SCIENCE: ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

SCIENCE:ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGYEND-OF-COURSE EXAM GRADE 9-12 YEAR 17–18ASSESSMENT BLUEPRINT

Purpose StatementAnatomy and PhysiologyThe Anatomy and Physiology End-of-Course (EOC) exam is intended to measure student proficiency of the New Mexico ScienceStandards. This course-level exam is provided to all students who have completed Anatomy and Physiology or related courses.This exam can be given for the following STARS course codes:1550 - Medical Anatomy & Physiology1713 - Anatomy and PhysiologyIntended as a final exam for the course, this is a summative exam covering a range of content, skills, and applications. Scoresare reported to the teacher, school, district, and state levels for the purposes of student grades, curriculum review, studentgraduation requirements, and NMTeach summative reports.“The EOCs are exams written by New Mexico Teachers for New Mexico Students.”During the 2016-17 school year, teachers were brought together in person or online as part of the blueprint and exam revisionprocess. The NMPED extends our gratitude to all those who contributed to this improvement process. Although we wereunable to implement every suggestion due to conflicting viewpoints at times, this blueprint reflects the best collaborative effortamong dedicated peers.The NMPED would like to especially recognize the following person(s) who led the revision for this blueprint: Debbie Dean, Ph.D., Hobbs Municipal Schools, NBCT, Blueprint Lead Dinah McAlister, Portales Municipal SchoolsNMPED Anatomy and Physiology EOC BlueprintProject Management by2

Explanation of Blueprint Layout & Test Specifications TableStandardStandards with Test Item Specifications:The standards identified in thisportion of the blueprint arealigned to the 2005 Anatomy &Physiology CurricularFramework: This portion of the blueprint identifies the specific skills and knowledgestudents will have to demonstrate during the exam. Although the standard may be broader, the item specifications mayplace constraint on portions of the standards in order to provide moretransparency as to what specifically will be measured relative to iles/Learning /Science/anatomy 9 12 06.pdfNew Mexico Teachers identifiedthe standards to be measured onthe EOC exam using thefollowing criteria: 1) a great dealof instructional time is spent onthe standard as identified in thecurriculum and/or; 2) thestandard is important tosubsequent learning.It is important to note that thestandards in the blueprint areonly a subset of standards to bemeasured with theunderstanding that teacherscover more standards during thecourse of instruction than whathas been selected to bemeasured. Item specifications provide guidelines for the item writer so they knowwhat topics to specifically focus on when authoring items. Strikeouts indicate that this portion of the standard will not bemeasured this year in consideration of exam length and testing time.The topics will be rotated in subsequent exams. In some cases, the topicmay be covered in another subject area EOC.Item Types:The item types for this EOC exam are limited to:MC multiple choice with or without stimulus (e.g., picture, graph, table)Sample Question(s):Sample questions have been provided to assist teachers to correlate thequestions with the performance standards and the test item specification, whenapplicable. An * denotes the correct answer DOK Depth of Knowledge Some sample questions may be items released items from prior EOCexamsNMPED Anatomy and Physiology EOC BlueprintProject Management by3

Blueprint Table - Anatomy and PhysiologyStandard/Learning OutcomeStandards with Test Item .AP.73. Identify the major body systems.4. Describe relative body position and structures, including regions, planes andcavities.6. Investigate homeostatic control mechanisms and their importance to healthand diseases.7. Predict the effect of positive and negative feedback mechanisms onhomeostasis.STRAND: Organization of theHuman BodySpecifications:STANDARD 1:Students shall explore theorganizational structures of thebody from the molecular to theorganism level. Explain the anatomical position and the terms that describe relativepositions, body planes, and body regions Describe the body cavities, their membranes, and the organs withineach cavity Relate mechanisms to each body system’s health and cause of disease Differentiate between positive and negative feedback mechanismsItem Type:MC multiple choice with or without stimulusSample Question:Which system’s major tissues and organs are the lungs, blood, heart, veins, andarteries?A. nervousB. breathingC. respiratory*D. skeletalNMPED Anatomy and Physiology EOC BlueprintProject Management by4

Standard: OHB.1.AP.3DOK Level: 1T.4.AP.1Standards with Test Item Specifications:STRAND: Tissues1. Describe the structure, location, and function of each tissue category:STANDARD 4:Students shall understand thehistology of the human body. epithelialconnectivenervousmuscleSpecifications: NoneItem Type:MC multiple choice with or without stimulusSample Question:How can the shape of a squamous cell best be described?A. sphericalB. cubeC. columnarD. flat *Standard: T.4.AP.1DOK Level: 1This item was released from the NMPED 2016-17 operational form.BS.6.AP.1BS.6.AP.2NMPED Anatomy and Physiology EOC BlueprintStandards with Test Item Specifications:Project Management by5

