GE Oil & Gas CW4000 FVP 110
GE Oil & GasSpecification DataCW400007/2014FVP 110Masoneilan* Products FOUNDATIONTM FieldbusValve Positioner and Controller, Interoperable andIntegrated, Single & Double ActingGE Data Classification : Public
GE’s Masoneilan* FVP* positioner, certified and approved by Fieldbus Foundation , can be used in conjunction with all certified Foundation Fieldbus. Within the FOUNDATION Fieldbus host system, certified device descriptors (DD) enable seamless integration and interoperability of theMasoneilan FVP positioner. The Masoneilan FVP positioner has unequalled “on-board” data gathering capabilities, alarms, and diagnostics as wellas standard positioner functionality. The Masoneilan FVP positioner has advanced diagnostics integration and automated valve data analysisavailable with leading asset management software. Further enhanced capabilities of graphical data manipulation and valve signature acquisitionare accomplished with GE’s Masoneilan ValVue* FOUNDATION Fieldbus software program, which may be used either as a standalone program orintegrated with major FOUNDATION Fieldbus host systems.Table of ContentsPrecise Digital Positioning & Diagnostics 2Alarms.8GE’s Masoneilan FVP Valve Positioner Overview.3GE’s Masoneilan FVP Valve Positioner Diagnostics.9Physical and Operational Specifications.4Model Numbering System.6GE’s Masoneilan FVP Valve Positioner Integration with Host Systems.10Optional Specifications.6Diagnostics Summary. 11Dimensions.7Fieldbus Specification Data Summary. 13Weights.7Ease of Setup. 15Precise Digital Positioning & DiagnosticsGE’s Masoneilan FVP valve positioner is an intelligent digital valve positioner and PID process controller that communicates using theprotocol. GE’s Masoneilan FVP valve positioner offers advanced control technology for pneumatically actuated valves; provideshigher precision, greater flexibility and ease of use. The major advantages of GE’s Masoneilan FVP valve positioner are: High Performance: Can respond to Step Changes of (0.05%) Low Power Consumption: (16mA) – Ideal for Intrinsically Safeapplications Fast Commissioning: User friendly ValVue FF Set-up Wizard andMethods Low Life Cycle Cost: Low Air Consumption ( 10 scfh @ 20 psi) Self-initiated Valve Alarms Diagnostics and software integration possible with virtually allcontrol systems On Board Valve Signature & Diagnostics Storage: Easily retrieveddiagnostic information One Model Fits All: The same unit can be mounted on anymanufacturer’s rotary or linear actuator Manual Pneumatic Override Switch: Bypass electronics for valveinstallation, commissioning, and diagnosing Standard or Advanced Diagnostics: Scalable valve diagnostics tomatch process application Online Firmware Flash: Update Firmware without ProcessInterruption Built in Positioning Autotune: Patented for optimal responseregardlessof actuator size, can be launched from the control system oranyFF configurator Frictionless Position Sensor: High resolution and maintenancefree Modular Design: Makes for a compact and easily maintainedand installed positioner Single- and Double-Acting models available2 GE Oil & Gas
GE’s Masoneilan* FVP* Valve PositionerOverviewSingle-ActingAll Metal HousingDouble-ActingTwo 90 Degree OpposedAir Supply Connections(one not shown)Two 90 Degrees OpposedElectrical ConnectionsModularPneumatic RelayPneumaticOverrideNon-contact Position SensorReceiving CoilExcitation CoilOut 1Out 2Ferrite CoreCircuit BoardFigure 1: GE’s Masoneilan* FVP* Valve Positioner Components(Link ActiveScheduler Support)Figure 2: GE’s Masoneilan* FVP* Valve Positioner Functional OverviewMasoneilan* FVP* 110 Fieldbus Valve Positioner 3
