Black-capped Chronicle
Black-cappedChronicleIssue 5Newsletter of the Maine Bird AtlasWinter 2019Two Years Down, Three To Go.First off, we owe a HUGE THANKS to the over 1,200 volunteers who contributed close to 30,000 checklists, totaling1.2 million individual records, for the breeding componentof this project. In the first two years, volunteers spent nearly27,500 hours atlasing, and over 50% of atlas blocks nowhave some data. Atlas staff will be working hard on qualitycontrol, so our numbers are subject to change, but as ofnow, we have collected breeding information for 224 speciesof birds in the state! Maine’s first breeding bird atlas (19781983) documented just 201 species, so things have certainlychanged.Clay-colored Sparrow was the only new species confirmedbreeding in Maine this year that had not been confirmed inthe first atlas or during last year. We also continue to see anexpansion of species whose historical breeding range wassouth of Maine, like Fish Crow, Red-bellied Woodpecker,and Carolina Wren. A singing Chuck-will’s-widow was present for the second year in a row near Great Pond Mountainnear Orland, making us excitedly suspicious about thepotential of confirming that as a new species for Maine.In addition to the volunteer efforts, we have had a teamof highly skilled individuals deployed around the state thelast two years working on abundance sampling and specialspecies surveys for the project. At the end of just two years,these individuals have collectively completed half of theInside this IssueTwo Years Down, Three To GoLaunching the Maine Winter Bird AtlasCounting BirdsWhere to Submit Winter ObservationsAtlasing Your Christmas Bird CountHoliday Shopping to Help Maine BirdsGetting Owls on the MapWhat’s next12345678Red-bellied Woodpeckers, like this male bringing food to anesting cavity in Falmouth, have been expanding their rangenorthward. They now have confirmed breeding records reachingsouthern Oxford County, north through Kennebec County, andeast into Hancock County.statewide point count surveys and over 40% of the alpinespecific sampling routes. We also launched marshbird surveys this year and the combined efforts of two techniciansand volunteers completed 14% of our 200 sample marshes.Interested in adopting a marsh to survey next year? Visitthe atlas project website, click on ‘Resources and Materials’,and follow the link to the ‘Special Species Survey’ page tolearn more.Despite these staggering numbers and accomplishments,we still have a long way to go. In fact, of the 224 species ofMaine birds with breeding information, there remains a listof rare breeders previously reported in Maine that we haveyet to confirm as part of the contemporary atlas effort: MuteSwan, Northern Pintail, Redhead, Lesser Scaup, RuddyDuck, Yellow-billed Cuckoo, Common Gallinule, AmericanCoot, Wilson’s Phalarope, Lesser Black-backed Gull, LeastBittern, Tricolored Heron, Cattle Egret, , Eastern ScreechOwl, White-eyed Vireo, Philadelphia Vireo, Horned Lark,Sedge Wren, and Golden-winged Warbler.Continued on next page.
Page 2Newsletter of the Maine Bird AtlasWinter 2019Further, only 11% of our priority blocks are complete.Remember, our priority blocks are the minimum numberof blocks we need to complete by the end of the five-yearproject period.If you’re stuck thinking you need to be an expert birder tohelp with this project, just take a look at our Black-cappedChickadee map (right). It seems to be more of a map ofwhere people are in the state, not where the birds are. So,even by helping us fill in the gaps for this one species, you’remaking an important contribution.So, stay tuned for further updates. As Year 3 draws nearer, we’ll be shifting our focus more to priority blocks inthe state to avoid risking large data gaps at the end of theproject. In the meantime, Winter is Coming .to the MaineBird Atlas. Don’t put those binoculars down yet, as explained in the next article by atlas coordinator, Glen Mittelhauser, we are happy to announce the launch of the MaineWinter Bird Atlas!By Adrienne J. Leppold, Ph.D., Project DirectorBlack-capped Chickadee is a common breeding species statewide. Maps like this illustrate our need for people to ventureafield, especially visiting priority blocks, to give a better representation of where these birds are breeding.Launching the Maine Winter Bird AtlasWinter is a critical time of year for bird populations becauseit is the time when food and cover can be most limiting.High mortality rates, often associated with severe winterweather events, can also dramatically reduce populations,and the stress of the winter season can affect their breedingperformance many months later. Beyond this, our knowledge of wintering birds in Maine is patchy at best. Mainehas decided to attempt to fill in this gap in knowledge aboutwinter bird populations by expending the breeding birdatlas to include wintering birds.The Volunteer Handbook for the Maine Winter Atlas is nowposted online and goes into more detail about winter