Accessories Stud Bolts For Diaphragm Seals

Accessories – Stud bolts for diaphragm sealsDescriptionStud bolts are used to assemble a flanged construction. Flangeddiaphragm seals types and some accessories such as flush andreducer flanges are to be mounted with stud bolts. Stud bolts are notpart of Badotherm standard scope of supply, but our productdimensions do have an impact on the length and dimension of thestud bolts to be used. On request, with clear specifications provided,Badotherm can include stud bolts in their scope of supply.Stud bolts selection needs to be done carefully, as there can ure,Markingtemperature and process conditions. Many end users also have ownAll stud bolts and nuts are marked as required by the ASTMguidelines to be used. Next to stud bolt selection, also applying theA193/A194. This means the grade symbol is clearly visible on theright torque, the right paste and related mounting method arebolt and the nut.important.Material of constructionGrades of stud boltsMounting flanges in instrumentation are mostly done with B7, B8Stud bolts are available in several materials. And the material qualityclass 2 or B8M class 2 stud bolts in combination with grade 2H,is defined by different ASTM standards and are indicated by grades.Grade 8 or Grade 8M nuts. For Applications in NACE ISO 17945The frequently used grades are covered in the ASTM A193 for thread(former NACE MR 0175) the materials B7M, L7M and B8MA cl. 1rods and the ASTM A194 for the nuts.are compliant due to the reduced hardness.The ASTM A193 covers the alloy and stainless-steel bolting materialStud BoltsCompatible nutsfor pressure vessels, valves, flanges and fittings for high temperatureASTM materialASTM materialor high-pressure service. The ASTM A194 covers the variety ofA193 Grade B7A194 Grade 2Hcarbon, alloy and martensitic and austenitic stainless-steel nuts.A193 Grade B7MA194 Grade 2HMA193 Grade L7MA194 Grade 2HThread typeA193 Grade B8A194 Grade 8The thread of the stud bolt is up and including 1” are UNC. Over 1”A193 Grade B8MA Cl.1A194 Grade 8MAdiameter stud bolts are threaded 8UN. Both according to the ASMEA193 Grade B8M Cl.2A194 Grade 8MDiameter range3/8” – 1 ½” (M10 to M38)B1.1. The pitch for metric thread is ISO Coarse for all diameters.Special materials such as Alloy 400/500, Duplex or Super DuplexService temperatureranges, Titanium, Hastelloy and Inconel ranges are available asThe service temperature is depending on the grade of the material.well.The service temperature for the Grade B7, B8 and B8M arementioned in below table.GradeService temperatureA193 Grade B7-30 C to 400 CA193 Grade B8A193 Grade B8M Cl.2ACC 70078th of October 2020-150 C to 575 CPage 1 of 9

Stud bolt lengthDimensions for open hole flange construction.Stud bolt length is depending on the type of assembly it is used. figurations. Mounting with holes through the flanges (in case offlush flanged seals such as BF, BRF or BC) or with threaded blindholes in case of the US/USL type of seals.For the open hole length calculation, the knowledge of the flangethickness, tolerances, gasket thickness and the use of washers isneeded. The simplified basic formula following non mandatoryappendix C of the ASME B16.5 for calculating stud bolt length is:For open hole flange with 2 sides nuts:LCSB 2(b t N) G nFor one side tapped hole with one side open hole with 1 nut:LCSB T b t N G nDimensions for blind hole flange construction.Where:LCSB calculated stud bolt length (effective thread length,excluding end points)b minimum flange thickness (see applicabledimensional tables)t plus tolerance for flange thicknessN heavy nut thickness (See tables in this datasheet)G 3.0 mm (0.12 in.) gasket thickness for raised face, maleand female tongue-and-groove flanges; also, approximatedistance between ring joint flangesf facing height according to standards (E for RJF)n negative tolerance on bolt length (1.5mm)T thread depth of tapped holes (1.5xD)For reference the tables in this datasheet are based on the ASMEB16.5 and EN 1092-1 tables based on above calculations.Facing height tableBelow tables represent facing height of type RF and B1/B2 faceTolerance tableflanges and a separate table for RJF facing and other facings referTolerances of the flanges used to calculate the length sizes are:to the specific product datasheet.StandardSizeTolerance (t)ASME B16.5Flange size 18” 3.0/-0.0 mmStandardSize / class PNSize f 18mm thickness 1.0/-1.3mmASME B16.5All sizes / cl. 150 - cl. 3002 mm 18mm 50mm thickness /- 1.5mmAll sizes / cl. 600 - cl. 25007 mm 50mm thickness /- 2.0mmDN10-DN32 / all PN2 mmDN40-DN100 / all PN3 mmEN 1092-1EN 1092-1ACC 70078th of October 2020Page 2 of 9