Physical and Operational SpecificationsSpecificationItemCommunication ProtocolFOUNDATION FieldbusVoltage/Capacitance9 - 32 Vdc / 1.76 nFHousing MaterialsCase: Aluminum die-cast / Paint: Polyurethane resin-baked finishSingle-Acting 5.1 lbs (2.3 Kg)WeightDouble-Acting 6.2 lbs (2.8 Kg)Supply Current (Standard)17mA max (16mA standard)Supply Current (on-line download version)17mA (approximately 41mA when flashing firmware)ActionSingle-Acting / Double-ActingConnectionsPneumatic1/4 NPT FemaleElectrical1/2 NPT Female (other options available)Gauges1/8 NPTExternal Pneumatic Auto/Manual SwitchIncludedPosition Sensor SpanRotary Travel 20 - 90 Linear Travel 0.4 - 6 inches (10 - 152mm) (1)Operating Temperature LimitsSingle-Acting -40 F to 185 F (-40 C to 85 C)Double-Acting -40 F to 140 F (-40 C to 60 C) Option available for higher temperature.Enclosure RatingIP65, NEMA4XLinearity /-0.5%Hysteresis0.3%Dead Band0.1%Supply PressureSingle-Acting 20 - 100 PSI (1.4 - 6.9 bar)Double-Acting 30 - 105 PSI (2 - 7 bar)Air ConsumptionSingle-Acting 0.32 m3 / h at 20 PSI (1.4 bar)Double-Acting 0.508 SCFM (0.915 Nm3 / h)Air DeliverySingle-Acting 6.6 m3 / h at 20 PSI (1.4 bar)Double-Acting 11.7 SCFM (18.85 Nm3 / h)Temperature Effect /- 0.04% of F.S./ F ( /-0.08% of F.S./ C)Lightning Protection (Optional)Max current 6000 A (rise 1 micro second, fall 40 micro seconds)Repeating current 1000 A (rise 1 micro second, fall 40 micro seconds) 100 timesAmbient Humidity Limits5 to 95% RH at 104 F (40 C)Vibration Limit4 mm at 5 to 15 Hz / 2G at 15 to 2000 HzShock Limit10GFlow CharacterizationLinear, Equal Percentage (50:1 and 30:1), Quick Opening, Camflex Eq%User Defined, Tight Shut-off and Full OpenOn-line Firmware DownloadGE’s Masoneilan FVP positioner performs an automatic determination of the optimal valve position controlparameters (during setup).OptionalBackup Link Active SchedulerStandardValve Position Auto Tune1. Above 6 inches can be achieved with custom mounting. Consult factory for mounting details.Table 1: GE’s Masoneilan* FVP* Valve Positioner Specifications4 GE Oil & Gas
Physical and Operational SpecificationsSpecificationItemFunction Blocks IncludedPID, AO, DI X 2: and OS (splitter block)Positioner AlarmsBlock Alarm, Process Alarm, and Event UpdateEach alarm provides detailed informationFail Safe ActionInternal diagnostics and configurable deviation alarm can set output pressure to zeroDiagnosticsStandard or Advanced (see pages 8 & 9)ITK (consult www.fieldbus.org for latest updates)4.61Table 1: GE’s Masoneilan* FVP* Valve Positioner Specifications (continued)ATEXCodeSpecificationItemFlame ProofPer EN 50014 (1997) and EN 50018 (2000)Group: IICategory: 2GEEx d IIC T6, ambient Temp.: -40 to 167 F (-40 to 75 C)EEx d IIC T5, ambient Temp.: -40 to 176 F (-40 to 80 C)KF2Per EN 50014 (1997), EN 50020 (2002), EN 50284 (1999),EN60529 (1991), and EN50281-1-1 (1998)Intrinsically SafeATEXATEXMaximum Surface Temp for dust proof: 212 F (100 C)Ambient Temp for 1G: -40 to 140 F (-40 to 60 C)Ambient Temp for 1D: -40 to 176 F (-40 to 80 C)Ambient Temp for 1GD: -40 to 140 F (-40 to 60 C)JIS ApprovalsKS25Gas Proof/Dust ProofEEx ia IIC T4EEx ia IIB T4Type nGroup: II, Category: 3GExplosion ProofClass I, Division 1, Groups B, C and DFF1Intrinsically SafeClass I, II, III Division 1, Groups A, B, C D, E, F and GFSI5Non-incendiveClass 1, Division 2, Groups A, B, C and D Suitable for Class II, Division 2,Groups F and G and Class III with Non-incendive Field Wiring applicationsHazardous (Classified)FN15Explosion ProofClass I, Division 1, Groups B, C and DCF1Intrinsically SafeEx ia IIB/IIC T4; Tamb -58 - 140 F (-50 to 60 C);CSA Enel Type 4X; IP66CS15Explosion ProofClass I, Division 1, Groups B, C and DFactory MutualApprovalsCSA ApprovalsGroup: IICategory : 1GD, 1G or 1DIntrinsically SafeCE ConformityConsult FactoryJF3JS3Yes per EN61326Note: Intrinsically safe approvals per FISCO.Table 2: Agency ApprovalsMasoneilan* FVP* 110 Fieldbus Valve Positioner 5
