Bootstrap - University Of Western Australia

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BootstrapCITS3403 Agile Web DevelopmentUnit Coordinator: Tim French2022 Semester 1

Challenges with CSS CSS is a powerful language for creating andimplementing a presentation style for awebsite/application. However, there are a number of limitations:– Some simple operations, like centeringpictures or text can be unintuitive.– It is difficult to create responsive styles thatchange depending on the device on whichthey are being viewed.– Many websites don’t require the full powerof CSS, and can be styled using a simplersubset of operations.

Bootstrap Bootstrap is an open source HTML, CSS and javascript library for developingresponsive applications. Bootstrap uses CSS and javascript to build style components in a reasonablyaesthetic way with very little effort. A big advantage of Bootstrap is it is designed to be responsive, so the oneapplication will look good on mobile devices, tablets and PCs. A disadvantage is that all Bootstrap websites look fairly similar

Getting started Bootstrap is a library of CSS and HTML components. To include this componentsand styles in your page, you can either download and host the code yourself, orjust reference a Content Delivery Network in the header of your web-page. Bootstrap consists of a CSS file, a javascript file, and typically uses the JQuerylibrary as well.

A first Bootstrap page Include the CDN libraries, and a meta-tag setting the viewport width todevice width (for zooming and scaling) The container class automatically sets margins that respond to the pagesize.

The Grid System Bootstrap uses rows of 12 columns for layout. Every compnent (or div) canbe specified to span a number of these columns. The layout can be specified with respect to the device size (extra small,small, medium and large). The number of spanned columns should always add up to 12.

The Responsive Grid System The div class col-sm-3means take three columns on alldevices small, or larger. Extrasmall devices will stack thecontent vertically. The grid layout can be nestedso a span of eight columnscould be divided into 12. We can specify different layoutfor different devices, sosomething can be specified totake 3 columns on a largedevice, but 6 on a small.

Tables The class table adds basic styling to a table, withhorizontal lines and padding. There are additional classes table-striped, tablebordered, table-hover and table-condensed, withdifferent styles and effects. There are also classes for table rows and cells for differenteffects.

Glyphicons Bootstrap comes with 200 icons to use, called Glypohicons. These are rendered as text, so will resize with headers etc. The glyphicon syntax, just applies a class to an empty span.

Other tricks Bootstrap also supports other distinctive features such as jumbotronsmodals (requires JQuery), form layouts, carousels. It is worthwhile taking the time to get familiar with these, as they can makea web-page look professional with relatively little effort. See the w3schools lt.asp or theBootstrap site https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.3/getting-started/

Bootstrap Bootstrap is an open source HTML, CSS and javascript library for developing responsive applications. Bootstrap uses CSS and javascript to build style components in a reasonably aesthetic way with very little effort. A big advantage of Bootstrap is it is designed to be responsive, so the one

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