United Republic Of Tanzania 92nd - WIPO
United Republic of Tanzania92ndThe United Republic of Tanzania is ranked 92nd in the GII 2018, moving up 4 positions fromlast year.The GII indicators are grouped into innovation inputs and outputs. The following table reflects theUnited Republic of Tanzania’s rankings over time 1.United Republic of Tanzania’s ranking over time 20161051178022The United Republic of Tanzania performs better in innovation outputs than in innovation inputs.Over the last three years, the United Republic of Tanzania has markedly improved in innovationinputs, taking the 106th position this year, up from the 109th in 2017 and 117th in 2016.The country also shows an upward trend in innovation outputs, reaching the 71st spot this yearand moving up 5 positions from 2017 and 9 from 2016.Relative to its GII position (92nd), the Innovation Efficiency Ratio (31st) for the United Republicof Tanzania is very strong, showing that the country is quite efficient in translating its innovationinputs into outputs. This rank is partly influenced by a higher rank in innovation outputs (71st)compared to inputs (106th).1stThe United Republic of Tanzania is ranked 1st among the 15 low-income countries in the GII 2018.5thThe United Republic of Tanzania is ranked 5th among the 24 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa.1Note that year-on-year comparisons of the GII ranks are imperfect and influenced by changes in the GII model and dataavailability.
Benchmarking the United Republic of Tanzania to other low-incomecountries and the Sub-Saharan Africa regionUnited Republic of Tanzania’s scores by areaLow-income countriesThe United Republic of Tanzania hashigh scores in 6 out of the 7 GII areas –Institutions, Infrastructure, dge&Technology Outputs, and CreativeOutputs, in which it scores above theaverage of the low-income group.Top scores in areas such asRegulatory environment, Information &Communication Technologies (ICTs),Trade, competition & market scale,Innovationlinkages,Knowledgeimpact, and Intangible assets arebehind these high rankings.Sub-Saharan Africa regionCompared to other countries in the Sub-Saharan Africa region, the United Republic of Tanzaniaperforms above-average in 6 out of the 7 GII areas: Institutions, Infrastructure, MarketSophistication, Business Sophistication, Knowledge & Technology Outputs, and CreativeOutputs.Innovation profile of the United Republic of TanzaniaStrengths The most important GII strength for the United Republic of Tanzania is the InnovationEfficiency Ratio which positions 31st globally. On the innovation input side, comparative GII strengths for the country are found acrossfour GII areas. In Business Sophistication (94th), the United Republic of Tanzania has particularly strongperformance in one of its three components – Innovation linkages (27th) – and two of its fiveindicators – State of cluster development (55th) and R&D financed by abroad – whichpositions 7th globally. In this area, another GII strength is found in the indicator FDI inflows(47th). The United Republic of Tanzania also exhibits a number of comparative GII strengths inMarket Sophistication (98th). These are highlighted in the area Credit (57th) as well as twoof its indicators, Ease of getting credit (49th) and Microfinance gross loans (14th). In Institutions (90th), the indicator Cost of redundancy dismissal (26th) presents particularlystrong performance.
On the innovation input side, GII strengths also appear in Infrastructure (104th), where theUnited Republic of Tanzania performs strongly in two indicators: Logistics performance(60th) and Gross capital formation (40th). On the innovation output side, the United Republic of Tanzania shows strengths in both ofthe GII output areas. Creative Outputs (54th), the top-ranked GII area for the United Republic of Tanzania, ishighlighted as a strength. Here the country also exhibits strong performance in the areaIntangible assets (37th) and in the indicator Printing & other media (21st). The indicator Productivity growth places 12th globally and is signaled as a strength inKnowledge & Technology Outputs (98th).Weaknesses Most of the weaknesses for the United Republic of Tanzania are in Human Capital &Research (123rd), the lowest-ranked GII area for the country. Here it performs weakly in theindicators School life expectancy (111th), Tertiary enrolment (116th), Researchers (103rd),Global R&D companies’ expenditure (40th), and Quality of universities (78th). Other relative weaknesses on the innovation input side appear in Business Sophistication(94th) in three indicators: Knowledge-intensive employment (113th), R&D financed bybusiness (96th), and Females employed with advanced degrees (105th). On the innovation output side, the United Republic of Tanzania performs relatively weaklyin two indicators in the area Knowledge & Technology Outputs (98th): Patents by origin(123rd) and Computer software spending (124th).The following figure presents a summary of the United Republic of Tanzania’s ranks in the 7 GIIareas, as well as the overall rank in the GII 2018.United Republic of Tanzania’s rank in the GII 2018 and the 7 GII areasRank 1 is the highest possible in each pillarTotal number of countries: 126
Expected vs. Observed Innovation PerformanceThe GII bubble chart shows the relationship between income levels (GDP per capita) and innovationperformance (GII score). The depicted trendline gives an indication of the expected innovationperformance at different levels of income. Countries located above the trendline are performingbetter that what would be expected based on their income level. Countries below the line areInnovation Under-performers relative to GDP.Relative to GDP, the United Republic of Tanzania performs at its expected level of development.