Model Numbering SystemTable 3 (below) describes the Masoneilan FVP valve positioner model numbering system and features. For example, GE’s Masoneilan FVPvalve positioner model number FVP110-F1A1/LC1/BP/FF1 indicates: Foundation Fieldbus input signal, is intended for a Single-ActingActuator, has a PID Function Block, Pressure Sensor and Diagnostics and meets FM Explosion Proof Agency Certification.ModelSuffix CodesDescriptionFVP110Input Signal-FApplicable ActuatorFoundation Fieldbus1Single-Acting Actuator2Double-Acting Actuator. See price sheet for an example.-AConnectionAlways A3Electrical Connection: 1/2NPT, Pneumatic Connection: 1/4NPT6Electrical Connection: M20, Pneumatic Connection: Rc 1/4”NOption Codes/Optional Specifications (see table below for codes and descriptions)Note: 0-100 psi (0-7 bar) pressure gauges for OUTPUT and SUPPLY are provided as standard.Optional SpecificationsItemDescriptionCodeLightning protectionPower supply 10.5 to 32 V DC Allowable currentMax.6000A(1x40µS), repeating 1000A(1x40µS) 100 timesACoating ChangeEpoxy resin coatingX1PID Function Block, Link master functionProcess control function block with backup link master functionLC1Output pressure detecting function, Signature functionAdvanced DiagnosticsBPHigh Temperature (for Double-Acting Only) 14 F to 180 F (-10 C to 85 C) ambient temperatureHTFF Firmware Download Function(Not available for Intrinsic Safety)Online Firmware UpgradeEEFM Explosion proofSee Table 2FF1FM Intrinsic SafetySee Table 2FS15FM Non incendiveSee Table 2FN15CSA Explosion proofSee Table 2CF1CSA Intrinsic SafetySee Table 2CS15ATEX Type N Consult FactorySee Table 2KN25ATEX (KEMA) Flame Proof ApprovalSee Table 2KF2ATEX (KEMA) Intrinsic Safety ApprovalSee Table 2KS25Table 3: GE’s Masoneilan* FVP* Valve Positioner Model Nomenclature6 GE Oil & Gas
Dimensions and WeightsWeight: 5.1 lb (2.3 Kg)Figure 3: GE’s Masoneilan* FVP* Valve Positioner Dimensions (Single-Acting)Weight: 6.2 lb (2.8 Kg)Figure 3: GE’s Masoneilan* FVP* Valve Positioner Dimensions (Double-Acting)Masoneilan* FVP* 110 Fieldbus Valve Positioner 7
AlarmsControl Valve Related Runtime AlarmsTemperature Sensor FailureDiagnostics OptionStandardAdvanced / BPXXPressure Sensor FailureXPosition Sensor FailureXXA/D Converter Failure (Position Sensor)XXEEPROM FailureXXAmplifier FailureXXFailsafeXXTemperature Measurement Out of RangeXXPressure Measurement Out of RangeXPosition Sensor Out of RangeXXAdjustable Hi-Lo Servo Drift WarningXXCycle Count Limit ExceededXXTravel Limit ExceededXXTotal Time Open Limit ExceededXXTotal Time Closed Limit ExceededXXTotal Time Near Closed Limit ExceededXXDeviation WarningXXDeviation ErrorXXCalibration Related Feedback / AlarmsAuto Tune / Travel Calibration ErrorXXExhaust Air Press WarningXSmall Air Supply WarningXLarge Air Supply WarningXOffset Drift WarningXXLarge Response Speed WarningXXLarge Hysteresis WarningXXLarge Slip Width WarningXXSmall Angle Span WarningXXLarge Angle Span WarningXX50% Angle WarningXXSmall Angle Span ErrorXXLarge Angle Span ErrorXX50% Angle ErrorXXLinear Adjustment ErrorXXOffset Measurement FailedXXGain Measurement FailedXXResponse Speed Measurement FailedXXHysteresis Measurement FailedXX8 GE Oil & Gas
