Chapter 8 Answers - Poudre School District

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Chapter 8 Answers 15. Practice 8-1 1. growth 2. decay 3. growth 4. decay 5. ;y 0 y 6 4 16. y 2 y 4 4 2 2 O 2 x 2 O 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 O 6. 6 2 17. 2 O 4 2 2 4 All rights reserved. y x ; y 0 y 18. y 2 4 2 2 O x 2 O 7. 6 2 19. ; y 0 y 20. y y x 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 O O 2 4 x x 2 O 8. Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. 6 2 21. y 22. y ; y 0 y x 4 2 O 2 2 4 2 2 O 2 4 x x 2 O 2 9. y 18,000(0.75)x; 5695.31 10. y 29,000(0.88)x; 11,851.59 11. y 1573(1.02)x; 1917 bears 12. y 75,000(1.125)x; 2,568,247.87 13. y 200,000(0.9925)x; 94,207 birds 14. y 2(0.65)x 15. y 10(0.8)x 16. y 0.7(1.2)x 17. 1.45 18. 0.9 19. 0.6 20. 3 21. 25% decrease 22. 37.5% decrease 23. 73% increase 24. 300,000 1. 7.3891 2. 0.0821 3. 1.3956 4. 4.1133 5. 39,624.12 6. 21,557.68 7. y 5 12a 21 b 1 64.1 x ; about 5.5 mg 1 64.9 x ; about 2.7 mg 1 24. y 2 y 4 4 2 2 O 25. Practice 8-2 8. y 5 8a 12 b 23. 2 x 2 O 26. y O 4 2 2 4 x y x 2 2 2 x 4 2 O x 13.2 9. y 5 45a 12 b ; about 34.6 mg 10. decay 11. growth 12. decay 13a. 9948.90 13b. 19.68 14. 9.9 yr Algebra 2 Chapter 8 Answers 33

(continued) 68. Practice 8-3 0 5 1. 4 256 2. 7 1 3. 2 32 4. 10 10 1 -2 5. 5 5 6. 8 x 2 1 11. 2-10 1 9. 560 1 10. 12-2 144 1024 8 12. 3 6561 13. log981 2 14. log25625 2 O O 2 70. 18. log41024 5 19. log5625 4 1 -3 22. log 1 -2 20. log100.001 -3 21. log4 64 5 2 4 6x 2 2 15. log8512 3 16. log13169 2 17. log2512 9 y 2 2 1 7. 95 59,049 8. 172 289 64 23. log8 18 -1 24. log111 0 25. log66 1 69. y 1 y 2 25 x O 2 4 6 2 1 -3 27. log 1 0 28. log 17 1 26. log6 216 17 17 All rights reserved. 4 29. 5 h 30. 4 31. 3 32. 2 33. 1 34. 0 35. -1 36. -2 37. -3 38. 1 39. 3 40. 2 41. -1 42. 0 43. 0 44. 3 45. 1 46. 1 47. 5 48. -2 49. -3 50. -2 51. 52 52. -2 53. 12 54. 6.3 3 10-8 55. 5.0 3 10-8 -9 -7 56. 6.3 3 10 57. 6.3 3 10 -5 -7 59. 2.5 3 10 62. 3 2 1 1 1 2 3 64. 3 2 1 1 1 2 3 66. 60. 1.0 3 10 O 1 2 3 4 y x O 1 2 3 4 5 y x O 1 1 2 67. 1 2 3 4 5 y O x 2 4 2 4 2 Answers 1 3 1 1 x 2y 3 y 30. log t24 31. log5 4 8 2 z r t 3 y 32. log x log y log z 33. log2x - log2y - log2z 34. log 6 3 log x log y 35. log 7 2 log (3x - 2) 36. 12 log 2 12 log r 12 log s 21 log t - 21 log 5 - 12 log w 37. log 5 log x - log 4 - log y 38. log55 - 5 log5x, or 1 - 5 log5x 39. log 2 2 log x log y - log 3 - 3 log k 40. 2 log43 2 log4x 2 log4y 2 log4z 41. Quotient Prop. 42. Power Prop. 43. Product Prop. 44. Power Prop. 45. Power Prop. 46. Power and Quotient Prop. 28. log2 x 1 29. log Practice 8-5 x 2 34 4 3 2 x O 1 2 3 4 5 t4 19. log3100xy2 20. log 8 21. log 3x 22. log 64 23. log 83 24. log x11 25. log6 21 26. log 8 27. log3 2x5 7 y 61. 1.3 3 10 65. y 1 1 y -3 1 1 2 3 x y O 58. 2.5 3 10 3 2 1 1. about 377.7 decibels 2. about 2.6 decibels 3. 1.0792 4.1.2042 5. -0.2219 6. -0.0969 7. 1.8751 8. 0.5052 9. 0 10. 1.7782 11. log512 12. log65 13. log21 0 2 2 3 14. log7x3 15. log415x 16. log 14 17. log x 3 18. log r s1 -6 63. y Practice 8-4 2 4 1. 3.58 2. 3.36 3. 1.5 4. 0.68 5. 0 6. 1.43 7. 3 8. 1.63 9. 0.5 10. 0.53 11. 7.92 12. 1.28 13. 0.93 14. -0.47 15. 2.79 16. 0.39 17. 2.52 18. 2.04 19. 33.33 20. 10 21. 334 22. 0.22 23. 40 24. 4 25. 100 26. 100 27. 25 28. 125 29. 10 30. 16.67 31. 2.26 32. 1.19 33. 0.48 34. -0.32 35. 1.48 36. 1.19 37. 3.85 38. 1.72 39. about 19 mo 40. about 27 yr 41. 3.16 42. 0.4 43. 0.04 44. 4000 45. 20 46. 497.5 47. 47.5 48. 0.03 49. 5.48 50. 0.48 51. 0.23 52. 3.30 53. 0.86 54. 0.75 55. -2.54 Algebra 2 Chapter 8 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. Chapter 8 Answers