Missing and Outdated DataMore and better data improves the ability of a country to understand its strengths and weaknessesand give policymakers greater capacity to plan and adapt public policies accordingly. The GII 2018covers 126 countries that complied with the minimum indicator coverage of 35 indicators in theInnovation Input Sub-Index (66%) and 18 indicators in the Innovation Output Sub-Index (66%).The following tables show data for the United Republic of Tanzania that is not available or that isoutdated.Missing DataCodeIndicatorCountryYearModelYearn/a2014UNESCO Institute for Statisticsn/an/an/a201520162016OECD PISAUNESCO Institute for StatisticsUNESCO Institute for StatisticsWorld Bank, World DevelopmentIndicatorsUNESCO Institute for StatisticsUNESCO Institute for StatisticsWIPO, Intellectual Property StatisticsWorld Bank, Doing BusinessWIPO, Intellectual Property StatisticsWIPO, Intellectual Property Statistics2.1.42.2.22.2.3Government funding/pupil, secondary, %GDP/capPISA scales in reading, maths & scienceGraduates in science & engineering, %Tertiary inbound mobility, %4.2.2Market capitalization, % /an/an/a2016201620162016201620167.2.17.2.2GERD performed by business, % GDPResearch talent, % in business enterpriseUtility models by origin/bn PPP GDPNew businesses/th pop. 15–64Trademarks by origin/bn PPP GDPIndustrial designs by origin/bn PPP GDPCultural & creative services exports, % totaltradeNational feature films/mn pop. 15–69n/an/a201620157.2.3Entertainment & Media market/th pop. 15–69n/a20167.3.4Mobile app creation/bn PPP GDPn/a20172.1.2SourceWTO, Trade in Commercial ServicesUNESCO Institute for StatisticsPwC's Global Entertainment andMedia Outlook, 2017–2021App Annie Intelligence
Outdated .4School life expectancy, yearsPupil-teacher ratio, secondaryTertiary enrolment, % grossResearchers, FTE/mn pop.Gross expenditure on R&D, % GDPKnowledge-intensive employment, %GERD financed by business, %Females employed w/advanced degrees,%GERD financed by abroad, %Intellectual property payments, % totaltradeICT services imports, % total tradePatents by origin/bn PPP GDPPCT patents by origin/bn PPP GDPHigh- & medium-high-tech manufactures,%Intellectual property receipts, % total tradeICT services exports, % total tradePrinting & other media, % manufacturingWikipedia edits/mn pop. 0ModelYear201620162016201620162016201520142016ILO, ILOSTAT20102015UNESCO Institute for Statistics20152016WTO, Trade in Commercial Services201520152015201620162017WTO, Trade in Commercial ServicesWIPO, Intellectual Property StatisticsWIPO, Intellectual Property Statistics20132015UNIDO, Industrial Statistics20152015201320142016201620152017WTO, Trade in Commercial ServicesWTO, Trade in Commercial ServicesUNIDO, Industrial StatisticsWikimedia FoundationSourceUNESCO Institute for StatisticsUNESCO Institute for StatisticsUNESCO Institute for StatisticsUNESCO Institute for StatisticsUNESCO Institute for StatisticsILO, ILOSTATUNESCO Institute for Statistics
TANZANIA, UNITED REPUBLIC OFOutput rankInput rankIncomeRegion71106LowSSFEfficiency ratio Population (mn)Score/Value3157.3ORankGDP, PPP 162.8GII 2018 rank92GDP per capita, PPP GII 2017 rank3,240.496Score/ValueInstitutions . 53.7901.11.1.11.1.2Political environment . 39.4Political stability & safety*.55.2Government effectiveness* . 31.59888981.21.2.11.2.21.2.3Regulatory environment .65.5Regulatory quality* .32.9Rule of law* . 33.3Cost of redundancy dismissal, salary weeks .9.367988726 O1.31.3.11.3.2Business environment .56.3Ease of starting a business* . 73.0Ease of resolving insolvency*. 