GE’s Masoneilan FVP* Valve PositionerDiagnosticsThe Masoneilan FVP valve positioner has two levels of diagnostics: Standard or Advanced. The standard diagnostics version providesFOUNDATION Fieldbus alarms (see page 8).The advanced diagnostics version provides more in depth calculations (friction, spring range, etc) using a built in pressuresensor (see examples below). This version also provides a means of measuring online friction as well as the dynamic performance of the valvewithout disturbing the process (consult GE for details).Positioner SignatureStandard Actuator Signature*(Stored on PC)(Stored in GE’s Masoneilan* FVP* Positioner or PC)Travel vs SetpointTravel vs Actuator PressurePositioner SignatureActuator Signature11010090908070Positioner (%)Positioner (%)70503060504030201010-10010203040506070809001007 8091011Input Signal (%)12131415Pressure (psi)AnalysisAnalysis Hysteresis Deadband Accuracy Linearity Overall “Picture” Friction Spring Range Stick-Slip Width Actuator PressureStep SignatureExtended Actuator Signature*Travel & Setpoint vs TimeTravel vs Actuator Pressure(Stored on PC)(Stored on PC)Step Response TestExtended/High Resolution3411030902670Positioner (%)Positioner (%)2218145030106102-2020406080100120140160100-1002 6Time (s)Analysis T86 Overshoot10141822263034Pressure (psi)Analysis Resolution Dead Time Friction Spring Range Stick-Slip Width Seating Analysis Actuator Pressure*Available with Single-Acting version only.Figure 4: GE’s Masoneilan* FVP* Valve Positioner Diagnostics & GraphsMasoneilan* FVP* 110 Fieldbus Valve Positioner 9
GE’s Masoneilan* FVP* Valve PositionerIntegration With Host SystemsTable 4 below provides a summary of the possible Masoneilan FVP valve positioner and Host System integration configurations.Certified & Approved FOUNDATION Fieldbus Host SystemWithAdvanced Diagnostics Integration (3)HoneywellExperion PKSEmersonEmersonYokogawaYokogawaCS 1000CS 3000Stardom DeltaV All Certified& ApprovedFoundationFieldbusHost SystemsConfiguration – Calibration – DiagnosticsDiagnostics IntegrationYes(1)Yes(2) AMS*Yes(4) PRMConsult GEConfiguration / Calibration UsingMenus, Methods & Setup WizardsYes(4)Yes(4)Yes(4)YesConfiguration / Calibration via HostYesYesYesYesAsset Management SupportYesYesYesYesConfiguration / Calibration via HostYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYes(1)Yes(1)YesConsult FactoryPendingAMS ValVueFF Snap-On GE’s Masoneilan*ValVue* FF sofwarePRM Plug-InN/AConfiguration / Calibration /Diagnostics via GE’s ValVue* FFStandalone Software connected toH1 SegmentConfiguration / Calibration /Diagnostics via Integrated PackageName of Add-On Package1. Asset manager faulth models for GE’s Masoneilan FVP positioner.3. At Time of Print. Contact GE for other systems.2. Emerson Delta V AMS Snap-On for ValVue FF software.4. Device Type 1, Rev 3 or Type 7 only.Table 4: GE’s Masoneilan* FVP* Valve Positioner - Host Integration10 GE Oil & Gas
Table of ContentsDiagnostic ItemAccessibility Read and Write(if applicable)Diagnostics VersionHost System(TB Block held (TBBlock n*ValVue* FFSoftwareMinimal orNo HighwayLoading (2)Advanced /BPOptionDiagnostics TestsSelf check including auto-analysis of springrange, low and high air supply, valvehysteresis, time constant, and stick-slip44444Standard Actuator Signature test with automatic friction, and spring range analysis (4)44444On board non-volatile memory storage fortwo actuator signatures with analysis (4)44444Extended actuator test with automaticfriction, spring, and seating analysis(4)444High resolution extended actuator test withautomatic friction, spring, and seating analysis (4)44N/APositioner performance signature(positioner signature)444Valve/Actuator/Positioner performancesignature (step test)4444ConsultFactoryOnline performance analysisincluding friction4*4(3)SignatureHandlingComparative signature overlay and analysisof 8 testsN/AN/A4(1)4N/ATrending window of diagnostic test progresscan be savedN/AN/A4(1)4N/ABatch operation for diagnostic testsN/AN/AN/AN/A44N/AHTML report4(1)4(1)N/A1. This feature is host system dependent. See table “Integration with control systems” for more details, page 10.2. Diagnostic tests or calibration routines, which are “device initiated” and running within the micro-processor of the Masoneilan FVPvalve positioner. Therefore, minimal or no communication bandwidth is affected, which allows for successful completion of these taskswithout sacrificing the H1 segment throughput.3. Friction related information not available.4. Not available with Double-Acting.* Spring Range, Air Supply Not AvailableTable 5: Diagnostics SummaryMasoneilan* FVP* 110 Fieldbus Valve Positioner 11
