8 Fair Dinkum - St Michael's Weebly
8Fair dinkumLiteracyMultimodal textsManaging informationLiteratureUnderstanding humourLayers of meaningLanguageReading web pagesModality: shades of meaning
n Multimodal textsModern technology allows writers to compose and publish multimodal texts that can beread around the world. Digital stories are stories told online or on CD and DVD, usingwords, audio, images and sometimes animation.Telling stories digitallyL I T E R AT U R ELANGUAGEThe Australian Centre for the Moving Image (ACMI) hosts exhibitions, film festivals and liveevents that aim to make Australians more aware and informed about films and the power ofthe moving image. ACMI conducts workshops for young people in digital storytelling. Hereare three examples of young people’s work presented on the ACMI website:l ‘The Voices of Australia’ created by Sebastian Young—This entertaining ‘claymation’features real voices and very unreal creatures talking about what Australia means tothem. www.acmi.net.au/vid si voices aus.htmlLITERACYl‘Australian Identity’ created by Rory Young—In this claymation, quirky music, soundeffects and iconic Australian images work together to create a brief history of Australia.www.acmi.net.au/vid australian identity.htm‘My Granddad’ by Hesham A—Hesham narrates this digital story, which features arange of still photographs. www.acmi.net.au/vid edst my grandad.htmExercise 8.1Digital storiesView these digital stories on the ACMI website and write a review about one ofthem. Your aim is to explain to Year 7 English teachers what the digital story isabout and whether Year 7 students would be interested in seeing this digitalstory. Explain why or why not.Digital stories about AustraliansStories of migration are part of our history. Some migrants to Australia have recorded theirexperiences in online digital stories.The Australian Centre for the Moving Image (ACMI), based in Melbourne, helps peopleproduce and enjoy works containing moving images; that is, works created for film,television and digital culture. ACMI conducts workshops in which people can create digitalstories about their own lives.100Macmillan English 7 for the Australian CurriculumISBN 978 1 4202 2969 1
1Who is the narrator? What does the sound of her voice suggest about her age?2Who is she talking to? How do you know?3What do the opening visuals show you about her homeland?4When did she migrate to Australia? Where did she land? Where did she go to live?5Watch the digital story again and then explain the narrator’s message.L I T E R AT U R EView the story ‘Yehinat Fekir’ by Tigist Kebede, on The Age website at ts/shortstories.htmlMaking modern AustraliaIn 2010, the ABC launched an interactive website called ‘The Making of Modern Australia:Your Story, Our History’. Everyday Australians sent in their stories of life in Australia from1945. The ABC then made a four-part documentary series based on these stories.Exercise 8.3LANGUAGEExploring a digital storyCreating a personal storyLITERACYExercise 8.2Explore the website ‘The Making of Modern Australia’ at www.abc.net.au/tv/makingaustralia, view and readsome of the stories and make notes on how to create a digital story.1Select one of the themes of the series: childhood, love and relationships, home, or faith. Write a briefrecount (about 200 words) about something that has happened in your life in Australia that relates tothat theme. It can be about something dramatic or something simple and everyday.2Draft, edit and finish your recount.3Use your recount to create a digital story that shows people throughout the world what it is like tobe young in Australia. Use photo editing software or PowerPoint, or create a book in a display folder.Narrate your story so that it is accurate and interesting, and use images that fit with your narration.ISBN 978 1 4202 2969 1Chapter 8 Fair dinkum101
n Managing informationScience constantly makes new knowledge, technology and information available toeveryone. It is important to be able to understand and manage this information.Australian statisticsLANGUAGEEvery four years, the Australian Government conducts a national census. The AustralianBureau of Statistics (ABS) then prepares data based on the census. The following table givesan accurate picture of who Australians are and how the Australian population is changing,by comparing the census results of 1996 and 2006. The data reveals the cultural mix ofmodern Australian society.ABS statistics on country of birthL I T E R AT U R EAlthough the proportion of people who were born overseas has remained unchanged at22% since 1996, Australia’s ‘country of birth’ profile has changed over this time. England andNew Zealand remain the two largest overseas-born groups but the size of the Europeanborn population has decreased. China is now the third largest birthplace group havingincreased by 96 000 since 1996, while the number of people born in India has increased by70 000.LITERACY2006Persons’000Proportion of alloverseas born %1England856.919.42New Zealand389.53China (a)41996Persons’000Proportion of alloverseas born %England872.122.38.8New ia147.13.3Greece126.53.27Scotland130.22.9China blic ny106.52.4Netherlands87.92.211South n74.91.7Hong Kong68.41.815Hong Kong (c)71.81.6Poland65.11.7(a) Excludes Taiwan Province and Special Administrative Regions (SARs): Hong Kong (SAR of China) and Macau (SAR of China).(b) Excludes Taiwan Province. (c) SAR of China.Source: ABS 2006 Census data102Macmillan English 7 for the Australian CurriculumISBN 978 1 4202 2969 1