39.510911695XHuman capital & research. Expenditure on education, % GDP .3.5Government funding/pupil, secondary, % GDP/cap.n/aSchool life expectancy, years .8.2PISA scales in reading, maths & science .n/aPupil-teacher ratio, secondary .26.411894n/a111 On/a972.22.2.12.2.22.2.3Tertiary education . 2.6Tertiary enrolment, % gross .3.9Graduates in science & engineering, %.n/aTertiary inbound mobility, %.n/a[122]116 On/an/a2.32.3.12.3.22.3.32.3.4Research & development (R&D) . 3.1Researchers, FTE/mn pop. . 18.3Gross expenditure on R&D, % GDP .0.5Global R&D companies, top 3, mn US . 0.0QS university ranking, average score top 3* . 0.0Infrastructure .32.81043.13.1.13.1.23.1.33.1.4Information & communication technologies (ICTs) .37.3ICT access* .25.2ICT use* . 7.5Government’s online service*.57.2E-participation*. 59.310012012272653.23.2.13.2.23.2.3General infrastructure.36.0Electricity output, kWh/cap . 117.7Logistics performance* .42.9Gross capital formation, % GDP .25.36911660 O X40 O3.33.3.13.3.23.3.3Ecological sustainability.25.2GDP/unit of energy use .4.9Environmental performance* .50.8ISO 14001 environmental certificates/bn PPP GDP.0.311410595103Market sophistication.41.1984.14.1.14.1.24.1.3Credit . 39.2Ease of getting credit* .65.0Domestic credit to private sector, % GDP . 14.3Microfinance gross loans, % GDP .3.057 O49 O11814 O4.24.2.14.2.24.2.3Investment . 30.5Ease of protecting minority investors* .45.0Market capitalization, % GDP .n/aVenture capital deals/bn PPP GDP . 0.0112103n/a654.34.3.14.3.24.3.3Trade, competition, & market scale .53.5Applied tariff rate, weighted mean, %.7.1Intensity of local competition† . 60.4Domestic market scale, bn PPP . 162.8911001036786X103 O57X40 O X78 O XXXXXXRankBusiness sophistication .25.2945.15.1.15.1.25.1.35.1.45.1.5Knowledge workers .12.1Knowledge-intensive employment, % .3.4Firms offering formal training, % firms.30.7GERD performed by business, % GDP .n/aGERD financed by business, % . 0.1Females employed w/advanced degrees, % .0.4120113 O49n/a96 O X105 O5.25.2.15.2.25.2.35.2.45.2.5Innovation linkages . 43.4University/industry research collaboration† .41.7State of cluster development† .47.3GERD financed by abroad, % .42.0JV–strategic alliance deals/bn PPP GDP . 0.0Patent families 2 offices/bn PPP GDP . 0.027 O5855 O7 O75X1045.35.3.15.3.25.3.35.3.45.3.5Knowledge absorption. 20.3Intellectual property payments, % total trade . 0.0High-tech net imports, % total trade. 6.6ICT services imports, % total trade .0.5FDI net inflows, % GDP .3.3Research talent, % in business enterprise .n/a10311188100X47 On/aKnowledge & technology outputs . 16.2986.16.1.16.1.26.1.36.1.46.1.5Knowledge creation. 4.1Patents by origin/bn PPP GDP . 0.0PCT patents by origin/bn PPP GDP . 0.0Utility models by origin/bn PPP GDP .n/aScientific & technical articles/bn PPP GDP .3.2Citable documents H index. 8.7101123 O X102n/a9873X6.26.2.16.2.26.2.36.2.46.2.5Knowledge impact . 34.3Growth rate of PPP GDP/worker, %.3.8New businesses/th pop. 15–64.n/aComputer software spending, % GDP . 0.0ISO 9001 quality certificates/bn PPP GDP . 1.1High- & medium-high-tech manufactures, % . 0.17012 O Xn/a124 O X107836.36.3.16.3.26.3.36.3.4Knowledge diffusion . 10.2Intellectual property receipts, % total trade . 0.0High-tech net exports, % total trade .0.2ICT services exports, % total trade .0.5FDI net outflows, % GDP . 0.012298102101115Creative outputs. 30.7547.17.1.17.1.27.1.37.1.4Intangible assets . 50.1Trademarks by origin/bn PPP GDP .n/aIndustrial designs by origin/bn PPP GDP .n/aICTs & business model creation† . 51.9ICTs & organizational model creation† . 