Diagnostics SummaryDiagnostic ItemAccessibility Read and Write(if applicable)Diagnostics VersionHost System(TB Block held (TBBlock n*ValVue* FFSoftwareMinimal orNo HighwayLoading (2)Advanced /BPOptionValve Historian32 bit cycle counter with adjustable alarmthreshold44444432 bit Travel accumulator with adjustablealarm threshold444444Accumulating timer of valve position“closed” with adjustable alarm threshold444444Accumulating timer of valve position “nearclosed” with adjustable alarm threshold444444Accumulating timer of valve position “open”with adjustable alarm threshold444444Masoneilan* FVP* Valve Positioner Self-Initiated DiagnosticsImpending positioner or control valveproblem (servo alarm)444444Control valve position deviation fromcommanded setpoint444444Sensor failures (position, temperature,A/D converter, etc)444444CPU tasks, memory integrity, communicationintegrity444444444444Setup and Calibration DiagnosticsAuto-Calibration with 9 pass-fail criteriaPositioning AutoTune with 11 pass-fail criteria4444441. This feature is host system dependent. See table “Integration with control systems” for more details, page 10.2. Diagnostic tests or calibration routines, which are “device initiated” and running within the micro-processor of the Masoneilan FVPpositioner. Therefore, minimal or no communication bandwidth is affected, which allows for successful completion of these taskswithout sacrificing the H1 segment throughput.3. Friction related information not available.Table 5: Diagnostics Summary (cont.)12 GE Oil & Gas
FOUNDATIONTM FieldbusSpecification Data Summary1. GeneralIs the device registered at the Fieldbus Foundation (Y/N)YesManufacturer NameGEManufacturer ID445644ModelFVP110Device Type/RevITK (See www.fieldbus.org for latest updates)1/47/24.612. DD and CFFDevice Description File Name (.ffo and .sym)Capabilities File NameType 1: 0401.FFO, 0401.SYMType 7: 0202.FFO, 0202.SYMType 1: 040101.CFFType 7: 040101.CFFSetup WizardAuto TuningTravel CalibrationOperational ConfigurationSearch Stop PointsList of MethodsControl Parameter TuningSelf Check ExecutionRelease Fail SafeSignature ExecutionUpload Signature DataUpload Signature Header DataInstant Troubleshooting3. Physical3.1Polarity Sensitive (Y/N)Yes3.2Quiescent Current Draw (mA)163.3Startup Current Draw (ma)173.4Capacitance176nF3.54-wire DeviceNo4. Communication4.1Stack ManufacturerYokogawa/Softing4.2Does the Device support Backup LAS functionality?YesTotal Number of VCRs29QUB/Server-34.3Number of Fixed VCRs for user configuration (Publisher, Subscriber,Alarming, and /Publisher - 11BNU/Subscriber - 12Masoneilan* FVP* 110 Fieldbus Valve Positioner 13
FOUNDATIONTM FieldbusSpecification Data Summary (cont’d)5. User Layer General5.1Function Block Application ManufacturerYokogawa5.2Function Blocks (list all type, but not including transducer)AO, PID, DI, OS5.3Device Support Block Instantiation (Y/N)No5.4Number of Link Objects255.5Device Support firmware upgrade over fieldbus segment? (Y/N)Yes (optional)6. Resource Block6.1Block Class (Standard, Enhanced, Custom)Standard6.2Special FeaturesNo7. Transducer Blocks7.1Block Class (Standard, Enhanced, Custom)Custom7.2Does the device support methods in the Resource and Transducer Blocks?Yes7.3Special Features besides Methods (multiple views, etc.)Yes7.4Transducer Block Special Features (supports Methods, multiple VIEWS, etc.)Multiple VIEWS8. Function Blocks8.1Does the Device support Custom Function Blocks?No8.2Block TypeDI1, DI2, OS, PID, AO8.3Number Available5 (RB and TB not included)8.4Execution Time (ms)AO: 95 ms, PID: 120 ms, OS: 95 ms, DI1 & DI2: 40 ms8.5Block Class (Standard, Enhanced, Custom)Standard8.6Is the AO block of the device able to operate in Cascade mode?Yes9. Channels XD SCALE and CHANNEL value9.1Channel 0Listed by Channel, Unit Code, Enumerated Description, andFunction Block TypePID Controlled Value InputAnalog9.2Channel 1Input/OutputSet point and readback signals9.3Channel 2Discrete output High limit switch status9.4Channel 3Discrete output Low limit switch status14 GE Oil & Gas
