LEEDND -Smart Location And Linkage
9/24/2014LEED ND ‐Smart Location and Linkage (SLL)Dr. Virginia P. SisiopikuLEED ND – Smart Location and LinkageTopics Overview of the LEED ND rating system Smart Location and Linkage Prerequisites and Credits Using LEED ND – SLL beyond Certification1
9/24/2014LEED ND – Smart Location and Linkage Overview of the LEED ND rating system Smart Location and Linkage Prerequisites and Credits Using LEED ND – SLL beyond CertificationOverview of the LEED Rating System The LEED certification system was launched in 1998. Rated projects earn points to satisfy green buildingrequirements. The number of points the project earnsdetermines its level of LEED certification LEED has evolved to encompass different projectdevelopment and delivery processes through rating systemsfor specific building typologies, sectors, and project scopes2
9/24/2014Overview of LEED ND Developed by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC), theCongress for the New Urbanism (CNU), and the NaturalResources Defense Council (NRDC) LEED ND is a rating system for neighborhood planning anddevelopment based on the combined principles of:o Smart Growtho New Urbanismo Green Infrastructure and BuildingOverview of LEED ND (Contd.) LEED ND places emphasis on the site selection, design, andconstruction elements that bring buildings and infrastructuretogether into a neighborhood and relate the neighborhoodto its landscape as well as its local and regional context LEED ND can be used as: A tool for certification of green projects, and A ready‐made set of environmental guidelines for land development3
9/24/2014Appropriate Use of LEED ND LEED ND is used to certify development projectsthat conforms to standards of smart growth,urbanism, and green building Projects may constitute: Whole neighborhoods, or Portions of neighborhoodsFrom a minimum size of at least two habitablebuildings up to a maximum area of 320 acres LEED ND is not meant to be a national standardthat replaces zoning codes or comprehensiveplansLEED ND Credits In LEED ND 2009, the allocation of points isbased on the potential environmentalimpacts and human benefits of each credit Energy modeling, life‐cycle assessment,and transportation analysis are used toquantify each type of impact4
9/24/2014LEED ND Credits (Contd.) To maintain consistency and usability across ratingsystems, the LEED ND 2009 credit weightings process isbased on the following parameters:o All LEED credits are worth a minimum of 1 pointo All LEED credits are positive, whole numbers; there are nofractions or negative valueso All LEED credits receive a single, static weight in each ratingsystem; there are no individualized scorecards based on projectlocationo Max 100 base points; Innovation and Design Process andRegional Priority credits provide opportunities for up to 10 bonuspoints.LEED ND Certification A project will earn LEED certification by satisfying all theprerequisites and qualifying for a minimum number of points toattain the following project ratings:5
9/24/2014LEED ND: Stages of CertificationNeighborhood developments have significantly longer constructionperiods than single buildings, and as a result the standard LEEDcertification process is provided over three stages:Source: .pdfProcess OverviewPrerequisites and credits in the rating systemaddress five topics: Smart Location and Linkage (SLL) Neighborhood Pattern and Design (NPD) Green Infrastructure and Buildings (GIB) Innovation and Design Process (IDP) Regional Priority Credit (RPC)6
9/24/2014LEED ND – Smart Location and Linkage Overview of the LEED ND rating system Smart Location and Linkage Prerequisites and Credits Using LEED ND – SLL beyond CertificationSmart Location and Linkage (SLL)SLL focuses on:“WHERE” the project is built Looks at the broader context of theproject, as well as how sensitivefeatures within or near the projectare addressed The SLL section encompasses 5Prerequisites and 9 Credits7
9/24/2014SLL Prerequisites and Credits at a GlanceSLL Prerequisites The prerequisites outline where the project cannot be located inorder to preserve prime farmland, wildlife habitat, wetlands, andother places we want to save At the same time, the prerequisites encourage projects to locate inexisting areas near services or transitSLL Prerequisites1.2.3.4.5.Smart LocationImperiled Species and Ecological Communities ConservationWetland and Water Body ConservationAgricultural Land ConservationFloodplain Avoidance8
