Implementing Cites Listings Of Sharks And Manta Rays 2013 - 2016
IMPLEMENTING CITES LISTINGS OF SHARKS AND MANTA RAYS 2013 - 2016
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMSCITES : Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and FloraEU : European UnionFAO : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsICCAT : International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic TunasIOTC : Indian Ocean Tuna CommissionIPOA-Sharks : International Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of SharksNDF : Non-Detriment FindingNPOA-Sharks : National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of SharksRFB : Regional Fishery BodyRFMO : Regional Fisheries Management OrganizationSEAFDEC : Southeast Asian Fisheries Development CenterUN : United NationsWCPFC : Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission
IMPLEMENTATION OF CITES FOR TRADE IN SHARKS AND MANTA RAYS INCLUDED IN APPENDIX IIAt its 16th meeting (CoP16, Bangkok, March 2013), the Conference of the Parties to CITES decided to include five shark species and all manta raysin Appendix II. Three other shark species had already been included in Appendix II over the past decade. Species listed in CITES Appendix II are notnecessarily threatened with extinction, but their international trade is regulated to ensure legality and avoid utilization incompatible with their survival in the wild.These listings pose challenges and opportunities for Parties in ensuring the legality, sustainability and traceability of international trade in CITES-listedaquatic species that are exploited commercially.Since 2013, various stakeholders have been working together to facilitate the implementation of these listings, among which the CITES project on“Strengthening capacity in developing countries for sustainable wildlife management and enhanced implementation of CITES wildlife trade regulations,with particular focus on commercially exploited aquatic species”, financed by the European Union (EU) with a contribution of EUR 1.2 million coveringthe period 2013-2016.SHARKS AND MANTA RAYS INCLUDED IN CITES APPENDIX II AT COP16Carcharhinus longimanus(Oceanic whitetip shark)Lamna nasus(Porbeagle shark)Sphyrna lewini(Scalloped hammerheadshark)Sphyrna mokarran(Great hammerheadshark)Sphyrna zygaena(Smooth hammerheadshark)Manta spp.(Manta ray)
CITES-FAO JOINT INITIATIVE ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SHARKS AND MANTA RAYSFAO is the only global agency with a mandate that includes fisheries, aquaculture, and working with national governments and regional fisheries bodies.In support of the implementation of the CITES listings of sharks and manta rays, CITES and FAO have collaborated extensively since 2013 on : Analysis of available shark fishery and trade data to prioritizethe countries that receive assistance from the EU-CITES project; Incorporation of actions relating to the new CITES-listed sharksand manta rays into existing FAO programme activities : FAO-CITES regional consultative workshops for Africa and Asia; Development of training and awareness materials(PowerPoint presentations and leaflets); Key interventions by CITES at relevant FAO and RFMO meetings,and organization of joint side events; NPOA-Sharks, National fisheries legislation review, iSharkFin shark identification software, International shark trade and traceability, RFMO management database with reference to relevantmeasures regulating shark and manta ray bycatch. Want to know more about CITES and FAO involvements at meetings?www.cites.org/eng/prog/shark/calendar.php Interested in the tools and information materials developed by CITES and FAO on n resources from Parties and other stakeholders
IDENTIFICATION TOOLS FOR SHARK PRODUCTSRapid and accurate identification of shark and manta ray specimens in international trade is one of the key challenges acknowledged by CITES Parties.Many shark and manta ray identification materials exist in a variety of formats and languages, which can be searched through an online database at :www.cites.org/eng/prog/shark/resources.phpNew technologies are increasingly used to complement the more traditional identification guides. For example, iSharkFin is an innovative new system thatuses machine learning techniques to identify shark species from shark fin shapes. iSharkFin was developed by FAO in collaboration with the Universityof Vigo, with financial support from the Government of Japan and the EU-CITES project. iSharkFin assists port inspectors, customs agents, fish tradersand others in identifying shark species by uploading a photo of a fin to the online system.FAO is planning the development of mobile app versions of iSharkFin, broadening their potential reach and use. Want to use iSharkFin or learn moreabout n/en/