1In 1996, what proportion of all overseas-born Australians were from China? In 2006, hadthis proportion increased or decreased? By how much?2In 2006, how many people listed India as their country of birth? (Remember to multiply thenumbers in this column by 1000 to get the actual numbers.)3How many more people said they were born in the Philippines in 2006 than in 1996?4Write a paragraph similar to the one above the table in which you interpret the statisticsfrom Italy, China and Scotland.5How would you use the information in the table if you were a:a restaurant owner? b Qantas manager? c school principal?Australian valuesL I T E R AT U R EThe Commonwealth Government provides new migrants with information about Australiansociety. This is part of what the Government says:Australian valuesAustralian values include: respect for the freedom and dignity of the individual equality of men and women freedom of religion commitment to the rule of law parliamentary democracy a spirit of egalitarianism that embraces mutual respect, tolerance, fair play andcompassion for those in need and pursuit of the public good equality of opportunity for individuals, regardless of their race, religion or ethnicbackground.from cise 8.51LANGUAGEReading statisticsLITERACYExercise 8.4Explaining valuesRewrite the dot points in plain English and add an example to each point. For example, ‘respect for thefreedom and dignity of the individual’ could be rewritten as:Australians believe that everyone should be free to speak their mind and live their life as they want to,and everyone should be respected. So, bullying or picking on people is wrong.2Write a short speech on the topic of Australian values. Explain the three values that are most importantto you. Your audience is a group of teenagers who have just migrated to Australia. Include some storiesfrom your own life.ISBN 978 1 4202 2969 1Chapter 8 Fair dinkum103
n Understanding humourHumour serves many purposes. People enjoy humorous films andTV shows, and they go to see stand-up comics. And what better wayfor friends to connect than by sharing jokes? Humour can also helppeople deal with uncomfortable and painfulexperiences. Sometimes by laughing at yourselfand inviting other people to laugh with you, youcan feel better about yourself and your problems.And those who laugh kindly with you get tounderstand you better and sympathise with you.LANGUAGEThai-riffic humourLITERACYL I T E R AT U R EThai-riffic! by Oliver Phommavanh is the story ofThai-Australian Albert Lengviriyakul (‘Lengy’)who feels caught between two cultures. He isembarrassed by his family, and wants to be atrue-blue Aussie.Oliver Phommavanh uses his skills as a standup comic and teacher to draw us into the life of akid reluctantly coming to grips with his Thaiheritage.Readers observe how Lengy and his parentslearn to live in their new country. Readers are alsoreminded how some things that Australiansunderstand and take for granted can be veryconfusing for newcomers.Exercise 8.6104Puns1Explain the pun in Thai-riffic!2List five clues on the front cover that signal that this is a humorous novel.3The names of Thai restaurants are often puns. Say these names out loudand write down the original words that the puns are based on: Bow Thai Thai Tanic Thai Foon Appa Thai Zing En Thai Sing Thai Ranosaurus.Macmillan English 7 for the Australian CurriculumISBN 978 1 4202 2969 1
Later in the novel, Lengy’s family is investigating other Thai restaurants. They go into‘Thai Me Kangaroo Down, Sport’. Lengy’s father is wearing a T-shirt with ‘Life’s Thai-riffic!’on it, advertising the family’s business.LITERACYDad opens the door and we hear a ‘Waltzing Matilda’ doorbell. A youngThai lady wearing a silk dress bows. ‘G’day, my name’s Shazza.’‘Bless you,’ Dad says.‘No, my name’s Shazza.’Mum takes out some tissues. I snatch them off her.‘No, her name is Shazza.’‘Are you catching a cold, too?’‘No worries.’ Shazza reads Dad’s shirt. ‘That’s funny.’‘Don’t encourage him,’ I say, standing in front of his shirt.from Thai-riffic! by Oliver PhommavanhExercise 8.7Getting to know Lengy1Why is Lengy embarrassed by his surname?2The author’s purpose is to have readers laughing with Lengy, not at him. Find an example in the extractswhere the humour comes from: funny comparisons the unexpected misunderstandings.3Imagine that you have had trouble fitting into a new country or new social, school or sporting group. TellLengy about your experience in a humorous way.ISBN 978 1 4202 2969 1L I T E R AT U R EThe office lady glances down at her book. ‘What’s your last name?’