atlasing. The following is a quick summary to get you started.Definition of winter period:Any bird observations between 14 December and 15 March,2018-2022, will help populate the winter bird atlas and contribute to documenting the distribution and relative abundance of winter birds in Maine. During this winter period, amajority of birds present in Maine are strictly wintering. Afew species with early spring or late fall migration or earlybreeding periods may overlap with our winter study period.These will be dealt with on a case by case basis at the completion of the Atlas project.How to bird in winter:Atlasing during winter is fairly straightforward. We are notidentifying priority goals, however, as slight mishaps orill preparation afield in the winter can quickly become lifethreatening. As such, the goal is to survey as many blocks ascan be safely accessed.There is no need to try and visit all areas of a Block. Youshould attempt to visit a representative of each habitat typein a given block and document as many birds as possiblewithin the winter survey window. Keep in mind, areaswith bird feeders can be important sites to check. Surveysshould, when possible, be conducted in good weather andnot on days with strong winds, heavy snow/rain, very poorvisibility, or extremely cold temperatures that may makebirds inactive.Cedar Waxwings are fairly common breeding birds in Maine, buttheir large cousins, the Bohemian Waxing (pictured above) is anirruptive winter visitor. These two will often form large flocks inthe winter around abundant food sources (while it lasts).Important details to record:Counting or estimating the number of individuals observedfor each species can be challenging but is a very importantContinued on next page.
Page 3Newsletter of the Maine Bird Atlaspart of the winter atlas effort. Estimate the number if it isnot possible to get an actual count, provided it is reasonablyaccurate. An educated guess is preferable to no count at all.In addition, because we know so little about the winter ecology for most birds Maine, including general behavioral patterns and foraging activity, we encourage volunteers to provide any additional information of interest in the commentssection for each species observation. For example, whatspecies or type of plant was it observed on (e.g., evergreenvs. deciduous tree)? Was it foraging? Was it interacting withothers of its own kind or with a different species?How to Know When your Atlas Block is Complete:Deciding when an Atlas Block is complete during winter isfairly straightforward. There should be a a minimum of 6hours of active surveying, with at least 3 of those hours during early winter (14 December to 31 January) and at least3 of those hours from late winter (1 February to 15 March).Winter 2019In addition, each habitat type in a block that can be safelyaccessed should be surveyed.Which blocks have already been completed?:The winter atlas map that shows which atlas blocks havebeen completed is posted on the Maine Wintering Bird AtlasDashboard. It is helpful to regularly peruse this map and seewhich Blocks in your region have not yet been completedfor winter surveys. Find the dashboard on the atlas projectwebsite and clicking on ‘Winter Atlas Results.’Where to Submit your data:Any checklist of birds during migration and winter that donot contain any breeding codes should get entered into theMaine eBird portal. Check out the other article, “Where tosubmit your winter bird observations” in this newsletter formore information.By Glen Mittelhauser, Project CoordinatorCounting BirdsThe breeding portion of the atlas focuses primarily on behvioral observations of birds to determine breeding status,however, in the winter atlas, birds only need be present.Presence/absence data is important, but our goal is to alsocome up with abundance estimates of our feathered winterfriends. To do that, we need to count them.The folks at eBird have put together some very helpful articles with tips on how to count birds:Counting sounds pretty easy - most toddlers will knowcounting rules by the age of 18 month, however, countingbirds, which can be constantly moving or extremely abundant, can be hard to keep track of. An important thing tokeep in mind is that estimates are always better than nothing and to use simple counting techniques (see links on thenext column) when approximating counts.Bird Counting 102 - https://ebird.org/news/counting-102/(Counting Birds at feeders)Bird Counting 101 - https://ebird.org/news/counting-101/(Why estimating numbers is important, techniques forcounting single species flocks)Bird Counting 201 - https://ebird.org/news/counting-201/(Counting large numbers, moving flocks, and mixed speciesflocks)By Doug Hitchcox, Outreach CoordinatorBirding in Maine in the winter can provide opportunities to see birds in very large numbers. Try challenging yourself to estimatelarge rafts of seaducks along the coast, or visit a crow roost some evening, like this one in Lewiston with approx 12,000 crows.