FOCAL COUNTRIES OF THE EU-CITES PROJECTThe FAO study “Priority regions and countries impacted by the recent CITES listings of marine elasmobranchs” identified 34 countries in Africa, Asia,and Latin America and the Caribbean that should be prioritized for receiving assistance from FAO and CITES.These countries were identified based on the following criteria :1. Range states for one or more of the recently listed elasmobranchs.2. Reported significant catches and/or exports of sharks.3. Recognized as “developing countries” by the UN, assigning priorities to those that are classified as “low-income food-deficit countries” byFAO, or “least developed countries” and “small island developing states” by the UN. In August 2014, the CITES Secretariat commissioned a study to assess the implementation capacity and needs of these countries.An outline summary can be found at : https://cites.org/eng/prog/shark/Information resources from Parties and other stakeholders
WORKING IN PARTNERSHIP WITH RFMOS AND RFBSAreas of competence of some RFMOs and RFBsICCATIOTCWCPFCSEAFDECSource: .htmlRFMOs and RFBs are vital partners in research, training, data collection, data analysis and the development of management plans for commerciallysignificant marine species. They are regional networks of national fisheries agencies, that have experience in shark management, but may not have activelyparticipated in the implementation of CITES so far. The CITES Secretariat is communicating in particular with three RFMOs (ICCAT, IOTC and WCPFC),which are involved in certain shark fisheries issues, as well as with the Regional Fishery Body Secretariats’ Network.The EU-CITES project is supporting SEAFDEC and ICCAT for the implementation of shark stock data collection and assessment in selected countries.This in turn contributes to the development of NDFs. Discussions are also underway with other RFMOs on possible collaboration. For more information about RFMOs and RFBs : www.fao.org/fishery/topic/16800
MEETINGS OF THE EU-CITES PROJECT AND OTHER WORKSHOPSAcross the globe, CITES Parties, the CITES Secretariat, FAO, other intergovernmental organizations and non-governmental organizations have beenactive in preparing for, and discussing the new CITES listings.Bergen (FAO COFI-FT)BonnNova Scotia (NAFO)Vigo (NAFO-36)SeattleLondonLisbonNew YorkLa Jolla (IATTC-6)Madeira (ICCAT)Casablanca (FAO/CITES)Veracruz (CITES AC27)San José (MOS2)Guatemala City (Central America)Tel Aviv (CITES AC28)Genoa (ICCAT-19)Geneva (CITES SC66)Olhão (IOTC WPEB-11)TiranaRome (RSN-5/FAO COFI-32)SèteSt. Julians (ICCAT-24)Agadir (COFI FT)Busan (IOTC-19)HurghadaPraiaKochiSanta MartaBogotáMuscat (RECOFI - 8)Cali (CPPS)RFMO meetingsSantiagoHong KongPenangPohnpei (WCPFC-11)NairobiMajuro (WCPFC-10)Apia (WCPFC-11)Colombo (IOTC-18)Recife (C/S America)Meeting participants from countries identifiedas "priority/focal" in FAO studyChennaiAl MukallaKuwait (RECOFI WGFM-9)MantaLima (IATTC-87)Xiamen (CITES/FAO)KarachiPanama (CAWEN/ROAVIS) DakarSan SalvadorMeeting participants from other countriesYokohama (IOTC WPEB10)Cairo (RECOFI WGFM-8)Bangkok (SEAFDEC)JakartaLa Réunion (IOTC-20)Swakopmund (SEAFO-10)Nadi (Oceania)SuvaWollongong (Oceania)Cape TownDurbanMeetings supported by EU-CITES projectOther meetings contributing to the implementationof CITES listing of sharks and manta raysThe above map is based on information communicated to the CITES Secretariat and includes events up to August 2016.For detail on these and other shark-related events, please see www.cites.org/eng/prog/shark/calendar.phpAuckland (CCSBT-21)
WHAT WE HAVE LEARNED SO FAR AND PLANNING AHEADThe regional workshops, targeted surveys and face-to-face discussions revealed priority capacity needs by Parties for implementing the Appendix IIlistings of sharks and manta rays. During 2015-2016, demonstration activities (a limited number of different types of activities to test impact) will beconducted in order to respond to these needs. The outcomes of these demonstration activities will inform further wide-ranging capacity building support.LEGALITY Shark landing data collection Testing NDF guidelines Training materials for making NDFs Updating national legislation Developing/implementing NPOA-Sharks Supporting FAO’s national fisheries legislation review Supporting FAO’s NPOA-Sharks workTRACEABILITY Improving data collection on catches at species level Training on biology, taxonomy, ecology and stockassessment, in support of making NDFsEXAMPLE OF PLANNED ACTIVITIES Identification materials Establishing traceability systems for specimensand processed products CITES shark identification materials database Supporting iSharkFin and FAO’s fisheries trade and traceability work Shark traceability feasibility studyOTHERSUSTAINABILITYNEEDS EXPRESSED BY PARTIES Collaboration between national CITESauthorities and fishery agencies Regional cooperation Collaborative activities with RFMOs and RFBs RFMO shark management measures database