9/24/2014SLL Prerequisites (Contd.)PR‐1: Smart Location Intended to encourage development/improvement within andnear existing communities and public transit infrastructure Requires all projects to locate on a site served byexisting/planned water and wastewater infrastructure, AND tolocate the project on any of the following:ooooInfill siteAdjacent sites with connectivitySites with existing and/or planned transit serviceSites with nearby neighborhood assetsSLL Prerequisites (Contd.)Example: PR‐1: Smart LocationRequirementsFOR ALL PROJECTSEither (a) locate the project on a site served by existing water andwastewater infrastructure or(b) locate the project within a legally adopted, publicly owned,planned water and wastewater service area, and provide newwater and wastewater infrastructure for the project.ANDOPTION 1. Infill Sites: Locate the project on an infill site.OROPTION 2. Adjacent Sites with ConnectivityLocate the project on an adjacent site (i.e., a site that is adjacent topreviously developed land; where the connectivity of the site andadjacent land is at least 90 intersections/square mile as measuredwithin a 1/2‐mile distance of a continuous segment of the projectboundary, equal to or greater than 25% of the project boundary,that is adjacent to previous development. 9
9/24/2014SLL Prerequisites (Contd.)PR‐1: Smart LocationOROPTION 3. Transit Corridor or Route with Adequate Transit ServiceLocate the project on a site with existing and/or planned transit service such that atleast 50% of dwelling units and nonresidential building entrances (inclusive ofexisting buildings) are within a 1/4 mile walk distance of bus and/or streetcar stops,or within a 1/2 mile walk distance of bus rapid transit stops, light or heavy railstations, and/or ferry terminals, and the transit service at those stops in aggregatemeets the minimums listed in Table 1 (both weekday and weekend trip minimumsmust be met).SLL Prerequisites (Contd.)PR‐2: Imperiled Species and Ecological CommunitiesConservation Intended to conserve endangered species and ecologicalcommunities Requires all projects to avoid sites with species classified byNatureServe as GH (possibly extinct), G1 (critically imperiled),or G2 (imperiled); or to provide a Habitat Conservation Plan10
9/24/2014SLL Prerequisites (Contd.)PR‐3: Wetland and Water Body Conservation Intended to preserve water quality, natural hydrology, habitat, andbiodiversity through conservation of wetlands and water bodies Projects required to comply with all local, state, and federalregulations pertaining to wetland and water body conservation andto limit development effects on wetlands, water bodies, andsurrounding buffer land by:o Locating the project on a site that includes no wetlands, no water bodieso Earn at least 1 point under GIB Credit 8, Stormwater Management, andlimit any impacts beyond minor improvementsSLL Prerequisites (Contd.)PR‐4: Agricultural Land Conservation Intended to preserve irreplaceable agricultural resourcesAll projects required to locate the development on a site that is notwithin a state or locally designated agricultural preservation district,and to fulfill any of the following:o Do not disturb prime soils, unique soils, or soils of state significanceo Locate the project on an infill siteo Comply with SLL Prerequisite 1 (Smart Location)o Locate the project within an area receiving development rights under apublicly administered farmland protection programo Mitigate the loss through the purchase of easements11
9/24/2014SLL Prerequisites (Contd.)PR‐5: Floodplain Avoidance Intended to protect life and property, and to promote open space andhabitat conservation All projects are required to fulfill one of the following:o Locate developments on a site that does not contain any land within a 100‐year high‐ or moderate‐risk floodplain as defined and mapped by FEMAo Locate the project on an infill site or a previously developed site or in a non‐conveyance area of river or coastal floodplain without storm surge potentialo Develop only on portions of the site that are not in the floodplainSLL Credits1. Preferred locations2. Brownfieldsredevelopment3. Locations with reducedautomobile dependence4. Bicycle network andstorage5. Housing and jobsproximity6. Steep slope protection7. Site design for habitat orwetland and water bodyconservation8. Restoration of habitat orwetlands and water bodies9. Long‐term conservationmanagement of habitat orwetlands and water bodies12
9/24/2014SLL Credits (Contd.)SLL CR‐1: Preferred locations (1‐10 points) Intended to encourage development within existing cities, suburbs, andtowns to reduce adverse effects associated with sprawl Points awarded for:o Option 1 ‐ Location Typeo Option 2 ‐ Connectivityo Option 3 ‐ Designated High‐Priority LocationsSLL Credits (Contd.)Example: SLL CR‐1: Preferred locationsRequirementsAchieve any combination of requirements in the following three options:ANDOPTION 1. Location TypeLocate the project in one of the following locations:a. A previously developed site that is not an adjacent site or infill site (1 point).b. An adjacent site that is also a previously developed site (2 points).c. An infill site that is not a previously developed site (3 points).d. An infill site that is also a previously developed site (5 points).AND/OROPTION 2. ConnectivityLocate the project in an area that has existing connectivity within 1/2 mile of the project boundary, as Table.13