Chapter 8 Answers (continued) Practice 8-6 9. 1. 40.2 days 2. 35.7 days 3. 31.8 days 4. 6.36 km/s; no 5. 22.65 6. 25.79 7. 2.71 8. 0.92 9. 1.91 10. 0.41 11. 4.69 12. -1.15 13. 0 14. 17.33 15. 2.60 16. -2.28 17. -0.02 18. 6.44 19. 1.61 20. 4 21. 21 22. no solution 23. 0.61 24. 12.37 25. 1.58 26. 29,937.07 27. -0.11 28. 633.14 29. 2.12 30. 1.85 31. 1.84 32. 3 33. 2 34. 12 35. 1.83 36. 7.36 37. -0.93 38. 48.14 39. 151.48 a z 40. 4.19 41. ln 2 42. ln 243 43. ln 4b 44. ln 3 45. ln 9x x 4 3 46. ln x y Reteaching 8-3 All rights reserved. Reteaching 8-1 1. y 3(1.08)x; 8.81 ft 2. y 126,000(1.02)x; 153,593.30 3. y 9000(0.94)x; 6605.14 1. 6 2. 3 3. 4 4. 1 5. -1 6. 0 7. 13 8. 1 9. 21 5 10. 3x 8 11. 52 25 12. 10-1 0.1 13. 100.845 7 14. 103 1000 15. 10-2 0.01 1 2 16. 34 81 17. 492 5 7 18. 823 5 1 19. 27 128 4 20. 5-4 1 Reteaching 8-2 1. 5 4 3 3. 625 2. y Reteaching 8-4 1O x 4 3 2 1 1 2 1 x 1 2 3 y 4. 4 3 2 1O x 4 3 2 1 1 2 1 21. 62 36 y 4 3 O 3 2 1 1 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. y 1O x 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 2 1 y 1O x 2 3 4 2 3 4 5 1. log 2 - log 3 2. log 6 log y 3. log 1 - log 5, or -log 5 4. 3 log3x 5. log36 log3x log3y 6. log636 2 log6x, or 2 2log6x 7. log5x log5y 8. log3x - log34 9. 4 log7x 10. 2 log3x log3y 11. 7 log8y 12. 4 log5x 3 log5y 13. log339 14. log 5x2 15. log4 13 16. log39, or 2 17. log58x 18. log 22 x 3 x 7 19. log2xy 20. log7 5 21. log x 22. log5 xy3 y 3 x 23. log2 y 24. log2 2, or 1 Reteaching 8-5 5. 4 y 6. 5 4 3 2 1O x 1 1 2 3 4 1 2 7. y 5 4 3 2 1O x 1 1 2 3 4 5 1 O 2 1 1 8. 1. 2.32 2. 0.45 3. 1 4. 0.17 5. 2.39 6. 1.50 7. -4 8. 0 9. 0.82 10. 1.30 11. -2.82 12. -6 y Reteaching 8-6 x 1 2 3 4 1. 0.693 2. 0.805 3. 4.277 4. 1.607 5. 0.532 6. 10.389 7. 27.299 8. 41.649 9. 12.543 10. 12,825.53 11. 37.2 yr Enrichment 8-1 y 4 3 2 1O x 4 3 2 1 1 2 1 1. 2M Cmr(2v)s 2. s 1 3. M Cmv 4. P CW3B2 5. P Cwh Enrichment 8-2 1b 1. 2219.91 2. A 5 1a1 1 n n 3. 2.00000000; 2.59374246; 2.70481383; 2.71692393; 2.71814593; 2.71826824; 2.71828047; 2.71828169; 2.71828182; 2.71828183 4. 2.71828183 5. 2253.12 Algebra 2 Chapter 8 Answers 35

