Analyzing The Pennsylvania Veterans' Memorial - National History Day
Analyzing the PennsylvaniaVeterans’ MemorialDEVELOPED BY ALISON BROWNINGGuiding Question:How does the Pennsylvania Veterans’ Memorial guidevisitors to reflect on sacrifice, service, and battle?
Analyzing the Pennsylvania Veterans’ MemorialOverviewUsing the Pennsylvania Veterans’ Memorial as a primary source,students will explore symbolism and memorial design. Studentswill make connections to soldiers and service through theMemorial. Also, students will be asked to identify and analyzespecific elements of the Memorial.ObjectivesAt the conclusion of this activity, students will be able to: Describe how each branch of military service is representedin the memorial; Make connections between various conflicts and thememorial; and Analyze how various elements of the memorial guidevisitors to reflect on service and sacrifice.The Pennsylvania Veterans’ Memorialat Indiantown Gap National Cemeteryis a beautiful and austere memorial.The thought, time, and energy thatwent into designing and buildingthis memorial is humbling. I wantstudents to genuinely reflect on thisstriking memorial and what it meansto sacrifice and serve in the U.S.military. Also, I want students to thinkabout what decisions are made whendesigning a memorial.— Alison BrowningBrowning teaches at J.P. McCaskey HighSchool Campus in Lancaster, Pennsylvania.Spotlight: Indiantown Gap National CemeteryIndiantown Gap derives its name from the various Native American communities thatresided in this region of Pennsylvania. The first inhabitants were Susquehannocks, anIroquois tribe first encountered by Europeans in the 17th century.In 1976, a section of Fort Indiantown Gap was selected as the national cemeteryfor the states of Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, Virginia, and West Virginia. TheCommonwealth of Pennsylvania donated land for the 677-acre site to the VeteransVETERANS LEGACY PROGRAMNational Cemetery Administration American Battle Monuments Commission National History Day Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media1
Analyzing the Pennsylvania Veterans’ Memorial2Standards ConnectionsConnections to Common CoreCCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.3 Determine the central ideas or information of a primary orsecondary source; provide an accurate summary of how key events or ideas develop over thecourse of the text.Documents UsedPrimary SourcesIndiantown Gap National CemeteryU.S. Department of Veterans townGap813.pdfPhotograph, Captain Moore, Cathedral of Armentieres, 1918National Archives and Records Administration Photograph, Lieutenant Schoedsack, American Graves on the Southside of Church, 1919National Archives and Records Administration (157381)Photograph, French Ruins, 1919National Archives and Records Administration Photograph, Home Again, 1919National Archives and Records Administration VETERANS LEGACY PROGRAMNational Cemetery Administration American Battle Monuments Commission National History Day Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media
Analyzing the Pennsylvania Veterans’ Memorial3Secondary SourcesThe Pennsylvania Veterans’ Memorial BrochureIndiantown Gap National CemeteryPennsylvania Department of Veterans’ pdfVeteran Profile, Yeoman First Class Helen WhittakerNational Cemetery als Analyzing the Pennsylvania Veterans’ Memorial worksheetPens or pencilsMap of Indiantown Gap National CemeteryActivity Preparation Make one copy of the map of Indiantown Gap National Cemetery for educator use. Explain to students that the Pennsylvania Veterans’ Memorial is a solemn place and should betreated with respect.Make one copy of the Analyzing the Pennsylvania Veterans’ Memorial worksheet for eachstudent.VETERANS LEGACY PROGRAMNational Cemetery Administration American Battle Monuments Commission National History Day Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media
Analyzing the Pennsylvania Veterans’ Memorial4ProcedureActivity One: Analyzing the Pennsylvania Veterans’ Memorial (40 minutes) Seat students in the Amphitheater of the Pennsylvania Veterans’ Memorial. Explain the directions to the students.Hand out one Analyzing the Pennsylvania Veterans’ Memorial worksheet to each student. Students may work in partners or small groups at the teacher’s discretion. Students will have 30 minutes to walk around the memorial and write their answers to thequestions on their Analyzing the Pennsylvania Veterans’ Memorial worksheets. Bring students back together in the Amphitheater.Discuss student responses to the last two questions.Assessment Discuss student responses to the last two questions. Make sure to address the last two questions as a group:--What element of the monument had the biggest impact on you? Why?--How does the Pennsylvania Veterans’ Memorial guide visitors to reflect onsacrifice, service, and battle? Collect and review student responses on the worksheet.Methods for Extension Students could do further research on the Pennsylvania Veterans’ Memorial. For example,students could research the architect, the plaques around the memorial, etc. Students could complete the worksheet by taking photographs to help answer the questionsand add commentary later. Students could look for other pictures of war torn buildings using the National Archives or otherresearch engines. Students could research other veterans’ memorials in Pennsylvania, the United States, or abroadand compare and contrast the memorials.VETERANS LEGACY PROGRAMNational Cemetery Administration American Battle Monuments Commission National History Day Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media
Analyzing the Pennsylvania Veterans’ MemorialAnalyzing the Pennsylvania Veterans’ Memorial Look at the images below. In your opinion, which is most reminiscent of the PennsylvaniaVeterans’ Memorial? Why?ABCDWhy do you think the architect chose to make the Pennsylvania Veterans’ Memorial depict a“war-torn building?”VETERANS LEGACY PROGRAMNational Cemetery Administration American Battle Monuments Commission National History Day Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media5
Analyzing the Pennsylvania Veterans’ Memorial 6What elements of the memorial represent: the Air Force? the Navy / Marines / Coast Guard? the Army? What do you think the fountain pools represent? Why? Who does the Eternal Flame Honor? What do the eight flags surrounding the memorial represent?Questions for Discussion: What element of the memorial had the biggest impact on you? Why? How does the Pennsylvania Veterans’ Memorial guide visitors to reflect on sacrifice, service, andbattle?VETERANS LEGACY PROGRAMNational Cemetery Administration American Battle Monuments Commission National History Day Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media
Using the Pennsylvania Veterans' Memorial as a primary source, students will explore symbolism and memorial design. Students will make connections to soldiers and service through the Memorial. Also, students will be asked to identify and analyze . Browning teaches at J.P. McCaskey High School Campus in Lancaster, Pennsylvania.
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