SHARING INFORMATION AND EXPERIENCECITES has developed a dedicated web portal on its website for Parties and stakeholders to share information and experience,as well as for the public to learn more about the CITES listing of sharks and manta rays : www.cites.org/prog/sharkThe CITES web portal offers various tools for information and experience sharing : Sharks and manta rays events/meetings calendar;Shark identification materials database;Shark NDF guidelines and tools;Archive of national and regional reports, studies, posters, multimedia, and links to other sites.The portal also contains a variety of other resources from CITES and FAO for the implementation of new shark and manta ray listings. Do you have any information you would like to shareon the CITES web shark portal?Please send us an email at : info@cites.org
More information on the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora is available at : www.cites.orgMore information on the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations is available at : www.fao.org Copyright 2015 CITES Secretariat and FAOShark illustrations on page 3 produced by Emanuela D’Antoni, copyright FAO.This brochure was prepared by the CITES Secretariat and FAO, and made possible through funding received from the European Union.This document, in part or in full, may be reproduced for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder,provided acknowledgement of the source is made. Reproduction for any other purpose requires the previous agreement of the CITES Secretariat.The CITES Secretariat would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this document as a source. The views expressed in this publicationare those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Union.The geographical designations employed in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the CITES Secretariat,FAO or the European Union concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.The responsibility for the contents of the document rests exclusively with its authors.Design
Prepared by CITES in collaboration with FAO with support from the European UnionPrinted at United Nations, Geneva – 1608376 (E) – August 2016 – 500 – UNEP/CITES/2016/1
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS CITES : Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora EU : European Union FAO : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations ICCAT : International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas IOTC : Indian Ocean Tuna Commission IPOA-Sharks : International Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks
national waters in accordance with the Regional Plan of Action on Sharks (PI RPOA-Sharks). The NPOA-Sharks also fulfills management measures adopted by the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC) and the broader objectives of the International Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks (IOPA-Sharks).
Table 3: Sharks and rays occurrences in the windward and leeward Dutch Caribbean (Based on van Beek et al., 2014; Davies & Piontek, 2017) Yarari Marine Mammal and Shark Sanctuary - Content Family: Dogfish sharks - Squalidae Family: Kitefin sharks - Dalatiidae Family: Squaliform sharks - Centrophoridae Family: Lantern sharks - Etmopteridae
Basic principles of legislation to implement CITES CITES Secretariat. 2 Treaty incorporation CITES is an international treaty which is not self-executing upon a country's adherence (i.e. agreement to be legally bound by its provisions) The implementation of CITES obligations requires
4. Interior Construction 2 140 DIRECTORY LISTINGS 1. General 1 2. Listings Provided Without Additional Charge 1 3. Primary Listings 2 4. Extra Listings 2 5. Initial Service Period for Chargeable Extra Listings 3 6. Rates for Extra Listings 4 7. Charge for Information Service (Directory Assistance) 4 150 PUBLIC TELEPHONE SERVICE 1. General 1 2.
Índice de especies CITES – 3 PREÁMBULO En esta edición 2011 de la Lista de especies CITES se toman en consideración las enmiendas a los Apéndices CITES y los cambios en la nomenclatura científica
trade in wildlife and over 34,000 scientific names of taxa listed the CITES Appendicesin . Around a million records of trade in CITES-listed species of wildlife are currently reported annually and these data are entered into the CITES Trade Database (an Oracle relational database) as soon as they are received by UNEP-WCMC.
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