(continued) 1. 3 2. "2 3. log23 is larger. 4. 31 , 3 5. 31 log42 is larger. 6. 16 7. log3(log28.5) is larger. 8. log 12 and log 1 - log 2 are equal. 9. 0 10. -2, 2 11. 7 12. 41 13. 0 14. 1 15. 81 16. 1 17. 2 18. 0 19. 2 20. 1 Enrichment 8-4 1. ax u; ay v 2. uv axay ax y 3. logauv x y 4. logauv logau logav; Product Property of Logarithms x 5a. uv 5 a y 5 a x 2 y 5b. loga uv x - y a 5c. loga uv logau - logav 6. ax u 7. (ax)n un 8. logaun xn 9. logaun n logau; Power Property of Logarithms Enrichment 8-5 1. 6, J 2. -5, O 3. 1, H 4. 3, N 5. 0, Blank 6. 2 23 , B 7. 12 , A 8. 10, R 9. 7, D 10. 2, E 11. 2, E 12. 3, N A b A A b A T(t) Tn Tn - A Tn 2 A T0 2 A Tn 2 A b ln a T0 2 A T 2A 2 1 ln a n b T0 2 A k T ln a 1 T0 T 2 t1 ln a 1 T0 1 2 2 2 2 -kt1 k; A (T0 - A)e-kt A (T0 - A)e-ktn (T0 - A)e-ktn e-ktn -ktn tn Activity 4: Calculating k 0.029; tn -17.0 min; The engine was running at its normal operating temperature about 17 min before 11:00 P.M., or at about 10:43 P.M. The suspect could have been in the area around the time the crime occurred; about 93 F Checkpoint Quiz 1 1. decay; 50% decrease 2. growth; 34% increase 3. decay; 55% decrease 4. growth; 1.9% increase 5. 6. y y 2 John Bardeen 6 x Enrichment 8-6 2 1. The signs alternate as the terms progress. 2. The exponents increase by 1 as the terms progress. 3. The denominators increase by 1 as the terms progress. 4. 0 5. 0.1000 0.5000 -0.0050 -0.1250 0.0950 0.0003 0.0953 0.0000 0.0953 0.0000 0.0953 0.0953 0.3750 0.0417 0.4167 -0.0156 0.4011 0.0063 0.4074 0.4055 O 4 2 2 2 x 4 7. 2 O 8. y 2 2 y 4 x 2 2 O 2 2 2 O 2 x 4 Chapter Project 9. 8.7%; 344,791.10 10. Answers may vary. Sample answer: growth of bacteria in a lab; y 500(1.0701)x Activity 1: Investigating Check students’ work. Checkpoint Quiz 2 1. Activity 2: Writing T9 -k(T - A) Activity 3: Solving T(t) T1 T1 - A T1 2 A T0 2 A 36 2. y y 2 A (T0 - A)e-kt A (T0 - A)e-kt1 (T0 - A)e-kt1 e-kt1 Answers All rights reserved. Enrichment 8-3 2 x 2 O 2 x 2 O 2 2 3. 2 log3x 3 log3y 4. 31 log 2 13 log x 5. 2 log4a - 3 log4b 6. 2 7. 4 8. 300 9a. 25 9b. 0.43 Algebra 2 Chapter 8 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. Chapter 8 Answers