‘Lengviriyakul.’‘Huh?’ She flips a few pages. ‘Um, Albert Leng .’I sigh. Everyone always has trouble with my surname. We moved to Australia when Iwas two, so why don’t we have an Aussie surname? I want something easy like Smith orJones. But I’m stuck with Lengviriyakul. It looks like someone ate alphabet soup and threwup the letters. Mum reckons my surname lets people know that I’m Thai. Yeah right. Wongsounds Chinese. Nguyen sounds Vietnamese. Lengviriyakul sounds like I’m from Mars. Eitherthat or my parents are some species of dinosaur.I flick my tongue and roll off my surname. ‘Leng-vi-ri-yak-ul.’‘Just write it down.’ The office lady points to the page.LANGUAGEThis extract describes Lengy’s first day at high school.Chapter 8 Fair dinkum105
n Layers of meaningWriting a play script is a special skill. The words often have more than one layer ofmeaning—while actors may say only a few words, these words often reveal something oftheir characters, or they may speak and act in a way that reveals the themes of the play.Reading between and behind the linesLANGUAGEIn Manjari and the Mummy Mafia by Sue Murray, 21-year-old Manjari, an Indian–Fijian–Australian woman, looks back to the time when her family moved to a small Australiancountry town. As this scene opens, the younger Manjari and her mother, Poonam, are in theschoolyard before school. Manjari has recently told the children at school that her namemeans ‘bud of the mango tree’. Cheryl is one of the Mummy Mafia, a group of mothers ofchildren at the school.Manjari and the Mummy MafiaPOONAM kisses MANJARI on both cheeks and wipes her tears. MANJARI checksL I T E R AT U R Eto see if anyone is watching. POONAM gently pushes her daughter awayfrom her.SHERONA: [Offstage] Hey, Mango Tree! [MANJARI stops and watches POONAM dealing with the MUMMYMAFIA.]CHERYL:[Loudly, to POONAM] Hell-oo!POONAM: [Pleasantly] Hello.[Slowly] What is your name?POONAM: Poonam. And you are?CHERYL: [Screeching to the other women] Poo-nam! [Loudly and slowly toPOONAM] Where – are – you – from?POONAM: [Smiling harder] Brisbane.LITERACYCHERYL: [CHERYL nudges the women either side of her. They all titterand giggle.]CHERYL: [Even louder, now also using exaggerated hand gestures] No, no,no. Where – are – you – from? Where – did – you – come –from – before – here?POONAM: [Smiling, but now also speaking slowly] We – came – from –Brisbane. [CHERYL indicates to the other women that she thinks POONAMis stupid. While this has been happening, SHERONA has beensneaking up on MANJARI. She is about to put a banana downthe back of MANJARI’s dress. CHERYL sees this.]CHERYL:[Yelling to SHERONA] Oi! Sherona![SHERONA looks guilty.]106Macmillan English 7 for the Australian CurriculumISBN 978 1 4202 2969 1
Don’t waste good fruit! [THE MUMMY MAFIA and SHERONA laugh. JUDE looks a littleembarrassed.]Exercise 8.8Interpreting a play1Explain in a short paragraph what happens in this scene.2Explain what the stage directions at the beginning tell you about the characters.3Research the meaning of the word ‘mafia’? Why does the playwright call these mothers the ‘MummyMafia’? What does this tell you about them?4Find the evidence that Cheryl is racist in her attitude to Poonam. List your evidence under the headings:‘What she says’, ‘How she speaks’, and ‘How she acts’.5Has Cheryl passed on her racism to her daughter, Sherona? Why do you say this?6Imagine that you are the director of this scene. Explain how cast members should say each of these lines:SHERONA: Hey, Mango Tree! (aggressively? warmly? softly?)CHERYL:Jude, don’t be a prude! They know I’m only kidding. (angrily? jokingly? nervously?)7The line ‘Don’t waste good fruit!’ has several layers of meaning. On the surface it shows a mother givingher daughter good advice. At a deeper level, it is supporting Sherona’s bullying behaviour towardsManjuri, turning the bullying into a joke. What layers of meaning can you read in each of these lines:CHERYL: [Loudly and slowly to POONAM] Where – are – you – from?POONAM: [Smiling, but now also speaking slowly] We – came – from – Brisbane.8Jude is one of the Mummy Mafia. Even though she doesn’t speak, what does she contribute to thescene? How would the scene be different if a stage direction said ‘Jude doesn’t exit with Cheryl. Shegoes up to Poonam and shakes her hand.’9Examine how the script of the play is printed and laid out. Which parts of the text are printed in smallcapitals? Which parts are printed in italics? Which parts are placed inside square brackets? How do thetype styles and punctuation help actors and readers?L I T E R AT U R Efrom Manjari and the Mummy Mafia by Sue MurrayLITERACY [CHERYL and the MUMMY MAFIA exit, ignoring POONAM. POONAMgives her daughter a little wave, then exits. MANJARI