Industrial And Organizational Psychology: Trends, Challenges, And .

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Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Trends, Challenges, and ApplicationsPROCEEDINGS4th International Conferenceon Industrial and OrganizationalPsychology:Trends, Challenges and Applications(19th APRIL, 2012)Dr. Muhammad AjmalNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF PSYCHOLOGYCentre of ExcellenceQuaid-i-Azam University IslamabadEditorsAnila KamalAisha ZubairRubina HanifSadaf TariqNaeem AslamOrganized by National Institute of Psychology, QAU, Islamabad (19th April, 2012)

Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Trends, Challenges, and ApplicationsPrefaceWe are very pleased to introduce the proceedings of4th International Conference onIndustrial and Organizational Psychology: Trends, Challenges, and Applications. Thisconference was held on the campus of Quaid-i-Azam University in Islamabad on 19th April,2012, the home of a major state university amid pleasant surroundings, was a delightful place forthe conference.There were extensive contributions from about 550 participants including students,faculty members, and professionals from Isfahan University of Iran, University of Punjab(Lahore), Government College University (Lahore), Beaconhouse National University (Lahore),Lahore College for Women University, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Institute ofBusiness Management (Karachi), International Islamic University (Islamabad), Bahaud-dinZakaria University (Multan), Karachi University, Islamia University (Bahawalpur), HazaraUniversity’s Mansehra Campus, Hamdard Institute of Management Sciences, Bahria University,National University of Science and Technology, School of Administrative Sciences at Quaid-iAzam University, University Institute of Management Sciences of PMAS, Arid AgricultureUniversity, University of Gujrat, University of Sargodha, Peshawar University and thepostgraduate colleges of Islamabad and Rawalpindi.Section 1 presents the main messages that were delivered before and during theconference. Special messages were delivered by Prof. Dr. Masoom Yasinzai, then ViceChancelor of Quaid-i-Azam University and Prof. Dr. Anila Kamal, Director, National Institute ofPsychology, Quaid-i-Azam University. This section also captures the welcome note of theDirector, NIP, inaugural address of vice chancellor and the chief guest, Prof. Dr. Nasser AliKhan presented in the inaugural session of the conference. These are followed by the concludingaddress given by Zubair Ahmed Malik, Former President, Islamabad Chamber of Commerce andIndustry.Section II presented a brief conference overview so as to grasp the overall happenings ofthe whole conference day and also to capture the diversity of activities during the event.Conference committees gives the reflection of untiring efforts of the worthy colleagues andfaculty of NIP who presented an excellent examples of team work and dedication. Conferenceprogram offers more elaborative picture regarding themes of scientific sessions and theOrganized by National Institute of Psychology, QAU, Islamabad (19th April, 2012)

Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Trends, Challenges, and Applicationsassortment of papers presented in each session. Esteemed session chairs and dynamic moderatorshad made each scientific session productive and a thorough learning for the audience.Section III present a brief introduction about the keynote speaker Prof. Dr. SherriNevada McCarthy, Human Relations Program, Educational Psychology Department, NorthernArizona University, Yuma, USA. The title of her plenary speech was: Integrating Education andPractice in the Training of I/O Psychologists: Examples from Universities in Several Countries.Section IV include abstracts of papers that were selected and published in Psychology atWork in Asia: Proceeds of the 3rd and 4th Asian Psychological Association Conferences and the4th International Conference on Organizational Psychology edited by Sherri McCarthy, JasJaafar, Anila Kamal and Aisha Zubair and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing, UK.The proceeds include papers that are presented in 3rd Asian Psychological AssociationConference (Darwin, Australia); 4th Asian Psychological Association Conference (Jakarta,Indonesia), and 4th International Conference on Industrial and Organizational Psychology:Trends, Challenges, and Applications (Islamabad, Pakistan). Selecting the best examples of workfrom each of the conferences to form a cohesive volume was the major purpose of selectedproceeds. The selection based on, first, offering samples of current work from as manyparticipating countries as possible. We were able to include work from more than 10 Asiancountries, as well as work conducted in Asia or on topics relevant to Asian societies by scholarsfrom the UK, USA, Australia, Sweden and Germany. Topic of research was also a majordeterminant of inclusion. As the theme was organizational psychology, therefore, that paper waspreferred which was most directly connected to psychology in the work place. Obviously, manyaspects of our lives influence the quality of our work, just as our work influences many aspectsof our lives. School, home, family, health and quality of life are all related to success in theworkplace, just as stress at work influences family life, health and quality of life. As such, not allof the papers here are strictly tied to organizational research.Section V is comprised of full text papers that were presented in various scientificsessions of the conference. We include only those papers for which the authors have renderedtheir consent. Few authors decline their consent for inclusion of their paper in the conferenceproceeds as they are interested to submit their papers to the relevant journals. The quality of theseOrganized by National Institute of Psychology, QAU, Islamabad (19th April, 2012)

Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Trends, Challenges, and Applicationspapers is a tribute to the authors and also to the reviewers who have guided any necessaryimprovement.Section VI presented a rich assortment of abstracts of poster presentations. The postersremain displayed in the hallways of the conference venue throughout the day. Posters offer adynamic and vibrant channel to present the research findings in a more attractive and captivatingmanner.Section VII presents the brief summaries of the preconference workshops which wereexecuted before the conference. NIP has a consistent tradition of organizing pre and postconference workshops which provides an active forum for the participants to have theopportunity of experiential learning and erudition.Lastly, advertisements are included which would be quite informative to the readersregarding different services available at NIP. Few advertisements are also included from themajor sponsors of the conference.In the end, we are greatly indebted to the participants of the conference for their activeinvolvement in the event that made it a successful happening. We also acknowledge the authorsas their valuable contributions and input was the greatest strength of the conference.EditorsAnila KamalAisha ZubairRubina HanifSadaf TariqNaeem AslamOrganized by National Institute of Psychology, QAU, Islamabad (19th April, 2012)

Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Trends, Challenges, and ApplicationsCONTENTSTitlePage No.Section I: Messages1Inaugural Address of Prof Dr. Masoom Yasin Zai, Vice Chancellor, Quaid-iAzam University, Islamabad, Pakistan3Welcome Note by Prof. Dr. Anila Kamal, Director, National Institute ofPsychology, Quaid-i-Azam Univesity, Islamabad, Pakistan4Inaugural Address by Prof. Dr. Nasser Ali Khan, Member Operation andPlanning, Higher Education Commission, Islamabad, Pakistan5Concluding Address by Zubair Ahmed Malik, Former President, IslamabadChamber of Commerce and Industry, Islamabad, Pakistan6Section II: Conference Overview7Conference Committees8Conference Program12Section III: Keynote Address20Prof. Dr. Sherri N. McCarthy, Department of Psychology and Education,Northern Arizona State University, USAAbstract of Keynote Address21Section IV: Abstract of Papers Published in International Proceeds23Psychology at Work in AsiaSection V: Papers Presented in Conference29Section VI: Abstracts of Poster Presentations196Section VII: Pre-Conference Workshops219Advertisements222Organized by National Institute of Psychology, QAU, Islamabad (19th April, 2012)

Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Trends, Challenges, and ApplicationsMESSAGESOrganized by National Institute of Psychology, QAU, Islamabad (19th April, 2012)

Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Trends, Challenges, and ApplicationsMessageProf. Dr. Masoom YasinzaiVice ChancellorQuaid-i-Azam University, IslamabadIt provides me with great source of contentment and satisfaction that since 1976, NationalInstitute of Psychology is contributing a great deal into national as well as international arenathrough its academic and research endeavors. It also makes me pleased that National Institute ofPsychology, for the last few years, is making a great deal in the field of research and academiaby conducting national as well as international conferences on diverse areas of knowledge. I amhopeful that the ongoing international conference on “Industrial and Organizational Psychology:Trends, Challenges, and Applications” will not only enrich research and academic domains ofknowledge, but it would also provide industrial and organizational realm with an opportunity toget cherished with the ways this knowledge can be applied. It would also facilitate socialscientists and organizational psychologists by providing them with a platform to share theirintellectual discourse and ideas.I am glad that NIP as an esteemed organization, is pursuing this venerable goal under theproficient leadership of Prof. Dr. Anila Kamal, the current Director of NIP, and her dedicatedteam of professionals. Their perseverance, enthusiasm, motivation, and commitment to researchand academic obligation is worth appreciation. I assure them of my utmost support and wishthem best of luck.Organized by National Institute of Psychology, QAU, Islamabad (19th April, 2012)Page 1

Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Trends, Challenges, and ApplicationsMessageProf. Dr. Anila KamalDirectorNational Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University, IslamabadNational Institute of Psychology, for the last three decades, since its beginning, has beenvery industrious and enthusiastic in conducting national as well as international conferencesrelated to varied dimensions of psychology. The core objective of these efforts is to provide aforum to the researches and practitioners working in diverse settings to share their invaluable andprofessional experiences with us.The current international conference with the theme Industrial and OrganizationalPsychology: Trends, Challenges and Applications is also such an effort. The health of anorganization can be determined by the psychological state of its employees and the level ofemployee engagement in the organizations. When organization grows, so does its employees andas such it is important that the employees are prepared and trained to take on the buildingpressure of performing more to keep up with the growth of the organization. I/O psychologyprovides us with the techniques, essential for promoting productive worker attitudes andbehaviors, managing work life balance, and also selecting and promoting candidates in the mosteffective manner. This is especially important in this fast-changing world whereby organizationsare forced to continuously adapt and restructure to survive.This conference may play a pivotal role in the development of organizational psychologyin Pakistan as it intends to provide a unique opportunity for both the researcher and thepractitioners to share their ideas and experiences which help spawn effective and efficientorganizations. Being the oldest institute of psychology in Pakistan, offering specialization in thefield of Industrial/Organizational Psychology, National Institute of Psychology feels privilegedto host such a marvelous international conference. The purpose of this international conference istwo prong; on one hand we apt to invite psychologists, from different domains of psychologyand provide them with an opportunity to give their input regarding the applications ofpsychology in industrial settings, based on their research experience. On the other hand, we alsoinvite people from the fields of entrepreneurship and management to have a collaborativeexperience with the psychologists from all across the globe, and extend that knowledge throughits applications in their respective fields in order to maximize their organizational performanceand productivity. Thus this conference may delineate the actual landscape of I/O psychology inPakistan and may also suggest important guidelines for the further progress of the field.I am thankful to Higher Education Commission for the assistance in the conduction ofthis international conference through its collaboration. I am also grateful and obliged to Prof. Dr.Masoom Yasinzai, Vice Chancellor, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, for his solemnsupport and reinforcement. I feel grateful to all the presenters, participants, and the members oforganizing committees, who acknowledged this need of the time and gave their due share in theexecution of this event.Organized by National Institute of Psychology, QAU, Islamabad (19th April, 2012)Page 2

Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Trends, Challenges, and ApplicationsInternational Conference on Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Trends,Challenges, and Applications (April 19, 2012)Inaugural AddressProf. Dr. Masoom YasinzaiVice Chancellor, Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIt’s an occasion of immense pleasure for me to be part of International Conference onIndustrial and Organizational Psychology: Trends, Challenges and Applications. Indeed thisconference is rightly held in the milieu of vigorously changing economic, fiscal, and businesscircumstances. In my opinion, organizational and industrial sciences had a definite part to play inbusiness and industry because it would increase output without increasing the demands on theenergy of the worker. Business and industrial psychology has become an integral part of howorganizations do business by helping businesses focus on key productivity issues including thephysical and mental well-being of workers. I hope that deliberations of the conference wouldpave the way for professionals to ponder on the application of psychological theories andprinciples to the effective functioning of the organizations and increasing workplaceproductivity.Being a focal and significant university of Pakistan, Quaid-i-Azam University hasfulfilled its foremost obligation in implementing those educational values and practices whichare in direct alliance with the national needs and requirements. Therefore, we always foster andstressed application and reality oriented approach as an integral part of the educationalnetworking, in all its disciplines and related departments. In the backdrop of rapidly alteringsocio-political scenarios; it’s a high time to figure out the ways which will eventually cultivateand promote the economy and monetary steadiness of our country and in the longer run play avital role in the overall stability of Pakistan.There is also a dire need to strive with maximum potential to match our competenciesand capabilities in accordance to the international trends and inclinations so as to bridge theglobal advances and national developmental pace. Social sciences are becoming indispensable,by and large, in research and exploration of social, communal, and societal issues; at bothindividual and collective levels. I am glad that National Institute of Psychology has taken a stepforward in organizing international conference on the much needed theme. I look forward to thenational and international social scientists and professionals to unravel the workplace concernsand predicaments and also recommend potential and promising solutions in maximizing thehuman potential in the administrative and organizational setups. I wish best of luck to theparticipants and presenters and congratulate the faculty and staff of NIP for their effort andendeavor in organizing this conference.Organized by National Institute of Psychology, QAU, Islamabad (19th April, 2012)Page 3

Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Trends, Challenges, and ApplicationsWelcome NoteProf. Dr. Anila KamalDirectorNational Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIt’s my pleasure to welcome you all at the International Conference on Industrial AndOrganizational Psychology: Trends Challenges and Applications. National Institute ofPsychology as Centre of Excellence has always strived for the ultimate goal of providing valuedculture based on application oriented approach and scientist-practitioner model both in researchand teaching. NIP is also offering wide range of specialized courses and internship programs indiverse areas of Psychology. As a national institute, we always obliged to the educational needsof Pakistan and through our expertise and dedication, take the educational standards to the nextlevel. For the last few years NIP has regularly conducted national and international conferenceson diverse issues for the rigorous sharing of ideas and research output at both indigenous andglobal levels. In the context of rapidly changing social, economic, and political scenarios thetheme of the present event is the focus on Industrial and Organizational Psychology with specialemphasis to augment understanding of prevailing trends, competitive challenges, andapplications in the factual occupational settings.I am certain that deliberations of the conference would assist in accomplishing its vitalaspirations. The crucial goal of this conference is to share knowledge and research skills neededto study human performance in the workplace. Moreover, it is equally critical to determine theresolutions to problems of the real-world projects and scrutinize the application of psychologicalprinciples and ideologies to workforce management.The contributors of the conference have joined this forum from assorted milieu ofacademia, research, and consultation; therefore, I dearly hope that each contributor of theconference would experience pragmatic learning and supplement their comprehension.I like to acknowledge our major collaborator Higher Education Commission for thefacilitation in the execution of this event. We are highly indebted to HEC for extending their helpin the materializing of event. HEC has played pivotal role in the growth and expansion of highereducation in both public and private universities by rendering logistic, monetary, andadministrative support and assistance.I also express my best wishes to the speakers, paper/poster presenters and panelists fortheir scientific contributions in this venture.Organized by National Institute of Psychology, QAU, Islamabad (19th April, 2012)Page 4

Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Trends, Challenges, and ApplicationsInaugural AddressProf. Dr. Nasser Ali KhanMember Operations and PlanningHigher Education Commission, IslamabadIn the backdrop of rapidly altering socio-political scenarios; it’s a high time to figure outthe ways which would eventually cultivate and promote the economy and monetary steadiness ofour country and in the longer run play a vital role in the overall stability of Pakistan. It’s a call ofpoint in time to converge our research endeavors undertaken by the professional and skilledacademe to explore the cultural specific and more customized and adapted modes of solving theproblems. I generously appreciate the initiative taken by National Institute of Psychology and hastaken a step forward in organizing international conference on the much needed theme. Underthe prevailing circumstances, national and international social scientists and professionals shouldpropose ways to unravel the workplace concerns and predicaments and recommend potential andpromising solutions in maximizing the human potential in the administrative and organizationalsetups. Existing industrial and business complex in Pakistan is in a calamitous need to be upliftat par with the global transformations; thereby requiring rigorous and scrupulous progression inthe techniques, essential for promoting productive workers’ attitudes and behaviors, managingwork life equilibrium, and also selecting and promoting candidates in the most effectiveapproach This is especially important in this fast-changing world whereby organizations areforced to continuously adapt and restructure to survive.I am hopeful that the ongoing international conference on “Industrial and OrganizationalPsychology: Trends, Challenges, and Applications” will not only enrich research and academicdomains of knowledge, but it would also provide industrial and organizational realm with anopportunity to get cherished with the ways this knowledge can be applied. It would also facilitatesocial scientists and organizational psychologists by providing them with a platform to sharetheir intellectual discourse and ideas.Organized by National Institute of Psychology, QAU, Islamabad (19th April, 2012)Page 5

Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Trends, Challenges, and ApplicationsConcluding AddressZubair Ahmed MalikFormer PresidentIslamabad Chamber of Commerce and IndustryThe health of an organization can be determined by the psychological state of itsemployees and the level of employee engagement in the organizations. When organizationgrows, so does its employees and as such it is important that the employees are prepared andtrained to take on the building pressure of performing more to keep up with the growth of theorganization. I/O psychology provides us with the techniques, essential for promoting productiveworker attitudes and behaviors, managing work life balance, and also selecting and promotingcandidates in the most effective manner. This is especially important in this fast-changing worldwhereby organizations are forced to continuously adapt and restructure to survive.He put emphasis on the need to develop awareness in relation to the knowledge andresearch skills needed to improve human performance in the workplace. He further expressedthat organizational structures, social norms, management styles, and role expectations are allfactors that can influence behavior of people within an organization. By understanding suchfactors, efforts can be made to improve individual performance and health while at the same timebenefiting the organization as a whole. The purpose of this international conference is two prong;on one hand we apt to invite psychologists, from different domains of psychology and providethem with an opportunity to give their input regarding the applications of psychology inindustrial settings, based on their research experience. On the other hand, we also invite peoplefrom the fields of entrepreneurship and management to have a collaborative experience with thepsychologists from all across the globe, and extend that knowledge through its applications intheir respective fields in order to maximize their organizational performance and productivity.Thus this conference may delineate the actual landscape of I/O psychology in Pakistan and mayalso suggest important guidelines for the further progress of the field.Organized by National Institute of Psychology, QAU, Islamabad (19th April, 2012)Page 6

Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Trends, Challenges, and ApplicationsConference OverviewIndustrial and Organizational Psychology is committed to create and improve sociallyresponsible organizations ready to meet the challenges of an increasingly diverse workforce,global economy, and universal community. National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-AzamUniversity organized International Conference on Industrial and Organizational Psychology:Trends, Challenges, and Applications with the fundamental aim of providing the platform toexchange logical and critical analysis of the human-organization interface. The conference alsointends to provide forum to the industrial and organizational psychologists and researchers towork out the requisites necessary to pursue wide range of work place issues based on thecombinations of their interests and experiences. The event focused on the ultimate aim ofpromoting critical reasoning, ability to apply and effective sharing of scientific knowledge indiverse situations, formal scientific methods and thinking, and advanced statistical analysis in thedomains of Industrial and Organizational Psychology.As a culminating event, conference achieved its mission to facilitate the organizationacademic interaction by (a) helping the organizations to effectively manage their humanresources, (b) scientific investigation of human behavior and cognition at work, and (c) helpingindividuals realize their work goals, including assistance to maximize job satisfaction andminimize work stress. Flexible and adaptive leadership is especially important when there issubstantial change in organizational situations. Deliberations of the conference would smooth theprogress of training future leaders, change agents, scholars, and educators to use psychologicaland organizational theory and research to improve organizational effectiveness and the work lifeof all individuals. Since we believe every employee is unique, organizations are encouraged totailor their job designs and job specifications to fit the individual interests and career goals oftheir employees.The conference program catered to both academics and practitioners, with aninternational flavor and a focus on our theme of human connection to a world of dynamicchange. We hope the conference provides an outstanding experience with paper and posterpresentations focusing on every aspect of Industrial and Organizational Psychology. Add to that,in-depth panel discussion, informative and experiential preconference workshops, and inspiringkeynote address offered wide array of experience to all.Conference proceedings commenced with formal inaugural ceremony setting a base forthe whole line up of activities. The hallmark of the event was the plenary speech providing aninsight about the I/O Psychology in the backdrop of international trends and approaches as wellas ever changing economic and political scenarios. Further proceeding of the event includes fourparallel rigorous and meticulous scientific sessions offering a wide array of the empirical andpragmatic research papers covering major dimensions of Industrial and OrganizationalPsychology. Posters further added to the essence of graphical presentation of research findingsoffering visual delight to the audiences. Panel discussion as post lunch activity had presentedvibrant and enriched platform to the experts of related disciplines to share their connoisseuropinion regarding the need to epitomize our academic output with the industrial requisites.Contributions and participation of everyone in the conference were duly acknowledged andappreciated in a ceremonial closing session and to formally conclude the event. Last but not theleast, the energetic day ended with scrumptious gala dinner and musical show to bid memorablefarewell to the participants.Prof. Dr. Anila Kamal (Chief Organizer)Aisha Zubair (Organizer)Organized by National Institute of Psychology, QAU, Islamabad (19th April, 2012)Page 7

Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Trends, Challenges, and ApplicationsConference CommitteesNational Institute of Psychology takes pride on its faculty and staff that undoubtedlystrived and put their best to achieve ultimate aims and objectives of the institute. Keeping in linewith the same spirit, faculty of NIP has made every effort in materializing this event from thevery outset of its idea to the actual happening of the occasion. We duly acknowledge themagnificent and splendid contributions and assistance of our esteemed members who worked inthe following conference committees.Organizing CommitteeProf. Dr. Anila Kamal(Chief Organizer)Ms. Aisha Zubair(Organizer)Mr. Mohsin Sajjad(Administrative Coordinator)Scientific CommitteeProf. Dr. Rudolf Moos(Professor Emeritus, Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University, California, USA)Dr. Javed Ansari(Dean, Department of Business Psychology, Institute of Business Management, Karachi)Prof. Dr. Habibah Elias(Department of Educational Foundations, Faculty of Educational Studies, UniversityPutra, Selangor, Malaysia)Prof. Dr. Anila Kamal,(Tenured Professor, Director, National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University,Islamabad)Dr. Tahir Saeed(Chairperson, Department of Leadership and Management Studies, National DefenseUniversity, Islamabad)Prof. Dr. Seema Pervez(Professor Retd., National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad)Dr. Basit Basharat Tayyab(Chairperson, School of Management Sciences, Department of Administrative Sciences,Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad)Organized by National Institute of Psychology, QAU, Islamabad (19th April, 2012)Page 8

Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Trends, Challenges, and ApplicationsProf. Dr. M. Anis-ul-Haque(Professor, National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad)Dr. Rubina Hanif(Assistant Professor TTS, National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University,Islamabad)Director’s Representatives in Parallel Scientific SessionsProf. Dr. M. Anis-ul-HaqueDr. Rubina HanifMs. Rabia MuqtadirAdministrator/Logistic CommitteeMr. Mohsin SajjadFinance CommitteeProf. Dr. Anila KamalMs. Aisha ZubairDr. Sadaf TariqMr. Mohsin SajjadRegistration CommitteeDr. Sadaf TariqMs. Saira KhanProgram CommitteeDr. Jamil A. MalikMs. Shaista WaqarMs. Sohema TahirDr. Humaira JamiMs. Rabia MuqtadirMs. Irum NaqviMs. Momna AnwarDr. Sobia MasoodMs. Syeda Tafseer ZahraMs. Aisha ZubairProceedings

Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Trends, Challenges, and Applications. This conference was held on the campus of Quaidi-Azam University in Islamabad on 19-th. April, 2012, the home of a major state university amid pleasant surroundings, was a delightful place for the conference.

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