9/24/2014SLL Credits (Contd.)Example: SLL CR‐1: Preferred locations (contd.)AND/OROPTION 3. Designated High‐Priority LocationsAchieve the following (3 points):‐ Earn at least 2 points under NPD Credit 4, Mixed‐Income Diverse Communities, Option 2,Affordable Housing.‐ In addition, locate the project in one of the following high‐priority redevelopment areas: EPANational Priorities List, Federal Empowerment Zone, Federal Enterprise Community, FederalRenewal Community, Department of Justice Weed and Seed Strategy Community, Departmentof the Treasury Community Development Financial Institutions Fund Qualified Low‐IncomeCommunity (a subset of the New Markets Tax Credit Program), or the U.S. Department ofHousing and Urban Development’s Qualified Census Tract (QCT) or Difficult Development Area(DDA), or a local equivalent program administered at the national level for projects outside theUnited States.SLL Credits (Contd.)SLL CR‐2: Brownfields Redevelopment (1‐2 points) Intended to encourage the reuse of land by developing sites that arecomplicated by environmental contamination Points awarded for:o Option 1 ‐ Brownfield Sites: Part or all of which is documented ascontaminatedo Option 2 ‐ High‐Priority Redevelopment Areas: Such as EPA National PrioritiesList, Federal Empowerment Zone, Federal Enterprise Community, FederalRenewal Community, Department of Justice Weed and Seed StrategyCommunity14
9/24/2014SLL Credits (Contd.)SLL CR‐3: Locations with Reduced Automobile Dependence (1‐7 points) Intended to encourage development in locations shown to have multimodaltransportation choices or otherwise reduced motor vehicle use Points awarded for:o Option 1 ‐ Transit‐Served Location: At least 50% of dwelling units andnonresidential building entrances (inclusive of existing buildings) are within a1/4‐mile walk distance of bus or streetcar stopso Option 2 ‐ Metropolitan Planning Organization Location with Low VMT: Aregion served by a metropolitan planning organization (MPO) and within atransportation analysis zone (TAZ) where either the current annual home‐basedVMT per capita, or the annual non‐home‐based VMT per employee does notexceed 90% of the average of the equivalent metropolitan region valueSLL Credits (Contd.)SLL CR‐4: Bicycle Network and Storage (1 point) Intended to promote bicycling and transportation efficiency Points awarded for:o Option 1 ‐ Bicycle Network: Bicycle network of at least 5 continuous miles inlength is within 1/4‐mile bicycling distance of the project boundaryo Option 2 ‐ Bicycle Storage: Provide bicycle parking and storage capacity formultiunit residential, retail, or nonresidential (other than retail) developments15
9/24/2014SLL Credits (Contd.)SLL CR‐5: Housing and Jobs Proximity (1‐3 points) Intended to encourage balanced communities with a diversity ofuses and employment opportunities Points awarded if the geographic center (or boundary if the projectexceeds 500 acres) is within 1/2‐mile walk distance of existing full‐time‐equivalent jobs for the following project types:o Option 1 ‐ Project with Affordable Residential Componento Option 2 ‐ Project With Residential Componento Option 3 ‐ Infill Project with Nonresidential ComponentSLL Credits (Contd.)SLL CR‐6: Steep Slope Protection (1 point) Intended to minimize erosion to protect habitat and reduce stress onnatural water systems Points awarded for:o Option 1 – No Disturbance of Slopes Over 15%o Option 2 – Restoration of Previously Developed Sites with Slopes Over 15%o Option 3 – Protect Sites other than Previously Developed Sites with SlopesOver 15%16
9/24/2014SLL Credits (Contd.)SLL CR‐7: Site Design for Habitat or Wetland and Water Body Conservation(1 point) Intended to conserve native plants, wildlife habitat, wetlands, andwater bodies Points awarded for:o Option 1 – Sites without Significant Habitat or Wetlands and Water Bodieso Option 2 – Delineation of Identified Significant Habitat on Sites WithSignificant Habitato Option 3 – 100% Conservation of Sites with Wetlands and Water BodiesSLL Credits (Contd.)SLL CR‐8: Restoration of Habitat or Wetlands and Water Bodies (1 point) Intended to restore native plants, wildlife habitat, wetlands, and waterbodies that have been harmed by previous human activities Points awarded for:o Using only native plants; oro Restoring predevelopment native ecological communities, water bodies, orwetlands on the project site in an area equal to or greater than 10% of thedevelopment footprint17