48.237 O Xn/an/a97847.27.2.17.2.27.2.37.2.47.2.5Creative goods & services . 22.7Cultural & creative services exports, % total trade .n/aNational feature films/mn pop. 15–69 .n/aEntertainment & Media market/th pop. 15–69 .n/aPrinting & other media, % manufacturing . 1.7Creative goods exports, % total trade . 0.1[62]n/an/an/a21 O927.37.3.17.3.27.3.37.3.4Online creativity . 0.1Generic top-level domains (TLDs)/th pop. 15–69 . 0.1Country-code TLDs/th pop. 15–69 . 0.1Wikipedia edits/mn pop. 15–69 .0.2Mobile app creation/bn PPP GDP .n/a121118108115n/aOXXXNOTES: O indicates a strength; O a weakness; X an income group strength; X an income group weakness; * an index; † a survey question.indicates that the country’s data are older than the base year; see Appendix II for details, including the year of the data, at http://globalinnovationindex.org.Square brackets indicate that the data minimum coverage (DMC) requirements were not met at the sub-pillar or pillar level; see page 75 of this appendix for details.Country/Economy Profiles 187
United Republic of Tanzania's rankings over time 1. United Republic of Tanzania's ranking over time . GII Input Output Efficiency 2018 92 106 71 31 2017 96 109 76 29 2016 . 2.1.5 UNESCO Institute for StatisticsPupil-teacher ratio, secondary 2012 2016 2.2.1 Tertiary enrolment, % gross 2015 2016 UNESCO Institute for Statistics .
20 001 - 60 000 More than 60 000 T.Sh. 1 000.00 per 12 hours or part thereof T.Sh. 1 000.00 per 6 hours or . UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA POLAND 04/11/1976 10778 UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA CHINA 11/04/2008 10556 UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA UNITED KINGDOM 01/07/1980 3019
education in Tanzania and defines the roles of national and local education bodies. Sources: UNESCO-IBE (2010). World Data on Education VII Ed. 2010/11. United Republic of Tanzania. Geneva: UNESCO-IBE. United Republic of Tanzania (1997). National Council for Technical Education Act. Dodoma: United Republic of Tanzania.
2.1- Tanzania (United Republic of)’s HDI value and rank Tanzania (United Republic of)’s HDI value for 2019 is 0.529— which put the country in the low human development category—positioning it at 163 out of 189 countries and territories. Between 1990 0.529and 2019, Tanzania (United Republic of)’s HDI value increased from 0.368 to , an
THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA OF 1977. CHAPTER 2 OF THE LAWS. 2005 . The following is the official Revised version in English of “KATIBA YA JAMHURI YA MUUNGANO WA TANZANIA YA MWAKA 1977”. This revised edition of the
TARP Tanzania Agricultural Research Project TAWIRI Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute TAWLAE Tanzania Association of Women Leaders in Agriculture and Environment TBC Tanzania Broadcasting Cooperation TBS Tanzania Bureau of Standard TCC Tanzania Communications Commission TCCIA Tanzan
THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA NATIONAL LAND POLICY MINISTRY OF LANDS AND HUMAN SETILEMENTS DEVELOPMENT DAR ES SALAAM TANZANIA . NATIONAL LAND POLICY The Ministry of Lands and Human Settlements Dar es salaam, Tanzania Second Edition 1997 . CONTENTS PAGE PREFACE ii DEFINITIONS iii
Republic in 1962. Zanzibar became independent in December, 1963 and the People’s Republic of Zanzibar was established after the Revolution of 12 th January, 1964. The two Sovereign States formed the United Republic of Tanzania on 26 th April, 1964. The fourth multi-party elections held in October, 2010 brought in His
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