Ease of SetupGE’s Masoneilan FVP valve positioner is very easy to setup, configure and commission from any FOUNDATION fieldbus host, because the (DDs)that reside in the host system contain “menu and methods” to guide the user through the Masoneilan FVP valve positioner setup. Below are a fewexamples of the Setup Wizard executed from some commonly used host systems and GE’s Masoneilan FVP valve positioner.Launching the Setup Wizard by Right-clickingon the TB Block from the DeltaV ExplorerEmerson Process Management integration - Valvue* FF SoftwareSnap- On for AMS 7.0, DeltaV 7.2 or later editionHoneywell ExperionPKS – How to Launch the Setup Wizard from the“Fieldbus Methods Manager”Yokogawa Centum system – How to Launch the SetupWizard from the “Method Invoker”FOUNDATION Fieldbus is a registered trademark of Fieldbus Foundation.Experion and Scout are registered trademarks of Honeywell.STARDOM is a registered trademark of Yokogawa.DeltaV, AMS and SNAP-ON are registered trademarks of Emerson Electric Co.Masoneilan* FVP* 110 Fieldbus Valve Positioner 15
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Masoneilan* FVP* 110 Fieldbus Valve Positioner 5 Table 2: Agency Approvals Table 1: GE’s Masoneilan* FVP* Valve Positioner Specifications (continued) Item Specification Code ATEX Flame Proof Per EN 50014 (1997) and EN 50018 (2000) Group: II Category: 2
1.Engine Oil SABA 13 1.Engine Oil 8000 14 1.Engine Oil 6000 15 1.Engine Oil 3000 16 1.Engine Oil Alvand 17 1.Engine Oil Motor Cycle Engine Oil M-150 18 1.Engine Oil M-100 19 1.Engine Oil Gas Engine Oil CNG-BUS 20 1.Engine Oil G.I.C.X.LA 21 1.Engine Oil G.I.C.X. 22 1.Engine Oil Diesel Engine Oil Power 23 1.Engine Oil Top Engine 24
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where R s solution gas oil ratio, scf/stb V gas gas volume in standard condition, scf V st oil volume in stock tank condition, stb oil gas s V V R Solution Gas Oil Ratio - GOR The solution gas-oil ratio (GOR) is a general term for the amount of gas dissolved in the oil.Solution GOR in black oil systems typically range from 0 to approximately 2000 scf / bbl. 2022-2023 Nabaz Ali Reservoir .
V-5 and V-10 pumps are shipped from the factory with the speed reducer filled with the proper amount . Amoco Oil Co. Worm Gear Oil Cylinder Oil #680 . Shell Oil Co. Valvata Oil J460 Valvata Oil J680 Sun Oil Co. Gear Oil 7C Gear Oil 8C Texaco Honor Cylinder Oil 650T Cylinder Oil Union Oil
The ratio of the S&P 500 price index to expected earnings (P/E) is highly correlated with the reciprocal of the 10-year bond yield, and on average the two have been nearly identical. In other words, the “fair value” price for the S&P 500 (FVP) is equal to expected earnings divided by the bond yield in the Fed’s valuation model: 2) FVP E/TBY
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crude oil price projections 3 natural gas price projections 5 oil and gas production 7 oil production forecast 7 gas production forecast 10 mineral royalty 13 crude oil royalty 14 natural gas royalty 15 non-hydrocarbon royalty 16 plant products royalty 16 severance tax 18 crude oil severance tax 19 natural gas severance tax 20 plant products .
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