9/24/2014SLL Credits (Contd.)SLL CR‐9: Long‐Term Conservation Management of Habitat or Wetlands andWater Bodies (1 point) Intended to conserve native plants, wildlife habitat, wetlands, and waterbodies Points awarded for:o Implementing a long‐term (at least ten‐year) management plan for new orexisting onsite native habitats, water bodies, and/or wetlands and theirbuffers; ando Creating a guaranteed funding source for managementLEED ND Checklist18
9/24/2014LEED ND – Smart Location and Linkage Overview of the LEED ND rating system Smart Location and Linkage Prerequisites and Credits Using LEED ND – SLL beyond CertificationUsing LEED ND – SLL beyond Certification LEED‐ND can be used to help determine whether a proposeddevelopment—or even an existing neighborhood, plan, orpolicy—rates as a good one when considering environmentaland community criteria. Q: Is this a good place to build something? LEED‐ND – SLL encourages strategies that conserve resourcessuch as reinvesting within existing neighborhoods, cleaning upcontaminated sites, protecting natural areas, and facilitatingconnections to the surrounding community.19
9/24/2014Is this a Smart Location for Development? Does it build on previouslydeveloped sites? Does it build on infill sites? Does it help clean andredevelop contaminated sites(brownfields)? Does it help reduce the use ofautomobile for transportation? Does it offer proximity to jobs?Is the Location Sensitive to Natural Setting? Does it preserve habitat areas,wetlands, water bodies,floodplains? Does it help restore andpreserve such areas?20
9/24/2014Does the Location Support Transit Use? Does the location providereasonable connections totransit? Does it offer accommodationsto transit users to encouragetransit use?Final Thought 21
9/24/2014Questions, Comments, Concerns22
Smart Location and Linkage Prerequisites and Credits Using LEED ND - SLLbeyond Certification LEEDND -Smart Location and Linkage Overview of the LEED Rating System The LEED certification system was launched in 1998. Rated projects earn points to satisfy green building requirements.
2-5 UltraLift Concept 16 3-1 Watt’s Straight Line Mechanism 19 3-2 Fully Prismatic Linkage 19 3-3 One Replace Prismatic 20 3-4 Two Replaced Prismatics 21 3-5 Fully Revolute Linkage 22 3-6 Scissors Linkage 23 3-7 Parallel Linkage 24 3-8 Parallel Linkage with a Cam 24 3-9 Constant orientation linear linkage 25 3-10 Hydraulic Mechanism 25
Christen, Peter. 2012. Data matching: concepts and techniques for record linkage, entity resolution, and duplicate detection. Springer Science & Business Media. Fellegi, Ivan P and Alan B Sunter. 1969. “A theory for record linkage.” Journal of the American Statistical Association 64(328):1183–1210. Dunn, Halbert L. 1946. “Record linkage.”
V010 Linkage 200 5.5" x 12.125" x 0.04" v4A-10P xA-0077-0416-7 Black Metal Mesh V43 Visor Peak Frame and V412 Linkage 6.5” x 11.8” V4D-10P XA-0077-0417-5 Clear Acetate with Anti-Fog Coating V43 Visor Peak Frame and V412 Linkage 200 7" x 11.8" X 0.04" V4F-10P XA-0077-0418-3 Clear Polycarbonate V43 Visor Peak Frame and V412 Linkage
4-bar linkage knee mechanism has a collection of instan-taneous centers of rotation. Many physicians prescribing AK- and TK-prostheses are not familiar with the trajectory of the instantaneous center of rotation of 4-bar linkage knee mechanisms applied. A 4-bar linkage knee mechanism is intrinsically extension-stable, meaning without extension
Figure 4:1 Four-Bar-Linkage Diagram. A linkage is called a mechanism if two or more links are movable with respect to a fixed link. Mechanical linkages are usually designed to take an input and produce a different output. In the Four-Bar Linkage this input changes the behavior of the mechanism. According to Grashofs' Law [12]. We can .
P-Linkage Clustering: Based on the assumption that: a data point should be in the same cluster with its closest neighbor-ing point (CNP) which is more likely to be a cluster center, we propose a novel hierarchical clustering method named Pairwise Linkage (P-Linkage) which can discover th
smart grids for smart cities Strategic Options for Smart Grid Communication Networks To meet the goals of a smart city in supporting a sustainable high-quality lifestyle for citizens, a smart city needs a smart grid. To build smart cities of the future, Information and Communications Techn
INTERNATIONAL GCSE Accounting . SPECIFICATION Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Accounting (4AC1) For first teaching in September 2017 First examination June 2019
