ASAC Executive Assistant Architecture Description Summary

nEileenRobertsLogisticsC ntA. VillaniInstitute,NAS 2-14 3 611997NationalAeronauticsandSpace AdministrationLangley Research hitecture

ContentsINTRODUCTIONNASA's Role in PromotingNASA'sResearchGenesisGoals2.Objectiveof the Aviationof the ASACDefiningSystemAnalysisIdentifyingthe Integratedthe AviationSystemOF THE AVIATIONOverview.Capability.and istantSchematicAnalysesASAC.Sites .of ASACUsingModelARCHITECTUREThe ationApproachModelsMODELMODELand data 9.21METHODOLOGYDomainOBJECTmodels2Promising.to ApproachAviation(SystemArchitecture).FUNCTIONAL MODEL .iii22222223

DSSAReferenceArchitecture.23ASAC EA DOMAINMODEL.23DSSA Stage1--Define theScopeof the Domain.23DSSASUB-STAGE1-1: ASAC DESCRIPTIONAND GENERALUSERNEEDS.24DSSA SUB-STAGE1-2: DEFINEREQUIREMENTSDSSA SUB-STAGE1-3: DEFINE THE ASACDSSA SUB-STAGE -4:DEFINE ASACDSSA SUB-STAGE1-5:RE-DEFINEDOMAINOF INTEREST)DSSA SUB-STAGEDSSADSSA1-6:Stage2--DefineASACREVIEW AND ITERATEand ScopeDEFINEANDDSSASUB-STAGE 2-2:DEFINEAND REFINEDSSASUB-STAGE 2-3:REFINETHEDSSASUB-STAGE 2-4:IDENTIFYREFINE2-5:ASACEA DomainDSSASub-stage2-6:ASACEA sSpecification.CONSTRAINTS.DESIGNon the .DictionaryDOMAIN-SPECIFIC3636.and IterateCONSTRAINTSIMPLEMENTATIONDESIGNReviewAND --DEFINEDOMAIN29AN ELEMENTCONTEXTDSSASTAGERESOURCES .Domain-SpecificSUB-STAGE 2-1 :REQUIREMENTSEAVERIFICATIONDSSANON-FUNCTIONALEA DOMAIN .EA-SPECIFICTHE24.DETERMINESUB-STAGE 1-7:FUNCTIONALDSSAASAC68686969

ContentsSOFTWARECONSTRAINTSHARDWAREAND A FLOW4-5:.ARCHITECTURE(S)UserConceptScenarioAND uirements.DSSASub-stage4-7:ReviewTraceabilityand .DSSACONCLUSIONIterateModelDIAGRAMSTATE 03106106

RYIn this technicalAviationdocumentdocument,SystemAnalysisis composed Introduction Components ASAC Architecture ASAC Conclusion.systemthe system(ASAC)of the followingof the ).5 for dologyEA DomainIn the first section,system.we describeCapabilityiModelIntroduction,In the secondand provideand thirdan overview(Architecture)we describesectionsthe genesiswe discussof componentsand role of the ASACthe objectivesand modelsof the ASACwithinthe ASACsystem.In Architectureogy,Methodology,the Domainto developingSpecifica systemThe next section,opmentcontainsASACwe discussSoftwareour choiceArchitecturefor an architecture(DSSA),and the DSSAapproacharchitecture.EA DomainModel(Architecture),process and the ASAC EA system architecturefour subsections,one for each DSSA stage: DSSAStage1--Definethe Scope DSSAStage2--Defineand Scope DSSAStage3--Defineand tion.the develThis sectionof the and Imple-