exits,running, with SHERONA chasing her, waving the banana.Curtains close.]LANGUAGE Jude, don’t be a prude! They know I’m only kidding. So’sSherona, aren’t you, sweetums? Good on you for making friendswith Poobum’s – oops, Poonam’s daughter. [To the MUMMY MAFIA] C’mon girls, cupsa chinos are on me today.I’m the new chairman – chairmum – of the P&C!10 Act out this scene with some classmates. Remember that there are several characters on stage who donot speak, including Manjari and several of the Mummy Mafia. If you are playing one of these characters,decide how you should be acting. If your character has dialogue, look for the deeper layers of meaning inyour lines and communicate these through your actions.ISBN 978 1 4202 2969 1Chapter 8 Fair dinkum107
n Reading web pagesThis is an online magazine article about an Indigenous dancer, Bboy 2ezy. Features of theweb page are labelled.BannerLogoLANGUAGENavigation barBreadcrumbtrailTask shortcutbuttonsHeadingL I T E R AT U R rlinkText108Macmillan English 7 for the Australian CurriculumISBN 978 1 4202 2969 1
Exercise 8.9Match the features of the web page with the function they serve.1 logoa gives ‘click on’ links to other pages in the website2 photographb gives a summary of the page’s location in the website3 bannerc gives credit to a financial supporter4 navigation bard provides the main body of the article5 breadcrumb traile provides interesting visual support for the written text6 advertisementf gives ‘click through’ link to another website7 acknowledgmentg is an eye-catching visual identifier for this web page8 hyperlinkh shows the title of the online article9 texti enables reader to perform a function quickly10 task shortcut buttonsj represents the identity of a company or organisation as a graphic11 headingk encourages reader to purchase a print magazine2What are three eye-catching elements of this web page? Why do they attract attention?3What visual elements (not the words themselves) show that this article is about an IndigenousAustralian? Consider the artwork, photographs and colours. Write a short description of these elements.4How do you know that this is one page from a larger website?5The font size means how big or small the letters are. Rank from largest to smallest the font sizes used forthese different parts of the web page: text of the article hyperlink logo heading breadcrumb trail navigation bar6Why have the designers used these different font sizes for different elements?7Do you think this is a well-designed web page? Write three or four paragraphs explaining your opinion.Remember that a good website should be eye-catching, simple to navigate and easy to read. Above all,the various elements of a web page have to work together effectively.8Design a web page for an article about an activity that you enjoy out of school, such as a sport, acomputer game or a book you have read recently. Your web page will be included on a website called‘Get into .’, aimed at your age group. You don’t need to write the article—just decide how many imagesto include, what they would be, where they would go, where the article would go, and what otherimportant elements you would include on the web page.9Now, read the text of the article on the Deadly Vibe website.a What is a break dancing crew?b Why does Bboy 2ezy like being a member of the All Consciousness Crew?c Newspaper and magazine articles often contain many long sentences that are easy to read and thatconnect information in a clear way. Choose a long sentence from this article and write about what thesentence tells you and how the information is connected in it.d Why is the article more interesting because it includes actual quotes from Bboy 2ezy?ISBN 978 1 4202 2969 1Chapter 8 Fair dinkumLANGUAGEFunctionL I T E R AT U R EFeatureLITERACY1Examining a web page109
n Modality: shades of meaningL I T E R AT U R ELANGUAGELook at these two images. Observe how the image in sharp focus and high contrast is veryeasy to ‘read’, leaving no doubt about what it represents. The other image has a very softfocus and low contrast. It suggests a mood or a feeling more than the clearer image. Whichis the ‘better’ image? It depends on what the photographer is trying to achieve.LITERACYWhen people express themselves in words, they decide whether they want to be clearand forceful, or open to other opinions, or to subtly colour and shade their meaning andappeal to their readers’ feelings. In order to achieve these different effects, they need to usemodality effectively.Modality expresses how likely or important it is that someth
1 Explain the pun in Thai-riffic! 2 List five clues on the front cover that signal that this is a humorous novel. 3 The names of Thai restaurants are often puns. Say these names out loud and write down the original words that the puns are based on: Bow Thai Thai Tanic Thai Foon Appa Thai Zing En Thai Sing Thai Ranosaurus.
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