Chapter 8 Answers (continued) 9c. 32 9d. 2.32 9e. 0.70; order: b, e, d, a, c 10. Check students’ work. 18. Chapter Test, Form A 1. x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 y 0.38 0.75 1.5 3 6 12 24 20. y 3 2 All rights reserved. 4 3 O 1 1 2 3 1O x 5 4 3 2 1 1 1 2. x -3 -2 -1 0 1 y 0.00 0.01 0.07 0.5 3.5 2 3 24.5 171.5 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. y 5 4 3 2 1O x 4 3 2 1 1 2 1 3. x O 1 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 y x 1 2 3 4 5 5 23 23. log 0.0625 -4 21. log7 343 3 22. log 2 27 2 8 3 3 " xz 27. log5 6 log5 x y2 28. 2 log y - log z 29. 2 log5x log5y - 4 log5z 24. log 2 25. log b1 26. log4 39. Answers may vary. Sample answer: 8x 12 , x 213 40. 200 41. 1.26 42. 0.80 43. 13.86 44. 223.61 45. 530 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 y 160 80 40 20 10 5 2.5 y 120 log 12 log 14 log 5 46. log 4 47. log 2 48. log 8 49. 5.72 50. 4.71 51. 2.24 52. 18 amp 53. about 20.2 db 54. about 11.5 yr 55. about 0.95 hr 56. Check students’ work. Chapter Test, Form B 1. 60 O y z2 33. 1 "xy3 34. 2 35. 2 36. 2 37. 2 38. 3 -3 2 3 2 30. ln 20 31. ln a5b3 32. ln x 180 19. y 5 4 3 2 1O x 1 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 y 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.25 2.5 25 250 x 4. Check students’ work. 5. y 5 21 (4) x 6. y 5 7. y 5 34 (2) x 8. 2754.26 9. The graph of y 2 (3) x 3 -2x 1 is x the graph of y 2 reflected across the x-axis and shifted up 1 unit. 10. The graph of y 3x-4 is the graph of y 3x shifted right 4 units. 11. The graph of y 5x 1 - 2 is the graph of y 5x shifted left 1 unit and down 2 units. 12. 3 13. 2 14. 6 15. 2 12 16. -2 17. 2 83 Algebra 2 Chapter 8 x 5 4 3 2 1 y 3 2 1 O 1 x 2 3 Answers 37