DSSAStage4--Develop DomainArchitecture(s).The final sectionis thedocumentconclusion.This documenthassix appendices.They are Bibliography AppendixA--Acronyms AppendixB--Domain Dictionary# AppendixC--Proceedingsof the ASAC ArchitectureMeetings,1120Mar 1996# AppendixD--Client/Serverarchitecture AppendixE--Preliminary ASAC EA Design.The first four appendicesareself-explanatory.AppendixD is a shorttutorialonclient/serversystems.Thefinal Appendixis a high-levelview of a preliminarydesignfor ASAC.INTRODUCTIONNASA'sRolein PromotingAviationTechnologyThe United States has long been the world's leader in aviation technologyfor bothcivil and military aircraft.During the past several decades, U.S. firms have transformed this positionof technologicalleadershipinto a thriving industry with largedomesticand internationalsales of aircraft and related products.In 1992, sales ofcivil aircraftpeakedgines,and relatedparts,parable figuresrespectively.Despiteat 39.9for 1995 werethe industry'sment of the billion,productsyears 12.4 23.6 billion,record 12.8billion.and 11.9the difficultaboutleadershipfromExportsin the same year.billion,concernsits worldwideand financial,of 24.3billionof success,has stimulatedwill maintainboth technologicalwith exportstotaledEuropeanbusinesswhetherposition.of en-The com-billion,environthe U.S.Increasedand other non-U.S.aircraft manufacturershas reduced the global market share of U.S. producerslarge civil transportaircraft and cut the number of U.S. airframe manufacturersofto

ASAConly allengesThe d stretch-outsof deliveriesby airlines,requirements,role of the Nationalin supportingand environmentalfor U.S. producerscivil aviationand purchasersAeronauticsis to developconcernsNASAconductsthe advancedtechnologyits technologyresearchship role in aviationmuchand Spacetechnologiesof the basicintroducedprogram,and earlyaimscreateAdministrationthat improvemakingwelfareappliedaddi-to maintainand air transportation(NASA)the overallair travel saferof the Unitedresearchinto the air transportationNASAtechnologyforth-of aircraft.performanceof the integratedair transportationsystem,and more efficient,while contributingto the economicStates.Summarythat createssystem.Throughand improvethe leader-held by the UnitedStatesfor the last half century.The onis the AdvanceSubsonic Technology(AST) program, managedby the Subsonic TransportationDivision,Office of Aeronautics,NASA Headquarters.In cooperationwith theFederal Aviation Administrationand the U.S. aeronauticsindustry, the AST program ptable,that supportand highly productivethe developmentglobalof a safe,air transportationsys-tem. NASA measuresthe long-termsuccess of its AST program by how well itcontributesto an increasedmarket share for U.S. civil aircraft and aircraft component producerstransportationNASA'sResearchand the increasedand capacityof the nationalairsystem.ObjectiveTo meet its objectivechallengesof assistingof the future,potential for improvingNASA seeks to effectivenessNASAidentifyindustryresearchwith the technologicalareas that have the greatestthe operationof the air transportsystem.Therefore,the ability to evaluatethe potentialimpact of variousBy thoroughlytechnologiesaviationthe U.S. aviationmustsystem,understandingand by evaluatingNASAgram and help speed the introductionlustrates NASA'sresearch objective.the economicimpactof ad-the use of new technologiesaims to balanceof high-leverageits aeronauticaltechnologies.adin theresearchpro-Figure1 il-

FigureFAAiUS1. NASA'sResearchObjectiveAeronauticsIndustryDevelop high pay-off technologies to supportsafe, environmentallyacceptable,and highlyproductive global air transportation systemaElementEnsure that the technologies NASA developstimely and consistent with other developmentsthe aviation systemareinCapabilityProvide a capability to evaluate the potentialimpacts of advanced technologies on the USeconomyProgramSubsonicTechnologyI nSystemAnalysis(ASAC)of the ityis the elementof the AST programdesignedto ensurethatthe technologiesNASA developsare timely and consistentwith other developments in the aviation system. Developingan ASAC is one of the objectivesof thetechnologyintegrationelement.Withthis analyticalorganizationsin the aviation communitynomic impacts of advancedtechnologies.ASACis envisionedimpactof advancedprimarilyaviationcan betteras a n;and assisttheir daily work.resources,to thosemodels,scale studiesthis concept.ASACthe aviationsame organizationsscientists,engineers,will provideand analyticalof the aviationsystem4eco-and evaluatingASACcommunity.ASACto performanalysts,and programand conductingand advancedprovidemanagersinformationand organizingtechnologies.fromin-will also be a re-analyses;throughtheconsistsand analysts, and individualsto work on issues of commonthis assistanceexpertiseand otherthe potentialfor understandingof models and databasessectors brought togetherto organizationsevaluateNASAon the U.S. economy.of a diverse collectionthe public and privatesourcecapability,Figureinsystemlarge2 displays

