Shelly Cashman Series Discovering Computers A Link To The Future

Teachers Discovering ComputersIntegrating Technology andDigital Media in the Classroom6th EditionChapter 2Communications, Networks, theInternet, and the World Wide Web

Chapter Objectives Define communications Identify the basic components of acommunications system Describe how and why network computers areused in schools and school districts Explain how the Internet worksChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web2

Chapter Objectives Describe the World Wide Web portion of theInternet Explain how Web documents are linked to oneanother Explain the use of Web browser software Explain how to use a Web search tool to findinformationChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web3

Chapter Objectives Identify several types of multimedia products available onthe Web Explain how Internet services such as e-mail, newsgroups,chat rooms, and instant messaging work Describe the educational implications of the Internet andthe World Wide Web Describe different ways to connect to the Internet and theWorld Wide Web Describe the pros and cons of Web 2.0 tools for teachersand studentsChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web4

What Is Communications? A process in which two or more computers ordevices transfer data, instructions, andinformation Sometimes called telecommunicationsChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web5

What Is Communications? Electronic mail (e-mail)Voice mailFacsimile (fax)TelecommutingOnline servicesVideoconferencingInternetWorld Wide WebChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web6

Communications Networks Basic communications system Two computers, one to send and one to receivedata Communications devices that send and receivedata A communications channel over which data is sentChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web7

Communications NetworksChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web8

Communications Networks Communicationschannel Transmissions media Twisted-pair cableChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web9

Communications Networks Digital vs. analogsignals Dial-up Modem External modem Internal modem Network interfacecardsChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web10

Communications Networks Local Area Networks (LAN) Covers limited geographical area Server manages resources Wide Area Networks (WAN) Covers large geographical area Can consist of several LANsChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web11

Communications Networks Home Networks Connects multiplecomputers in yourhome or home office Share Internetaccess Share peripherals Can be wired orwirelessChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web12

Networking the Classroom, School,and District School network server Example classroom Three Macintoshcomputers Printer Example school network Classrooms Administration Computer labChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web13

Networking the Classroom, School,and DistrictChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web14

Networking the Classroom, School,and District Example schooldistrict Central office Various schoolsChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web15

Networking the Classroom, School,and District Wireless schools andclassrooms Keep in touch withfamily and friendsfrom anywhere Smart phones Handheld or netbookcomputers Notebook computers Wireless technologybrings the computerlab to studentsChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web16

Networking the Classroom, School,and District High-Speed or Broadband Access Government works to provide high speed Internetaccess to classrooms Broadband technology transmits signals at muchfaster speedsChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web17

The Benefits of Computer Networks inEducation Sharing of computerhardware, software,and data resources Unlimited educationalresources Communicate withother educators andstudentsChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web18

What Is the Internet? Worldwide group of connected networks thatallow public access to information and services No single organization owns or controls Estimated over one billion users Variety of usersChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web19

What Is the Internet?Chapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web20

History of the Internet Started as a network of four computers at theUniversity of California at Los Angeles in 1969 Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) –ARPANET More than 350 million host computers today Backbone first provided by National ScienceFoundation (NSF) – NSFnetChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web21

History of the InternetChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web22

History of the Internet Backbone now provided by variety of corporations Various organizations help define standards Internet2 (I2) Extremely high-speed network Develop and test latest Internet technologies Members include more than 200 universities in theUnited States, along with 115 companiesChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web23

How the Internet Works Data is divided into packets Routers send packets across the Internet At the destination, the packets are reassembledinto the original message Transmission control protocol/Internet protocol(TCP/IP) is the communications protocol used bythe InternetChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web24

How the Internet WorksChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web25

How the Internet Works Internet Access Providers Have permanent connections to the Internet Provide temporary connections to individuals andcompanies for a fee Regional and national ISPs Online service providers offer members only areasChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web26

How the Internet Works Connecting to the Internet Business or school network connected to theInternet Dial-up access Cable TV (CATV) Digital subscriber line (DSL) Public Internet access pointChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web27

How the Internet WorksChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web28

How the Internet Works The Internet Backbone Acts as a highway National ISPs use dedicated lines to connectdirectly to the Internet Regional ISPs connect through leased lines tonational ISPsChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web29

How the Internet WorksChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web30

How the Internet Works Internet Addresses Numeric addresses Domain name Domain type abbreviations Country code abbreviationsChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web31

How the Internet WorksChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web32

The World Wide Web Started in the early1990s Hyperlinks Uniform ResourceLocator (URL) Hypertext transferprotocolChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web33

The World Wide Web How a Web Page Works Hypertext Hyperlinks Target Relative AbsoluteChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web34

The World Wide Web Web Browser Software Interprets HTML and displays Web pages andenables you to link to other Web pages and WebsitesChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web35

The World Wide Web Web BrowserSoftware Interprets HTML anddisplays Web pagesand enables you to linkto other Web pagesand Web sites Also interprets: XHTML XML CSSChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web36

The World Wide WebChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web37

The World Wide Web Searching forInformation on theWeb Directory maintainedby a search enginecompany Helps findinformation on theWeb Search engine Subject directoryChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web38

The World Wide Web Multimedia on the Web Web pages incorporate graphics, animation, audio,video, and virtual reality Plug-insChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web39

The World Wide Web Multimedia on theWeb Graphics Used to enhance textbased Internet Graphics formatsChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web40

The World Wide Web Multimedia on theWeb Graphics Used to enhance textbased Internet Graphics formats ThumbnailsChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web41

The World Wide Web Multimedia on the Web Animation Marquees Animated GIFsChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web42

The World Wide Web Multimedia on theWeb Audio MP3, WAV, WMA,RealAudio, andQuickTime Players Streaming audio Podcasting RSSChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web43

The World Wide Web Multimedia on theWeb Video Streaming videoChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web44

The World Wide Web Multimedia on the Web Virtual Reality Simulation of real orimagined environmentthat appears as a threedimensional (3-D) space VR worldsChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web45

Other Internet Services E-mail Primary communication method for both personaland business use E-mail programs Mailbox Mail server E-mail address User nameChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web46

Other Internet Services FTP (file transferprotocol) FTP sites andservers Allows file downloadsand uploads Anonymous FTP FTP programsChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web47

Other Internet Services Newsgroups and Message Boards Online area in which users conduct writtendiscussions about a particular subject Usenet News server Article Posting Threaded discussion Message boardChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web48

Other Internet ServicesChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web49

Other Internet Services Mailing Lists Group of e-mail names and addresses given asingle name Subscribing and unsubscribing LISTSERVsChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web50

Other Internet Services Instant Messaging See when one or morepeople are online Exchange messagesand files Join a private chatroom Text messaging Short Message Service(SMS)Chapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web51

Other Internet Services Chat Rooms Real-time conversation Chat rooms Chat clientsChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web52

Other Internet Services Voice Over IP (VoIP) Also called Internettelephony Uses the Internet toconnect calling parties Low cost magicJackChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web53

Netiquette Internet etiquette The code of acceptablebehaviors users shouldfollow while on theInternetChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web54

Internet Security Firewall Filtering software Acceptable Use Policy (AUP)Chapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web55

The Impact of the Internet and theWorld Wide Web on Education The Web is the Gutenbergprinting press of moderntimes Collaboration with otherteachers and students ePALS New instructionalstrategiesChapter 2: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web56