, handling calls and evenusing certain apps without having to take out thedevice. But both Google and Apple are nowpushing towards making the upcoming AndroidWear and WatchOS platforms less reliant on apaired smartphone; certain apps will be able to runon the smart watches, without needing a phone fordata.IJSER 2017http://www.ijser.org
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 8, Issue 5, May-2017ISSN 2229-5518IX.ConclusionOnce a mobile or smartphone has been purchased,it is usually not possible to change the operatingsystem. So, it is important to make a sound choicebefore purchasing a phone. Every mobile OS thatis popular today can offer basic e-mail, webbrowsing, mapping and organisational features.With a little research, it should be possible to findthe right version of the right operating system forany budget and any set of functionalrequirements.78[2].Tutorials Ubuntu developer porta[3]. iOS 7: what you need to know before updating[4]. "iOS Technology Overview"[5]. "Tizen SDK"[6]. "Sailfish SDK"[7]. Zhang. J. (2010), ―Android vs lt/biblioteka/Operating systems/Operating systems.pdfIJSERReferences[1]."Gartner Smart Phone Marketshare 2016".Gartner, Inc.IJSER 2017http://www.ijser.org
exclusively on mobile phones. Android 2.x releases were mostly used for mobile phones but also some tablets. Android 3.0 was a tablet-oriented release and does not officially run on mobile phones. While both phone and tablet compatibility was merged to Android 4.0. The current Android version is7.1 Nougat.
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