Chapter 8 Answers x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 y 189 63 21 7 2.33 0.78 0.26 models the information in the graph. Student writes a detailed explanation of what the graph might represent. Student includes significant information regarding how the exponential curve relates to the situation. Student includes examples of an exponential function that models growth and one that models decay. models the graph. Student describes a situation with minimal detail. There are minor errors in logic. Student includes concepts of exponential growth but does not relate the concepts to the situation. y 1 Student writes an exponential function that is only partially correct. Student creates a situation but does not include any detail or makes significant errors in logic. x 0 Student makes no attempt, or no response is given. TASK 2 Scoring Guide: 4. y 2x 5. y 5 41 (2) x 6. about 5% 7. The graph of y 4x 1 is the graph of y 4x shifted left 1 unit. 8. The graph of y -3x 2 is the graph of y 3x reflected across the x-axis and shifted up 2 units. 9. 4 10. 0 11. -2 y 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 O x 1 1 2 3 4 5 1 13. y 3 2 1 O 1 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 x 2 Student writes a sufficient description of how exponents and logarithms can be used to solve equations containing the other. There are only minor errors in the examples and solutions that are provided. 0 Student makes no attempt, or no response is given. TASK 3 Scoring Guide: a. logbMN logbM logbN; logb M logbM - logbN; logbMx x logbM N b. Check students’ work. 20. ln 9 21. ln u4v7 22. 21 23. 2 24. 2 25. 25 26. 1.02 log 12 27. 0.58 28. 1999.2 29. log 6 30. log 8 31. 1 32. 12 33. 14 amp 34. about 14.5 yr 35. about 2.86 hr Answers exponents and logarithms can be used to solve equations containing the other. Student gives appropriate and accurate examples and solves them correctly. about exponents and logarithms. There are major errors in logic. The examples lack sufficient detail. 17. log ab2 18. log2a log2b 19. 3 log x - log 5 log 5 3 Student writes a detailed explanation of how 1 Student writes a minimal amount of information 14. log6 1296 4 15. log5 0.0016 -4 16. log 5 38 All rights reserved. 2 Student writes an exponential function that 3. Answers may vary. Sample: 12. TASK 1 Scoring Guide: 3 Student writes an exponential function that y 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 O x 1 1 2 3 4 5 1 3 2 1 O 2 1 1 2 3 1 2 Alternative Assessment, Form C c. Check students’ work. 3 Student states all of the properties correctly and provides an accurate example of using each. Student clearly describes an appropriate real-life situation. 2 Student states all of the properties correctly but makes minor errors in the examples. Description of real-life situation is slightly unclear. Algebra 2 Chapter 8 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. 2. (continued)

Chapter 8 Answers (continued) 1 Student states the properties but makes errors in the statement or the examples. Student neglects to describe a real-life situation. 0 Student makes no attempt, or no response is given. TASK 4 Scoring Guide: a. y ln x All rights reserved. b. ƒ(x) 3 2 1 O x 1 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 function contains minor errors. There are minor errors in calculations. 1 Student does not find the inverse correctly. Graph contains major errors. There are major errors in calculations. 0 Student makes no attempt, or no response is given. Chapters 1–8 Cumulative Review 1. A 2. G 3. D 4. H 5. B 6. H 7. A 8. G 9. D 3 18 14a. 8 14b. 8 10. H 11. D 12. J 13a. 12 13b. 2" 15. y 5 4 3 2 c. ey x d. 0; 1 3 Student finds the inverse correctly. The graph is accurate. The inverse function is written in exponential form with no errors. There are no errors in calculations of values. 2 Student finds the inverse correctly. Graph could be 3 2 1 1 x O 1 2 3 16. Answers may vary. Sample: x3 2x 17. Check students’ work. 18. 7.00; 19,470 19. 2730 arrangements 20. about 156.8 in.2 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. more accurate. Exponential form of the inverse Algebra 2 Chapter 8 Answers 39

Chapter 8 Answers (continued) 34 Answers Algebra 2Chapter 8 Practice 8-3 1. 44 256 2. 70 1 3. 25 32 4. 101 10 5. 51 5 6. 8-2 7. 95 59,049 8. 172 289 9. 560 1 10. 12-2 11. 2-10 12. 38 6561 13. log 9 81 2 14. log 25 625 2 15. log 8 512 3 16. 13 169 2 17. log 2 512 9 18. log 4 1024 5 19. log 5 625 4 20. log 10 0.001 -3 21. log 4 -22.5 -223. log 8 -1 24. log

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