Page 4Newsletter of the Maine Bird AtlasWinter 2019Where to Submit Your Winter Bird ObservationsNow that the Maine Bird Atlas is up and running for bothbreeding and wintering birds, the process of smoothing outany wrinkles and clarifying confusions can begin. After agreat field season I am now spending many happy hours inmy office with a cup of coffee as I enter Atlas data from thesummer, occasionally looking out the window at the last ofthe fall leaves, and contemplating the perennial question– What is the best way to explain how to enter bird observations into eBird?Let’s start from the beginning. eBird is an internationalplatform used for collecting and storing bird observationsfrom all over the world. Birders enter their records onlineusing either a computer or a smartphone. The Maine BirdAtlas is using eBird to manage all of its bird observations.eBird has different pages for entering bird observationsfrom different regions of the world. There is one for England, one for Colorado, Columbia, Virginia you get theidea. eBird calls these dedicated pages portals. There is aneBird portal for Maine, but there is also – and this is whereit can be confusing – one for the Maine Bird Atlas.I find it easiest to think of eBird as one big file cabinet thatstores bird observations from all over the world. The individual portals funnel observations into the correct “folder”within the file cabinet. For the Maine Bird Atlas, we areusing two different portals that each send the data towhere it needs to go: the Maine Bird Atlas portal and theMaine eBird portal.So, what’s the difference? And which observations shouldyou enter in which portal? It all comes down to breedingcodes. If you put any breeding codes on your checklist, thatentire checklist should be entered in the Maine Bird Atlasportal. If you don’t have breeding codes on your checklist, itshould be entered in the Maine portal.Wait, what? To clarify, you will create a list of birds youobserve and then submit them to eBird as a “checklist”. Achecklist also includes the date, time, and location of thesightings. If you observe any breeding activity, as definedin the Maine Breeding Bird Atlas Volunteer Handbook, theassociated “breeding code” should be added to the checklist.Use the graphic to the right to help decide which portal tosubmit your checklists to.As you may have noticed, this means that nearly all winter checklists and checklists during the migration seasonshould be entered into the Maine eBird portal unless youfind an early nesting species such as owls or pigeons. Checklists entered in the wrong portal will not be properly integrated into atlas results and outputs. However, there is aquick and easy way to move your bird observations into thecorrect portal even long after they were first entered.As we move toward winter, you will want to get used toentering all your checklists (with few exceptions) into theMaine portal. Getting to the correct eBird portal for winteratlas records is quite simple. If you are using a computer,go to ebird.org/me. If you are using the eBird app on yourmobile phone, you can set the app to automatically open theportal you use most often. Open the eBird app and find thesettings option (this may be a gear icon in the lower righthand corner of the screen or a drop down list in the upperleft hand corner of the screen depending on what kind ofphone you have). Once in settings, select the correct portalfrom the list and you are ready to go.As complex or simple as entering your data into eBird maybe, there are many who still prefer the comfort and simplicity of working on good old paper. If you prefer not to useeBird for whatever reason, you may mail your paper formsdirectly to Maine Bird Atlas, Maine Natural History Observatory, 317 Guzzle Road, Gouldsboro, ME 04607. You canalso scan your completed forms and maps and email themto mainebirdatlas@gmail.com. If you are mailing or emailing in observations, it is extremely important to includelatitude/longitude or a detailed description of the exactlocation within the Block where the birds were documented.This will ensure we can enter the data correctly. Althoughnot required, including a map of your Block with handwritten notes showing your locations is also very helpful. Pleasemake copies or take photos of your Field Forms before mailing them (in case they get lost in the mail) and ONLY sendus forms you have not already entered into eBird.Visit our project website and click ‘Get Involved’ to learnmore about breeding codes and the breeding bird component to this project.By Glen Mittelhauser, Project Coordinator