Nut dimensionsSelection supportNuts for imperial stud bolts are Unified Heavy Hexagon series toAll flanged diaphragm seals are mounted with stud bolts to thedimensions in the following table. These conform to AS 2528 andprocess flange. The most common materials of the stud bolts areare equivalent to ANSI B18.2.2 for Heavy Hexagon Nuts. Metricmentioned in the ASTM A193 for bolts, and ASTM A194 for nuts. Allnuts in 2H material is manufactured to DIN 934 H D dimensions.materials can be supplied by Badotherm, however the materials B8MNominal dimensions are set out in the table below.cl2 and B7 are most common.Inch unitsThe length of the stud bolts can be calculated according to theSizePitchAccross flats (F)Accrosscorners (C)(inch)(TPI)MaxMinnominalMaxMincalculations and tables are based on standards and experience but3/8160.6880.6690.7790.3770.341must be considered a guidance for further engineering. The local1/2130.8750.8500.9890.5040.464regulations and factory standards must be followed at all 21.1430.7580.710There are two different variants on mounting, the threaded holes of7/891.431.3941.6250.8850.833the smaller sizes US/USL/USM, and the open holes of the flanged11.6251.5751.8361.0120.956items and the larger US/USM/USL types. In the two figures on the1 1/81.8121.7562.0471.1391.079right the two different mounting versions are represented. The letters2.001.9382.2591.2511.187refer to the tables in this datasheet and the formula’s on length. The1 3/82.1882.1192.4711.3781.310letter “s” represents a guidance of the free threads above the nut1 1/22.3752.3002.6821.5051.4331 1/48Nut Height (T)formula mentioned earlier or taken from the tables below. Allafter reaching the maximum torque. A rule of thumb is that s 1/3 ofthe bolt diameter. This extra length is already encountered in theMetric unitsstandard-length calculation formula.DiaPitchAccrossflats (F)Accrosscorners (C)Nut 6010.0Use of WashersM121.7519.021.9012.0The PCC-1 states that the use of washers is optional. However, it is22.025.4014.0generally recognized that the use of through-hardened steel washersM1624.027.7016.0will improve the translation of torque input into consistent bolt stretch.M1827.031.2018.0Washers protect the contact surface of the flange from damage30.034.6020.0caused by a turning nut. The use of through hardened washers isM2232.037.0022.0advised as the surface hardened will flow plastically causing cuppingM2436.041.6024.0and thinning with associated reduction in .03.504.00M39There are 4 types of washer materials. The table below represent the4 types of materials. The material application in combination with theASTM A194 Grades are with brackets behind the type.Service temperature limitsTypeMaterial Type washerService temperature single use (reuse)Type 1 (2H)Carbon steel425 C (205 C)Type 4 (2H)Low alloy steel540 C (400 C)Type 5 (8)Martensitic steel650 C (425 C)Type 6 (8)Precipitation hardening steel815 C (550 C)Washers should be marked with the type. During the assembly it isadvised to have the marking face towards the flange to avoid effectof the washer marking on the performance of the washer.ACC 70078th of October 2020Page 3 of 9

Tightening torquesDimensions of WashersTightening torques are the responsibility of the end user. TheDimensions imperial washersInsidediameterrepresented values are intended for initial guidance and should 823.80.9385.60.219150.01.96827.01.0631 1/854.82.15630.21.1881 1/460.32.37533.41.3131 3/865.92.59336.51 1/271.42.81239.7Thicknessconfirmed as a result of actual usage and experience. The theoreticalvalues are based on the Yield load of the material and a frictioncoefficient om 0.2. The values in the tables are calculated togenerate clamping loads of 30% and 60% of yield loads.Grade 4100148201Tolerances according PCC-1 – table M-63/435070132179263357Dimensions metric washers7/848510212287424575Nominal SizeODIDThickness (N)163630318431636862mmMmmmmm1 1/882950467633933126514281531 1/41050006568891313178016301741 3/812946586012071780241320372151 37397242Tolerances according PCC-1 – table M-560%Grade B8 and B8M class 2002717/8369601622203234381484802423284856581 1/8513502893925787841 1/46500040655081311021 3/86165042457584811501 1/2746005607591119151760%ACC 70078th of October 2020Page 4 of 9