BS.6.AP.3STRAND: Body SystemsSTANDARD 6:Students shall describe theanatomy and physiology of theskeletal system.1. Identify the components of the skeletal system (Structure and Function).2. Discuss the physiological mechanisms of the skeletal system (ossification,remodeling and repair).3. Identify the macroscopic and microscopic structure of bone.Specifications: Distinguish between the bones of the axial skeleton and appendicularskeleton, including functionDistinguish bones according to shape and describe the major functionsof bone. (e.g., flat, irregular, short and long)Describe the structure of a typical long bone and indicate how each partfunctions in the physiology and growth of the bone. (e.g., epiphysealplate, spongy bone and compact bone)Identify the role of articular cartilage in relation to joint articulationUnderstand the processes of ossification, remodeling and repair(intramembraneous and intrachondular ossification)Describe the types of cells found in bone and their function in bonegrowth and control of bone mass (e.g., osteocytes, osteoclasts,osteoblasts)Compare and contrast the microscopic organization of compact(cortical) bone and spongy (trabecular) boneItem Type:MC multiple choice with or without stimulusSample Question:Which of the following statements is true about a bone which is dense andcompact?A. It is a cortical bone.*B. It forms the inner layer of bones.C. It is a trabecular bone.NMPED Anatomy and Physiology EOC BlueprintProject Management by6

D. It is the portion of the bone which grows the quickest.Standard: BS.6.AP.3DOK Level: 1BS.7.AP.1BS.7.AP.2BS.7.AP.3STRAND: Body SystemsSTANDARD 7:Students shall describe theanatomy and physiology of themuscular system.Standards with Test Item Specifications:1. Identify the components of the muscular system (Structure and Function).2. Discuss the physiological mechanisms of the muscular system (musclecontraction).3. Identify the macroscopic, microscopic, and molecular structure of muscle.Specifications: Identify the components of the muscular system, including majormuscular groups and movement termsName the components of a skeletal muscle fiber and describe theirfunctionsDescribe how the thin and thick filaments are organized in thesarcomereExplain the molecular processes and biochemical mechanisms thatprovide energy for muscle contraction and relaxationIdentify the steps involved in muscle contractionDescribe the neuromuscular junction and the neurotransmitter releasedat the neuromuscular junctionKnow that the specialized structure, the mitochondria, inside cells playsa role in energy productionCompare and contrast the microscopic structure, organization, function,and molecular basis of contraction in skeletal, smooth, and cardiacmuscleItem Type:MC multiple choice with or without stimulusNMPED Anatomy and Physiology EOC BlueprintProject Management by7

Sample Question:Upon stimulation of skeletal muscles, calcium is immediately made available forbinding to troponin from which of the following?A. bloodB. Sarcoplasmic reticulum *C. lumpD. boneStandard: BS.7.AP.2DOK Level: 2BS.8.AP.1BS.8.AP.2BS.8.AP.3STRAND: Body SystemsSTANDARD 8Students shall describe theanatomy and physiology of thenervous system.Standards with Test Item Specifications:1. Identify the components of the nervous system (Structure and Function).2. Discuss the physiological mechanisms of the nervous system (how synapsesfunction and the role of the neurotransmitter).3. Identify the macroscopic, microscopic, and molecular structure of thenervous system (the divisions of the nervous system and their function,including parts and functions of the Central Nervous System—CNS).Specifications: NMPED Anatomy and Physiology EOC BlueprintRecognize that the nervous system is divided into the peripheralnervous system and the central nervous systemExplain the role of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in asynapseIdentify neuron structureDiscuss the three basic types of activity in the nervous system: 1)sensory; 2) integration, interpretation, information storage, decisionmaking; 3) motor functionDescribe the different types of neuroglial cellsDescribe the function of oligodendrocytes and Schwann cellsProject Management by8

Describe the structure and function of the myelin sheathIdentify the divisions of the nervous system and their function, includingthe Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System Describe neurotransmitter functionItem Type:MC multiple choice with or without stimulusSample Question:Where does a sensory neuron of the peripheral nervous system takes nerveimpulses from sensory receptors to?A. motor neuronsB. interneuronsC. autonomic nervous systemD. central nervous system*Standard: BS.8.AP.3DOK Level: 2BS.10.AP.1BS.10.AP.2BS.10.AP.3STRAND: Body SystemsSTANDARD 10:Students shall describe theanatomy and physiology of thecardiovascular system.Standards with Test Item Specifications:1. Identify the components of the cardiovascular system (structures andfunctions of the heart and circulation).2. Discuss the physiological mechanisms of the cardiovascular system (majorcomponents of blood and blood-typing).3. Identify the macroscopic, microscopic, and molecular structure of thecardiovascular system (blood clotting).Specifications: NMPED Anatomy and Physiology EOC BlueprintDescribe the heart: include the pericardium, the layers in its wall, thefour chambers, the valves, and the great vessels entering and leavingProject Management by9

the heartDescribe the basic arrangement of the cardiovascular system and theblood flow through it (include the pulmonary and systemic circuits)Describe the functions of the blood and distinguish whole blood fromplasma and serumExplain the ABO blood typesExplain physiology of heartbeatsDescribe the basic processes in blood clottingClassify and explain the functions of the formed elements found inblood and describe where they are producedItem Type:MC multiple choice with or without stimulusSample Question:Through which valve does blood leave the left ventricle?A. tricuspidB. bicuspidC. pulmonary semilunar valveD. aortic semilunar valve *Standard: BS.10.AP.3DOK Level: 1This item was released from the NMPED 2016-17 operational form.BS.5.AP.1BS.5.AP.2BS.5.AP.3STRAND: Body SystemsSTANDARD 5:NMPED Anatomy and Physiology EOC BlueprintStandards with Test Item Specifications:1. Identify the components of the integumentary system (Structure andFunction).2. Discuss the physiological mechanisms of the skin (layers and appendages ofskin).3. Identify the macroscopic and microscopic structure of the integumentaryProject Management by10