Page 5Newsletter of the Maine Bird AtlasWinter 2019Atlasting Your Christmas Bird CountDecember 14th marks the beginning of the Christmas BirdCount (CBC) season, but it’s also the first official count period for the winter portion of the Maine Bird Atlas. Each yearhundreds of people participate in the Maine CBCs and thedata collected for that, the longest running citizen scienceproject, is also beneficial for the Maine Bird Atlas. Thesetwo projects have the same aim, to count birds, but followslightly different protocols. In this article, we’ll discuss sometips for atlasing your CBC effort.What is the difference?While the goal of both the Christmas Bird Count and theMaine Bird Atlas is to count the number of species and individuals of birds, the size of the survey area is very different.As with the breeding portion of the Maine Bird Atlas, winteratlas reports are confined to the block where the birds areobserved, a roughly 3 x 3 mile square. In comparison, eachCBC looks to census birds within a 15 mile diameter circle –much larger than the atlas as nearly 20 blocks will fit withina circle. While the long term surveying of birds within thesecircles is a good measure of the changes in populations,the scale is too large for the atlas and doesn’t show birds inrepresentative locals or habitats.Best Practices:In general, checklists that are shorter and cover less distance provide better data. We strongly encourage everyoneto try making lots of short lists throughout a CBC day. Onelong list for the day would cover multiple blocks and beuseless for the atlas. Most CBC efforts require lots of shortdrives between birding spots, each of which could be entered as its own list. The new eBird Mobile 2.0 makes quickdata entry much easier though iOS users might have to waitfor this update. Try entering as many lists via the phoneapp, or on recording sheets, as you can for these short distance surveys.Prepare:Most people who participate in CBCs are well aware of theirsector boundaries (no birder would dare poach another sector!) While reviewing maps of your CBC’s sector, also referto the atlas maps to see where block boundaries are. Youcan use the Interactive Block Map or download .kmz files ofblock boundaries to overlay on software like Google Earth,or a GPS device, by visiting the atlas project website andclicking on the ‘Resources and Materials’ page.By Doug Hitchcox, Outreach CoordinatorIn the map above, you can see how each Christmas Bird Count circle, outlined in green, encompasses nearly 20 Maine Bird Atlasblocks, 3 x 3 sqaures outlined in black. You can download this map overlay by visiting the Resourses and Materials page on the atlasproject website.
Page 6Newsletter of the Maine Bird AtlasWinter 2019Buy Holiday Gifts that SupportBirds and the Maine Bird AtlasNot only is it time for Christmas Bird Counts and the MaineWinter Bird Atlas, but the festive time of year with moreholiday celebrations than our wallets can handle! No matterhow you are celebrating this year, we recommend giving agift that will have a positive benefit for Maine’s birds!Profits from the sale of these items help expand the coverage and range of work that can be done for the atlas. Fundswill be used to create a small grant program to provide incentives to volunteers, assist volunteers with travel expenses to survey remote areas of the state, and support specialtysurveys of difficult to study species.You can purchase a variety of items, from shirts to bags, andWhatever your holiday shopping brings, try to keep birdsour best-selling coffee mug, all featuring the Maine Birdin mind. Beyond supporting the Maine Bird Atlas, otherAtlas logo, designed by Maine artist Jada Fitch.choices you make at the counter can have positive impactson birds. Have to shop for a coffee drinker? Try introducingAnother great gift this year would be sponsoring a speciesthem to a Smithsonian certified bird-friendly shade grownfor a friend or loved one (or to treat yourself!) Sponsoringcoffee. Know someone who complains about birds hittingcan also be done in memory or honor of a person or in thetheir windows? There are now several very effective windowname of an organization. In return for your contribution,which can range from 30 to 2000 depending on the spe- applications that make thoughtful gifts. (Visit the Americanbird Conservancy at abcbirds.org to learn more about thesecies, the name of the sponsor will be printed on the speciesproducts). Or need to buy someone a piece of “jewelry”?page of the final atlas. Wouldn’t you love to see Grandma’sname next to the Northern Cardinal, or Dad’s next to Com- Look no further than the Maine Birder Band available atthe Maine Department of Inland Fisheries & Wildlife onlinemon Loon?store.Shop our store and see what species are still available byvisiting visiting the atlas project website and clicking on the By Doug Hitchcox, Outreach Coordinator“Support the Project.”By buying shade-grown coffee, you can sip happily knowingprime winter habitat for North America’s neotropical migrantswas not destroyed in the production of those beans.
Page 7Newsletter of the Maine Bird AtlasWinter 2019Getting Owls on the MapFor the eager bird atlasser, early-nesting owl species provide the first opportunity of the year to document breedingfor the Maine Bird Atlas. Birders tr
Bird Atlas. Don’t put those binoculars down yet, as ex-plained in the next article by atlas coordinator, Glen Mittel-hauser, we are happy to announce the launch of the Maine Winter Bird Atlas! By Adrienne J. Leppold, Ph.D., Project Director Launching the Maine Winter Bird Atlas Black-
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