Dimensions table: ASME B16.5 stud bolts for blind flange useFlange size0.5"0.75"1.0"1.25"1.5"2"3"4"ratingcl. 150cl. 300cl. 400-600cl. 900-1500cl. 2500cl. 150cl. 300cl. 400-600cl. 900-1500cl. 2500cl. 150cl. 300cl. 400-600cl. 900-1500cl. 2500cl. 150cl. 300cl. 400-600cl. 900-1500cl. 2500cl. 150cl. 300cl. 400-600cl. 900-1500cl. 2500cl. 150cl. 300cl. 400-600cl. 900-1500cl. 2500cl. 150cl. 300cl. 400-600cl. 900cl. 1500cl. 2500cl. 150cl. 300cl. 400cl. 600cl. 900cl. 1500cl. �5/8”7/8”1.0”1/2”5/8”3/4”1.0”1 8”1 1/8”1 1/4”5/8”3/4”7/8”1 1/8”1 1/4”1 1/2”LCSB (RF)(mm)55LCSB 3.5”4.5”5.5”5.75”6.75”7.75”10.0”LCSB (RJF) (mm)7575110120LCSB pcs/flange3.0”3.0”4.25”4.75”4848The length of the stud bolt does not include the height of the pointsStud bolt length are a suggestion and should be reviewed by the user at all times.mm length sizes are based on the metric section of the ASME B16.5Inch length sizes are based on the imperial section of the ASME B16.5ACC 70078th of October 2020Page 5 of 9

Dimensions table: ASME B16.5 stud bolts for tapped hole useFlange size0.5"0.75"1.0"1.25"1.5"2"3"4"ratingcl. 150cl. 300cl. 400-600cl. 900-1500cl. 2500cl. 150cl. 300cl. 400-600cl. 900-1500cl. 2500cl. 150cl. 300cl. 400-600cl. 900-1500cl. 2500cl. 150cl. 300cl. 400-600cl. 900-1500cl. 2500cl. 150cl. 300cl. 400-600cl. 900-1500cl. 2500cl. 150cl. 300cl. 400-600cl. 900-1500cl. 2500cl. 150cl. 300cl. 400-600cl. 900cl. 1500cl. 2500cl. 150cl. 300cl. 400cl. 600cl. 900cl. 1500cl. �5/8”7/8”1.0”1/2”5/8”3/4”1.0”1 8”1 1/8”1 1/4”5/8”3/4”7/8”1 1/8”1 1/4”1 1/2”LCSB 0115115140170195LCSB 3.5”4.5”4.5”5.5”6.75”7.75”LCSB (RJF) 5125135170195LCSB (RJF) 5”5.5”6.75”7.75”pcs/flange4848The length of the stud bolt does not include the height of the pointsStud bolt length are a suggestion and should be reviewed by the user at all times.mm length sizes are based on the metric section of the ASME B16.5Inch length sizes are based on the imperial section of the ASME B16.5ACC 70078th of October 2020Page 6 of 9

Dimensions table: EN 1092-1 stud bolts for blind flange usesizeDN20DN25DN32DN40DN50DN80DN100ratingDLCSB (B1) 45PN250M30180PN320M33205PN400M36240pcs/flange48The length of the stud bolt does not include the height of the pointsStud bolt length are a suggestion and should be reviewed by the user at all times.ACC 70078th of October 2020Page 7 of 9

Dimensions table: EN 1092-1stud bolts for tapped hole usesizeDN20DN25DN32DN40DN50DN80DN100ratingLCSB 0135PN320M33155PN400M36180pcs/flange48The length of the stud bolt does not include the height of the pointsStud bolt length are a suggestion and should be reviewed by the user at all times.ACC 70078th of October 2020Page 8 of 9