ASACExecutiveAssistantFigure2. atabasesPolicyASAC PROCESSINPUTS:Toolsand modelsCost-benefit1of the ASACanalysesCommunicationsKnowledge dentifyingand iveof ASAC.managersselectTheseof the economicand technologicalon the integratedaviationevaluationsthe most beneficialmix of technologiesareas,such as propulsioncific projectswithinthe eof analysesfrom organizationsto identifyinggram so help researchersof alternativepotentialASACmarketsinto their tThesefor specificwithoutof alternativecepts.Analystsdesignsfrom industry,and techno-evaluateBy betterincorporateaircraftrequiringgovernment,most likelyor orethe valueneedsinvolvethat can readilychangesand universitiesthe pro-the economicinformingtheir customers'of problemsresearchersand quicklyparts of thein technology,and data on how the currenttypesofcom-if they includefrom differentand elsewhereengineersWith such information,utilityin this way.work.analysesincorporatethe expertiseof peoplefrom the start of the research effort.and systems.for technologieswill help NASAspe-of differentoutcomesfor investmentsat NASAtechnologiesmodelsand ogramand in moreare most effectiveaviation community.In this way, the studiesaround the United States and build acceptanceIn additionfor NASAuse severalof ad-is the principalsystems,Generally,expertise,and considerTheseand inputsor navigationcategories.multidisciplinaryand technologies,logicalsystemwill then be used to help NASAboth in broadthis kind requireimpactto othereasilyinvesre-aviationevaluateof their designwouldmorethecon-also use ASAC

Approachto Analyzingthe IntegratedAviationSystemThe most useful aviation technologiesare not necessarilythe most technicallyvanced. Rather, NASA and industry must invest in the technologiesthat havemost promisingpayoffs--thosecally viable performancetions that will purchaseBecausenew aviationthat clearlydemonstratea capacityenhancements--fromthe perspectiveand operate the technologies.technologiesare introducedfor economi-of thoseinto a complexadtheorganiza-system,the po-tential impact of any proposedtechnologymust be analyzed from a system-wideperspective.Otherwise,the potentialimpact may be over- or underestimatedbecause of the unexaminedinterdependencieswith other elements of the aviationsystem.Figure3 showsFigureIn summary,the components3. Componentswith the ASAC,usersof the integratedof the Integratedcan developnomic and technologicalimpact of advancednents of the integratedaviation system.Definingthe AviationDefiningSystemthe tionsystem.Systemevaluationstechnologiesof the ecoon all compo-Capabilityrequirements,and componentsof an item in clearandeasily understoodterms is the first step in developingany item. To achieve thisstep, a series of ASAC architecturemeetingswere held from 11 to 20 March 19966

ASACto set the groundworking the meetingsfor ASACincludedWhatis ASACUsers ASACGoals ASACTerms ASACRequirements ASACModels Information FirstBasedTopicscovereddur-and Dataflow betweenon the MarchASACmodelsASAC.ASACPerformanalysesmeetings,of fundamentaland industry,requiresconflictsimpeccableof we definedthe objectivesofa system that wiltimportanceat both a s4.development.Summarycreated at the architecturemeetingsare documentedin ProceedingsArchitectureMeetings,11-20 Mar 1996, included in AppendixC.advanced3.Descriptionand ctureASAC?ASAC--providing1.Assistantthe following: The productsof the ASACExecutivecredibility,at NASAof alternativeotherlevel.aviationof data and analyticalcan quicklytechnologiesand systems.absenceand technologicalon the integratedand elsewheregovernmentThis objectiveand the completeof the economictechnologiesto a collectionto NASA,and detailedimpactsofsystem.toolsevaluateofwith whichthe economicServe as a commonlyaccepted, credible vehicle for interactioneration both within NASA and among NASA, other governmentrepo-and coopagencies,and industry.5.Modelaircraftthe decision-makingand systems.of the air carrierswho actuallybuy and operate